al azhar mosque

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Founded : 970 A.D Location : Cairo, Egypt Style: Hypostyle Mosque, Fatimid AL – AZHAR MOSQUE CAIRO, EGYPT

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Founded : 970 A.DLocation : Cairo, EgyptStyle: Hypostyle Mosque, Fatimid

AL AZHAR MOSQUE CAIRO, EGYPT

To view this presentation, first, turn up your volume and second, launch the self-running slide show.1

INTRODUCTION

Founded in 970,the principal mosque of shite islam for north africa and the near east was built between the 10th and 12th centuries in the center of cairo

In the tradition of establishing a centre of worship after conquering a new city, the Fatimid rulers started working on the AL-AZHAR (meaning The Splendid) Mosque (AD 970-72).

It is the first mosque established in Ciaro, The City Of A Thousand Minarets.

The mosque is developed into a second oldest continuously run university in the world after Al-Karaouine.

It has long been regarded as the foremost institution in the Islamic world for the study of Sunni theology and sharia, or Islamic law.

To view this presentation, first, turn up your volume and second, launch the self-running slide show.2

PLANThe ground plan shows traces of the original rectangular building with its five aisles in front of the Qibla.

In 1496 the Mamluks added the domed porch to the mosques original rectangular plan with five aisles running parallel to the qibla

PLAN

OBLONG OPEN COURTYARD

Letting go is hard, we know.3

CHARACTERISTICS

The building had an oblong courtyard surrounded by a portico made of reused ancient columns supporting arcades in stuccoed bricks.

The courtyard formed a perfect prologue to the prayer hall

Reused shafts and capitals supported pointed , 4 centred brick arches.

It consisted of five bays parallel to the Qibla, with an axial nave leading to the Mihrab.

The design of these bays was remarkably energetic : the arches were raised high and join to each other by tie rods which lent solidity to the Portico.

To guard against any risk of weakness, the architects trippled the colums on either side of the entrance and doubled them at the corners of the courtyard.

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Central courtyard with dome and minarets

To view this presentation, first, turn up your volume and second, launch the self-running slide show.4

CHARACTERISTICSThis courtyard measured 50 by 34 meters.

Its FOUR facades were decorated , at the level of the friezes, with recesses directly above the columns .

Large circular rosettes were placed above the arches

Set against the sky was a large open work balustrade with staggered Merlons.

The decorative style used in the courtyard - from the Tullunid example

Thus in its ornamentation and its use of brick, the first Fatimid architecture of Cairo conformed to the Mesopotamian tradition brought to Egypt by Ibn Tulun while the reuse of ancient building materials recalled the Umayad techniques.

Brilliant central courtyard of Al-Azhar Mosque

Minarets of Al-Azhar Mosque in central Cairo

To view this presentation, first, turn up your volume and second, launch the self-running slide show.5

It consisted of five aisles running parallel to the qibla wall.

After the fall of the Fatimids, however, the qibla wall was demolished, and further aisles were added.Prayer hall of the al-azhar mosqueCeiling in Al-Azhar Mosque

Inside column lined Al-Azhar Mosque primary prayer room, with outlines on the floor for each worshiper Primary mihrab of Al-Azhar Mosque INTERIOR

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It underwent several enlargements:

The Qibla was demolished, while the original mihrab was preserved

The prayer hall was lengthened, in the direction of Mecca, with four new bays

The principal nave of the new part led to a new mihrab which was off centre.

To the north, the faade of the entrance was completely remodeled and mamluk minarets were added.

entrancecourtyradmihrab

archade

For more than 20 years, Duarte has developed presentations7