THE MASSACRE

OF

PALESTINIANS

AT

AI-I{ARAM

AI-SIIARIF

ocroBER a, 199(,

A Speciallnvestlgative Report

HUMAT{RIGHTSl{FotrATlot{CEIITER

The Palesttne Human Rghts Inlornratlon CenterA Center of the Arab Studles SoctetyP.O. Box 20+79JerusalemPh:972-2-287070

PHRIC - Internatlonal4753 N. Broadway . Sulte 93Ochlcago, IL . 6o6,to . usAPln: 312-271-4492 . Fax'. 312-271-3377

TIIE IIASSACR.E OF PAI,ESIINIAI{S AT AI.IIARAM AI-SEARIFocnoBER a, 199()

A Speclr brtlP-stlgatl€ RePo,l ofTte Palestine Hunnn Rl!,hls l\f@7r.aaon Cenlzr

AED.ddh€.

1. Ilst of Palestxrians Klled b'y lsraell Security Forces on Al-Haram Al-Shaitfon tuober 8, 1990 ... . . . . . . . . . . .-. . . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . . . . . . . . . . . , 20

2. Btographlcal hformatton on Th€ Patestfdans Klled .,.... - -- --.-.-..-......... 21

3.TraDscrtptoftheCaIAomAl-AqsaMosqueontheMomtngofOctober8'1990.-..-.-.-.-.-. . . . . . .23

4. Armotated Ust of Other Reports on tfie bcnts ofOctober 8, 1990............. ...-....... . .,,.,,,.,..... 25

BrcL CoYt!Map of Al-Haram At-Shaitf, noung slt€s menuorr€d tn the report.

To nake ttts deta d, relrdt as readable as posslble, uE twtg tughllghld caiticd Pohts h thetext.

dober 31, 19gOC@Dtled ln JerusalemPubrishedl:chlcago, IL . USA . tgOO

Cov.r Ait: SII.ENCE by Maha Abu-Ayash

HUMANRIGHTSCETTER

ST'MMARY OF REPIORT FINDINGS AND COTiCLUSIOIIS

Conslstent 'rlth ou! mandate, PHRIC'9 lnvestlgatton tnto the er€nts at al'Haram al-Shadf on October 8concentmtes on hr]rnan rtghts vlolations by Israell securlty forces. PHRIC neldworkers alrd stall collectedover IOO detafled statements from eyewitnesses, the tnjuled, medlcal teams, hospnal doctoB' fanlllles ofthose kIled, Awqaf (Islarntc Tiust) ofitctals, representatlves of internatlonal humanttarlan organlzatlons.and other*'ltnesses to hurnan rlghts }'lolattons. Our frvesttgatton dtd not lrrclude the taldng ofstatementsfrom pollce or border guard persodrel, whos€ role has t€en addressed ln lnvestlgations h'y other bodtes.

PHRIC stafr also conducted on-slte lnvestlgattons ofthe phystcat e!'ldence, anab?,ed a vldeotape taken bya tourlst lrom the Mount of Oltrcs whlch overlook3 the area. and studled the reports of severalorgadzauons. lncludtng the ofilclal Israell CornBlsslon of lnvestitlatlon.

NO PI,ANNED PROV(rcATION BY PAI.EST'INIAtr{SPHRIC found that Palestinlans came to al-Haram on October 8 ln order to protect lt agahst what Moslemsanticlpated would be a provocattve entry by the Temple Mount Falthful. There were calls to thls ellect onFrtday, October 5. Irom the mosque. There ls no el'tdence to substantlate the clatm nrade by Israell olllclalsthat Moslem rel€ious men incited the local populatlon to i'lolent actloDs agalrrst Jews. On the contnry'our e!'lderrce hdicates that conslstent attempts were made by both shetkhs and Awqaf olllctals to defusethe sltuatlon before lt erlrpted, and to calm the crowd durhg the shootlng.

EXCDSSIVI FORCE USEDAccordtng to the zamlr Comrrdsslon, the securlty forces acted on an assumptlon that the lives oI twopolicemen lnslde the Hamln fidght be in danger. Even had thls assumptlon been well-founded' whlch itwas not, PHRIC concludes that the use oflethal force, whlch resulted tn 17 Palestlnlans dead and at least337 inlured, was entfely dispmportionate and unwaranted. We also questlon the I$aell argument thatthe tv;s of Jewtsh worshlpers at the walltng \tr/all werc ln danger at the tlrne of the security offenstve.

The us€ of llve anrmunltlon, and ln partlcular of high-veloclty bullets, ln the Haiam compound arousedunderstandable concern l*'lthln the lnternatlonal commurrlty ln vlew ofthe spectal status of Jerusalemand the sanctlty of the Mosque to the world's Moslem communltles.

D€athaPHRIC has ascertalned that r 7 Patesttnlans q'ere fataty shot jtr al_Haram. of those' I I were shot ln theneck or head. At least ts'o were ldlled whlle trying to assfst the tnJured. The clrcurnstances of the killlngsarrd medlcal aspects ofthe injurles provide coovlnclng evldence that the securlty forces were "shootlng toki[.- An elghteenti vrctim, a 24 year: old Palestinlan, was shot by men ln cMllan dress ln the ChdstlanOuater at about 12:15 p.m. the same day and dled October 24.

InJudcEPARIC is especraly concerned about the large number of people wounded bry hlgh veloclty bulets whichshattered trlstde the body and caus€d devastattng lnJurt6. Much of the gunirc was automatlc andtherefore tndrscrtrntnate: itrany of the wounded sustalned multlple bullet wounds. cleal.ly ldentflablemedlcal personnel v/ere shot. People were shot tn the back or while asslsung the wounded. Chldren andthe elderly were shot and werc severely afrected by tear gas. Israelt clatms that thelr securlty forces wereactjig tn self-defense are itnplauslble at best.

PHRIC Report on the Md ssatre 6 Palesttttlans at AI'Haro.m Al.shanJ

I

tItRtC Rqon on the Moss aEre oJ tulesttnians at AltId'am Alsharlf

EVACU,rTIOII 'ND

IREAIUEITT OF TEE WOT'ITDED OBSTRUCTEI)It ts clear that the e\acuatlon of the dead and wound€d was deuberately obstructed by the s€curlty forcesAmbulances were held up at th€ entrance of al-Ha.rarn. They were teargassed and shot at alter obtardngpermlsslon to €nter. Two nurs€s and a doctor w€ft shot whfle evacuatf€ and asstsung the i.Irjured.Ambulances carrylDg crlticaly trtjured !,rcrc delayed at a number ofroadblocks placed between al_Haramand East Jerusalem hospltals.

PERIC'' tnycsdg.tlor t|otnb to thc t88ca!l.tc nccd for:

I. rltcrnaUond protccdon ofPalestltllans under Ismell ocrupatlon, lncludlng Jemsalem.

2. rlr trdcpcndcnt lnvcrdg.tld undcr thc rusplco of thc U tcd Nrtto!$ g€crdqr Coulcll of theevents at al-Haram al-Sharif on October 8.

I. CIIRONOIIXIY OF EYENTS

EEFJONE TEE CI.ASEESStnce Fnday, October 5, al-Awqaf (Islamtc Trust) oftdab and relgrous leaders had been askhgMusltns to attend prayeF at al-Aqsa on Monday. October 8. Ttds w;s h €c.Dectaton of an ainuajattempt by the Temple Mount Faltbfirl to enter the Haram al-Sharf and lavihe cornerstone oI thellrrd tem- ple-o_n the Monday of the Jewjsh Succot (Tabernacle) holtday. The request for theMusllrn fattfful to gather for prayers at the Hamm on Oct. 8 was not df;cted 4oairlst the thou-sands ofJews s'ho had come to celebrate Succot at the Watbg Wall (Buraq plaz,a).-

There had been ftue prcvocatlve attempts by the Temple Mount group to enter the holy compoundduring September. A{'qaf olftctals had reason to b€lleve that-thev would attemDt io enter theHaram al-Shaflf compound between 8 a.(rd I I a.m. on October 8. The TemDle Mou;t Fatthful hadwl*ldrawn thetr-peljuon to the Hgh Coufl requesttng permtsston to pliace a succa at the MughrabtCate, to place the cornerstone for the third timple on the Haram, and to extend the hou; theywere perrnitted to enter the Haram to pray on Octob€r a beyond 11 a.m. to S p.m. Thuj.Palesttnlans pre_sent at al-Aqsa

-belleved thaathe .femple Mount'Fattfful rdght attenipt to enterthe area up untll I I a.m. AIl of the palesflntans iiterytewed constdered thef ;wn preseirce to be adeterrent: none had come wtth the airn of "attacklig Jews."

About l(xx) M|Isl|m eotahlpcra rttend€d d,rcr! !'ralrcrsi by lO a.|n. thc anmber hlat lncr€ased toapprodmatcly 6dn. wftnc6ses notcd tltclr suiprlsc at tlc crse stth stich they enter€it dle coD-pound: there were no age restdctions and or toccastonal routhe ldenflty checks; there was onljro-ne Av,rqafguard_and one or two poltcemen at each gate, though some noticed a liarge group of boi-derguards outslde of Llon s Gate. The only large and vlslble s€curtty force were th"e b"orderguardsstatloned at the western slde of the HaJam. some litslde the compbund near the Mughra6l andSls eh (Chatn) Gates and otherc tn the old Mahkama (court) bu ding, now used as a"perrnanentborderguard posltlon. The other stde of thls area ls the Wa tng WaI (Buraq plaza), where, accord-lng to the Zamir Report. Jewlsh reLgtous servtces conflnued unul g:5O, alter whtch the Jewlshworshlppers began 1o leave. Thc actuel truEbcr of boral€rguardB prcsont L llot cteor, ttoughEltnessca estlnr.tc ftod 20 to ,ttt.

Shetkh Moharnmad Hussear descdbed the sltuatlon:

9verything-{,as golng aI dght. Thc worchtpcrs werc rcctflng rctgtous verses and chanting the prophetMohammad s Modd?h Another large group of people were sttflng t;front of the mosque plaz-a-listentng to areligous les€on given b!'shelkh Bitavri. Thc women iverc dttrng tn th€ plaz-a of the D6me of the Rock s;yngprayer and chantlng r-€llglous refi-alns. Another group *ras reiponstbie for matntalnhg ordcr. This gr;u;jncluded the

-guard_s of the Ae.,qaf, 4wqaf employees, and othcr wel,known personaratba from the-clt}

Thes€ people formed a hunan chah b€ts,een the youths and rhe se.urtv forces. A djsrancc ofaboul 50 mi.ters *?s k€pt b€tween lhc louths and thc soldters tn ordcr to prcvent Alc'Uon b€tq€en the two stdes.

From 9:3O on, as the number of Palestlniang trcreased, so dld the feeltng of tenslon tn the area.Between 10 and lO:15, Shetkh Moha!ffnad spoke wlth the commanders-of the Awqaf poltce andborderguard unlts present, urging them to avotd confrontations. He assured the bo;derguardcommander. Shlomo lfutabl. that worshlpers q/ould not lnsttgate anv conlrcnla ons.Katabl sald: "If you tluos onc stdc, eveE a flttlc @c, thclc wltt bc a iar here.

According to an afildal'tt from Falsal Husseint, the Haram guards telepboned htm at the IslarntcCounc butlding, ln the compound, at around lO:15 or 10:30. They complatned that the border-gxards were provokhg people. aod that the sttuaflon was poteliflaly explostue. Accordtng toHusselnl:

I went out $tth other m€mbers of thc Councd and *r asked peoplc to congregatc near al-Aqsa. The religlousmen calncd peopl€ b!' g€ttlng lhem to pray and stng l€lgioua sones. 'Ih€ srtuauon trnprovei.

3

PHRIC Report on the Massa.'e oJ Palestlnlans at Al-Ho'ra,n ,!l-shat1']r

TEE FIRSI CIISEES| 1(},16 - t1:O6Accordhg to lnten'tews *'tth youths who were present at al-Aqsa, the g€nelal atmosphere waschaouc and tense alter g:3O, when rumors spread that the Temple Mount Falthful were in thearea. lAccordlng to the Zarnli Report about 20 members of the Temple Mount Falthful arrlved atthe Walltr€ Wall Plaza at 9:5O and left for S wan at IO:OO.] However. no stone thrcwing took placeand the Awqafs Commlttee to Malntain Publlc Order was acttvely calrning the crowd.Palestlnlars lnterllewed by PHRIC who were praylng at the tirne felt the sttuatton was calm. Atapproxlmately lO:3O, a rumor began ctrculatkrg ln some areas of the Haram al-Sharf that theTemple Mount FaltMul would not be enterlng the Halam, and some people reported that the crowdstarted to relax. At the same tlrne, rumors peFlsted ln othe! areas that the Temple Mount groupwould arrlve. Palestlnlans hten.lewed sald they dtd not wltness any attack wtth stones agalnstthe pollce or borderguards at thls tlme.

AU tloac lntcrvlccrld datc thc €ruptlo! of thc cbrhes to ttre thlowlng of e te!.r-gas cenl9ter lntotlc gtoup of glrL alal eomcn gtthe.cal rt thc Domc of the Rock plaza at eppro{mately tO:45.Accordtng to Shelkh Jamel Mohammad Jamel Rtfa't:

I saw through my omce n4ndow youths gatherlng small stones. I rushed out to talk wtth the youths andcalm them, before $ey began to throw stones tn the Mughrabt cat€ area. I was about four or ftve meteFftom a soldl€r who was sltilnq on a colonnad€. I saw hi;throw a t€ar-€as canlster to a second soldi€r beneath hlm. But lhe second soldier faled to catch lt. so the cantster expl;aed ar Dung cat€ ar€a. The s€condsoldler plcked up t}te canister and thr€w lt at the peopl€. The first soldler threw another canister, whichsbned the rioting tn the area. I looked behlnd me and saw that som€on€ had thrown another cantster atth€ women at th€ Dome of the Rock

The tear gas was vlslble from afar, and some youths and men thought the Dome ofthe Rock wasbumtng. Gtrls and women at the spot started screarnln€|, 'The army ls herc, the settlers are com-bg!" The irnpact on the already tense crowd - and borde4luards - was trnmedtate and dramatic.

Many of the men and youths lrnmedlately ran from al-Aqsa up the steps leadtng to the Dome ofthe Rock to see what was happentng wlth the women. A group of youths conttnued on and attackedthe small pollce statlon to the north of the Dome of the Rock pliaza. Ttre poltcemen escaped, \rlththe help ofAwqaf ofirchls; the statlon was burned and at least one gun found in tt was destroyed.A lrrge group ofyouths snd mcn headed towad6 the borderguarat8 at Mughrabt catc, throwtng3tde3. It ls aloubtfirl whcthcr at thls potnt (10:60 d so) the stoncs thro*n could brve r€ached tleWalUDg Ivdl plaz5. The Wauing wafl plaza ls on the far stde ofthe Halam wall, whlch ts about tenmeter hlgh at that polnt and seveml meters wtde. lsee Map.l

Thc botdeiguards opcn€rl 8ra wlth tear ga6 and rubber bulets. Wltne6s€s dl6er otr when llve am-munldon t aB f,$t uaed; somc say ldm€dlotely o.nd others soy that thcre wag a 6pace of about t*omlnutca. The borderguards at the westem area wlthdrew through the Mughnbl Cate tn the face ofthe enraged crowd, shooting all the tfne. Accordtng to a r*'ttness, at least one soldter drcpped htsgun during the wtthdmwal; lt was destrcyed by the crowd. A 24 year old man present at the scenedescribed the events:

wlth trle rest of the )'outh I h€aded to{'ard the ar.ea wher€ the women were shouflng AIIardt Akbdr. wethought that the soldlers had broken lnto the Dome of thc Rock. I saw soldiers at the Sllsl€h lcharn] catestart shooting rubber bul€ts and gas canisters wlthout provocation from th€ youths, as most of the youthsran toward the Dome of the Rock not toward the soldiers at chaln cat€. The shooUng of gas and rubb€rbullets prorbked the youths. who start€d thro*'lng ston$ toward the soldters. The ).ouths started mo\]1n9forward st€p by step toward th€ soldiers at Slls eh and MuAhrabl cat€s. I heard tha sormd of ltve bdlets.The,ouths started to move backwards becaus€ of tne gas. then tne soldters wtthdrew out ofMughrabl cateand the youths *€I€ able to close the cate. They threw stones and th€ soldlers shot through the Gate. A per-son was shot ln the shonldcri he fell on the sround and I don't kno{' It he dled or was or v lniured. Someyoutls canl€d hlrn away ftom thc cale aFa and Inlo th€ mosque... The youths then wenr iodrds SilstlehGate. The soldlers ther€ were shootlng from tnstde a room above thc catc {the Mankamal. They tnjured alarge numb€r of peoplc. I saw them fall'on th€ ground rtght b€foc rny €l'es.

The borderguards $'tthdrew through Mughrabl cate between 1O:5O and I I a.m. The gate was thenclosed; wltnesses dlITer on whether lt was shut by the soldrers o! by the youths.

PHRIC R€pdt on t |e liossacre oJ tubstfi?I,ans al AI-HaJom Al'Sh,rtV

Af th|. Doht. at@r. throc frod th! grf.E ltltct lt.t ttc bcd.tturd. @ toll of th! wdllnSvrtl .!|! t! thc x!fh.D. bn|ltftl calt hrtc rctcb.{t tlc g.tlh8 r|[ P!rr.. lactc rtldc. wr.not dlrcctctl rt Jct|.h ro['hlPpc|r, who the Pal6ttrlanB could not s€e and had no reason tobeltci€ weic attll thcE slnce thctr s€n'tccs had clded onc hour cadtcr. Further' glven thc hclghtand wldth of tl|e wall, and wherc thc Palcatrdais wcrc locatcd' lt would have bc€n ncarlynnpossrblc for anythtng but sntall stolEa to havc clearcd the wa[. Soldiers conthucd shooungthrough a holc tn the Mughrabl Gatc dght altcr ft was closcd, and gutftrc contltrued from theMahkama.

ahc At|t Pdctthl.! tl|lcd trt !ro.t |lLv B||'L|n trrrto|r., tto t . .noEa thc tolrthtthr{tlg *oocr rt thc Xdgbrol G.tc. Ec trt rhot t! tlc hcrd.bo!t 9(' Ectrtr fr@ thc grtc,Some witnesses state that he was shot b'y a borddguad ofrber rght bcforc the gatc was closed;olhers say hc was hlt when bordcrguards nred through a holc ln thc gate lE$cdtately anercloerng lt.

At L|'t 2{, othcr htcatbl|'t rtiG lqiscd f! $a rruibt|H G.tG |rcl dlrlDg tlc slth.lr.trJ. |!a!lt b ftcV thrt tto othcst s.rc ttn d rt tb|. dnc lsee s€ctlon on Deadr.s bebwl. I,Alrout 20 Jcwlshworshipp€rs and 6 polrce were ltghty lqured tlr stoncs on October 8.1

MeanwhIe, the men and youths who had run to the Dome of tlle ftock arca heard tfte shoottng andthe crles of the lnlured aira begal returnfng to the a]-Aqsa plaza. As they ran dos'n tfrc steps andapproached the IGs (fountali for abluttous) area ln ftont of al- Aqsa mosque. thry s'erc (xpG€d togunf,re from the Mahkarna.

A pollce heltcopter was flylng over the compound at thls pollt. A numb€r of wltness€g state thatteir gas and lrve amnunflon appeared to bi shot fiom lt, although thls cannot be conflrded.

llt rs posslblc that shootlttg also took place from the Uon's Gate area at this ttne. 14.!y "y-"-wttrrcises saw borderguardJstrooUng from ttrts arca (the northeast pad of the compound)' but the

tfne is not clcar.l

TEt 8@CIJRIIT OIIEISIVE: ll:06 ONWARDSAll eccountr rgicc tlet thcrc rr. . lull tn thc rhoothg bctsrcn ll:m.l.t 1l:(!6. ltc ,GcurltJrfotrcc. lrcrc D(G.|DrbV r.gntuphg ..nd crlllDg fot tctdotrccdcnt ; accsdlng !9 l]tqzand{Cot]]mls.slon and BTselem rcports, they werc actlng on the assumptlon tlrat at least one AmD po-llcemarr was ln danger of atttck tn thc compound slauon. lBoth poltceocn were, In fact' safely ,ql-stde the Awqaf stew;t&' room, on€ having be€n rEcued by a! Awqaf employeq thry wert unableto Eport thls to thctr coMrand. b€caus€ c@Buntauons had bee.n cut of.l

By thf. tfDG, rff .tcslrh sqsbtpci| hrd DcGo Gncurt d br tbc w.[ng wdl Dltr" Pal€tf-xansrire busy transportlng the lnjured hto the mosques or to the cllnlc Itr the westem stde of theoome of ihe Rock pl,aza, and 6l'rg to escape the oasslve teatgasstng. wtness€s say that peopl€ lnthe Haram were bavtng gtrat drmculty ln breathLg because of the gas. Youths' many of whghad covered thelr heads-because of the Eas, w€rc [ather|Il{ stones ln cas€ of an attack by thesoldlels. Medtcal tearns were begbnlng to-arrlve. lgae ENEuaio oJ te wounded betrow.l

At rpprdd.t V f r$6, r n r.tvG fdcc of bo(dcaiuird, .Dd pollcr, rt lritt zdt' bca.r cnt dtrgthrori6 uuglr|fu Crtr .!d hc.ttcd tosrrdt Chd! G.t rnd thc D@c of thc Roc\ |nit d3o to'wards-.!.4;r morquc. urlly trlc wcadng hctact |rd sltc |rocd tlth dub. fn rddltlolt to rl'flcr; *ttrdlca rcp&t rcctag umcrl ncn ln cldtt|.n clothc.. By dl lccourtr thc fotcc c|mc ln.hootlrg hdllcrlilnrtcv, trcbdlnl rut@.t!c Atc hod thc blp.

p.qDlc tr dhdf drcsgoot. but tlcrc rrt no tlnc of dc.Irc non grmftt as the bordfrguards hadspr;ad out on the grcund and had also entered th$ugh Uon's Gate on tlre other slde of the plaza A$'ltness descrtbed thc attack:

Aft€r a short whllc, thc Mughnbl Catc, whrch vas clo€cd. buEt opcn 6nd,a lar-gc numb" of soldlc6 camethrough. Thry dntded lntoitfo grouFr one hcadcd toxards thc stlsuch {chaln) Gate sd thc other tos?rd

PHruC Repdl on lh" Ma-s.saee oJ l\lpsttntans at Al-Ha'um Al-s.hallt

al-Aqsa mosque. Thls causcd confuslon among thc youths who atartcd to rcU€at tocrards al-Aqsa. I wasaDong thcm. Bcforc I r.achcd thc cntranE lto thc Dorne of the Rockl I ca! shot ty a bulet tn the left sldc ofmy chcst I 3ac, tlc soldtcrs rh@tlng rith thcrl guns li a hortzonlal po6tuon. Th€y dtd noi shoor ar our legs:thcy armcd thclr guns Ln|ards our c[cats and G&.

A 27 year old wttness says:

B€causc ofthe lnt nslvc shoothg. I plnt towad thc DorDc of thc Rock I ssw a glDup of border guaids rdrdhgth€ Ftarao fiom th€ dfEcuon of MaJIls lh-eonl Cat€. Thcy srre shoo[ng buI;G;d gas at the Dome ofth;Rock *tcn youths confiont d and lton€d tlFm. I ran ai;ay to thc ea,sistdc but fadd soldlers who canethrough Lron's Ciatc. F,ach eray I wak€d I saw pcoplc fal.lng wtthout b€lng helped.

lr|ry of thc c.rrrluc. wlctrG ttcoplc *to hrd bcco qrt ln tlc pLr. hcbbg to atil otr cercuatc tle to-Jutrd. A.cdrfrg to clr€lrftlc- rtrt ocDtr 6t ttr.d by PSRrc, tqro dthc !? p.lc.dntdn Hllcd tdthc tur.n rrcr t!!G .hot rtflc trtlng to dd lqlur.d pcoplc: Nfne! Dwelk *'as shot attemptiD€itoatd Budran Kashour, *'ho later dted, and Rlbht Amoud was ktlled whle golng to the atd oian un-named l4oied youth. Musa Swelu {,"as shot Ilr the head *'hle bell€ carrled on a stt:etcher alter hewas lnjured ln the slde Is€e Deaths s€ctlonl: an gre$'ttness sa'.s he was shot by botdetguaid com-Dander Kata'bl, who was slttlng on a ledge above the S slleh cate. Three other stat€ments de-scrlbe Palestlntans s,hot and lrrjurcd whfe aldhg lrrjurcd people: Natn Sharlf was shot ln the ab-domen wh{e trytng to ald lzz Eddln Yasrnr, E'ho later dted. Zah Natshe was shot tn the hand Eo-lng to the rescue of Shailf, and nurse Mohanmed Abu Rayall was shot bytce tn the back tr$ng toatd Rtbht Arrroud RaJabt.

A number of eyewltness testtmonies recounted betng shot at as they carded tnjured people.E)rcwltness A" who fs a guard wtth the Awqd rccounted:

I 3aw two A{uI€d youths and four p€opl€ carryrng lhcm-...I helped lo carry thc tc,o }ouths to*ard Uon.s catewhcre therc w€rc border{uards, soldlers ard Arab Dollc€.... As we aDDroach€d. th€i, srart€d ro shoor ll},e bul-lcts at u-s. we wcrE lorE€al to l€av€ thc t$,o tnjur€d Fuols on tlc groi;d becausc oirhc tnrenetry of thc shoortng.

The same qrewltness sald, of another tnctdent, whlch he saw from a door tn the Dome of the Rock:

At the Nahawtjrc Dome tn thc Southw€st comer of thc squaE I saw a youth who had bccn shot ln the headwrth a ll!'c.bdlcl.

-He rra! blccdlng hca! y. Another ma; carne to help blm, but q,as 6hot too. A thtrd man

callle Io nctD. ancl n€ to waa shot.

Thc b.rr.gc of hcryy trrc codtlnucd urt|l lc.st ll:3o. Irlrdi.rt pcrsonlcl rnd othcr wltac8a€8tcPott tbrt aboothg codttnucd uttu l2:3O. A doctor who was evacuauns tnlured unt l2:3O toldPHRIC: "I made threc trtps to that spot lthe Haraml evacuaung qured peiopl-e and stll the shoot-lng was contlnuous."

I-arge-scale aireats and beatlngs took place from 1l:3O onwards, vrtth police chastng youthstnrcugh the Haram. The sadle doctor quoted above. who qras present helptDg to e\,,acuattGJured.satd:

I saw soldlers bcatrng rnjured Foplc rn many tnstanccs. They were crazy, you know, thosc soldlcrs, thcywrrc crazy. Thcy were kickrng th.m. hlmng thcm, slapptng rhem...thfy wErc Mng hclplccrly and thcy wercbealfn wlttrout arDf mcrcy... I told th€ Zantr c.om|nlsslon ln detati about thl,s.

Another eyewltness conJlrms that shootlng conflnued unt l2:3O:

I then v,€nt and stood tleaf Mughrabl cate and iaw 40 Dremb€rB of thc Spcclal Unlt (ln b€Ee unlforms) accoDpantcd by four to oee pcoplc ln cMllan drEs6. I stood bchtnd a column and petch.d thc mcDbers of tbcSp€cral Unrt shootrng ltvc bulcls hcav y. a6 f trtdng to clcar rhe arta- I cannot say whcrhcr the pcople tncMllan dreas wcrc abo shooung. but thcy wert d€a y v,lth the Spcclal ttntt men. I aav, a €Foup of mc; and*om€n who wcle trylng lo l€avc thc coDpound through the Prl€on Cate, but thc Spcclal Unlt shor at rhcm,lnjulhg a yout tn thc abdomcn. F nally I managcd to get ort of lhc cornpound. Ir was ncB, about l2:3o p.m.I atood ln tllc road outsld. th€ Prlsoi Catc. I saw tlrc SFcral Unlt n€ar thc Cate, shooflng at youths.

PHRIC Report on the Mdssacr€ oJPabsfnlatrs al Al'Horg'nt AI'Sh,,lf

Neqotlauons were held between the Doltce arrd the ICRC. UNRVTA and Awqaf ofiIctals about al-torinq ttre saJe evacuatlon of the wounded from lnstde the mosque. The borderguards had beenorderh{ the lrIurcd out one by one so that they could check thelr IDs lsee s€ctlon on EDoauatlottof tIE Woundeatf-ktw, for detatls of the sltuauon durtng thts tttne perlod.l

ARREATAAccordhg to Israeli sources, appmtdmately 125 People were arrcsted lnsrde the Haram al-Sharif'Dlus artoiher I 5 or so arrcstedlir the .lerusalem area that evenlng (three of whom were lssued ad-;ir str:attve detettton orders). By October 26, only 15 rcrratned lrl custody: ntne adults vtho werercmanded ln custody awatung charges, and slx fi nors {.hose status ts not clear.

ISR.AEXI qVII'AN/SETTIT'N ACTIVTTYwltlcss€r havr toid rmIC that tod thc crtly mottdrg of Ostoh€r a, rrdcd tld unardcil ctv 'i.n ro.mcd througb thc Old Clty, h.nsrfDg thc locd poPuLdon. ThGy rhoutcil rrclgt slog.lrgsuch a! "Dcsth to ihc Arob" ard-"Arab OutJ Sone of the perpettatoF were Je$'lsh setders; how-ever, rrltness€s also state tiat there were English_qt€aldng gangs' most llkely Chrtstlan ziontsts'who \r'ere callbg "I(flI all the Arabs so that Je-sus w l comC agarn-" lhese mclst slogans increaseddudng the chsires at the Haram. Old Ctty restdents report that groups of civtllans marchedthrouEh the area screamtng curses agalnst lsl,am and Chrtsttanlty at pass€rs-by.

It ts lmDdgslble to conffim lf cn'{tans/settleB paittclpated tn the shootlng at the Haram. Manywitnessis saw arded ctr'tlians filtng, but they-could not be surc tI they were settlers or plaln-clothed s€curtty agents. Therc are pe-rsistent rumors' however' that at least one person opened fliefrom a roof ln the adjacent J€wlsh quarter.

Falsal Husselni, qtho was airested at I l:3O, was taken through the Mugbiabt Gate. He states that alarqe number of Je*'lsh ctu rans and settler, lncludlng reltgious Jeqrs. were present in thewailin{ wall Dlaza. when 12 pollcemen trled to take htm on foot thrcugh the Jeu'ish quarter tothe ooilce stailon. the crowd surrounded them and shouted threats. The pollce v,,ere forced to re_turrl tr.alsal to the Mughrabl Gate ar€a ofthe plaz. ThGrG r man ltr ctvlltr.n clothes' we'tlng rffppr, .pproochcd btd .nd srlit "W. w l Hll dl yoEr peoPle."

ThG mo.t |€dour dolrdon by c|v rr$/.cttfert wrE thc L|ltbg of satld Khddl' 24' ry !n- lqodfrrrcU ct"tffa.a t tle Chrbiirn qurd€r of thc Oitt Clty some ttrne between 12 and l2:3o lseeD€aths sectlon. below, for detatb.l

A PHRIC employee who had gone to the Old Ctty to tnvesttgate the cause of shooting at the Haramwas leavtn{ tie'area at arorrn:d l:30 p.m.. A group of set tlers approached. shouted "Arabs'" and one.tr.t

"i". -frrr" *ittr a bulst of auto;auc ftft. tie ,"as forced to hlde ln a nearby Arab hous€ for

about ten to 15 mftlutes.

Eailte! that day, at about lO:3O a.m., a group of settterc threw stones and empty-bottles at thehome of Hamoiieh Ahmed Kastlro, 39, tn tha Aqabet al-Khaldl)reh quarte! tn the Old Ctty Theythen bumed laundry and mattrcs.ses on the frcnaporch. Kastlro repeatedry asked for omc|]al pro_tecuon durinq the dav: at arcund 6 p.m , a bordertuard omcer told hlrn: ''lMe are not golng to help

".* ff r* *_uIIr io iriane, tfren tea"i." A.frald for tf,e salety oI hls Il-member farnily Kastiro took

ifti- ii ni.l-t}l"f" house for the night. At around lo:3b p.m the setUers retumedi they brokelnto the empty house and set tn on fiie. T\to other cases of alson of houses wele reported ln thequarter that rlght.

INITITIL SYACUATIOIIhvat€ cars whlch had been parked il the Ilon s Cate area outstdc the Haiam a!-Sharlf enteredthe Harad through Ilon's Caie and began picktng up lnjured peoplc a-hmst-hrmedlateryaner thefbsl sounds of t€ar {as and then shots werc h€ard - after lO:5O a.8.. Worshtpers helped mosl olthe lnlured to al-AqA mosque for protecuon frc'dl guDfire and to escape the leat gas tn the area-olthe oirme of the Rick wh i awardng ambdances: women woBhtppcrs entered the Dome of theRock for protectlon.

A few of the tnlurcd were taken to the clllllc *'tthln th€ Haiar! compound' located to the west ofthe Dome of th; Rock. Cllntc dtrector Dr. Adnan Arafch told PHRIC:

I was ln thc cllr c srhen thc whole thhg started...aftcr a fcw mlnutca at Last 20 pcopl€ w€re rc*jt* by 9Jclrdc. met of th€m wcrc hlurEd ln tllc uppcr psrt of thcll body and ftDm the back wc arE a snax c[dc weiouU a" ."rftm for the irtoue cases 6ut io preparc thc'ivound€d to bG transfen€d lo th€ hospltql 'rvr"o""""a !/"" c"-nt""t"d tnrm€dtatclv aner th. 6iaft of th. shootlng to scnd ambulanccs. I also hcard thatni€'n rnutcs larer lt lthc ambutan.€l i{as at Uon s caG. but n lJas not alowEd to entcr at flrsl Thc llrst am-bulancc anlvcd 30 rInut6 latcr.

wttness€s d{fer on when ambulatrces began arrtvtrtg, but tt was somettne after II:OO' throughLlon s Gate.

tr. EIIACUATION OF WOI'NDED

9TIg EVTTCI,I|TIO!{UIIJIARTAdbuLlc. ilrttrrt r.pct d b.tDg ttoppcd rcpcat dfy .!d for Dtoldgcd D.dod6 bylcqttdtt fdcc'rt chcclpotntr .t LGn. c.tc b;oth

-o! cltry ua ilt' uy girnnrc .!d tcg gas tD -froat

of-thc

-ocqtra,

_and by clcclQ6tt along tie two-l'dlometer rcute to Maqass€d ard Augusta Vlctorta hos-

pltals on the Mourrt ofOllves and Mount Scopus.

Afthougb ln clcatty m$tcat vchlcfct anal rlrrbg whltG lrfiorn!, t$o nu aa r'n'l t lloctor sgt.lDlnrcd-by lfvr ardn$ltton E c GYacuatltrg o[ trcatltrt hrlrcit rt thc accla; onc of,tLG rurt€3sir rtot ta tlc UrcL Several ambulances weir shot at, Itghts and stens brolen' and ln one caseteam memb€rs taken out, strtpped of thelr whlte coats and aiEsted. At least thrce ambulances r€-ported belng dltectly htt by teat-gas ca sters.

EYTWTI!|ESA REFORTA EY UDIIICTL WORTEBS: ITETAIS, 'IEAR GAS rrNll IM ITMUInITIOT{One of the llrst ambulances at the scene was th€ ambularrce for the Red Crescent Patamedlc H re_ported repeated har:assment by soldiers at the enbalrce to the Haram:

The sanc soldl€r, a Druzc boderguard, afwa]€ stopP€d m€ at Uon s Gat€ to ask to s€e my llcense l don'tG.* *h"t tt *":"t"a. g" stopped'mc on at liast tcli dfferent trlpe and arcry ume hc kcpt mc two or thre€mrnutes, cvEn though I had sedously lnJurEd pcoplc wlth mc.

On twosatd:

of those occaslona at Llon's Gate. hls ambulanc€ q/as attacked tty soldters. Paramedlc H

\]|rc had thr€c jnlurrd wtth u3 Ingldc the ambulan.!, plus the dflver and Rv€ ln thc team. About 2o-3o soldlers

"iiip.a t-

"t rijtt c"tc ard shoutcd, curshg at u;. Stop the car. 1tum of th€ lghts Th€y nrfd at the. r€d

ll4lit_on toD ofmvvEhlcle, brokr thc slrEn (ll lt st l not wotkrng) and brok€ thc sloe b|rnl(cr' ln€y lorceo us.ilf.ilrr. l-ti.li"*. r askcd wherE wa3 thck omccr and on€ o-f rhem klcked mc tn rhe fact. r went back rn;td" th;;t ,lan;

'"d thcy torccd thrcc mcmbels of the team, all nurs€s or nurs$ ln tralning out.and

ti"i.f ut;q,ttit "*t

. I piDtcatcd orat t}lcf, arE ftom our tcam. Thev told us !o go we drdn't s€e what hap'

*""a t ttt"-. I told thc UiI and thc Red cn;3s who wErc outsldc. IAU wErc r€lcascd Mth'n '$ hours l

on the s€cond occaston, the ambulance was hlt ln th€ rear as tt passed tlrough the gate: tlr€ crevr

belreved it was hlt by a tear-gas cadstel.

PHRIC Reprt on the Udssacre oJ Po'lestlrt,'ns dt Al'Hatu/'r AI'Shm7J

In hrs amdavlt Dr. Teflq Abu Hawa, qrho opeEtes the Jerusalem ambulanc€ s€rvlce bas€d ln Ttri'sald hls ambulancr was-not stopped by sonels at the gate; h€ proceedcd past a prrvate car wlth anlnlured person rylng rn the back, arrd was told by People rn the car to proceed to al-Aqsa. Beiorereichrne the halfwav Dolnt. on the eastem rcad below the Dome ofthe Roclq Dr. Alru Hawa sald heheard "Iporadtc sh6o-tlr\g, I could tell lrom the sounds that a varlety of arnmunltlon was belngused."

Accordtng to nurse Fatmeh Abu Khdeti, who was a mernber ofAbu Hawa's team:

Th€rc w€rr many prrratc cars and ambulances evacuaung thc lnjurEd. A snlper was sttttng on a l€dgc ad.Ja-cent to the Chain_Gat . Hc was shootlnA a rltle. whlch had a telescoplc slght attached to lt. and thmwtngtcar-gas car stcrs.

To avold the snlper Bre, Dr. Abu Hawa pa.rk€d thc ambulanc! on the westem slde of the mosque,between thc arch6, and backed up to thc vrestern door of al_Aqsa mosque, vdth several hundredsoldlers about 20 meters ln ftont ofthe ambulance. Several other ambulances arrlved at the sametlme and, accordlng to vtdeo footage tal(en by a tourlst on the Mount of Ollves overlooldng thescene. the medical donvoJr was fimedlately arid @assfvely teargasscd. Accordlng to Abu Hawa:

A.s I cras putung thc ambulanc€ rnto 'pa* g€€r, thc toops bcaldc the Fountaln start€d shoothg to!,aids us. Irreard a iartedof ammrmltlon, includlng-lrrc bnll.ts, hlgh v€loclty landl rubb€r bulets and t ai-gas can-lst€is. The orc was very hcary, and contlnu€d lor about tn,o rnlnutes Thc shooung c,as almcd at the crowdstandl4 bets€en th€ ;rchca'and thc mosquc, a$d h pfftrcular at th€ one door of thc mosqu€ that x/as stllopen, whtch the ambulance was parked ln ftont of.

The team managed to evacuate el{lht s€rlously inJured people from the mosque. Abu Khdelr: "Ourwork was const-antly tnterrupted by soldters tho threw tear-gas canlsters at the rear of theambulance."

TWO NI'RSEA 9EOTAt approdmately 11:10, actordtng to nurse Fatmeh Abu Klrdetr, .hc srt h.tulc thc .mbuhnccbyln8 to glec qygcD to ooc of tha rornd.d eto s|r .Lo .tDhydrtcil ty tcu g.., ttcl rh. wra.hot h thc ud .!d ch..t bt . brLct whlcb pcrctntrd thc front vlnalrh.lcltl of thc .mbubncc.B€caus€ of the angle at whtch the arnbul,ance vrars parked, the source of llre could ody have beenIrom soldteG 20 meters dlrectly ahead. Another bullet htt the left slde of the ambulance, at floorlevel.

Dr. Abu grs. rr..hot h tlc bot tt r bdlct ftrglrc8t rr hc lcft tlc rnbulrlcc |ttd saot tnto thcm6que, ard Lsr SDalb!, alothcr mcmbcf, of thc ncdlcsl term, sgr ovcrconG by tcrr gar, dc'scrlbcd.s rc tblcl lndde thc .Dbubncc tb.t tbc tcan could lot tGG.

A nurs€ from Maqassed who at:rtved at the scene rdth th€ retum trtp of the same ambulance saldsoldters at the gate were thrcwtng tear gas. The team made lts way to the mosque. lllled the ambu_lance E'tth t€n severcV tnJured p€ople, and started the return trlp to hospltal:

I askcd thc othcr *ound€d onca to hclp sc, to hoH thc Mag and 3o on a! $,G drovc. I asked lonel to put hlshand on hts ncck lto stop bleedlng from a bdlet lnjuryl. Hc w.As nea y farntng &om the tear gas. ThGrmbulrncc rrr frnf of iorr g... -thc front whdodi irre shattcred a;d the tear gas hit and nlbd th€

Maqassed nurs€ MAR was worldng as a volunteer nurse at the cllnlc ln the Haram from earlymornlng. In hb a-ffldavtt, he satd:

At lor35 lmo.c llkely aft€r I ll wc r.cclvcd four p.oplc vrounded ftom gunflrE, the nrst martJT , and manyDcoolc suffcrlnq fiom tear-{a! lnhalatlon. Sorn body told us t}at th€r€ sll! ts,o lnluJtd FoPlc on thc uppcriier;f the rromc of thc Rocj( plaza" I grabbcd my rnedlcal bag and hcaded towsrd thcm. Attct rcrchl4 thc

'ourdcd, I.t rt d r il@ IV or dc Fl.on" suddcDly I tr3 hlt Dy r bulct h thc tlSht ddc oI my brct

r cf .rrfod.d hdd. .ttd tdr th. mLdc.' crdtd .cvclc hL.db8. A .csd brrl.t th.r ttr|Et E Hc'thc 6rtt 06., !..r thc .ptrd cord, I ltnd.dLtclt ftll rctt to tt3 Frto! tho I tr. trylng to .td tRibhirmud R.r.bll rb.l lrt r 6|rDd out hrd dr.d-

PHRIC Report on tl|" Massof,e ol Palestln/dr].s al Al-HotE.m AI.ShaA[

TEREAT OF 'NREST

OF II['I'NEX)As late as 12:30, the mosque was surounded by borderguards q'htle more thau 50 wounded andone dead {rere stlll fiElde. E€wltne$ M:

At 12:30 I saw about 50 bordd guardo at thc cntrancca, undcr thc archc!, of al-Aq9a doaquc. Th(y lrrcrE or-dertng th€ lnJurEd out onc by one so that thqt cotnd chcck tlElr IDs. Thcrc x'cr. alout four aDbulancc!. Sothe Imam of the mo6quc, Shclkh Moharnftd Husscln. told thc pcoplc not to opcn thc door.

Ambulanc€ worker H: ''The mosque was surrounded bJr border gua.rds. MoIe than 50 were lnjured,and at least one was d€ad, the man frorn Kharbatha lFawzl Shelkhl."

Nurse M descdbed the acene lnslde tlte ltrosquei

The soldlers stood there, ln a U-shap€, ln ftont of thc rnooquc and v/c po€ltloncd the thr€c aobulanc€s clo€crto the door so that we could try to tak€ the p€opb and c€capc. I srnt ln slth a mcdical team ,.. tkry sald som€ar€ wound€d, €om€one rs dytng. lllcy toLd us th.y would not op.n th€ doors so that th€ soldrcrs could get ln.'u/€ prcfer to bl€€d to d€ath rath€r than the soldlcF tak our bodlc6. wc tn!8t yo{r. H€lp us ln hcrE and glvc usm€dlcal supplr€s.'Therc werr about IOOO m€n iosldc,

Eventually those ilslde the mosque agrced that the Red Croqs and the IJN omdab prcsent shouldask the soldleF to allo{r evacuallon one-bv-one r'tth the Dromtse that no one would be beaten orhts tdenttty card conftscated. A€lreement !r;as reached wltir an Israel omcial, and an hjured per-son. wounded ln the back. volunteercd to be fiIst. A medical team nurse rec[unted:

As soon as we got out the door, the olnchl camc stral€ht towads us and st rt€d to stlck at hlm (thewounded)wlth hls trunchcon and rmcorrcrcd hlm on the s-tr€tchcr and wartcd to s.c thc wormd. So w€ sald,where ls the UN and the IGd Croes and,tour agrc€ment and ]our promtsc? Thc Red Cro6s lofrclal camc andhe sald, OK I Ju6t s€nt€d to scc htn.

A nuls€ sald he saw soldlers stop a pflvate car passlng thrcugh Ilon's Cate about noon. At leastlh€ lnjured people were talen from the car and forced lnto an Israell ambulanc! and taken away.It was not knourn lf th€y vrere taken to hospltal or a detentlon center.

At least thiee medlca worldng ln dlfferent ambulances descdbed resorttng to evacuatlng tie deadfrom the area by dlsgutstng them as lnjured persons or, sittlng them updght, as afilbulattce crewso that thelr bodles would not b€ se?€d by soldfers.

INTERI'ERENCE EN ROUID.AND AT IIO€PITAI.SOn the ftst of 15 trtps made by Par:amedic H, soldters stopped the ambulance between AugustaVtctoria hospltal and Maqassed hospital:

we were carrylng Burhan lhshour. A doctor had stoppcd us on the way and put ln an IV. B€cause h€ had ahcad wound, Augusta Vlctorla hdspltal told lr|c to takc hlm to Maqass€d, a four-mrnute trrp. I had thc slr.nand lights on and nuise Khalll Abu Ghanncm was gn'tng Ihahour rrsuscltatlon. W. vcrc rtoPFd by tntcchotdctgtr|d €.E br d lc..t IO mhdc..1tt('..ld, ttop. Put od thc lrEht, tbcrcb ao l|'IIy,'I.dd, ryc by..ofirco'rc dttr r hcrd lnjlry. IIc xltr d|..r Th.y r.l4 tt doc&t m tt r.'WG rrt! .hdrtbS rt crA otLr, ThcoIJur dItwG thc rdburrncc reCy. I told r[G tam, ht yota tad. dorf.r .. tb.y rhot rt |I"

Ambulance drlvers sald they took alterrrate routes to Maqassed h order to avold ndlttary check-posts where they lmew they would encounter delajrs. The ddvers trted to taLe the most serlous tn-Ju es, especlally head wounds, to Maqassed but wounded were also taken to other hospltals inJerusalem, St. John's Ophthalmlc hospttal and St. Joseph's, and Ramallah hospltal, becauseMaqassed was fu1I but also b€cause access to other hospttals was faster.

The head of Maqass€d's dtsaster cornmtttee, Dr. Darwtsh Nazzal, talked about the €fiect of dela'€devacuatrcn:

I think somc of thos€ who arn-ed dcad at hqsDnat could har€ tEcn rcsuacttated. but I don t know wherE thcdelay was. Was lt ln rcsuscltation ln the neld. cvacuaUng thcm? Somc. Judglng from thc klnd of tnjury,

PHRIC R€port on the Massrcre of palesflrJ:ans at Al-Haro:m Al-shatrf

could have bccn rcsuscitat€d - thc ch€st tnjurlca, malte some or thc abdomrnal lnlurrcs - if th€y had been€vacu:tcd !'€ry qulckly..., Sone of the ambutanc€s icrc pr€v€ntcd ftom enredng ;l_Aqsa, soni wcr. pre.venGd nom apprDachlng th€ hoBpital and werc senr tnst€ad to Augusla Vlctorta hosplrai.

firqilBcd hapltd srr rlso bft ry tcrr grr fuGd by bodcrgrrlrdlt Aom thc,tnect. Dr. Nazal s€ld:

Alaboul, r:OO.p.Dx. u,c had a probl€m In the hosptral. Tear gas eras bombarded lnto the marernty s€ruon,onhopedr s€ctron and emergcncy rooms. A, d|. alnr. I @t ld ,roa a,ar go to flE qnagqEy tto,,,n- Eilrryotr.oIut ie @.8r tult^ ctt lorqJroirr oa htr.D*. One arm $.as busy hotdng U,rs and th;orh; alm trlaunE thepaucnt. It q|as very dfftflnr. Unfortunarcly wc had no masks. wc aacuarid atr. i.at flnry and ofth&i,ottont to otll'r areos; newborns wc* translerrcd to the admlnlstrauon and to the Xb;ry. We only hadfans to h€lp clrculatc the alr. IScc also affdavlt of fathcr {UA )of ncwbom affectcd by gas.l

Borderguards also lh'ed rubber and marble bullets and llve am&unttlon tn the \.tcinity ofy:,q3"*d Manal RubIr HtJazl, 22, of Abu Dls. was shot wtth a marble bullet ln the rtght side ofner b-ack. causlDg extreme dtfitculty tn mo!'ing her ar.m. TWo PHRIC stafr members w;e also hltby a ha of rubter bullets outslde Maqassed at 3:3O p.m. Later that evenlng. troops flred ltve am_mur Uon lnto the hospltal guard stadon. graztng one of the guards on tbe lli.

t2

III. I'EATIIS

The folo\r'lng cas€ studtes of the k ltrrgs of l8 Palestl ans durtng the clashes at the Haran al-Sharf are based on iJrtervtews wlth eyewltn€ssB ard famtly members conducted by PHRIC lleld-workels. The abrosphere ofpanic and confuston whtch prevatled at the Haram durfig th€ clash€smade dellnlte lnformatton on the kflllngs of specftc indMduals dfncult to obtatn. In severalcas€s no eyewltness€s were identllled and thereforc there ls no tnformatton other than the factthat the person was present and dled by gunlbe at the Haram. In other cas€s there ls coDlLtc ngtestlmony. In these cases, we are elther publtshlru the more substantlated veFlon or pres€n rtgboth verslons. 'we have dlsregarded t€stlmonles from eyewltnes.s€s who saw someone killed buidtd not lmow thetr tdentttv.

. Bltttqr E tufh .abdut lr"-"o *t "ur.-

fsrhour, 19, dthe Old Cttyruerusal€m, was the IhstPalesttntan ldlled during the lnitlal clashes near the Mughrabt Cate, futwe€n lO:5O and 1l:OOa.m. . Accordlng to an eyervttness who was wlti Burhan when the clashes began:

we then heard thc sound of sh@tlng comrng ftom thc Mughmbl cate ar€a. Burhan went therc, and I fol-lowed hrm. I saw youths throwlng stoncs aathe loldleG, -and Bllrhan was ln the front row' Th€ sotdlssmoved backwads and the gatc was closed. Thcy then start€d shooung bulets and teaf gas trom theMahkana (couro bu drng as w€ll as ftom the hole ln thc Cate. I saw Burhan latl down near tlre-IslialDlc mu-scum, about 20 to 30 mcters fiom the Mugbiabr catc. t{rs broth€r Mustafa and othcr youths cart€d htn tothe Ka-e (fountaln for ablutlonol arca: hG bratE had comc our of hls h€ad. Whe; thcv lald him doernMustala ftaltzjed lt *€s hls brothcr. ard startcd acrcamtng. Mcanwh c I saw anotfrer perso'n tetng sfrot.

Burhan was shot ln the head *'tth a hlgh-veloctty bullet or bdlets. He s.as evacuated by ambu-lance to Augusta Vlctorta and then transferr€d to Maqassed hcspftal. The ambulalce was del,ayedby borderguards at a checkpoLt between the two hospttals for lO mtnutes, while a nurse caritedout CPR" (See Euaauatlon oJwourded.*ctlorr.l

Two other Palesttrlans were most ltkely kfled dudng the tntttal wtthdrawal and sntptng fromthe Mughrabl Cate aJ€a. They al]e:

. I\llrtrcr lbt hln llllncr Declt, 25, of Wadi Jozrucmsalem, was shot tn al-Aqsa plaza aft€r thelnlttal fatal clashes near Mughrabl Gate. Accordfng to hts farnfty, Nlrner attempted to asststBurhan Kashour afler he was shot lsee abotr'el and was htt by four bullets to thc eye, chest. ab-domen and hand. He nas taLen ln an ambulanc€ to Maqa*sed hoopttal.

. Faed 8arl.1 IBmr'|l thclth, &], ofKharbatha Bar{ fhrcth vtlage tn the Ramallah area, was shotat apprcrfnately I 1 :0O. Accordtng to an eJrewttness:

The loldre's started shootrng rubb€r bu[cts and t ar gas tox/ard.s us lat tOrSO or sol, and thc youths stonedthem. The soldlcrs llcd the ai€a- After that thq' rEturncd ltuough the Mughrabt Carc, sbooung at thc p€oplewho flcd tnsld€ al-Aqsa mosquc. I saw IIal Fawzl then and hc cAs not wiling to hurry tnsrd€ tiie mosque. -nestalt€d oublde so as to stonc thc soldlels w|th slones he had colectcd and put tn hts pocket!. I saw one of tb€soldicls Bhooung at thc pcople ln the fiont rcw and then I saw Fas,zl lall on thc g{ound, shaktng and ble€d-mg.

He was shot ln the head. Fawzl's body wars talcn lngide the mosque. Hls body remalned ln themosque untll evacuation at 12:30. He was later taken b'y ambularrce to Maqass€d hospttal.

The follosing deaths took place after borderguards and poltce launched thetr offenstue from ap-prordmately I 1:O5 onwards:

. Ib(rhlm Alt lbtahlm Frrhat ldlcldct, 16, ofshufatruerusalem, was shot *'tth sh bullets: one tnthe slde, one ln the neck, and four tn the legs. The shoot{ng, presumably by automauc flr'e, tookplace at the Nas (fountaln) area of al-Aqsa plaza. Accordhg to an eye\r'ltness, Ibrahtrn w-as shot at

P,-|}{T(-; KeSTI On rne MOSSACT9 Or lUlesnruarns Ot Al-firlmm At-snant

l3

PHRIC Repot on thg Ma$acre oJ P(Il9stiJr.t''ns d AI-Har?'m Al-Sftdrtt

apprordmatev I1:O5. The wttnesg esttmates that the nearest soldters were 20 to 50 meters away.Restdents carrted Ibrahlm to an ambulance and he was taken to AuEusta Vlctorla, where he wasdead on arlval.

. I'z Eddh J|b.r! UrbDoud ErDldch Y$tnl, 15, of Jerusal@'s Old Clty, was shot sometlrne be-tween I l:O5 and l1:15 in the south west secuon of the Dome of the Rock plaza, about ten meteisfrom the maln steps, Naim Sharf, a 38 year old e)'ervltness, told PHRIC:

Pcople w€rc shoutlng for h€lp bccausc thcrc $/Erc many injudes. I w€nt to the plaza of th€ Domc of thc Rockfro;r th€ sldc of thcthah c-ate. cartrldg$ wcrc Ilke iand on thc ground. Yaslnl was tunnlng behlnd ma Iheard hlm scrcaIn and stopp€d to scc what had happen€d. [H€ waB shor sith slx bul€ts to thc h€ad, ch€st,abdomen and hgs.l I bcnt adwn to carry hl-mi bu et! cam€ from thc rlght and a glrl n€xt to us tAbla Natsh€lwas shot ln thc elbow and f€tl on my back. I wcnt on to thc gate of the Dome ot thc Rock. and then tumedback to gct Yaslrf. Shoothg !/as coitng from the Mahkama- I put a hand lmd€r Yaslnfs ncck and the otheraround his back so as to ltt hrm- Another D€Eon lzakr Natshcl tri.d to hdp mc and s/as shot tn the palm. Iaround hls baca so as to ,m t|rm- Anotlrer Flson Lrrafil Naucard€d Yallnl on mv shouldcr and a bullct hlt mc ln the

lzakl Natshcl tri.d to hdp mc and s/as shot tn the palm. Icard€d Yallnl on my shouldcr and a bullct hlt mc ln the pehds. I ran. Yaslnt on my shoulder, lvtth thelnjurEd glrl holdlng my hand and the lnlur€d man wlth hrs lcft hand on my shouldcr. Wc rcached th-e gate oIon my shouldcr. Wc rcached the gate ofttic ltorr€ of the Rock and p€ople put us ln a Fod van and drovE us out Llon's Gate and to Maqas!€d hdsplta.l.

Yastri was allve in the van, but dled on arrlval at the hc\spltal.

. Uuar abdul Eiall lf,urshait sslltl, 27, ofthe OId City ofJerusalem, vras shot sometine betweenI l:O5 and 11:3O between the Dorne of the Rock and the Chatn Gate. An ambulance drive! who wasnear the cllnic heard calls for asslstance for an itrlured p€rson. He went to the spot wlth asfetcher: he says that Musa had been htt tn the slde by at least one bullet. As he carrled thestretcher back towards tie cllntc they were shot at. when he put the stretcher down he saw thatMusa had be€n blt tn the head. Another eyewltness says that the shot to the head was flred by aYerted borderguard omcer standln{l on the wall near Chaltt Gate. Accordlng to the farrrtly, therewas also a wound in the back lt ts not lolown lf lt was an entry or erdt wound. Musa was taken byambulance to Maqassed hospttal.

. Rlbbl S.6.! thdch Amourt Rrr.bl, 6r, restdent of Dahlyat al-Barild/Jerusalem, was shotsomethe between 11:O5 alrd I1:2O. Accordtqg to hts nephew, Rrbhl and a neighbor trled to nee thearea when the heaw shootlng began. However, when they were about ten meters from the clock.on the stalrs leadtng to the Dome of the Rock, they were asked to come help an tnJured youth.when Rlbht approached the youth he was shot: lt ls not known from v/here the bullets came, but as'itness clalrns that soldlers ln a helicopter opened nie. Rlbht fell. but then managed to mo\re to-wards a medlcal team, who flEnedtately attached htrn to a glucos€ drlp. A member of the team,Mohammad Abu Rayalt, was shot twlce ln the back as he aided Amourl. Fartlly members sayAmourt was hlt by four bullets: one ln the ftont which penetrated near the healt, and three ln theback, whtch exlted lealtng lar:ge holes. Rtbht'g body was taken to Augusta Vlctorla hospital in aprlvate car.

. Maldt Abd Emctd.n Tahr Abu S!€bch, 17, ofthe Old Ctty of Jerusalem, was shot at aroundI t:2O near the Bab al-Majlts (hson Cate) tn the al-Aqsa mosque plaza. Accordtng to hts famly,there were llve bullet holes ln hls chest, whlch exlted from hls back, leavlr€ l,arge holes. Youthscarrted MaJdt's body, whtch was then evacuated to Maqassed hospttal tn an ambulance. As theambulance was leavlnli the Hamm area, soldters shot at tt wtth llve aununltlon and tear gas.

. Adtra! Blahf thtelrt Jlmdl, 28, ofTamra 1' lage tn the Galilee/Israel, was shot by three hlgh'velocity bu[ets in the abdomen and llver. He was shot at approxlrnately I l:2O ]t'htle rn the plaz,aof the Dome oI the Rock He was taken by ambulance to Maqassed hospital. where he was dead onarrlval.

. Majdl Nrthml Ml6bsh Abu Sbcth, 17, of al-Ram/Jemsalem. was shot by two ltue bu[ets in thechest and abdomen area at appmnmately ll:30. He was ln the plaz2 of the Dome of the Rock nearthe Chatn Dome. An eyeMtness stated: "I saw hlrn lMaJdtl shot ln the front of hts body. Anotheryouth near hlm was shot ln the head. Youths then carrled them both away." Majdl was carrled out

14

PHRIC Report on the Mossacre o! Po'lest/frlans d Al-Ha'ru'n Al-ShanJ

by Huttah Cate and taken to Augusta Victoda hospital ln a prtvate cat: youths told the farl ly thatMajdt dled whle he was belng canted out of al-Aqsa.

. Jral|r Mohammait Rdch Jadu Zahdch, 24, of al-Tur nelghborhood li Jerusalem. was shot some_tlme between 1 I :3O and rroon. He was shot by two hlgh-veloctty bulets tn the head and chest whtleln the area b€tween th€ Kas and the steps leadin€ to thc Dome of the Rock He was taken to AugustaVtctorta hospltal h a private car.

. .fym|n Muhyl Ltrlt! A|I ShrEl, 18, of the wadl Joz quarter of Jerusalem, was shot tn the plazaof t-Aqsa mosque. near the Kas (fountatn for ablutlons) at approtdmately 11:5o. Youths told thefamtly ihat Aynian was beaten by borderguards, and plcked up aI lron bar to defend htnself Hewas itren snoi rn the neck from i dtstanci of about ftve meters. He was carrled out of the area byyoutls, and taken ln an ambulalce to Maqass€d hospltal, where he was dead on ar:rtv'al.

. urrrrln Eu6scltt zrhri! Mathtoub, 52, of Obelbeh vllage tn the Rarnallah dtstrict. was shotand killed at around l2:3O ln the Huttal Gate area. She and her son werc tr]dng to escape from thear€a, and lirerc runnlng. A hellcopter was flylng oi€r head. Maryam was struck ln the eye: accord-Ing to a doctor, her masstv€ and depiessed skull lrrJuty was most ltkely caused by a blgh-velocltybu[et or bullets. She was talen to Maqassed hospltal.

There ls no lnformation avallable on the tlrre or ci.rcumstances of the ldltng of the followtl:rgthree Palestlnlans:

. Ibrehlm abdcl grdcr Ghunb, 31, ofwadt Joz, Jerusalem, was shot tn the chest {'tth two buletsq'htle ln the upper tter of the Dorne of the Rock pla"a. opposlte the pollce statlon. He wasevacuated by ambulance to Maqassed hospltal.

. Uohammrd.lrLfYrsln Etd abu s!€lnch, 30, ofxhattl. was shot wtth three bullets whlle near al-Kas area. He was hlt ln the neck. head and left arm. He was taken llr ajr ambulance to Maqassedhospttal, whele he was dead on arrlval.

. Abdcl xrrlE uoh|mmcd werrad za'atach, ,1O, of Jebel Mukaber lrl Jemsalem. was shot by llveammunltlon and taken to Maqassed hospltal. The hospltal dtd not record the place of tr{ury' andthe fam y had no addltional Liformatlon.

Shat bg Isra.elj- CtD Ia. SsIt; ,Ahmcd Baddrwl BAsHl, 24, of th€ Old Ctty/Jerusalem, was shot trr the chest tty an Israelclvlllan in the Chr:tsttan quarter of th€ Old City some t|Ine between 12 and l2:3O; he died lnHadassa.h hoBpltal on October 24. Accordlng to a sworn statement ta.ken from an eye$'ltness:

I had bcen atandlng at thc comcr lln th€ Chdstran quarterl for about ttve minutes when I sas' a rnan *dklngv€ry last or runnlng ftom the dlrectton of thc Russlan Chu.ch. He passed b€tween two settlers vtho vr€r€waikrnq toEether in'thc sajne dlrccuon. Thus h€ catDc up to th€m from bchlnd. Thl,s hapFned ln front ofmc. ab;ut-nve met€rs awav. At th€ samc tlmc I heard shouts ln Hcbrcvr, 'Moi€, Movc'... Immedlately aft€rthe shouts I hcaid a slng6 shot from thc samc place. lThc wttne$s dcscrtb€d the two cMllans as wearlngldppot whlch wcrc whltein thc c?nt€a wlth a thln r€d and black border. Sallm then fe[ on the ground andtlrc \rltness trtcd to asslst hrm.lOnc of tlrc sctdcr€ $a3'rtry rcd tn thc fact and I assumcd that h€ Eas the onewho had shot thc man. Hc now pointcd hle plstol at the Daan on thc $ourd. I sald to hrrn tn H€brE* Youha"e donc yourjot'.'

A gloup of tourtsts then appearcd, and the two cMllans disapp€ared. The police are lrrvestlgatlng.

l5

IV. SITE AITD XIND OF GI'NSEOT INr'I'RIEA

IEE DIA)

glxtccr of thc Pdcrdnlrna lltrcd ln thc Err.n vclc rhot rlth hlgh-vcloclty admlddon (t.e.travels at 8OO-l0OO metera per s€cond) whlch shatteEd on tEpact wtthln the body, lt:r most cas€sleavtng large erdt wounds caused bJr bone and metal fraghentg 'fhe shattcrtng rcsultcd tn exten-stve vascula! d'mage wlth tcunedtate and consfderablc loas d blood.

EXcvcn of thc llllcd *dc ,hot nuluDlr tlmcr rtth hlgh-vcfoclg rmtoudtlon; tie tlvo,'ounge3tIdled, a 15 year old alrd a 16 year old, werc hlt by sk buflets each, frorn head to legs.

Elcvcn of thc t||lc.t rccctrcd d !c$t otc blll.t h tha hcrtl/rccl: two sufered head wounds sofiIasslee that the numb€r of bu[ets could not be deterrrned,

One of thos€ ldIed, 61 year old Rlbht Rajabt, had threc entry n'ounds h the back tn addtflon to anentry wound llr the ch6t.

FtftccE of tlqc H[ed Etc rhot h tnc upFr tdrq thc .lrtlcdt! attad fii@ .! .bd@hd lq|urf/.The sfte of Inluiy for the seventeenth vlctlrn, Abdel Xarltn Z.a'atlth. could not be detcrmined fromavallabl€ tnformauon.

lEE I!T.'I'RED

Aknost aI of the casualu€s ftom the October 8 events ln thc Haram were tEated ,n one of the fourprtvate Jerusalem hospltals: Maqassed, Augusta Vtctorla. St. Jo6€ph's and St. John's Ophtlralmtc:

* ConrUtlon

17 dead from gunshots60 ,t{ured, pllmadlr from gunshots, adn(ted to hospttats160 rcgbterEd outpatterrts (gunahot, gas, rubber and plasttc bullet lr{udes)l[oQL inJured. not Egtste.edSSZr I\matrl hJlrlc. bc.tcd rt Ddydc .tcrur.IcE ho.plt b

At least two Palestlntals are lstown to have been admltted to Hadassah hospnal wtth gunshot tn-Jurtes. (Saltm Ahmed Xhaldt. from tlle Old CnylJerusalem, dted ln Hadassah hospttal October 24of a gunshot wound recelved outslde thc Har-am October 8.) lnJuied peoplc lreE also brought toouuytng hospttals ln Ramalah and B€thlehem but cagualty figrrEs are not available.

Uaqqrscd go.plt I, Illo|mt of Ollvcr

* Conilltlon

I d€ad on airtval from gurshots2 dled moments a.fter arrtvalS cascs adrnltted from al-Haram al-Sharf70 outpattents (25 trangferr€d to othcr hospttals for lack ofbeds)

Cases Adrfited, dbdn wtuch ttJdit@io'r l'].Jqs rele.d:1. Llve ArDmunltlon (IA ) femun rcquf€d dralysb fn ICU 16 ycars old2.1A. hn€ 22 years old3. Pl,asttc bulet feEur 2l years old4.IA arm. chest 38 v€ars old

PHRIC Report on tlp Massof,/? oJ ftbst|,lans al Al-Halqm Al-Sha{t

E

PIIRIC Rept on tte Massa(i.e oJ Ita'lesdn/'ans al AI'Ho'mm Al-sh4rf

5. Pl,astic bullet6.IA7.ta8. tA9. tAIO.IAII . IAt2. r,AI3. Plastic bulet14. lA15. Plasttc bulet16. tA17.t418. lAf9, Rrbber bullet20. Plastlc bullet21. IA22. tA23. rAS(24.t425. Tbargas26. B€ating27. Rrbber buuet

gtnple oJ Cases1 LA, Rrbb6bnllet2. beatttg3. tA4tA

' IA5(

6.IA

& IA2(9.IAIOIAltlA12.tlauIlra13IA 2Xl4lAIsJAr6jA

Atgurt ltlctdL xo.Ett Lft.ScopE:

condttton

d€ad on arrlv"alcas€s admltted. mostly gunsbot {2 transferred)outpatients (,14 rubber bullet and beatlng ljrjud€s, requldng stltchtng; 20 tear-gas lnhalauon)

*

t274

et\dEttEdVSEtrnr/grd!€rdry fttrn bad. to abdcmen&(r',fun.rSEltkakrE lhardahfurmuluple aMomlrral lr{urtesfoEarm; altlrutatlon neatssaryaEnnaesttEFffitltlghhlrrgchest*/ch€sd€$/@ntulqechest parn; CCUabddxdraf palrrback of slbuldei paiasthesla

Iace, abdomen ald armhead (concussion) and facepehds/thlgh, head traurnadllver {transferled to Maq.}shoulder/muluple fractureabd@x wristabdfist ard ch€$chest (transfeEed to Maq,)brdiodsbce and bdd6ce, qEabdanen and peh'igfootkneeankle

20 years old,() lrcats old16 years old25 yea$ old12 yeais old31 Jr€ars old28 year old23 years oldA3 years old20 years oldla

'€ars old

3,:i years old18 years old19 years old18 years old15 yea$ old

24 years oldu ].ears old30 jnears old50 ]"ears old22 years old22 years old

5l '€ars

old26 years old17 years old37 years oldl7 years old34 lrcars oldl7 yea$ oldl9 ]"ea1" old23 yeaF old27 years old26 years old36 ]€ars old15 years old

Tvo-tbtrd! oa tho.. rdDlttld to hdpltd hrd llFtht€.trlf|'g hJuttt to thc bcad 6 trunt.Several of th€ ltrnb tqJurles w€re also lfe-thftatenlng because of the extensive tissue damage andloss of blood.

Accddrr! to lrr. Rlrtr8 unrrl Chl.fof(XboDodlc $lgcry rt Maqrascd, wlo opdlet donmo.tof thc lutrrhot fDJurtct, thc alta of Erly of thc llrurlcr si! q)pcr torto r.nd hcad, and mrny ln_Jurb. srrc frod tlc b.cl:

dl thp Mo,ssar7e of Palestinlo.ns at AI-Ho'ra'm

Thcrc has bcen qultc a dclbcrate shoot-to-kltl potlcy. IVr ne,,rr sccn half a hcad blown otr by a hlgh-velocIty bull_ ct such as vrc saw... or bratng comlng ioh thetr mouths bccausc a bullet wEnr rtght thiDugd'thc faceand the ba8c of thc skull b damagcd.... As for pcoplc lnJurld clscwhcrE h thc body - Imbs, cheat and ab,domen - thre trourrhs havc bccn htqh-vclocttv a;d ttic ltst Fom low-vclocltv D6uc bullcts shor at closcrangc. both produclng devartatlng lr{urlcs. Many of th. paUcnts havc tnliiis In tletr backs. llkc t}tescapulac ln the back thc back6 of forcarms and arDB. Maqr wcrr shot wrth morc than one bultct: tt look_sllkc anlptng.

The second person Dr. Abu Hayra treated lnstde the mosque was a 'oung

rnan who had b€en shot tnthe back tt€ was descrlbed as belng in hts fir,€ntl€s and havtDg a beard:

He xras Vng on hls back and moanhg ln scv€It Faln ftom thc lnlurt.s he sushrned. I rcrnoved hts clothesand found two tojur{cs, onc ar hrs lcg on whlch I put a ioumrquel He also had a gunohot wbund, probablyftom a lN€ bullet. ln hla bach ln thc lcft scapula or shouldcr blad€. I turned htJn on hls bclly and wc packedthc wound. Hc n|aa very pa.le du€ to tlrc bss ofblood.

As for the range of shootirg, Dr. Nurnan determlned that tt was clos€ mn€le:

I thlnk thetr vere shootlng fiom lO to l5 rneters...from thc encnt of th€ tnjud€s, rhc extent of the wound,how blg lt l3, the d.tcnt of thc bone damagc, thc tjpc ofqround tt leav€s. lvhen I'ou arc hlt wlth a htgh-vcloc-tty or plasttc bulct at clo!€ rang€ most of thc tlg3ues arDund thc cnlry wil b€ danagcd, notjust the bones,and lncludlng musclcs, v€ss€ls and nenrs.

Thc pattcm of m|!y ofthc t4urlc. Ir clear cvtdcscc that crccaalec 6rc Dosrr *as uacd by the 6c.cudty forcca agalnat worshtpcrr. One lnjurcd marr, 23 yea$ old. was lrlstde al-Aqsi nrosque andstandlng behlnd the maln door when securtty forccs trled to shoot thelr way llrstde. A largewooden splltrter shot out of the door and p€netrated hts shoulder and arm area. He required tw!opemuons to close the wound. A 20 year old laborer fiom a F€rnallah area !'ILage was also shotlrBtde the mosque: he rece{ved a hlgh-veloctty bullet tn th€ arm shot at close raig€.

A 24 youth from tlle Hafa area. lnstde Israel, was shot as he entered the mosque: he u'as htt wtthtb.ree bullets, ln tl|e che3t, shoulder and arm. at a dlstanc€ estftnated to be 15 meters.

One of the tnJured, 51 years old, was apparcntly shot by a huntlng r{l€; phystctaDs at AugustaVlctorla treated mor€ than a do"-€n sma.ll pellet-llke tnjur.tes on one slde of hts body.

l9

LIST OF OONIINUEI' XIIUM}AEr lSnaEL SDCIJRTTT FORCES IrY AI'EARAU ALSEARIF OCTOEER a, 1@O

APPENDIX I

hgh veloctty, shatterlig on trnpact.

r. Rbtrl tlasan Amrnl R4abl 6r

2.Iz qldinJrhad Hamld€h Yadd rs

3. FEttz Husseln HunfAbu Sndneb la

a. iiajdl Nathd Mrsb€h Abu SMh, 17

5. Aylan Muhyl Eddn Ax shaml, l8

6. MaJd Abd llmeldan Abu Sn€ineh" 17

7. Budlan Eddtn Abdd Rahrmn Isshour, l9

8. Jadu Moha.m€d R4dr Za}dctl' 24

9. Ibrabrn Abdd gader Ibrahrm churab, 3l

lo.Ibrdhlm Alr Farhat Idlcidck 16

lr.Maryam Huss€ln Zahrar Ma&htoub, 52

l2.Mohamrrcd ArtfYa8rn Abu sietneh, 30

r3.Nlm€r Ibrahrm Ntn€r Ds,EIq 25

l4-Adnan Khalaf Shtclctt Jtiad. 2a

ls.Musa Abd€l ltadt MuEhad S*tltr, 27

l6.Fas,zr Sa'ld Isrna'{ Slrcikh, 63

lTlbdcl l(arijn Mohmd lvarrad Za'atreh, 40

Note: All Uve amunttton (lAl was

NAME, AGE

Kltled. bg IstaeLI Ctntuan In Chrlstlen

la.sahn AhrrEd Baddawl thaldl, 24

INJI'RY

IA,rX 3t(back/lx dre3t

lA 6[a h.adldc6r/abd/l€s

lA D.ck to Lahr

lA 2a dEt/abd.rncil

lAn *toha*

IA5<K

lAshatt rld H

IA 2( dEsq/b€ad

lA2Xtu

IA 6X ne*/stte^gs

IAtnassnlc b€ad lr{ury

IA (h.adln f,k/Tm

RE{IIDEIICE

DaldatBarrdruERUSALEM

Old CItyTERUSALEM

Elzzar:rych/JERUSALEM

Ra.trr/JERUSALEM

wadr JoZTDRUSALEM

Old CIty/.TERUSALEM

old CItyTERUSALEM

TUT-Za'ImruERUSAIEM

wadr JoZIJERUSALEM

Shu'faI/JERUSALEM

Obctb€h/RAMALI-AH

KIIAUL

lA,D( cyrlchcst/aHomen/hand lvadt J@/JERUSALEM

IA3Xab&rEr Tamra/CAULEE

lA 2x b€ad/s!:t€lpo€€. back Old CIIy/.'ERUSALEM

IAD(H Kharbatha/RAMALIAH

IA (sttc of lnjury rmccrtatn) Jeb€Mukaber/BETflLEHEM

Suartet At Sone Tune as EDefits al a!'Haram alsh<1r{:

IA ch6q shot ty cMl- old CItyTERUSALEMdreaecd pcrson ln Chrtsttan Ouarter:dtcd h tladasgah on 24lro

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20

APPENDIX 2

BIOCRAPHIES OF PA,EgTINIANE IqII.EDOII AI'EARAM.'L.SEARIF OCTOBER A. I99O

Burhan EdaU! AbdulRahman Abdulsrlam Kaabour, 19, llved ln the Sa'dtyeh quarter of the OldCtty of Jerusalem. He fintshed secondary school last year and had applled to colleges and uni-versltles ln the Untted States. He ltued wlth hts father Abdul Rahman, 6(), who is retfed, hlsmother Falqa" and hts brotheF Abdul Salam, 23, Shakker, 20, and Mustafa, 18. Burhan was anaccompllshed sportsman, parucuLarly iI €Srmnastlcs and karate, and prayed at al-Aqsa everyday. He was burted ln the Bab al-Asbat (Lton's Gate) cemetery. Boder€iuards cut an electricity cableto Burhan Eddtn's famqy's house on October 8, after hts death, to prevent the pla]'tng of the guranthrough loudspeakers; they ratded the farntly'q home on Clctober 10, 13 and 15, fired tear gas.causlng s€veral lnjurles, arrd forced the famly to remove flags ard pictures of Burhan Eddin.

Faycz Huaacln Husnl ,bu Sneln€h, 18, was bom ln Sllwan, Jerusalem, and llved in nearbyEzar:tyeh. He u'as a student at the Jerusalem College of Science and Technolog/. Hls brotherMoharDmad dted ln Febmary 1988 at the age of 21, affer being teargassed durhg clashes at theHaram al-Sharlf. Fayez was burted ln the Lton's Cate cemetery.

I\l|mer lbrrhlD Nlm€r Dwelk, 25, was bom and llved ln Wadl Jdz, Jerusalem. Nlrner llved \dth hlsfather, lbrahtm, 58, a shop workei, hls mother Sallllrah. 47, hls brother Basem, 20, and his sis-ters Wafa, 26. Samaher 13. aJrd Rasha, 5. He worked as a lanltor at the Hvatt hotel. Nlmer wasburted ln the Llon's Gate cemetery. After the funeral, soldte-rs llred llve am;udtlon and tear gasat mourneB ln the family's house, frluring seventeen people.

Frwzl Sa'ld Isma'll Shell(h, 6.3, was a larmer from Kharbatha Banl Hareth, Ranallah. He wasmarrled $'lth seven ch dren, Nlhad, 37, Nasslrah, 33, Rtzaq, 30, Mohammad, 27, Abdul Sarni, 25.Musltmah, 23 and Musllrn, 22. From 1969 to 1976, Fawzl was a factory worker. then spent slxlrarc in prlson before returr{nll to work on hts land. In 1988. one room of the famlly house wasdemollshed because lt was unllcensed. Several tlrnes durlng 1988 and f989, the house was at-tacked by armed settlels who opened flre and damaged water tanks, wlndorrs, fur:nlture, trees andother property. Fa&zi was buded ln the !'Ilage cemetery.

Ibnhlm Alt Fart t ldl.ldck, 16. from Shufat, Jerusalem, was a h&h school student, who had iustfi shed hts GCE exams. He llved wlth hts farnly: hls father and mother, hts sislers Alya, 23.Rana, f8, Nurin, 15 and Amanda, 12, hts aunt and grandmothea. He was buried tn the Lton's Gatecemetery after soldlers attempted to talre the body from the farr y house. On September I l, bor-dergua.rds surmunded the house and llred tear gas at mourners, then fired mbber bulets at youthswho staged a prctest march from the house, lnjurlng several people.

Izz Eddb Jh.d l|.heoud Haetdch Yaslnl. 15. was born in Bethlehem and lived r'tth hts nrother.father and slx brctheG and sisters aged 2. 8, 9, 11, 13 and 17 in the Old Ctty of Jerusalem. Aftersixth grade. Izz Eddln left school and worked as a carpenter. He was burted tn the Llon's Gatecemetery. Soldiers harrassed mourners who carne to pay thelr respects at the farnily's house.threatened and lnsulted Izz Eddtn's fan lv. ard trled to shoot lnto thelr house. Settle6 tore do*'nthe ptctures of lzz Eddln whtch werc hun€ioutslde the house. Izz Eddln recelved an eye jruury whenhe was hlt by a tear-gas canister ln 1987. and was beaten by soldters tn 1987 (Iractured right leg).beaten by borderguards in 1988 (fractured left foot) and beaten dudng nve days detention inMoscoblya pollce compound tn August 1990 (fracturcd rtbs, rtght leg and dght hand).

Muse Abdel Esdl Murahrd Bwcltl was 27, ltved tn the Old City ofJerusalem and worked as a la-borer. He llved wlth hls mother Rablha, 60, hts brothers Omar. 37, Mel. 22. Saber, 20, and Sarnl,16. and hls ststers Maba,23, Azlzeh,38, Falzouz, 34, Nufouz, 3l and Nuha, 25. Hls sisters Hayel.42, a']d, ZIad,, 35 ltve abroad. Musa was burted ln the Llon's Gate cemetery. Soldiers raided thefamAr hous€ hr'tce after the funeral, and flred tear gas tnto lt on September 12; Musa's brcthe$Adel and Sant n'ere detatned for one day after the funeral.

2t

PHRIC Report on the M4ssdct€ oJPalesflnrans a1 Al'I{atatn At_ShartJ

Rtbht E.s.r ADoud R.J.bl was 61, born in Jerusalem and lti'€d h Daythat al-Bartd' Ramallah.He was a v€getable merchant before he rettred, and Lved *'lth the eleven members of hls familyHe n'as burted ln the Lion's Gate cemetery. After the funeral, Rlbhl's house was ralded severaltlrnes, resldents were forced to lemove nationaltst sjrmbols, and the area around the house wasplac€d under curfevr.

MqJdf rbcd Emcfd.n Abu slctDch u'as l7 ''ears

old and ltued ln the old Ctty ofJerusaletr. He wasorlgha[y from Khall, and left school after slxth gr"ade and worked as a tumer' He llved with hlsmother Iltdal and father Ab€I, a liaborcr, slsters Strtyeh, 22, Samar, 13, Sana, 9 and Suha' 4 arrdbrothels Hmetdan 20. Nazlh, 11, aJd Amer, 4. H€ was burled ln the Llon's Gate cemetery. Botder_guards raided the famfiy's house several tlmes alter the funeral, folced them to rcmoYe national_tst symbols and thr€atened to arrest MaJdl's father and brother.

Adna! xhrhf thtclsl .tunrdt was 28 vears old. a (rocer, and llved ln Tamrah. Galflee' lnstdeIsrael. H€ llved v/tth hts wlfe Mryasd. 28: hb Iour mo-nth old daughter Flrdous, hts lather Khalaf'50. a securlty suatd. hls mother Shoqah, 47, and brother Mustafa, 25. AdrEn was burled ar a hrgefuneral at KhJed Sharf cemetery. whlch was controued by hundreds of pollce and borderguardsand a pollc€ helicopter.

Maldl NathEt Utsbrh abu Sb€lh was l7 years old aIrd lrved ln Fam, Jerusalem. He worked tn hlsfatier's sweets shop and ltved $'lth hrs 25 menb€r famtly, tncludhg hls brotherc Majed, Nttham,Soud and Ramadan. t s mother sald Majdt loved chtldren and was alwa]'s laughlig He playedfootbal for the Btlal mosque tealr. He was bufled in the Rarn mait 'rs' cemetery.

Jrdu Motadd.d RaJ€b J.du zqldch was 24 and llved ln Tur, Jerusalem He left school alterfourth grade arrd worked as a laborer. He llved wlth 13 members of hts family: hls brother Adnanls undei a slx year prison sentence. Jadu was burted tn Shetkh Arrbar cemetery. Soldiers opened0re near moumers who carne to pay thelr respects to the falnfly but no one was injured.

AyErn Muhl lddtn All Shaml was 18 and from Wadi Joz, Jerusalem. He completed htgh schoollast year and planned to study abroad. He ltved \r'tth hls father Muhyi, 54, who works for Save theChtldren Fund, his mother Taghrld, 44, and his slsters Arma, 23, Amant, 21, Ilham, t9, andbrothers AmJad, 16, who was detalned on the day ofthe massacre ard ts sttll i)] detentlon, As'ad,t4 and Inas, 13. Alanan enJoyed kar"ate and calligraphy. He was burted tn the Lion's Gate ceure-tery. Soldiers dtspersed prolest marches held outstde A)'rnan's house on September I I, and sev-eral people were tnjured by rubber bullets and teat'gas,

Matjr.m Eus3cln Zrhtrn Malhtoub was 52 aJrd lked tn Obelbeh, Raaallah. She was marrled\r'tth four sons and one daughter. She was burled durlng a curfew ln the !'lllage cernetery.

Ib hld Abdcl gader Ibrehlm Ghurab (Abu Hal<am) was 31, llved tn wadt Joz, Jemsalem, andworked as a plctire framer. He ltved ll'lth hts wfe Sahar. 24, his four chtldren Hakarn, 7, Hablb' 5'Riiad, 4 and Mohammad, 8 months, hls mother ftarDzlyeh, 65, and hts brothers Nayei 23, andSamlr, 21. He was burled ln the Llon's Gate cemetery. On September 10. borderguards llred tear gasand rubber bullets to dlsperse a memorlal processlon for Iblahirn, raided Ibrahh's house' andforced hls brother to remove all natlonallst slrnbols.

uohaaoad Artf Yrsln Eld Abu Snclneh (Abu Sameh) was 30 years old and llved ln Khall *'lthhls wlle and four chlldren. He worked as a trader. He was burted jI the Sawaireh cemeteryBoiderguards beat mourners who went to pay thelr respects at the house of Mohammad's mother-ln-law, and set up a checkpoltrt to try to prevent mourners enterlng the house.

abcd Mohammad watrrd za'rtrch was ,1O years old and llved ln Jebel Mukaber, near Jerusalem(Bethlehem dtstrtct). He was a constructlon worker and had two sons. He was burled fi:r Mukabercemetery.

saltE Ahmad Brdawl xlaldl was 24 years old and llved wlth hts five member fanfly tn the OldClty ofJemsalem. He worked as a mechardc.

APPENDIX 9

TnANSCTRIPT Or CAIIS FROU lxE ALAgSA MO{igLE

Thts ts a transLatton of the transcrlpt (odgrnalv ln Arablc) of the calls from the Al-Aqsa Mosqueon 8 October, 1990, whtch were recorded on vldeo talrc. All commenb made ln brackets are @rre_spondfng eocnts seen or heard on the tape. 'fh€ tape begtns at lO:53 a m. and ends at about I l:27a'rn. the_sorrna o{ spea}ers from the moique can be heard as the ddeo slarts' but the words are notcleai untll l1:10 a.m.

rO:55 - (Lu[ tn the shoott!€)

I I :OO - (atrst slren heard; last shots oI poltce retreat)

f f:O4 - (Sniplng, pqs"sfby coEtng lrom Mahkana butldtng)

11:O5 - {Shoottng tnten$nes, posslbly the begtnnlng of pottce assault on the Haram)

1 I :O7 - (S€curtty forces inslde Hamm compound)

1l:1O - "Do not shoot at the Moslems, or at the plaza. Do not shoot Moslems ln thelr holyplace...we conslder the Israeli authorltles rcsponslble for this shooung and for ev€rtthing hap-penhg tn Al-Aqsa.

(1 l: I I - ffrst ambulanc€ app€ars ,n plaz.a)

1 I : 12 (Ffst ambulance teargass€d)

11113 - "I ollress the lblLe c@nnatTd.er pleas€ ask your troops to stop shoottng. Please stop thektllinq. There are mani wounded p€ople and marry people lillled as vtell. We conslder you r€spon-dble ?or the lolltrlgs ariO euerytfrrng ttiat ls happeritng here under all clrcumstances l dddress theurif"'n"' co rt .rd. ttte mos{t e. lie dorr t *"if tbe mosque and ttre plaz,a to become a battlefleld'We want the mosque to be t€ated as a mosque and the pollc'e should respect the holiness ofthesemosques. I reque3t the doctors, nurses, arui anAaances to cone otrd quk*14 tre@t uE tttounded'w; h;ld the b;aet authorlu€s req)onslble for all that ls haPpenlng. we wont accept bloodshed tnthis place. Thts ts a holy place. Flease stop the shoottng. There are wounded people who needhelp...

1f ;15 - "I'm asldng the pollce corrEnander to stop the shootlng and to come -and

speak *'ith us wewelcome you. Il/e "dont;ant bloodshed. I ask th€ pouce to stop shootlr€ bullets and teai gas Thtsts a mosque. Pleas€.

1l:16 - 'ltr/e ask the doctoF. nurs€s, and alibuliances to corne and helP the wounded. we ask tfle po_Itce corDrnander to glve orders to stop the shootltlg ,tr the area. Thts ts a holy place ltr/e s€e you rc_sponsrtt for tfrf riassacre. We didnt attack anyone. We dtdnt hlt anyone. You ar€ the one who

"i"nia iit..uttl

"f tne Moslerrs nrst. we were fraytng. Therefore. I arrr askrng you to cease.llfe'

wlthdraw from ihe mosque. You wlll never be allowed to take the mosque: even o!€r our oead Doo-les. StoD shootln-{ Itr t}tl; phce. Don't ldll Moslems. We aie not scaled to dle. To dle and be a tnar-G rn tfi" .t *. oT Cod ls the holtest thlng ln Islam. we are not aftaid to be ldled You must under-iand that you must leave thls place and-stop shooung. lsecond ambulance teargassed'

tl:18 - 11:21 - (Intense automatlc machlne-gun flre). You stupld autho ties! Stop kiltlng-alq

"frooilttgiw. ir"*

"rrly people wounded. Stot shoollng! Thls ls Al-Aqsa Mcsque. on:,9-f tlt.l,",uJ

est placts for Moslems. You are ftsponslble. lAl-Aqsa Mosque teargassedl Auan Artxv! Auon

PHRJC Rerorl oa the Masso.re olr'Pdkstid,rc al AI-Haram AI-ShonJ

Akbarl Lave our mosque. By ktuLg us you ar€ bdnglng your end qutckly. Your hour wlll arrlvesoon...W€ ha!'e a lot of woundcd and dead people. Pleasel What have you done?t Allovr the anbu-lances to enter. Open the gates for the ambulances and doctoG. Don't you know what mercymeans?l!

I l:21 - (Gunfire conttnues) "Deor Moslern gouth- In order to protect you! holy blood I ask you to goto Al-Aqsa Mosque and the women to the Dode of the Rock- We ask you to help tn the rescuhg ofthe wounded. To Uv @cuWW J@ces: To you, the cruel occup]'lng fon:es I say stop shootlng teargas and bullets. Cease Ilr€ ln the mosque plazs. I beg you to allow our doctors. nurses, and ambu-liances to enter the area and to help us. I repeat and beg you agaln to cease

''our llre ard to allow ou!

medlcal sta.fr to come and help us treat our wounded. To the Moslens: I repeat that the youthshould go to Al-Aqsa Mosque and the women to the Dome of the Rock so that we can treat ourwounded and hope that the authorlties wlll stop thls massacre here...Dear ajrd beloved people. Weask you to stay near Al-&sa Mosque so that we can treat our wounded and collect our: vlcttns. Toth€ secudaJlbrces: You: the pollce and occulrylng forces. Stop shootlng and cease J'ou fire. Pleasestop shoottng. The angels of good arc cuFlng you. Hlstory l,'tl curse you. Please stop shootlng. Tothe Moslerns: I ask my young gtrls and bols to go to the mosques.

Deor Aowlg pople. Please dont stand close to the soldleG and don't confront them. Don't let themklll you. They are u'eU-equipped. Don't be fooltsh and dle so easily. You should be more matureabout death. To thepople outstde te HorarL Pleas€ send doctors and ambulances to help us andtell the people that Al- Aqsa ls begglng for help.

1It22 - L1:27 (krtenslve automaUc gunflre). "In the Name of cod the MerciJul and hls ProphetMoharnmadl Pleas€. the soldlers ofheaven!! Come and rescue us!! Oh, deal young people. Don't getclose and leave the area around the westem wall and the Mughrabl cate. The Israells are verywell-equlpped and ready. They wtll shoot you. lDome ofthe Rock gassed) co to Al-Aqsa Mc3que sowe can end thls vlolatlon and protect ourselves. Do not go to the Mahkama buildtng yard. You $.111be e.pos€d and the pollce and borderguards r*1ll shoot you flom above. Dont expose you bodies tothe bullets of the well-equlpped controllln€l occupj.lng forces. Dear young people, to be able to pro,tect ]lour llfe llre ask you to go to Al-&sa Mosque. (Soldters appear on screen. Tear gas thrown intoAl-Aqsa Mosque) Please keep aum! Jtotu the LDesten slde oJ the mosque @1d tl@ Mat*dma bulfu7tlg. You tDll tu shot tvre. Please leaDe the dred oJ te Westem WdL nleg lu|tll HiL Aoul We tatE tohelg ow untmded-T\ey are shooUng live arffnu aion at youl We don't want you to dle because youare the guardians and defendeE oflslam and ofthls mosque. The women should go to the Dome ofthe Rock and th€ men to Al-Aqsa. To the pottce and. tbrderguards: Stop shlnt{ng! Stop the killtnglStap the massacrel!

r1:27 - {End of\,'tdeo)

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