AKS 47:World War IIChapter 32 – Pages 925-951

The HolocaustWho…? …were the victims of the Holocaust?

Non-Aryan peoples, primarily Jews, but also Gypsies, Slavs, etc.

The HolocaustWho…? …were members of the “master race”?

Aryans

The signs read:

“Germans! Defend Yourselves! Do not buy from Jews!”

The HolocaustWhat…? …were the Nuremberg Laws?

German laws depriving Jews of rights to citizenship & jobs

The HolocaustWhat…?

…happened on the night of November 9, 1938?On Kristallnacht, the

Nazis launched a violent attack on Jewish communities all over Germany

The HolocaustWhat…?

…was Hitler’s “Final Solution”?Systematic killing

of entire groups of people, particularly Jews, whom the Nazis saw as inferior

The HolocaustWhere…? …did German Jews try to migrate to find

safety from Nazi terror?France, Britain, USA, & other countries

The HolocaustWhere…? …were Jews forced to live in German-

controlled cities? In ghettos – segregated Jewish areas

The HolocaustWhere…? …were the concentration camps?

Mainly in Germany & Poland

The HolocaustWhy…? …did Hitler believe that Jews & other

“subhumans” had to be exterminated?To protect the purity of the Aryan race

The HolocaustWhy…?

…did the Germans build extermination camps?To carry out mass

murders in huge gas chambers

The HolocaustWhen…? …did the final stage of the Final Solution

begin?Early 1942

The HolocaustHow…? …did non-Jewish people try to save Jews

from the horrors of Nazism?By hiding Jews in their homes or helping them

escape to neutral countries

Anne Frank

The HolocaustHow…? …many Jews died in the Holocaust?

Approximately 6,000,000

Nuremberg Trials Nazis put on trial for crimes against

humanity (events of Holocaust) Goal was to punish Nazi officials using

a democratic system

Japanese Internment Camps in the United States Japanese-Americans placed in camps Why? – feared they were enemies or spies

after bombing at Pearl Harbor

Tehran ConferenceWhen? November 28 – December 1, 1943

Tehran ConferenceMembers Present?

Franklin Roosevelt {USA} Winston Churchill {Britain} Joseph Stalin {USSR}

Tehran ConferencePurpose of Meeting? Coordinate military strategy against

Germany & Japan Decide on important issues of post-WWII

era

Tehran ConferencePurpose of Meeting? Coordination of D-Day invasion Poland’s post-war borders First discussions about splitting up Germany into

zones of occupation First discussions of the future United Nations

between Stalin and FDR

*Many issues left for final decisions at later conferences

Yalta ConferenceWhen? February 4-11, 1945

Yalta ConferenceMembers Present? Franklin Roosevelt {USA} Winston Churchill {Britain} Joseph Stalin {USSR}

Yalta ConferencePurpose of Meeting? Make final decisions about the end of the

war.

Yalta ConferenceWhat was decided? Divide Germany into 4 zones controlled by

Allied military forces. Germany must pay the USSR. Stalin agreed to join war against Japan 90

days after the end of the war in Europe. Stalin promised free elections in Eastern

Europe.

Potsdam ConferenceMembers Present?

THE BIG THREE

Potsdam ConferencePurpose of Meeting? Clarify agreements from Yalta

Potsdam ConferenceWhat was decided? Potsdam Declaration

Unconditional surrender of JapanJapanese disarmament, establishment of

democratic governmentPostwar European borders (especially

Poland)

Formation of the United NationsThe Beginning Stalin & FDR secretly discussed ideas for

U.N. at Tehran Conference 1944: Britain, China, USSR, & met in D.C.

& drafted the 1st charter

Formation of the United NationsFirst Meeting April 1945 in San Francisco Delegates from 50 nations worked for 2

months to develop the official charter

Formation of the United NationsDetails & Purpose

Purpose: peacekeeping organization designed to protect its members against aggression

Permanent Members of Security Council:USA, Britain, USSR, France, China

Marshall Plan for EuropeWho…? …proposed the plan?

U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall

Marshall Plan for EuropeWhen…? …did he propose the plan?

1947

Marshall Plan for EuropeWhat…?

…did he propose the U.S. needed to do?Give aid to needy European countriesProvide food, machinery, & other materials

to rebuild Western Europe & stop Soviet expansion

Truman signs Marshall Plan

MacArthur’s Plan for JapanDemilitarization Disbanded Japanese armed forces Left Japanese with small police force

MacArthur’s Plan for JapanDemocratization Created a gov’t elected by the people Set up a constitutional monarchy b/c

Japanese wanted to keep emperor

MacArthur’s Plan for JapanOther Reforms Land ownership was expanded Independent labor unions had the right to

form Increase participation of workers &

farmers in new democracy