1.AIRPORT APRONS & HOLDINGBAYSPRESENTERS: Ahmad Nabisu/10-001-074013 Adil khan su/10-001-074007 Hussain sardarsu/10-001-074039 Adam khan su/10-oo1-074005SARHAD UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYPESAHAWAR DATE:9th Feb 2013

2. Aprons Its the Portion of an airport usually paved in front ofTerminal building, for Parking, Loading & Unloadingof Aircraft. Holding bays are also known as holding aprons, Theyare provided at busy airports near the runways. They hold Planes Before its Takeoff to wait till therunway is cleared. 3. Types of Aprons Terminal Apron. Cargo Apron. Parking Apron. Service and Hanger Apron. Itinerant Apron. General Aviation Apron. Other Ground Servicing Apron. 4. Terminal Apron The area designed for aircraft maneuvering andparking adjacent to passengers terminal facilities. From terminal apron passengers board the aircraft. 5. Cargo Apron Aircrafts that carry only fright and mail may be provided a separate cargo apron adjacent to cargo terminal building. 6. Parking Apron Parking apron is the apron where aircrafts can beparked for a specific period of time. It may be used for light periodic servicing andmaintenance. Parking aprons are located as close to the terminalapron as possible. 7. Service and Hanger Aprons It is an apron where maintenance and repairing of an aircraft is carried out under a hanger. 8. General Aviation Apron General aviation aircrafts, used for business or privateflying which requires several categories of aprons tosupport different general aviation activities. 9. Transient Apron The aprons used for temporary parking of aircrafts isknown as transient aprons. As access to fuelling and other services. 10. Design Requirement For Aprons Safety Efficiency Geometry Flexibility 11. safety Safety in apron implies that airport maintain specifiedclearance and follow the established procedures toenter, move within and depart from apron areas. Aircraft security should also considered in locating theaprons area can be protected from unauthorizedperson. 12. Efficiency Apron design should contribute towards establishing a high degree efficiency for aircraft movement and the dispensing of aprons services. 13. Geometry The planning and design of any apron type dependentupon the number of geometry consideration. E.g:The length and width of a land part for the aprondevelopment. 14. Flexibility Planning of apron should include an evaluation ofthe following flexibility characteristics:1)Range of aircraft size2)Expansion capability 15. Range of aircraft sizea) Using one size of aircraft large enough for the largest aircraft type.b) Using as many different size stand as there aircraft types. 16. Expansion capability Another key element of flexible apron system isallowance for expansion to meet future needs. The apron should be designed in modular stages sothat successive stages become integral addition to theexisting apron with the minimum disruption toongoing activities. 17. Other Ground Servicing Aprons Areas for servicing, fueling or loading and unloading should also be provided aprons as needed not all of the apron types are required for every airport, but the need for them and their size should be estimated based on type and volume of forecast airport traffic at the airport. 18. PASSENGER LOADING METHODS Planning the apron layout, methods for the passenger loading must taken into account. Which are:Bridge loadingStationary loading bridge and apron drive bridge. Movable steps Passenger transporters Aircraft contained steps 19. Bridge loading In this method direct upper level loading is madepossible by bridge loading. Permitting the passengers to board the aircraft fromthe upper level of the terminal building. Two types of loading bridges are used. Stationary loading bridge and apron drive bridge. 20. Stationary loading bridge A short loading bridge which extends from a projection in the building as shown. 21. Apron drive loading bridge In this type, one end ofa telescoping gangwayis hinged to theterminal building, theother end is supportedby steerable, powereddual wheel as shown. 22. Movable steps Movable stepsare pushed ordriven to theaircraft and setat door level. The passengerswalk in theopen on theapron. 23. Passenger transporter Passengers board a bus orspecially designs passengertransporters at the terminalbuilding. 24. Aircraft contained steps Some aircraft have selfcontained steps. After stopping, the crewreleases the selfcontained steps andpassengers walk on theapron. 25. Holding bays and bypasses A defined area of an airport where aircraft hold until the runway is clear for it. Holding bays and bypasses are provided where traffic volume are high. 26. Types of bypasses Dual taxiways. Holding bays. Dual runway entrances. 27. Dual taxiways It is a second taxiway or a taxiway bypass to the normalparallel taxiway. Taxi passes can be constructed at relatively lowcost, but provide only a small amount of flexibility. 28. Holding bays Holding bays is an area where aircraft can be held orby passed. Holding bays allows aircraft to leave andindependently re-enter the departure area. 29. Dual runway entrances Dual runway entrances is a duplication of taxiwayentrances to the runway. The use of dual entrances in combination with dualtaxiways will give a degree of flexibility.