AIR POLLUTION IN TEXTILE AND USE OF SCRUBBERS

PRESENTED BY MUHAMMAD FAHAD ANSARI

12 IEEM 14

WHAT IS AIR POLLUTION ?

Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate, or biological material that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment into the atmosphere.  

AIR POLLUTION IN DIFFERENT PROCESSES OF TEXTILE

PROCESS SOURCE POLLUTANT

Energy Production Emissions from boiler Nitrous oxides (Nox) ,sulphur dioxide (SO2)

drying and curing Emission from high temperature ovens

Volatile organic components (VOCs)

Cotton handling activities Emissions from preparation, carding, combing, and fabrics manufacturing

Particulates

Sizing Emission from using sizing compound (gums, PVA)

Nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxide, carbon monoxide.

Bleaching Emission from using chlorine compound

Chlorine, chlorine dioxide

PROCESS SOURCE POLLUTANT

Dyeing Disperse dyeing using carriers Sulphur dyeing

Carriers

H2S

Printing Screen printing ,rotary printing Hydrocarbons, ammonia

Finishing Resin finishing Heat setting of synthetic fabrics

Formaldehyde

Carriers - low molecular weight

Polymers - lubricating oils

Chemical storage Emissions from storage tanks for commodity and chemicals

Volatile organic components (VOCs)

Waste water treatment Emissions from treatment tanks and vessels

Volatile organic components, toxic emissions

Formation of dust film on every surfaceParticles fall into moving parts of machineryDirty appearance of productEffect of Dust - Health HazardsCotton dust – biossinosis (lung disease)Asbestos dust – lung cancerWool dust – allergic, sneezing attacks, asthma

and related diseases

Effect Of Dust

Pollution Control Spinning mill

Maintaining m/c partsMaintaining hardness of rubber cotsMaintaining RH%Using overhead pneumatic cleanersCyclone filters, Cloth filters

Wet processing unitElectrostatic precipitatorscrubberoxidizer

SCRUBBERSThe Scrubber is one of the most common

pollution control device used by industries.There are two types of Scrubbers: Wet

Scrubbers and Dry Scrubbers. Mechanism of both the scrubbers is almost same.

The only difference is in case of Dry Scrubbers End Product is in solid form while in case of Wet Scrubbers it is found in liquid form.

DRY SCRUBBERS/CYCLONIC SCRUBBERS

•This is a chamber having a plate at the center which is kept moist by water injected through the nozzles.•The dust laden gas is forced in the chamber with a centrifugal motion as shown in the figure. The aerosol and particulate matters are arrested by the moist plate.•The clean gas is allowed to pass through the outlet pipe.

The moisture of the plate is then eliminated by some suitable device and the aerosol and the particulate matters are collected at the bottom and are removed through the outlet pipe

WET SCRUBBERS/Venturi Scrubbers•In this device, a venturi meter is fitted at the bottom of a cylindrical vessel.•The dust laden gas and water are allowed to enter the venturi meter from the top.•The gas comes in contact with water at the throat. The descending water absorbs the aerosol and particulate on its way

Thus the dirty droplets are formed which are collected in the collection chamber. The clean gas rises up and finally it is released in the atmosphere through the outlet.