AIR POLLUTION

Submitted By : Lakshay Katarmal, Branch: IT

Project Guide: Dr. Tanuja NautiyalDept. of Chemistry,

Northern India Enginnering College

Content• Introduction

• Types of air pollution

• Smog

• Acid rain & effect

• Green house & effect

• Effect on ozone layer

• Causes of air pollution

• preventions

WHAT IS AIR POLLUTION??

• Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.

TYPES OF AIR POLLUTION

• There are several types of air pollution, Mainly Indoor Air Pollution and Out Door Air Pollution. These include smog, acid rain, the green house effect and hole in the ozone layer.

• One type of air pollution is the release of particles into the air.

• Another type of pollution is the release of poisonous gases.

SMOG• Smog is a type of large scale outdoor

pollution. It is caused by chemical reactions between pollutants derived from different sources.

ACID RAIN

It is caused when a pollutant combines with droplets of water in the air.

The effects of acid rain on the environment can be serious

EFFECTS OF ACID RAIN

Acid rain causes acidification of lakes and streams .

It contributes to the damage of trees and many sensitive forest soils.

It accelerates the decay of building materials and paints, including irreplaceable buildings, statues, and sculptures that are part of our nation's cultural heritage.

GREEN HOUSE EFFECT• It generally comes from

the build up of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere.

• Carbon dioxide is produced when fuels are burnt.

• In this type of pollution sun rays go to the atmosphere and they are trapped by green houses gases. So the temperature on the earth raise.

HOLE IN THE OZONE LAYER

It is another result of air pollution.

Chemicals released by our activities affect the stratosphere.

Release of CFC from heating, aerosol cans , refrigerator equipments remove some of the ozone , causing “ HOLES” .

CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTIONDust raised on the ground during

dust storms.

Stone dust raised by crushing of stones in quarries.

Smoke emitted by vehicles.

Smoke from forest fires.

Smoke raised by burning of coal in powerhouses.

Burning of wood, cow dung cakes, garbage etc.

Germs from coughing and sneezing.

HEALTH EFFECTSSome individuals are much

more sensitive to pollutants than are others.

Air pollution can affect our health in many ways with both short term and long term effects.

Many different chemicals in the air affect the human body in negative ways.

• Older people are highly vulnerable to diseases induced by air pollution.  Those with heart or lung disorders are under additional risk

HEALTH EFFECTSMany different chemicals in the air

affect the human body in negative ways.• Children and infants are also at serious

risk.• Air pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen

oxides, and sulfur dioxide also have harmful effects on natural ecosystems.  They can kill plants and trees by destroying their leaves, and can kill animals, especially fish in highly polluted rivers.

PREVENTIONS

Car Pool: Forming and implementing a car pool will reduce the number of cars, thereby, preventing air pollution by cutting down the use of fossil fuels. This way, it will help in the sustainable use of fossil fuel and its conservation for the future generations.

PREVENTIONS

Vehicle Care: Timely servicing of the car helps to keep it in a good condition, and also minimizes fuel exhaust. Driving the car at an average speed and turning off in traffic are the thumb rules to save fuel. Make sure to use unleaded petrol and opt for regular pollution checking of your car.

PREVENTIONS

Public Transport: Whenever possible, try to travel by public transports. This helps in two ways; prevents air pollution and increases public income. If you are going to a nearby place, go by walking or use a bicycle, instead of using your vehicle. The objective is to minimize the use of fuels as far as possible.

PREVENTIONS

Saving Energy: Saving energy will, of course, help to prevent air pollution. Switch off the lights, fans, air conditioners, televisions, and other appliances, when not in use. You can also share a room with others when the air conditioner or fan is on, instead of switching them on in every room.

THANK YOU Submitted By : Lakshay Katarmal,

Branch: IT

Project Guide: Dr. Tanuja NautiyalDept. of Chemistry,

Northern India Enginnering College