air lines reservation in inwdddia

7/27/2019 Air Lines Reservation in Inwdddia

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AIRLINE RESERVATION

SYSTEM

Computer Application

NAME:- Manish kumarSUBMITTED TO:

SEC.:- RD1R04A10 MR.SUMIT GUPTA

ROLL NO.:-A-10REGD.NO.:-11105436



TABLE OF CONTENTS:1. Absstrect

2. System analysis

3. Data flow diagram

4. E-diagrame of alr

5. Airline Reservation System

I. Overview

II. Project Requirements

III. Design Description

IV. Scheme of the System

V. Data base.

VI. Testing Example

6. Overview

7. Project requirment

8. Design description

9. Data base design

10. TABLE FLIGHT

11. THIRD NORMAL FORM (3NF)

12. FLIGHT DETAILS:

13. RELIABLE

14. SECURE

15. OTHER REASONS

16. Software Technologies

17. Java Server Pages (JSP)



18. Java Servlets

19. Java mail

20. XML

21. JAVA SCRIPT

22. CONTROL FLOW IN A TYPICAL USER SESSION:

23. SECURITY

24. Password Encryption

25. Encryption of Credit Card Details

26. Httpsessions

27. DISTRIBUTION OF COMPUTATION

28. Source code

29. Design

30. BOBLOGRAPHY

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that airlines reservation system in Indiaembodies the original Work done by Manish kumar during

this project submission as a partial fulfilment of the

requirement for the System Design Project of Masters of



Computer Application 3rd Semester, of Lovely

professional university

Senior Lect

MR. SUMIT GUPTA

PROBLEM STATEMENT

The web based “airline reservation system”

project is an attempt to stimulate the basic concepts of

airline reservation system. The system enables the customer

to do the things such as search for airline flights for two



travel cities on a specified date, choose a flight based on the

details, reservation of flight and cancellation of reservation.

The system allows the airline passenger tosearch for flights that are available between the two travel

cities, namely the “Departure city” and “Arrival city” for a

particular departure and arrival dates. The system displays

all the flight’s details such as flight no, name, price and

duration of journey etc.After search the system display list of available

flights and allows customer to choose a particular flight.

Then the system checks for the availability of seats on the

flight. If the seats are available then the system allows the

passenger to book a seat. Otherwise it asks the user to

choose another flight.

To book a flight the system asks the customer to

enter his details such as name, address, city, state, credit

card number and contact number. Then it checks the

validity of card and book the flight and update the airline

database and user database. The system also allows the

customer to cancel his/her reservation, if any problem

occurs.



Abstract:

This paper presents a research project which isdirected to awareness about databasemanagement of airline reservation system inIndia. We concentrate on airline managementapplications and information systems such asreservation of ticket and ward management,customer resources. This means that although

the models extracted highly differ betweenairline reservation, data mining processes arehighly similar across different airlinereservation. We argue how a tool can beconstructed in such a way that it automates



many DM processes and that can be ported toother airline which could benefit more quicklyof a first DM experience. Our work plan covers

all the stages in the process of KnowledgeDiscovery from Databases data leansing,extraction and integration from the AIS andexternal data, construction of tasks andminable views, model generation, and finally amodule to carry out and interpret theirpredictions. We also consider a module toperform simulations and to integrate themodels extracted by the previous modules withother decision support systems as well asmodel monitoring.

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

a. Hardware Requirement

b. Software Requirement



HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTOPERATING SYSTEM DATA BASE

WINDOW XP,WINDOW

98,WINDOW VISTA

SQL/ORACLE

Data Flow Diagrams

A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation

of the "flow" of data through an information system. Adata flow diagram can also be used for the visualization

of data processing (structured design). It is common

practice for a designer to draw a context-level DFD first

which shows the interaction between the system and

outside entities. This context-level DFD is then

PROCESSOR RAM DISK SPACE

Pentium II,Pentium III,Pentium IV anyother

64 Mb or Higher 130 MB



"exploded" to show more detail of the system being

modeled.

DFD of Airlines reservation in India

Data flow diagramswere invented by Larry Constantine, the original developer

of structured design, based on Martin and String’s "data

flow graph" model of computation. Data flow diagrams are

one of the three essential perspectives of Structured

Systems Analysis and Design Method SSADM. The

sponsor of a project and the end users will need to be

briefed and consulted throughout all stages of a system's

evolution. With a dataflow diagram, users are able tovisualize how the system will operate, what the system will

accomplish, and how the system will be implemented. The

old system's dataflow diagrams can be drawn up and

compared with the new system's dataflow diagrams to draw

comparisons to implement a more efficient system.

Dataflow diagrams can be used to provide the end user with

a physical idea of where the data they input ultimately hasan effect upon the structure of the whole system from order

to dispatch to restock how any system is developed can be

determined through a dataflow diagram.



Update history servlet

Insert row in flight historytable for each flight with user

name

Success inserting

into flight historytable Problem inserting

into flight historytable

Display all flights booked

by user nameError in flight

No more flightselection?

LogoutBook another

flight return

to welcome

Remove username from

session



E-R DIAGRAME OF AIRLINE

RESERNATION



‘

BACKEND



Airline Reservation System

1.Overview..............................................................................2.ProjecRequirements............................................................3.DesignDescription..............................................................3.1SchemeoftheSystem.......................................................3.2Database.........................................................................

3.3TestingExample..................................... ...

..........................................

Overview

The Airline reservation system is a Web-basedon-line reservation system thatIs intended to provide information needed toreserve seat(s) on certain flights.



• (mmddyy), time, flight number, and arandom number in the range [1-5000].Assume the customers are interest

always in one-way tripHave at least 50 flights in your database.

• For the user interface, You have to give anoption for departure city

• For the user interface, You have to give anoption for arrival city

• For the user interface, You have to give an

option for departure date• For the user interface, You have to give an

option for departure time

• Once the user makes the selection fordeparture/arrival city and clicks The OK button you will contact the server

in order to see if there are

Such flights available in the database, andif there are, then the server

• Illinois Institute of Technology CS441 Project

• Zornitza Panayotova 4 12/05/02 will calculate thefare and send them to the client that willdisplay them for the user along withdeparture/arrival time from

Departure/destination cities. Within thispage, you will have 2 buttons:• Reserve or Cancel.

• If the user selects the reserve button of theprevious requirement, then new page will



Design description



DATABASEOF

AIRLINERESERVAT

ION

DATABASE DESIGN

We use Oracle as the backend and use JDBC connectivity

to access the database. The servlets access the database

using JDBC and output the results according to the query,

which again takes into account the options, selected by the

user.The following gives the various tables and their fields used

in our database, which was a major design decision of our

project.



TABLE FLIGHT

Flight no. Departurecity Designation city price compactly

1 BOMBAY LONDON 647444 54562 AMIRTSAR AUS 34544 5454

3 DELHI FRANCE 55466 6465

4 BANGLOR JAPAN 566656 5345

TABLE CUSTMER

TABLE RESERVATION

CUSTMERID

CUTMERFIRSTNAME

CUSTMERLASTNAME

ADDRESS CITY

001 AMAN AA MUKTSAR MUKTSAR

002 DEEP BB BOMBY JULANDHAR003 SINGH CC SAMME PHAGWARA

SCEDULE FLIGHT NO ARIVAL DATE AVALABLESEATS

12 TH 1 12-12-2008 22222TH 2 11-12-2008 4443RD 3 13-12-2008 555



TABLE OF SEATS

FLIGHT DETAILS:

AR_FLIGHT_MST

FL_NO VARCHAR2(7) PRIMARY KEY

FL_NAME VARCHAR2(25) NOT NULLORG_CD NUMBER(3) NOT NULL

DES_CD NUMBER(3) NOT NULL

CAPACITY NUMBER(3) NOT NULL

AR_FLIGHT_DET

FL_NO VARCHAR2(7)PRIMARY KEY (REFERENCE

AR_FLIGHT_MST.FL_NO)

HALT_CD NUMBER(3) PRIMARY KEY

DIST_FRM_ORG NUMBER(3) -

NO_QUOTA NUMBER(3) -

NO_BOOKED NUMBER(3) -

JOUR_DATE- NOT NULL

THIRD NORMAL FORM (3NF) :

Third Normal Form normalization will be needed where all attributes in

a relation tuple are not functionally dependent only on the keyattribute. A transitive dependency is one in which one in which oneattribute depends on second which is turned depends on a third and soon.



FLIGHT DETAILS:

AR_FLIGHT_MST

FL_NO VARCHAR2(7) PRIMARY KEY

FL_NAME VARCHAR2(25)NOT NULL

ORG_CD NUMBER(3) NOT NULL

DES_CD NUMBER(3) NOT NULL

CAPACITY NUMBER(3) NOT NULL

AR_FLIGHT_DET

FL_NO VARCHAR2(7)PRIMARY KEY (REFERENCE

AR_FLIGHT_MST.FL_NO)

HALT_CD NUMBER(3)PRIMARY KEY

DIST_FRM_ORG NUMBER(3) -

NO_QUOTA NUMBER(3) -

NO_BOOKED NUMBER(3) -

JOUR_DATE -NOT NULL

AR_HALT_MST



HALT_CD NUMBER(3)PRIMARY KEY

DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(30) NOT NULL

DATABASE SERVER

Oracle instead of any other prevailing database servers

• SCALABLE

Oracle supports the largest databases, which can

contain terabytes of data. To make efficient use

of expensive hardware devices, Oracle Enables

full control of space usage. Even though we want toextend our Site to incorporate upcoming various

Airlines database we would be

• RELIABLE

For now, since our website is not a full-fledged

corporate website we are estimating that therewould be a maximum of 150-200 hits per day

including from all the above mentioned

categories of audience who come to our site

either to make an online reservation or to

compare the prices of various airlines.



Oracle supports large numbers of concurrent

users executing a variety

Of database applications operating on the samedata. It minimizes data

Contention and guarantees data concurrency.

This definitely helps

We make our website robust and accessible to

much number of users

Simultaneously. In future even though users

increase there would be no

Problem on overall.

• SECURE

One of the major concerns about our database

were the security issues as we would be

maintaining tables to store user information like

his user-name, password and personalinformation like credit card details. We had this

extra overhead of maintaining all this

information securely and at the same time

transparent to the user. We have no regrets now

for choosing Oracle as our database server.

To protect against unauthorized database

access and use, Oracle provides securityfeatures to limit and monitor data access. These

features make it easy to manage even the most

complex design for data access.



• OTHER REASONS

Based upon the functionality of our website, it

obvious that we have to be in a position to

handle requests from users accessing our

website from various different types of

computers and operating systems. Oracle

software enables different types of computers

and operating systems to share

information across networks. Even in future if

we want to jump into distributed

environment/network we can do so. For

networked, distributed environments, Oracle

combines the data physically located on

different computers into one logical database

that can be accessed by all network users. Apartfrom these reasons, Oracle software lets you

replicate groups of tables and their supporting

objects to multiple sites. Oracle supports

replication of both data- and schema-level

changes to these sites.

Software Technologies:

1. Java Server Pages (JSP)

2. Java Servlets



independent method for building web-based

applications. They provide web developers with

a simple, consistent mechanism for extending the

functionality of a web server and for accessingexisting databases. Since our website was more

database-centric we found servlets as more

appropriate choice.

• Servlets have access to the entire family of Java

APIs, including the JDBC API to access

databases. Servlets can also access a library of

HTTP-specific calls and receive all the benefits

of the mature Java language, including

portability, performance, reusability, and crash

protection.

• Our other alternative for Java servlets was CGI.

But we continued with Java servlets mainly

because of the following reasons

I) Efficient: With traditional CGI, a new

process is started for each HTTP

request. With servlets, the Java Virtual

Machine stays up, and each request is

handled by a lightweight Java thread, not a

heavyweight operating system process.

ii) Convenient: Each one of us was more

comfortable with Java Besides the

convenience of being able to use a familiar

language, servlets they have this added



advantage of automatically parsing and

decoding HTML form data, tracking

sessions, and many other such tasks. As

these operations were very much needed for our website we found our decision to be

right.

iii) Powerful: Java servlets let us do several

things easily, which are either difficult or

impossible by traditional CGI. One thing is

servlets can talk directly to the Web server

(regular CGI programs can't). Thissimplified operations that needed us to look

up data stored in standard places. We found

them very useful in maintaining information

from request to request, simplifying things

like session tracking and caching of previous

computations.

Java mail

• Hosting an Online Air tickets Website we

had this requirement of sending out an email

to our customer once he purchased ticket

through our site as a confirmation with his

flight details and schedule. As we wereusing Java as our programming language we

had this added advantage of using JavaMail

API to suffice our need.



• We implemented this feature of sending out

emails using JavaMail successfully. For this

we had to download Java mail API and

JavaBeans activation Framework apart fromsetting their paths in our webservers class

path. JavaMail API allowed us to instantly

add the ability to send-out e-mail with our

Java applications with negligible

programming effort.

XML

• XML was mainly used because of its

extensibility feature. It had this added

advantage of presenting the same content in

different formats to different clients.

• Our site is completely driven by XML data.

We have implemented all our servlets in

such a way that they throw XML DOM treefor each and every page. So once we had

this XML DOM tree in hand we

implemented XSL’s to throw out either a

HTML data or WML data to the client

depending on either the request coming from

http browser or WAP browser.

• In this way our site is more extensible,suppose that in future we had to extend our

site to clients with a new markup language

what all we need to do is write out a separate



XSL to display the data in the form specific

to that client.

• Another major advantage of sending XML

data to the client instead of html data is, we

can offload some computation to the client

from the server. i.e. we weren’t forced to

bother about the presentation data on the

server's side, instead we concentrated on

sending the data and using style sheets to

display it in according to the client’s needs.

• Our site is PDA enabled. We used WML to

make our site accessible through handheld

devices.

• WML is the basic mark-up language for the

alternate web-access devices.

JAVA SCRIPT

• JavaScript was basically used for client-side

validation.

• JavaScript is compatible with allversions of Microsoft Internet

Explorer and Netscape Navigator



In the Design of our website we made an assumption

that we are accessing the database of different airline to get

the flight information. Any last minute changes to the flight

schedule are taken care by the respective airlines. Presentlywe are accessing database of three airlines. In our website

we will be maintaining the table to hold user information,

his transaction details only.

The figure shows how our website is organized. The

Servlet accesses the Database, which use the bean. The

Servlet , which contains the required information. ThisXML it transformed in to a code containing HTML,

JAVASCRIPT code. Which is displayed to the user in a

web browser? In case of a PDA device WML code is

generated by the XSL.

We are using an Applet to encrypt to user credit card and

password information.

CONTROL FLOW IN A TYPICAL USER SESSION:

1. User will type the URL of our site:

eztickets.com in the browser.

2. User will be shown our homepage

containing various page links and search option.

3. User will click on the Login button to log

on into our system.

4. The user-id and password are validated

and the user is allowed to login.



SECURITY

We have been very much successful in implementing

the security features to our site as stated in our project

specifications. We are enclosing the brief description

of how we have carried out this feature.

Password Encryption

We have used Java Applets for the

encryption of the password typed by the user. We

implemented the UNIX Crypt command for the

password encryption. The encrypted password is sent

to the servlet. The encrypted password itself is stored

in the database table. This will avoid unauthorizedusers/malicious technical staff from accessing our

database. Whenever user tries to login into our system,

the password typed by the user is again encrypted and

is compared with the encrypted password stored in the

database.

Encryption of Credit Card Details :

We have used RSA algorithm for the encryption of

the credit card number. When the user gives credit

card number in the Registration form, the credit card

number is encrypted using a Java Applet



the information. User can browse the entire site with

very less amount of input. This will attract not only

the handicapped users but also the normal users.

DISTRIBUTION OF COMPUTATION

A. Client-side Computation:

Password encryption and Credit Card

encryption are done at the client-side using the java

applets. This will reduce the server side computation a bit.

Validation of the data entered by the user is done

at the client-side using JavaScript. This will avoid the

users entering invalid data. All the fields either in

Registration form or in Login form are checked before

sending to the servlet.

As we have designed our Servlets in such a waythat they throw out the XML DOM tree, in a way we are

able to offload the computation to the client side thereby

reducing the overhead on the server side.

Server-side Computation:

The server side computations include

• Servlet accessing the database

• Building the XML DOM tree



• XSL transforming the XML data into

HTML/WML

We are assuming that at most 500 simultaneous users

will access our site at any instance, so this requires

high computational powered server. We assumed dual

processor web server with each 1.0 GHz power. This

will be sufficient for the requirements.

MULTIMEDIA:

Inner view of the Flights:

We created various flash videos giving the details

Statistical details

Seating arrangement Details

Rough Pictorial View of the Flights.

FLEXIBILITY:

• Content generation and Content Presentation are

separated in our system. We used XML and XSL

for achieving this feature. This will enable us to

extend our site to new era of alternate web accessdevices.

• We implemented our system accessing an airline

database at the backend. We can extend this to



access any number of airline databases as

backend information providers.

PERFORMANCE RESULTS:

• Since our website doesn’t involve bandwidth

occupying images or bitmaps which could

unnecessarily take lot of time to load, our loading

times for each of the JSP pages are quite decent and

fast. Moreover we are calculating the client’s

bandwidth dynamically and directing the client to the

text version if it has low bandwidth.

• The pages that invoke the servlets (which in turn

access the database) to generate dynamic content may

take some few seconds to load as the servlet has toestablish a connection and then has to query the

database. This cannot be avoided in our case and it

doesn’t occupy much of a time really.

• The performance result actually depends on the

number of users accessing the database. Our optimal

case, average case and the worst case all depend upon

the number of users trying to connect to the database.The worst case will be when several hundreds of users

are accessing the pages, which might cause the

database server to crash. Since we create new

connection every time a servlet is invoked it could be



gbc.gridx=2;

gbc.gridy=4;

gbl.setConstraints(t10,gbc);

add(t10);

gbc.gridx=0;

gbc.gridy=6;

gbl.setConstraints(l1,gbc);

add(l1);

gbc.gridx=2;gbc.gridy=6;


add(t1);

gbc.gridx=0;

gbc.gridy=8;

gbl.setConstraints(l2,gbc);add(l2);

gbc.gridx=2;

gbc.gridy=8;


add(t2);

gbc.gridx=0;

gbc.gridy=10;


add(l3);



gbc.gridx=2;

gbc.gridy=10;


add(t3);

gbc.gridx=0;

gbc.gridy=12;


add(l4);

gbc.gridx=2;

gbc.gridy=12;gbl.setConstraints(t4,gbc);

add(t4);

gbc.gridx=0;

gbc.gridy=14;


add(l5);

gbc.gridx=2;

gbc.gridy=14;


add(t5);

gbc.gridx=0;

gbc.gridy=16;


add(l6);

gbc.gridx=2;



}

if(t8.getText().equals(String.valueOf('B')))

{

String str = "update Reservation set BSeats=BSeats-1where FlightNo=? and TravelDate = ?";

ps = con.prepareStatement(str);

ps.setString(1,t10.getText());

ps.setString(2,t1.getText());

count = ps.executeUpdate();

}

if(t8.getText().equals(String.valueOf('E')))

{

String str = "update Reservation

set ESeats=ESeats-1 where FlightNo=? and TravelDate

= ?";

ps = con.prepareStatement(str);

ps.setString(1,t10.getText()); ps.setString(2,t1.getText());

count = ps.executeUpdate();

}

con.close();

t1.setText("");

t2.setText("");

t3.setText("");

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