Aim: What is migration?

Chapter 3

Migration

• Migration A change in residence that is intended to be permanent.

• Emigration-leaving a country.

• Immigration-entering a country.

Little Haiti, Miami, Florida

Movement

• Changes people, where they came from, where they are going.

• Ranges from local to global…daily to once in a lifetime.

• ALL MOVEMENT involves LEAVING HOME.

• 3 types.

Types of Movement

Cyclic: shorter periods away from home

Periodic: longer periods away from home

Migration: more permanent, may never return home

Cyclic Movement

• Daily activities…begin and end at home.• Create our activity spaces.• Ex: Commuting, seasonal movement, nomadism.

Periodic Movement • Longer periods…return home• Ex: Migrant labor, College, military service• Transhumance: pastoral farming; ranchers move

livestock according to the availability of pastures. (Switzerland, Horn of Africa)

Migration

• Permanent relocation of an individual, household, or larger group to a new locale outside the community of origin.

• International and internal migration.

Types of Migration• Forced Migration-migrants

have no choice-must leave.• periodic movement-short term

(weeks or months) seasonal migration to college, winter in the south, etc.

• Cyclic movement-daily movement to work, shopping.

• Transhumance-seasonal pastoral farming-Switzerland, Horn of Africa.

• Nomadism-cyclical, yet irregular migration that follows the growth of vegetation.

Commuter train in Soweto,South Africa

International Migration – Movement across country borders (implying a degree of permanence).

Internal Migration - Movement within a single country’s borders (implying a degree of permanence).

• On average, Americans move once every 6 years.• US population is the most mobile in the world with

over 5 million moving from 1 state to another every year.

• 35 million move within a state, county or community each year.

• Migration a key factor in the speed of diffusion of ideas and innovation.

• Our perception of distance and direction are often distorted-thus a sizable % of migrants return to their original home due to these distorted perceptions.

From 12 to 30 million Africans were forced from their homelands in the 18th century. It took

generations to restore the population balance.

Choose one type of cyclic or periodic movement and then think of a specific example of the kind of movement changes both the home and the destination. How do these places change as a result of this cyclic or periodic movement?