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AHURI RESEARCH WEBINAR SERIES
Redesigning the system to reduce youth homelessness
Associate Professor David MacKenzie University of South Australia
Dr Michael Fotheringham Executive Director, AHURI
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Welcome
Dr Michael Fotheringham Executive Director, AHURI
HOUSEKEEPING
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Webinar recording available at: ahuri.edu.au/events/ahuri-webinar-series-1
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WEBINAR FEATURES
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TODAY’S WEBINAR
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Presenter: Associate Professor David MacKenzie University of South Australia
Research: Redesign of a homelessness service system for young people
Download the report:ahuri.edu.au/research/final-reports/327
Redesign of a homelessness service system for young people
David MacKenzie, University of South Australia
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Wed 29 April 2020
PRESENTATION
PART 1: The Research
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WHAT DO WE MEAN BY ‘A SYSTEM’?
‘System Thinking’▸ Young people are at the centre of ‘the
system’;
▸ The parts of the system interact;
▸ Interacting parts are interventions, programs and institutions that affect young people;
▸ A system centred around young people is local and community-based;
▸ The ‘community as system’ is open not closed and influenced by policies and funding. AHURI Webinar
THIS IS ONE WAY TO REPRESENT THE DYNAMICS OF A SYSTEM
A ‘stock’ & ‘flow’ diagram of the youth homelessness system
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THIS IS ANOTHER WAY TO REPRESENT THE DYNAMICS OF A SYSTEM
A causal loop diagram of the youth homelessness system
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REDESIGN OF A HOMELESSNESS SERVICE SYSTEM FOR YOUNG PEOPLE
How the research was done!
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➢ The ‘system’ as a place-based community of interventions, programs and institutions that affect young people, and are, in turn, affected by young people—an ecosystem around young people that extends beyond the SHS.
➢ The most promising initiatives for system change are most likely to be found in some form somewhere among the many programs and services across Australia.
➢ Using purposive sampling, key informants were sought in community settings known for promising initiatives or innovation.
➢ Redesigning the homelessness system is about finding reforms and measures that promise to lead to better outcomes, especially where there is a strong evidence-base.
➢ System redesign initiatives and reforms are not just about changes to the SHS.
Q1. How can rebalancing the support system for vulnerable young people be rebalanced to significantly expand early intervention and post- homelessness rapid rehousing and supported housing for young people?
Q2. What changes to housing agreements and policies, as well as income and employment support policies and practices, would be needed to redress the current issues young people have in accessing and maintaining affordable housing options?
Q3. How can the education/employment support systems and the community services/homelessness systems be better integrated systemically to reduce the cohort of disadvantaged and/or homeless individuals into the future and across the life course?
PART 2: Findings
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YOUNG PEOPLE ARE A SIGNIFICANT CLIENT GROUP EXPERIENCING HOMELES SNESS’?
Homeless Young People
▸ About 44% of all individuals who seek help from the SHS are young people and children;
▸ About 81,000 are children, young people and young parents in family groups;
▸ About 16% or 42,000 SHS clients are young people 15-24 years of age on their own.
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
SPECIALISTHOMELESSNESSSERVICESCLIENTS:15-24YEARS
CAUSES OF YOUTH HOMELESSNESS
▸ Family conflict and domestic violence have not decreased;
▸More young people referred to care and protection services;
▸Housing affordability has not improved;
▸Youth incomes and benefits are too low.
Youth Homeless continues …
The front cover image of HREOC Report ‘Our Homeless Children’ (1989)
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CAUSES OF HOMELESSNESS REMAIN ISSUES
▸Young people leaving out-of-home care (OOHC) into independent living arrangements are particularly vulnerable to experiencing homelessness.
Leaving Care …
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THE CYCLE OF HOMELESSNESS
▸Between 40 to 50% of young people exiting homelessness services move into a further situation of homelessness
Leaving SHS services …
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THE CYCLE OF HOMELESSNESS
▸Engagement in education and training—as well as supported pathways towards employment—was raised as a crucial factor in the future options that homeless young people may or may not have.
Engagement in Education or Training…
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THE CYCLE OF HOMELESSNESS
▸Access to social housing remains highly problematic (2.9% of main tenants);
▸Youth-specific and youth-appropriate housing is an under-developed policy concept;
▸Private rental housing is problem due to low incomes.
Housing options for youth…
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THE CYCLE OF HOMELESSNESS
▸Understandable from lived experience dealing with one crisis case after another;
▸Feels intuitively right at the coal-face … but;
▸ Is this a policy informed by system thinking that can end homelessness?
“we need more crisis accommodation”
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To reduce the road toll, we don’t install more trauma beds in the hospital – we implement airbags, seat belts, speed cameras and safer cars and improve road conditions to reduce the number of accidents
INDIGENOUS HOMELESSNESS IN AUSTRALIA
▸Over-represented in Specialist Homelessness Services;
▸ ‘Culturally-appropriate service provision and practice’;
▸Choice of indigenous or non-Indigenous support options?
Aboriginal young people
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PART 3: Policy Options
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Policy options for reducing youth homelessness
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The COSS Model [aka The Geelong Project]
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Policy options for reducing youth homelessness
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What the redesign needs to do!
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Paradigm Shift – a redesigned system
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Siloed service delivery
‘targeted programs’
Place-based service delivery
‘collective impact’
Individuals and organisations interested in further discussions about system change should contact:
Email: [email protected]
Audience Q&A
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