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Page 1: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

84 85

Social ProductionReformatting Studio Space

Justin Mast

Page 2: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

86 87

The Spirit of Detroit

Agent Entrepreneur

Clockwise from Left : Jerr y

Paffendorf and Mar y Lorene

Car ter of LOVELAND1, Oneita Por ter, Designer and

Owner of GrrlDog Jewerly2,

Andy and Emily Linn of City

Bird3, SOUP4, Sarah Lipinski of Wound Menswear in her 2000 Brooklyn workspace5, Mike Han of Street Culture Mash, and Claire Nelson of the Bureau of Urban Living6.

The days of mourning Detroit are over,

especially if you ask Detroiters. After years

of highlighted fallout, glorified ruin, and

declarations that the city is dead—the tune

has changed. And it’s changing from the inside

out. A new breed of wide-eyed wild men and

women are moving back into the city and

declaring it a land of opportunity. Deserted

properties, stretched infrastructure, and

unpredictable services were reasons for

concern; but now the city is being seen

as cheap land, homes, and buildings, an

opportunity for off-the-grid development,

and free-reign. Detroit entrepreneurs are

bringing restaurants, bakeries, bike shops,

and produce into the city—not to mention

money, jobs, and occupancy. This decade

may the be start of a new era in Detroit—one

marked by optimism and opportunity. It

seems that today in Detroit, there’s nothing

entrepreneurship cannot accomplish.

(see “Agent Entrepreneur” in The Normal, Vol. I)

Page 3: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

88 89

With over 150 commercial tenants, including

architects, painters, clothing designers, glass

blowers, wood craftsman, metal sculptors,

and graphic designers, the Russell Industrial

Center is the classic example of abundant and

cheap space available in Detroit. Designed

in 1915, by Albert Khan, the structure was

Russell Industrial Center

built to accommodate the growing auto body

manufacturing business of the Murry Body

Company. After years of being abandoned,

Dennis Kefallinos purchased the building

in 2003 and converted into more than one

million square feet of studio space and lofts.

In many ways, the building’s design for its

Precedent—Detroit

former use as a manufacturing facility, has

served its tenants well. The space is raw

and secluded, perfect for the manufacturing

component of new small scale makers. That

being said, today’s maker-businesses need to

thrive at far more than just manufacturing.

Successful new business models emerging

are collaborative and open. Production

now involves ever changing partnerships

and teams. Entrepreneurs are required to

be producers, salespeople and marketers.

Customers want to not only see behind the

curtain, but also play a role in the making of

their goods. In terms of meeting these needs,

the Russell is less effective. Some makers and

entrepreneurs are finding themselves buried

in the center of a massive complex, isolated

from each other and from their customers.

To be sure, the Russell is providing Detroit

with something important—low cost flexible

space for making and designing. That said, it’s

not the complete picture. If Detroit continues

to attract and produce independent maker-

businesses, we need to be ready for the next

step—an architecture that enhances and

catapults new social production processes,

the same way Khan’s designs did for the mass

production era.

From left to right: GMaps Aerial of The Russell Industrial Center, an interior space at the Russell (March 2011), same interior space in 2008 by Christian Unverzagt.

Page 4: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

90 91

The Eastern Market is another example of

thriving entrepreneurship in Detroit. “As

many as 40,000 people flock to Eastern

Market for its Saturday Market to enjoy one

of the most authentic urban adventures

in the United States. The market and the

adjacent district are rare finds in a global

Eastern Market

economy - a local food district with more

than 250 independent vendors and merchants

processing, wholesaling, and retailing food.

At the heart of Eastern Market is

a six-block public market that has been

feeding Detroit since 1891. Every Saturday

it is transformed into a vibrant marketplace

Precedent—Detroit

with hundreds of open-air stalls where

everyone from toddlers to tycoons enjoy the

strong conviviality served up along with great

selections of fruits, veggies, fresh-cut flowers,

homemade jams, maple syrups, locally

produced specialty food products, pasture

and/or grass-fed meat.”7

By serving as a larger entity under which

many independent entrepreneurs gather, the

“Easter Market” creates something tangible

that customers can approach. One doesn’t

need to know about a specific cucumber

farmer, for example, to know where to find

fresh, locally produced cucumbers. While

From left to right: Eastern Market’s plan for it’s public core8, a vendor unloading produce9, a bird’s eye view of a portion of the Eastern Market as proposed10 , and a scene inside of one of the market’s interior spaces.

buying locally from dozens of independent

vendors, Detroit restaurants can still go to

one place at one time for their supply.

Building on this success, the Easter

Market has big plans. They are expanding

the market to include more places for food

production, they are planning out live/work

spaces, and they are planning on connecting

to the DeQuindre to enhance the pedestrian

access to the market. In their plan, however,

they have decided to limit their focus to

produce. The Easter Market is a place for

selling meats, vegetables, and flowers—not

clothing, furniture, and paintings.

Page 5: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

92 93

The Globe Trading Company Building, also

knows as the Detroit Dry Dock Company

Complex, is located at the Rivertown

Warehouse District, just Northeast of

Downtown Detroit. It sits adjacent to the

Tricentennial State Park and Harbor and

is located at the intersection of Riverfront

Conservancy and the Dequindre Cut.

The Dequindre Cut, a below-grade

1.35-mile pathway, offers a pedestrian link

between the Riverfront paths, Eastern Market,

and many of the residential neighborhoods in

between. These pedestrian paths, community

focused bike shops, and the Eastern Market

have created a car-less and local market

lifestyle potential in this city. The Globe

Building is situated perfectly to tap into this

network.

1801 Atwater Street

The intersection of Detroit’s

pedestrian corridor

The Globe Trading Co. Building

DE

QU

I ND

RE

CU

T

EASTERN

MARKET

D E T R O I T R I V E R F R O N T C O N S E RV

AN

CY

CANADA

JEFFERSON

Page 6: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

94 95

Atwater St. Globe Trading Co. Building DeQuindre Cut Greenway Trail Franklin St. Woodbridge St. E. Jefferson Ave. Undeveloped DeQuindre CutRiver WalkDry Dock No. 2 (1982)Detroit River

Started in the mid 1852, the Globe Trading

Building consists of six interconnected

buildings. The complex is significant as a

remnant of Detroit’s once considerable

maritime manufacturing industry. For

decades, this facility made and repaired ships

and also manufactured ship engines. For a

time, the building also housed the Dry Dock

Hotel.11

Building History

Page 7: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

96 97

Atwater St. Globe Trading Co. Building DeQuindre Cut Greenway Trail Franklin St. Woodbridge St. E. Jefferson Ave. Undeveloped DeQuindre CutRiver WalkDry Dock No. 2 (1982)Detroit River

Proposed Design:

Adaptive Reuse of the Globe Building

Section A 1/32” = 1’

Page 8: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

98 99

Atwater St. Globe Trading Co. Building DeQuindre Cut Greenway Trail Franklin St. Woodbridge St. E. Jefferson Ave. Undeveloped DeQuindre CutRiver WalkDry Dock No. 2 (1982)Detroit River

Page 9: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

100 101

Atwater St. Globe Trading Co. Building DeQuindre Cut Greenway Trail Franklin St. Woodbridge St. E. Jefferson Ave. Undeveloped DeQuindre CutRiver WalkDry Dock No. 2 (1982)Detroit River

Page 10: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

102 103

Page 11: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

104 105

The Globe Trade Building has evolved

over time; a collection of buildings built over

the years—a dry dock facility, ship building,

engine manufacturing, and a hotel. My

program in based on having a few key players:

hotel/restaurant, studio/office developer,

fabrication shop, and Shed 7—an extension of

the Eastern Market.

Each stakeholder brings a certain

strategic advantage to the table in both

construction and on going activity. The

Eastern Market acquires the land, the

fabrication shop contributes to the

construction, the studio/office developer

funds new construction, while the hotel pays

for building restoration.

Injecting new life into the

building’s history

Program

Sub

Sub

Sub

Sub

Architect + Contractor

FabricationShop

MarketPlace

Studio +OfficeOwner

Hotel+Restaurant

FabricationShop

Client

Construction sequence: starts with the

fabrication shop.

Dry Dock Hotel

Studio Spaces

Market Halls

Collaborative

Spaces

Page 12: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

106 107

Ground Floor Plan 1/32” = 1’ Second Floor Plan 1/32” = 1’

Page 13: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

108 109STUDIO–OFFICE Spaces

Page 14: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

110 111Main Hall

Page 15: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

112 113

Dry Dock Hotel–Restaurant

Page 16: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

114 115

Eastern Market Extension

Page 17: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

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The main halls are left in place, serving as

flex space used by all groups in the building.

During the day, the FLEX spaces serve as

workspace for the fabrication shop and the

studio occupants. We’re seeing that local/

micro-manufacturing models run differently

than traditional large scale manufacturing.

Tenants might spread out for a collaborative

manufacturing process with another tenant

in the building or with another business

from outside of the building, or even outside

FLEX Spaces/Shed 7

Detroit. The spaces are available for special

events where tenants might invite their

customers to co-design and co-make items.

During evenings in the summer, the

restaurant is able to spread out into the East

Hall space. Typically, they’ll use the space for

summer seating, but they may also rent the

space out for catering special events or for

concerts from the Bar/Lounge.

During weekends, the Eastern

Market spills into the FLEX spaces to host

non-produce related trade. Vendors, either

tenants or regional makers, activate the two

halls with market-style commerce.

Page 18: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

118 119

Page 19: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

120 121

Section B 1/32” = 1’Section Detail

(next page)

Page 20: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

122 123

Structure Restored

Structure Removed

Structure Added

Section Detail 1/4” = 1’ Material Use

Construction Diagram

Page 21: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

124 125

Circulation Diagram

Page 22: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

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North Entrance Sequence and Skylight

Atwater St. Globe Trading Co. Building DeQuindre Cut Greenway Trail Franklin St. Woodbridge St. E. Jefferson Ave. Undeveloped DeQuindre CutRiver WalkDry Dock No. 2 (1982)Detroit River

Page 23: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

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Detroit is a place full of contradiction

and irony. The enthusiasm and belief in

entrepreneurship is real. There are things

working in Detroit that would not work

anywhere else. The wild-eyed bunch that

inhabit the place are as authentic as they

come. And they believe in their city—they

will insist Detroit does not need rebirth

or rejuvenation, it’s already alive. There is

The NORMAL Detroit

another side though. Car rims still get stolen.

A visitor gets sidetracked and ends up in the

wrong part of town. An unexpected turn can

enchant or demystify the place. You can never

be sure what Detroit you will get. One day it’s

the place of opportunity, the next, your car

gets broken in to. The problems are real. This

is the normal in Detroit—a place of extremes.

Page 24: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

486 487

Flexible Living (pages 3-39)

1. Photographybyauthor,2011.

2. Map,www.mapquest.com

3. Dbrand.“DLogoSquare.”www.

visitdetroit.com

4.McCannErickson.“CreativityLivesin

Detroit.”SellingDetroitAssignment.

Advertisement.

5.Elliot,Stuart.“InDetroit,Agencies

CompetetoSellCityasaCreativeHaven.”

TheNewYorkTimes.15Nov.2009.

6.Florida,RIchard.www.creativeclass.com

7.Florida,Richard.“TheRiseoftheCreative

Class.”WashingtonMonthly.May2002.

Re(Industrial)mediation (pages 41-83)

1. Haque,Usman.“TheArchitectural

RelevanceofGordonPask.”Architectural

Design77(2007):54-61.Print.

2. TheMotor(less)City.Web.14Apr.2011.

<http://www.themotorlesscity.com/>.

3. Boyd,Liz.“GranholmSaysAdvanced

BatteryGrantsWillCreateThousands

ofGood-PayingJobsinMichigan.”SOM-

StateofMichigan.N.p.,30Nov.2010.Web.

24Jan.2011.<http://www.michigan.gov/

granholm/0,1607,7-168-23442_21974-219.

4. DZWONKOWSKI,Ron.“Www.freep.

com|Printer-friendlyArticlePage.”

DetroitFreePress|DetroitNews,

Sports,Community,Entertainment,and

Classifieds.ServingDetroit,Michigan|

Freep.com.DetroitFreePress.Web.14

Apr.2011.<http://www.freep.com/print/

article/20110306/COL32/103060570/

Editorial-Ron-Dzwonkowski-bottom-line-

Gov-Rick-Snyder-s-CPA-approach-budget-

complicated-by-politics>.

5. “BrownfieldsDefinition|Brownfields

andLandRevitalization|USEPA.”US

EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.USEPA.

Web.14Apr.2011.<http://www.epa.gov/

brownfields/overview/glossary.htm>.

6. http://cfpub.epa.gov/bf_factsheets/

gfs/index.cfm?xpg_id=7245&display_

type=HTML

7. “BrownfieldSites|Region4|USEPA.”

USEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.US

EPA.Web.14Apr.2011.<http://www.epa.

gov/region4/landrevitalization/program/

brownfieldsites.html>.

8. “TechTown–WayneStateUniversity

ResearchandTechnologyPark|Where

MindsandMeansConnect.”TechTown

–WayneStateUniversityResearchand

TechnologyPark|WhereMindsand

MeansConnect.N.p.,n.d.Web.20Jan.

2011.<http://techtownwsu.org/>.

9. Spiller,Neil.DigitalArchitectureNow:a

GlobalSurveyofEmergingTalent.London:

Thames&Hudson,2008.Print.

10. PhilipBeesleyArchitectInc.-PhilipBeesley

ArchitectInc.Web.14Apr.2011.<http://

www.philipbeesleyarchitect.com/>.

11. Rivera,Diego.DetroitIndustry,North

Wall.MarkHarden’sArtchive.N.p.,n.d.

Web.22Jan.2011.<http://www.artchive.

com/artchive/R/rivera/detroit_industry_

north.jpg.html>.

Social Production (pages 85-129)

1. Photograph.Model D Media: Model D

Speaker Series: Focus on Future of Detroit

Business.Web.27Jan.2011.<http://

www.modeldmedia.com/features/

speakerseries111.aspx>.

2. Photograph.Model D Media: Fast

Company: Torya Blanchard of Good Girls

Go To Paris Crepes.Web.27Jan.2011.

<http://www.modeldmedia.com/timnews/

toryablanchard20709.aspx>.

3. Photograph.CraftZine: Detroit’s City Bird:

Makers, Makers, Everywhere.Web.27

Jan.2011.<http://blog.craftzine.com/

archive/2010/03/detroits_city_bird_

makers_make.html>

4. Photograph.Emanuel Neculai.Detroit

SOUP.Web.27Jan.2011.<http://www.

detroitsoup.com/root/photos/>

5. Photograph.Justin Mast.SarahLapinski.

Web.17Jan.2011.

6. Photograph.CNN Assignment Detroit:

Detroit’s Ripple Effect.Web.27Jan.2011.

<http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2009/

smallbusiness/0902/gallery.detroit_

ripples.smb/7.html>.

7. DetroitEasternMarketWebsite.

Web.27Jan.2011.<http://www.

detroiteasternmarket.com/index.php>.

8. Photograph.Eastern Market District:

Economic Development Strategy <http://

www.detroiteasternmarket.com/media/

files/60_eastern_market_district_plan_

sept_2008.pdf>.

9. Photograph.Eastern Market District:

Economic Development Strategy <http://

ListofSourceMaterials

Page 25: Agent Entrepreneur - University of Michigan

488 489

www.detroiteasternmarket.com/media/

files/60_eastern_market_district_plan_

sept_2008.pdf>.

10. Photograph.Eastern Market District:

Economic Development Strategy <http://

www.detroiteasternmarket.com/media/

files/60_eastern_market_district_plan_

sept_2008.pdf>.

11. WebSource.Wikipedia: Dry Dock Complex

(Detroit, Michigan).Web.29Apr.2011.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_Dock_

Complex_(Detroit,_Michigan)>.

Black Sheep Detroit (pages 131-165)

1. FAOCorporateDocumentRepository.

“IntensiveSheepProduction...”

Milkingparlor,pitsystem.www.fao.

org/docrep/010/x.

2. AustralianSheepShearingnewstyle.

flickr.com/photos/powerhouse.

html?thisSpeed=undefined.

Scraptastic! (pages 207-245)

1. Photograph.DryDockComplex.

Wikipedia-TheFreeEncyclopedia.

28April2011.Web.1February2011.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_Dock_

Complex_%28Detroit,_Michigan%29

2-3.Photograph.Daskalakis,Georgia,

Waldheim,Charles,andYoung,Jason.

StalkingDetroit.Barcelona:Actar,2001.

4-5.Photoraph.BigJoeForklifts.28April

2011.Web.http://bigjoeforklifts.com/

stacker_trucks_PDS.html.

GO. (pages 357-395)

1. Photograph.Kozlowski,Kim.Flickriver.

Web.17Feb.2011.<http://www.flickriver.

com/photos/kimkozlowski/tags/sunrise/>

2. Photograph.Halsell,Cheryl.“jet

skis.”Flickr.Web.17Feb.2011.

<http://www.flickr.com/photos/

chereleven/591824963/>.

3. Photograph.Have a Health-Body.com.

Web.17Feb.2011.<have-a-healthy-body.

com>.

4. Photograph.Grant,Steve.“Chene

Park.”Flickr.Web.17Feb.2011.

<http://www.flickr.com/photos/

birmingham66/154605879/>.

5. Photograph.Findling,Bruce.Elevator

Building.2011.Detroit,MI.

6. Photograph.Findling,Bruce.Detroit

Riverwalk.2011.Detroit,MI.

7. Photograph.Widen,Jeff.“CampusMartius

Skating.”About.com Detroit.Web.17Feb.

2011.<http://detroit.about.com/od/

artsentertainment/tp/December-Events.

htm>.

8. Photograph.Yen,Katy.“Xsports.”Flickr.

Web.17Feb.2011.<http://www.flickr.

com/photos/hereiskaty/111809548/>.

9. Photograph.“Atthesouthendofthe

DequindreCut.”The Detroiter.com.Web.

17Feb.2011.<http://www.thedetroiter.

com/v3/2009/05/dequindre-cut-grand-

opening/>.

10. Photograph.Libbie.“Lookwho’s

actuallysmiling!”Blogger.Web.17Feb.

2011.<http://chrisandlibbie.blogspot.

com/2008/08/look-whos-actually-smiling.

html>.

11. Photograph.Guralnick,David.The

Detroit News.com. Web.17Feb.2011.

<http://detnews.com/article/20070620/

METRO/706200402/Riverfront-reborn--

Promenade-buoys-Detroit-s-shoreline>

Writing Detroit (pages 397-443)

1. Photograph,FlickrUser:beatricedinh,

WebApril16,2011.http://www.flickr.

com/photos/beatricedinh/4465251588/

2. Photograph,Web.April28,2011.http://

blogs.skokielibrary.info/bookshelf/

files/2010/11/old-books.jpg

3. Photograph,FlickrUser:Bradmcmahon,

Web.April16,2011.http://www.flickr.

com/photos/bradmcmahon/5388304205/

4. Photograph,Metromode,HackingMetro

Detroit,Web.April16,2011.http://

www.metromodemedia.com/Print.

aspx?FileID=37dd7c5c-1d75-4c1b-ba6f-

1f297a9e642d

5. Photograph,JamesBevilacqua,April28,

2011.