Age of Exploration

Obj: Identify Explorers and their

Motives

Team Portugal

Bartolomeu DiasFirst to sail around Cape of Good Hope (Southern tip of Africa)

Dias wanted to name the Cape “The Cape of Storms” because of the fierce storms that his ships encountered.

Ferdinand Magellan

First to circumnavigate (go around) the globe.

Vasco da GamaFirst to sail directly from

Europe to India (1497 - 1498)

Vasco da Gama’s landing at Calicut, India

Prince Henry the NavigatorPatron of explorers (like a Coach)

-Create navigation schools -Used new technology Ex: Magnetic Compass, Accurate Maps, Faster ships (caravel) -Pushed for explorationQ: Is there another modern or historical figure who pushed for new ideas?

Portuguese Empire

Team Spain

Christopher ColumbusSailed for SpainDiscovered the “New World”

(Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, etc.)

Enslaved native islanders, made them mine for gold

Hernando CortezConquered Mexico for Spain (defeating Aztecs)

Aztecs thought he was sent from the gods Brought horses+gunpowder He exploited this to force

Montezuma to surrenderEnslaved indigenous population

(local people)

Francisco PizarroConquered Incan Empire

Cortez and Pizarro’s men were Conquistadors (heavily armed Spanish warriors).

Conquistadors means “Conquerors”

Team England: Sir Francis Drake

First Englishman to circumnavigate the globe

Helped defeat Spanish Armada (1588)

Engaged in Piracy: Stole from the Spanish

Team France: Jacques Cartier

First to lay claims in CanadaSearching for North West

passage.

Motivations for Exploration 4ab

God: to spread (diffuse) Christianity

Religious groups (Puritans, Protestants, Catholics) come to New World

and convert indigenous (native) people to Christianity.

Gold (or anything valuable)Demand for gold, spices, and

natural resources in EuropeExample: Pepper cost $20.00 a pound.Do the Math: 50 ton ship x 2,000 x 20=

GloryPolitical / economic competition

TECHNOLOGY 4aInventions / innovations in

navigational arts from China, Ottomans, other countries

Prince Henry the Navigator combined all the new technology.Better ships (Caravel)Accurate maps Better Instruments (magnetic compass)

Exploration Impact: Europeans R.A.C.E.D. to conquer the Americas (4c)

Create a chart that looks like the following in your notes: Make the “R” row 5 spaces.

RR

AA

CC

EE

DD

Rigid class system and dictatorships in Latin America. Encomienda System=right of Spain to demand work/money from natives.

R:Spanish on Spanish on toptop

MestizosMestizos----part part Spanish, Spanish, part Native part Native AmericanAmerican

Native Native Americans, Americans, slaves on slaves on bottombottom

Africans brought to Americas as slaves

A: The cargo

hold of a slave ship was hot, cramped, and

putrid.

C: Colonies imitate culture and social

patterns of parent country. Ex: Language, Customs, traditions,

religion 1. Mexico=Catholic Religion because

Spain was Catholic 2. United States= English-heritage

because Great Britain created colonies.

3. Brazil=Portuguese Language

Europeans immigrate to Americas

E:They claim more land for their

country

Diseases kill Natives Americans

Demise of Aztec, Maya, and Inca Empires

D:

Small Pox

Impact on Africa (4c) Create trading posts along the coast that

trade in slaves and gold

Impact in Asia (4c) Colonization by small groups of merchants

(India, Japan, China) Influence of trading companies -Portuguese -British -Dutch

Where did they R.A.C.E.D to? (Use Map)Spain

North/South America, China, Japan, Philippians

PortugalBrazil, Coast of Africa, India, China, Japan

FranceQuebec (Eastern Canada), Western

America, India, Haiti, China England

Eastern America, India, Australia, South Africa, China, Japan