African Americans - Slavery

• Indentured servitude, plantation economics & Bacon’s Rebellion

• Triangle trade (slaves, molasses, rum)

• Slow growth in slave population in early 1600s

• 1680s slaves outnumber whites in plantation economies

• By 1720s, slave pop is self perpetuating

• Slave culture• Missouri Compromise

(1820)• Cotton Gin & cotton

economy• Freedmen• Slaves vs wage slaves• Dred Scott Decision

Black Americans

• Reconstruction –(13th, 14th, 15th Amendments)

• Reconstruction – new subjugation (KKK, black codes, sharecropping)

• Migrations to northern cities• KKK in the 1920s• W.E.B. Dubois & NAACP• Booker T. Washington• A. Philip Randolph• C.O.R.E., SCLC, SNCC

• Executive Order 8802• Executive Order 9981• Brown vs Board (1954)• Montgomery Bus Boycott

(1955-1956)• 24th Amend (1964) – Poll

Tax• March on D.C. (1963)• Civil Rights Act (1964)• Voting Rights Act (1965)• Urban Riots

Native Americans

• Highly advanced civilizations in Central America

• Advanced, but less complex civilizations in North America

• Hunter-gather & simple agriculture not strong enough or organized enough to resist European encroachment

• English – evacuate (removal from land)

• French – negotiate (trade)

• Spanish – subjugate & integrate (take over & intermarry)

Native Americans• Pequot War (1637, CT)• Pontiac’s Rebellion• G. Washington recognized tribes

as separate nations & would negotiate by treaties

• Tecumseh (1813)• Assimilation & Christianizing• Georgia, Jackson & the Cherokee

(1828)• 1830 Indian Removal Act• Indians defeated in wars east of

Miss. R. (1832-1837)• Trail of Tears (1838-1839)

• Dawes Severalty Act (1887)

• Indian Reorganization Act (1934)

• Wounded Knee (1890)• Eisenhower & push to

the cities• AIM - Alcatraz (1969-

1971)& Wounded Knee (1973)

Women

• Crucial to early New England success (early marriage & booming birthrate)

• S. women more powerful b/c more scarce (but all better off than women in England)

• “Republican Motherhood” (civic virtue, moral instruction) increased women’s educational opportunities

• 2nd Great Awakening• Cult of Domesticity –

1830-1860• Lowell Girls (1840s)

Women• Lucretia Mott, Elizabeth

Cady Stanton, & Susan B. Anthony

• Seneca Falls & Declaration of Sentiments

• Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell• Margaret Fuller

(transcendentalist journalist)

• Sarah & Angelina Grimke (abolition)

• Temperance & abolition• Suffrage• Women and Work• Glorification of

housewife in 1950s• Feminine Mystique• Women’s Lib

– Title IX– 1964 Civil Rights Act– ERA– Roe v. Wade