Written by: Erlangga Fauza

The Definiton of Affix

An addition to the base form or stem of a word in order

to modify its meaning or create a new word. Like in

Indonesian, affix can be attach before a word, in the

middle word, in the last word. And each of them have a

different meaning.

The Kinds of Affix

There are three kinds of affix. There are:

1.Prefix

2.Suffix

3.Infix

PREFIX

A letter or group of letters attached to the beginning of a word that partly indicates its meaning. In indonesian its called by awalan. Like me-, ber- di-, ke-, pe-, ter-. The example:• Membaca•Bergabung• TerbacaEach of them have a different meaning. The differences will explain in the bellow.

Me-Me-

The usage of me- are variate. There are mem-, men-,

meny-, meng- and menge-. The example:

melapor, membaca, menarik, menyanyi. And prefix me- is

include into active verb

THE MEANING OF ME-• To do something. The example:

mengambil, menjual

• To do something with tool. The example:

memotong, menyapu

• To be a something else or to be in certain condition.

The example: menurun, mendingin

• To make impression. The example:

membisu, mematung

• To going to somewhere. The example:

mendarat, mengudara

• To look for. The example:

merotan, mendamar

Di-Prefix di- is opposite from prefix me-.

Prefix di-

is include into passive verb.

The example:

disiram, ditulis, dirubah, dipakai and

etc.

Ber-Prefix ber- is different from other. Prefix ber- has a pattern if its

meet a special word. An the pattern:

• If prefix ber- followed by a base word within “r” and base word

with “er” in the end, the form of ber- is changing into be-.

The example: ber + rantai = berantai, ber + kerja = bekerja

• If prefix ber- meets a base word “ajar”, its changing into bel-.

The example: ber + ajar = belajar

• If prefix ber- meets another words above, no changing in it.

The example: ber + lari = berlari

The Meaning of Ber-• To have. The example:

berhasil, beranak

• To use. The example:

bersepatu, bersepeda

• To put out. The example:

berkata, bertelur

• To express a mental gesture. The example:

berbahagia, berbaik hati

• To show a quantity. The example:

berdua, betiga

Pe- (n)

The usage of prefix pe- (n) has a variation like prefix me-. And its also

depand on the usage.

The Meaning of The Meaning of Pe- Pe- (n) (n) • To show the subject or the actor. The example:

penulis, pembaca

• To show a job or work. The example:

perpanjang, perpendek

• To state a tool. The example:

penghapus, penggaris

• To state a character. The example:

pemaaf, pemalu

• To state a cause. The example:

pemanis, pemutih

Ke-

The meaning of prefix ke- :

• To state a set of number. The example:

kesebelasan

• To state a ordinal. The example:

kesatu, kedua

TER-

The prefix ter- almost same with di-. Prefix ter- has a function to

make a passive verb. The example:

ter + bakar = terbakar, ter + tendang = tertendang

Some of prefix ter- include into adjective. The example:

ter + pandai = terpandai, ter + kecil = terkecil

The Meaning of Ter-• To sow it have/has done or it can be. The example:

tetutup, terbuka

• to state inadvertance. The example:

terbawa, terlihat

• To state a suddenly event. The example:

teringat, terjatuh

• To show a possibility or to get. The example:

terbagus, ternilai

• To show the most or super. The example:

terpandai, tertua

Se-

The meaning of se- :

• To state a single or solo. The example:

selembar, sehelai

• To state an entirety. The example:

sekota, sedesa

• To state after event. The example:

sekembali, sepulang