Aerospace Module 2Aerospace Module 2

Aircraft Systems and AirportsAircraft Systems and Airports

Airplane Systems, Airports Airplane Systems, Airports and Aeronautical Chartsand Aeronautical Charts

EnginesEngines

• Reciprocating

• Jet

• Rocket

The Reciprocating EngineThe Reciprocating Engine

• Key Terms– Cylinder– Piston– Connecting Rod

• Cylinder Arrangements– In-line– “V” In-line– Radial– Horizontally Opposed

PowerPower

• 4 Phases:• Intake• Compression• Ignition/Power• Exhaust

ChemistryChemistry

• “Mixture” Lean – Less fuel Rich – More Fuel

• The Carburetor– Venturi Tube– Throttle valve– Float Chamber

Electrical and Powerplant ControlsElectrical and Powerplant Controls

• Powerplant – Throttle– Mixture

• Magnetos• Electrical

– Ammeter– Master Switch– Circuit Breakers

The Jet EngineThe Jet Engine

• Only one moving part!• Intake-Fan• Compression-Suction• Ignition/Power-Adding

fuel• Exhaust-Turbine

InstrumentsInstruments

Engine and Flight Engine and Flight

Engine InstrumentsEngine Instruments

• Oil Pressure Gauge• Oil Temperature

Gauge

• Tachometer

Flight InstrumentsFlight Instruments

• Pitot Static System

• Air weighs 14.7 pounds per square inch

• ASL pressure = 29.92 inches of Mercury or 1013.2 millibars.

• The “six-pack” = Altimeter, VVI, Airspeed Indicator, Turn Coordinator, Heading Indicator, Artificial Horizon

Instrument that use the Pitot-Static Instrument that use the Pitot-Static SystemSystem

• Altimeter-Static

• Vertical Velocity Indicator-Static

• Airspeed Indicator-Pitot

Gyroscopes and Gyro-Powered Gyroscopes and Gyro-Powered InstrumentsInstruments

• A gyroscope-spinning rotors

• Turn Coordinator-horizontal

• Artificial Horizon-horizontal

• Heading Indicator-vertical

Flight Profile and Traffic PatternFlight Profile and Traffic Pattern

• Profile:• Pre-flight inspection• Taxi• Takeoff and Climb• Cruise• Descent and Landing

• Traffic Pattern:• Departure• Crosswind• Downwind• Base• Final Approach

Runway Markings and SignsRunway Markings and Signs

• Markings:– Heading Numbers– Threshold Markings– ILS

• Signs:– Mandatory-Red background, white lettering– Location- Black background, yellow lettering– Direction, Destination and Information-Yellow

background, white lettering

Airport Lighting and Wind IndicatorsAirport Lighting and Wind Indicators

• Runway Lighting– Green=Beginning– Red=End

• ALS and VASI• Taxiway Lighting• Beacons

– Civilian-one white, ONE green

– Military-one white, TWO green

– Helicopter-one green, one white and one yellow

– Water-one white and one yellow

Wind Indicators• Wind sock-where the

wind is from• Wind Tee-direction• Tetrahedron-direction

Phonetic AlphabetPhonetic Alphabet

• A-Alpha• B-Bravo• C-Charlie• D-Delta• E-Echo• F-Foxtrot• G-Golf• H-Hotel• I-India• J-Juliet• K-Kilo• L-Lima• M-Mike

• N-November• O-Oscar• P-Papa• Q-Quebec• R-Romeo• S-Sierra• T-Tango• U-Uniform• V-Victor• W-Whiskey• X-X-ray• Y-Yankee• Z-Zulu

Aeronautical ChartsAeronautical Charts

• Sectional-based on the Lambert Conformal Conic Projection

• Latitude• Longitude• 1 in = 500,000 in or 8

Statue Miles or 6.85 Nautical Miles

• Legend:• Obstructions• Airports• Radio Aids• Topography• Airport Traffic Service

and Airspace Information

AirportsAirports

• Name• Symbol:

– Magenta=uncontrolled– Blue=controlled

• Elevation• L=Lighting in

operation from sunset to sunrise

• Length• Unicom

Example:• Cherokee (OK6ø) 1177 L 38 122.9 C

Questions?Questions?