aerodynamics (21).ppt

7/24/2019 Aerodynamics (21).ppt

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Federal AviationAdministration

1NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

Federal AviationAdministrationBASIC

AERODYNAMICS PART I

PRESENTED BY: Dennis H. Whitley

FAASTeam Lea Re!"esentati#eNORTH FLORIDA RE$ION


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OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

SHOW ME A PILOT THATCAN%T ANSWER A

CORRELATI&E '(ESTION

AND)OR CAN%T PERFORM A$I&EN TAS*+ , I%LL SHOW

YO( A PILOT THAT DOESN%T(NDERSTAND WHATHE)SHE IS TRYIN$ TO

ACCOMPLISH.

MY MOTTO


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#NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

FLI$HTINSTR(CTIN$ M(ST

NOT BE THE BY-PROD(CT OF

B(ILDIN$ FLI$HTHO(RS.


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$NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

B(ILDIN$ FLI$HTHO(RS M(ST BE

THE BY-PROD(CTOF FLI$HT

INSTR(CTIN$.


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%NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

SAFETY

COMMITMENT

&S

DEDICATION


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&NORTH FLORIDA FSDO-

/

0AN(ARY 12+ 133

AEROD!NA"IC

'ART I

THIS DISC(SSION IS BASED ON

S(BSONIC AIRCRAFT AND WILL BE

4&ERY BASIC5

4NO FORM(LAS5

4&ERY LITTLE MATH5


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(NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WE WILL TAL* ABO(TATMOSPHERIC PRESS(RE

6 FORCES LIFT)WEI$HT)THR(ST)DRA$

$RO(ND EFFECT

T(RNIN$ TENDENCIES

TRIM DE&ICES

AERODYNAMICS OF SPINS

SLIPS)S*IDS

AD&ERSE YAW


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)NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WHAT ISATMOSPHERI

C PRESS(RE7


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ATMOSPHERIC PRESS(RE IS THEWEI$HT OF ALL THE AIR (PON THE

S(RFACE OF THE EARTH.


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OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WHAT DOES 83 h9MEANS7HOW WAS ATMOSPHERIC

PRESS(RE MEAS(RED7


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"ERC*R! CONTAINER+ITH"ERC*R!

GLA T*BE1*AREINCHIN NERDIA"E TERB!#%INCH ETALLR*LERTOR ICELLI-"EA *RE"ENT

"ERC*R! CONTAINER+ITH"ERC*R!

GLA T*BE1*AREINCHIN NERDIA"E TERB!#%INCH ETALLR*LERTOR ICELLI-"EA *RE"ENT

" E R C * R !

C O N T A I N E R+ I T H" E R C * R !

G L A T * B E 1 , * A R E I N C H I N N E R D I A " E T E R B !

# % I N C H E T A L L

R * L E R

T O R I C E L L I - " E A * R E " E N T

8

YARD STIC*

8 INCHES TALL


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" E R C * R I A LB A R O " E T E R

T O R I C E L L I - R * L E R

8

YARD STIC*


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T O R I C E L L I - R * L E R

8

YARD STIC*


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E A L E . E L

A T " O ' H E R I C ' R E * R E

# 0 / 0 0


T O R I C E L L I -

" E R C * R !


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HOW WAS THE

DROP OF PRESS(REWITH ALTIT(DE

&ERIFIED7


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1(NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

HOW WAS THE

WEI$HT OF THEAIR DETERMINED7


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M E R C U R Y


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1 $ / ( l s / 1 $ / ( l s /

1 , * A R E I N C H

2 / 2 3 4 /


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OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WHAT

IS AN ALTIMETER7

A PRESS(REDIFFERENTIAL

$A($E


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FROMSO(RCE

H$3

/

63

3

8/

83

1/13

/

H$

3

/

63

3

8/

83

1/13

/

H$3

/

63

3

8/

83

1/13

/

FROMSO(RCE


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StaticPort

Kollsman

Window


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SEA LE&EL

static port

pressure

31.00 h.

sea

le!el

pressure

31.00 h.

8.338.33


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sea

le!elpressure

31.00 h.

static portpressure

"3.00 h.

8.338.33


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WHAT IS

ALTIMETER

SETTIN$7SEA LE&EL PRESS(RE

CORRECTED FORNONSTANDARD

TEMPERAT(RE.

WHAT IS THE MAIN REASON


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2&NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WHAT IS THE MAIN REASONTHAT AN AIRPLANE IS ABLE

TO FLY7BECA(SE OF THE WEI$HT

OF THE AIR.In ;the"


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2(NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

The @"an>h ;? s>ien>e

that eals e @y ai" ;es >alle airfoils.

DEFINITION OFAERODYNAMICS

IS THERE ANY THIN$ WRON$


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2)NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

IS THERE ANY THIN$ WRON$WITH THIS PICT(RE7

TWO THIN$S

THE FLOWIN$ OF THE RELATI&E WIND

THE DIRECTION OF THE RELATI&E WIND

CAN WE FLY WITH A FLAT


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CAN WE FLY WITH A FLATWIN$7

ST LAW:


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#0NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

AT CR(ISE COSTANT ALTIT(DE

LAW:E#e"y ;@e>t in a state ;? ni?;"m m;ti;n tens t;

"emain in that state ;? m;ti;n nless an ete"nal ?;">e isa!!lie t; it.8RD LAW:

F;" e#e"y a>ti;n the"e is an eal an ;!!;site"ea>ti;n.


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OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC


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OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

INIM(M MANE(&ERIN$ SPEEDINIM(M MANE(&ERIN$ SPEED

SLOW FLI$HTSLOW FLI$HT


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##NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

STALLSTALL

PA-1 SERIES

WHAT IS THE DEFINITION


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#$NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WHAT IS THE DEFINITIONOF FOIL7

TO PRE&ENT FROM BEIN$S(CCESSF(L

TO THWART


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AIRFOILAny s"?a>e esi9ne t;ee>t the ai";< !assin9;#e" it ;" st"iGin9 it+ anthe"e@y ;@tainin9 an se?l"ea>ti;n

AN AIRFOIL IS ANAIR DEFLECTOR

HOW MANY


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#&NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

HOW MANY

AIRFOILS ARETHERE7

AIRPLANE WIN$


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#(NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

AIRPLANE WIN$.

AILERONS.

SLATS

LANDIN$ FLAPS.

&ERTICAL STABILIER.

R(DDER.

HORIONTAL STABILIER.

ELE&ATOR)STABILATOR

TRIM TABS.

PROPELLER.

ROTOR BLADE.

F(SELA$E.F(SELA$E.

FEARIN$.FEARIN$.

STR(TS.STR(TS.

WHAT IS LIFT7
http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/%23Slide%2090http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/%23Slide%2077http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/%23Slide%2077http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_4/%23Slide%2090


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#)NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WHAT IS LIFT7

A FORCE CREATED BYA FORCE CREATED BY


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#NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

A FORCE CREATED BYA FORCE CREATED BY

A DEFLECTION OF AIRA DEFLECTION OF AIR

AND PRESS(RE DIFFERENTIAL ARO(ND ANAND PRESS(RE DIFFERENTIAL ARO(ND ANAIRFOIL.AIRFOIL.

IS CALLED LIFT WHEN IT ACTS (PWARD.IS CALLED LIFT WHEN IT ACTS (PWARD.

WHEN IT ACTS DOWNWARD IS CALLEDWHEN IT ACTS DOWNWARD IS CALLED

NE$ATI&E LIFT.NE$ATI&E LIFT.

WHEN IT ACTS SIDEWAYS IS CALLED SIDEWHEN IT ACTS SIDEWAYS IS CALLED SIDE

LIFT.LIFT.WHEN IT ACTS FORWARD IS CALLED THR(STWHEN IT ACTS FORWARD IS CALLED THR(ST


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$0NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

HOW IS LIFT

CREATED7

DEFLECTION -- ISSACNEWTON

AIR%S CHAN$E OF DIRECTION--BERNO(LLISPRINCIPLE

PRESS(RE DIFERENTIAL-- BERNO(LLIS

PRINCIPLE

AIR PASSIN$ BY AN

AIRFOIL


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OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WHAT%S WRON$ WITH THIS


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OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WHAT%S WRON$ WITH THISPICT(RE


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$#NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC


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$$NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC


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$%NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

CAN WE FLY

WITHO(T THE HELPOF BERNO(LLIS7


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$&NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC


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$(NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

THR(ST


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$)NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

THR(STThrust is a reaction force described

quantitatively by Newton's second andthird laws. When a system expels or

accelerates mass in one direction theaccelerated mass will cause a proportionalbut opposite force on that system.

LIFT


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$NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

LIFTLIFTis a reaction force described

quantitatively by Newton's second andthird laws. When a system expels or

accelerates mass in one direction theaccelerated mass will cause a proportionalbut opposite force on that system.

Thrust is LIT !I"#$T#! %"W&"!.


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%0NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

THE PROPELLER%S DEFLECTION OF AIRTHE PROPELLER%S DEFLECTION OF AIR


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OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC


52/76

Federal Aviation

Administration


OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC


53/76

Federal Aviation

Administration

%#NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

DRA$


54/76

Federal Aviation

Administration

%$NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

PARASITE DRA$

FORM

INTERFERENCE


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Federal Aviation

Administration

%%NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

$RO(ND EFFECT

COMMANDER TYSON

IND(CED DRA$

STA$NATION AREA


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Federal Aviation

Administration

%&NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

ASS(MEDASS(MED

AN$LEAN$LEOF ATTAC*OF ATTAC*

ASS(MED RELATI&E WINDASS(MED RELATI&E WIND

ASS(MEDASS(MED

LIFTLIFT

DOWNWASH

(PWASHRELATI&E WIND

IS THAT RI$HT7IS THAT RI$HT7

STA$NATION (PWASH


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Federal Aviation

Administration

%(NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

AREADOWNWAS

HRELATI&E C(RRENT

ASS(MEDASS(MED


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Federal Aviation

Administration

%)NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

ASS(MEDASS(MED

LIFTLIFT

IND(CED RELATI&E WINDIND(CED RELATI&E WIND

IND(CEDIND(CED

AN$LEAN$LE

OF ATTAC*OF ATTAC*

IND(CEDIND(CED

LIFTLIFT

DOWNWASDOWNWASHHASS(MEDASS(MED


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Federal Aviation

Administration

%NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC


IND(CEDIND(CED

AN$LEAN$LE

OF ATTAC*OF ATTAC*

HHASS(MEDASS(MED

LIFTLIFT

IND(CEDIND(CED

LIFTLIFT

ASS(MEDASS(MEDDOWNWASDOWNWASHH


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Federal Aviation

Administration

&0NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

ASS(MEDASS(MED

LIFTLIFT


IND(CEDIND(CED

AN$LEAN$LE

OF ATTAC*OF ATTAC*

IND(CEDIND(CED

LIFTLIFT

HH

WIN$WIN$

TIPTIP

&ORTICE&ORTICE

SSTOTAL END(CED DRA$TOTAL END(CED DRA$

WIN$WIN$


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(PWASH MODIFIES(PWASH MODIFIES

RELATI&E WINDRELATI&E WIND

DOWNWASH P(LLSDOWNWASH P(LLS

BAC* ON LIFT &ECTORBAC* ON LIFT &ECTOR

WIN$ TIP &ORTICES P(LLS LIFT &ECTOR F(RTHER BAC*WIN$ TIP &ORTICES P(LLS LIFT &ECTOR F(RTHER BAC*

WIN$WIN$

THREE-DIMENSIONALTHREE-DIMENSIONAL

FLOWFLOW



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Federal Aviation

Administration

&2NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

ASS(MEDASS(MED

LIFTLIFT


IND(CEDIND(CED

AN$LEAN$LE

OF ATTAC*OF ATTAC*

IND(CEDIND(CED

LIFTLIFT

HH

WIN$WIN$

TIPTIP

&ORTICE&ORTICE

SSTOTAL END(CED DRA$TOTAL END(CED DRA$



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Federal Aviation

Administration

NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

ASS(MEDLIFTLIFT


IND(CEDIND(CED

AN$LEAN$LE

OF ATTAC*OF ATTAC*

IND(CEDIND(CED

LIFTLIFT

HH

ASS(MEDASS(MED


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Federal Aviation

Administration

&$NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

LIFTLIFT

IND(CEDIND(CED

AN$LEAN$LE

OF ATTAC*OF ATTAC*

IND(CEDIND(CED

LIFTLIFT


WASHO(T


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Federal Aviation

Administration

&%NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

WASHO(T


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W#$% &'ES

%#E

S%$()*$%'R

&'+


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W#$% &'ES%#E

$,%)-SER'

%$( &'+

STABILIED (NACCELERATED CLIMB


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A

B

C

IF DESCENDIN$


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IF DESCENDIN$

IN A 3 J BAN*

HOW MANY $ %S7

DYHEADRAL


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Federal Aviation

Administration

(0NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

DYHEADRAL


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Federal Aviation

Administration

(#NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

AD&ERSE

YAW


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Federal Aviation

Administration

($NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

O&ERBAN*IN$TENDENCIES


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Federal Aviation

Administration

(%NORTH FLORIDA REGION

OCTOBER 02, 2010

BAIC AEROD!NA"IC

MANE(&ERIN$SPEED &A


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aerodynamics (21).ppt

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