adverbial clause jadi

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Adverbial Clause

An adverbial clause is a clause that has a function as an adverb so it describes or adds

to the meaning of a verb(verb modifier), an adjective and another adverb.Example :

I went to party yesterday.

I went to the party on Sunday.

I went to the party before I left for Calgary.

f irst “yesterday” as an adverb, “on Sunday” as an adverb phrase and “ before I left for

Calgary” is an adverb clause or adverbial clause.

An adverbial clause is a dependent clause with subject and verb, an adverb clause also

find a subordinate conjuction that keeps the clause from expressing a complete thought. So,an adverbial clause can answers the question How?, When? and Why?.

There are the seven type of adverbial clause based on the meaning of their

conjunction.

1. Adverb Clause of timeThese clauses are used to say when something happens by referring to a period

of time or to another event. These clauses are introduced by subordinate conjunctions

when, whenever, while, as, before, after , till , until , since , as soon as, by the time, no

sooner – than, etc

Example:

Shut the door before you go out.While she was walking home, she met her old friend.

By the time I arrive, Citra will have left.

No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.

I will stay with you until your mother comes home.

2. Adverb Clause of Place

These clauses are used to talk about the location or position of something. This

clauses are introduced by subordinate conjunctions where, nowhere, anywhere,

whenever etcExample :

They sat down whenever they could find empty seats.

The guard stood where he was positioned.

Where there is a will, there is the way.

He travels wherever he likes.

3. Adverb Clause of Contrast (or Concession)

These clauses are used to make two statements, one of which contrasts withthe other or makes it seem surprising. This clauses are introduced by subordinate



conjunctions although, though, even though, whereas, even if, in spite of, as the time ,

despite etc

Uses :

1. Although, Though & Even though + a clause (Subject + Verb)

2. In spite of & Despite + a noun, a pronoun/V-ing

3. In spite of & Despite are almost the same in usage.

Example :

as the time you were sleeping, we were working hard.

He is very friendly, even if he is a clever student.

Though she is poor, she is happy.

Although Gerry has a Master’s degree, he works as a store clerk.

Despite the bad taste, they eat all the eggs.

Concession can have an initial an a final position ( before or after mainclause)

Although he has plenty of money, he doesn’t spent much.

He doesn’t spent much, although he has plenty of money.

Contrast can also be expressed with the adverb “though” . when “though”

is used as an adverb, it always appears at the end of the sentence.

We were at the school together. I haven’t seen her for 2 years though.

Contrast can also expressed with adverb (however), coordinating

conjunction (but, yet) and preposition (despite and in spite of) .Example : In spite of feelling ill, she come to work.

4. Adverb Clause Of Manner

These clauses are used to talk about someone's behaviour or the way

something is done. This clauses are introduced by subordinate conjunctions as, how,

like,in that, as though, as if etc

Example :

Please do as I have told you.

You may finish it how you like.

That dog is walking around like he owns the place.He cries as if he were mad.

He speaks as though he were the boss.

5. Adverb Clause of Purpose and ResultThese clauses are used to indicate the purpose and the result of an action.

Usually indicated by subordinate conjunctions (in order) that, so that, in the hope

that, to the end that, lest etc

Example :

They went to the move early (in order) to find the best seats.



He is saving his money so that he may take a long vacation.

I am working night and day in the hope that I can finish this book soon.

6. Adverb Clause of Cause and Effect

These clauses are use to indicate relationships between cause and effect. There

some example about how to make adverbial clause of cause and effect.

a) Use formula (So + adj/adv + that)and (such + adj/a + noun + that)

It was so cold yesterday that I didn’t want to swim.

The student so badly that he was dismissed from the class.

It was such an interesting book that he couldn’t put it down.

She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her.

b) Use a preposition ( because of, due to, due to the fact that) Due to the cold weather, we stayed home.

c) Use a conj unction ( because, since, that, as, as long as, inasmuch as)

Because he was sleepy, he went to bed.

Inasmuch as the two government leaders could not reach an agreement, the

possibilities for peace are still remote.

d) Use transition words l ike therefore, consequently Edi failed the test because he didn’t study.

Edy didn’t study. Therefore, he failed the test.

Edy didn’t study. Consequently, he failed the test.

7. Adverb Clause of Condition

These clauses are used to talk about a possible or counterfactual situation and

its consequences, usually use conjunctions like if, even if, unless, in the even that (or

in even that), in case, provided (that), on condition that, if only, suppose (that) etc.

Example :

In case a robbery occurs in the hotel, the management must be notified at once.

She would forgive her boyfriend, if only he would come back to her.

Unless you run fast, you will miss the train.

Modifying Phrases

a) Some adverb clauses may be changed to modifying phrases. The way is the same

changing adjective clause:

Omit the subject and the be form of the verb of the

dependant clause

If there is no be form of a verb, omit the subject and change the verb to -ing

adverb clause can’t be changed to a modifying clause because the two clauseshave different subjects



Dian Nita Citra D 115061101111013

Gregorius Bagas 115061107111007

Intan Nuroniyah 115061113111001

Lilis Triyowati 116061101111009



Program Study Chemical Engineering

UNIVERSITY OF BRAWIJAYA

December, 2011

Example :

Adverb clause : Before I left for work, I ate breakfast.

Modifying phrase : before leaving for work, I ate breakfast.

While Frank was reading, he felt very upset.

While reading, Frank felt very upset.

Sometimes while in modifying phrases is omitted but the -ing phrase at the

beginning of the sentence gives the same meaning (= during the same time).

Example :

While he was reading, he felt very upset.

While reading, he felt very upset.

Reading, he felt very upset.

c) Expressing cause and effect relationships in modifying phrases.

Because is not used in a modifying phrase. It is omitted, but the resulting phrase

expresses a cause and effect relationship.

Because he worked, he didn’t come to attend the speech.

Working, he didn’t come to attend the speech.

Often an -ing phrase at the beginni ng of a sentence gives the

meaning of “because”.

Because she has moved, she doesn’t remember the way to the market.

Having moved, she doesn’t remember the way to the market.

Having + past part iciple gives the meaning not only of because, but

also of before.

Task !

1. try to make 5 sentences using an adverbial clause!

2. make a sentence using despite and in spite of!

3. make a sentence using so…that and such…that



Presented By Group 9 :

Dian Ni ta Citra D Gregorius Bagas I ntan Nuroniyah L il is Triyowati

adverbial clause jadi

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