Feb.Feb. 8,8, 20020066

ProfProf. Yasushi Yamao. Yasushi Yamao

UECUEC--AWCCAWCC

Advances in Wireless NetworksAdvances in Wireless NetworksTTowards a Ubiquitous Worldowards a Ubiquitous World

IEICE Lecture Meeting in Bandung

ContentsContents

Current market trends

Evolution scenario from 3G to 4G

“Mobile Ubiquitous”A synergistic combination of mobile communication systems and a ubiquitous environment.

1

Mobile Phone Penetration RateMobile Phone Penetration Rate

2Penetration rate (%)

70.6% Dec. 2005

0 20 40 60 80 100

China

Japan

France

Germany

U. K.

Sweden

Finland

Italy

U. S. A.

Dec. 2003Dec. 2001

Mobile Internet Migration in JapanMobile Internet Migration in Japan

3

86.8 %

（Millions）

Mobile Internetex. -mode

Total number of mobile subscribers

Num

ber o

f sub

scrib

ers

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Mobile Internet Migration in the WorldMobile Internet Migration in the World

4

From "2005 White Paper: Information and Communications in Japan"by the Japanese government.

0 20 40 60 80 100Japan

Korea

U.S.A.

Austria

Finland

Holland

Hong Kong

Australia

France

U. K.

Spain

China

Denmark

Penetration rate (%)

3G Deployment in Japan3G Deployment in Japan

Nationwide deployment (Population coverage of 99%) was achieved at the end of March 2004.

Are

a co

vera

ge b

y D

oCoM

o (%

)

5

0102030405060708090

100

May/2001 March/2002 March/2003 March/2004

Start of Monitor Service

Increase of 3G Increase of 3G SubscribersSubscribers in Japanin Japan

6

Num

ber o

f sub

scrib

ers

(Millions)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1 3 6 9 12 3 6 9 12 3 6 9 12

2003 2004 2005 (Year)

3G47.7 %(End of Dec.)

3G

2G

Migrati

on

Advances in Mobile CommunicationAdvances in Mobile Communication

7

1G1GAnalog

VoiceVoice

Fast DataFast Data&& MultimediaMultimedia

IMT-2000

Slow DataSlow Data

Digital

~ 64kbps384kbps~14Mbps

1980's 1990's 2000's 2010's

Global standard

NTT ('79)AMPS ('83)TACS ('85)etc.

PDC ('93)GSM ('92)IS95 ('95)etc.

2G2G 3G3G 4G

100Mbps～1Gbps

BroadbandBroadband＆＆ UbiquitousUbiquitous

WW--CDMACDMACDMA2000CDMA2000TDTD--CDMACDMA

Enhancement of Data SpeedEnhancement of Data Speed

8

Dat

a sp

eed

(bps

)

92 99 00 01

10M

1M

100k

10k

2G & 2.5GW-CDMA

約14M

2-3M

Peak

3G & 3.5GAverage

MAX. 2M

2ndG band (800MHz PDC)

3rdG band (2GHz)

1k93 94 95 96 97 98 02 03 04 05

384k

2.4k

PDC

9.6k

PDC

28.8k

PDCPacket

32k

PHS

64k

PHS

2ndG band (1.9GHz PHS)

HSDPA

Year06

High-SpeedDown linkPacket Access

Adaptive modulation and encoding

Time

Dat

a sp

eed

14Mbps

User BUser A

0111

1011

1001 000

1 0011

1010 100

00000 001

0

1110 110

0 0100

0110

1111 110

10101011

1

1011

1001 000

1 0011

1010 100

00000 001

0

1110 110

0 0100

0110

1111 110

10101

User A stateUser B state

16QAMR=0.89

QPSKR=0.5

16QAMR=0,84

Packet speed changes from 384 kbps to14 Mbps for each user.

14 Mbps2 Mbps

384 kbps

TimeB

it R

ate

Tx P

ower

14 Mbps

384 kbpsAAA

B BC CBB D

HADPAHADPA (High(High--Speed Downlink Packet Access)Speed Downlink Packet Access)

Goal;

Technologies；

• Low bit-cost by more efficient use of down link radio resource.• Increase peak and average user throughput.

• Adaptive modulation and encoding，Hybrid-ARQ

9

HSDPA Terminals (Prototype)HSDPA Terminals (Prototype)

10Courtesy of NTT DoCoMo

DoCoMo developed prototype terminals with maximum down link speed of 3.6 Mbps.

New Broadband Packet Wireless Access Technology willremarkably enhance system performance.

IMT-2000

1 10 1000.1

Mob

ility

Nationwide

Indoor/ FWA

Premises

Citywide

Data rate (Mbit/s)

Millimeter-waveLAN

Nomadic WirelessAccess ((W-LAN))

2G3G

• High-speed• High-capacity• Short delay• Low bit cost• IP-based?

4G3.5G

4G Enhancement in Transmission 4G Enhancement in Transmission

11

1000

Two Streams with Overlapping GoalTwo Streams with Overlapping GoalM

obili

ty

Global

Nationwide

Indoor/ FWA

Premises

Citywide

Information Speed (Mbit/s)

Cellar and Wireless LAN technologies will target a similar field.

122002 c NTT DoCoMo

10 1000.1

NomadicWireless Access

2G3G 3.5G

CellularCellular

Millimeter-waveLANWLANWLAN

4GWiMAX

100Mb/s

100M-1Gb/s

1

1Gbps Wireless Access1Gbps Wireless Access

13

MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)

Spectrum efficiency target: 10bit/Hz Demultiplexing method is the key.

1. IP Convergence in Layer 3 may enable Seamless Serviceamong heterogeneous NWs.

- Unified Mobility Management (Both macro- and micro-mobility)is key technology.

- Security Measures will be more important considering connection to private NWs.

FixedpublicNW

Mobilepublic NW

OfficeLAN

HomeLAN

AP

PHYlayer

Midlayer

Mobility

FixedpublicNW

MobilepublicNW

OfficeprivateLAN

HomeLAN

IP layer

CommonAP1

CommonAP2

CommonAP3

IP Network IP Network TechnologTechnology y ImpactImpact

142002 c NTT DoCoMo

4G Evolution Scenario4G Evolution Scenario

15

PDCPDC-P

ATM -> IP3G RAN -> IP RAN

3G, 3.5G, 4GWLAN, Non-cellular

2G 3G 4G

Services

Systems

i-modeFOMA

Mobile UbiquitousMobile multimediaMobile Internet

E-mailWeb Access Visual mail

TV conferenceVideo phone Object-related application

Application based on real world info.

UbiquitousCollaboration

16

MultiSphere Model (Ref. WWRF report)

Level : PAN (Personal Area Network),Wearable Devices Terminals

Level : Immediate Environment (Ubiquitous)

Level : Instant Partners(Ad hoc Networking)

Level : Radio Accesses (Global)3G, 4G Mobile Network

Level : CyberWorld (Internet)

（Figure：WWRF 2001）

Vision of Future Wireless CommunicationVision of Future Wireless Communication

Wireless technologies connect everything !

Ubiquitous: NonUbiquitous: Non--Human CommunicationsHuman Communications

17

Human Human toto HumanHumanEE--mailmailMM mailMM mail

VoiceVoice

ii--modemodeNet browsingNet browsing

ITSITSGPSGPS

TeleTele--meteringmeteringRemote Remote operationoperation

MobileMobilenetworknetwork

PDC/PDCPDC/PDC--P/PHS/P/PHS/WW--CDMACDMA

Mobile multimediaMobile multimedia

MMDMMD

Human Human toto MachineMachine Machine Machine toto MachineMachine１

2 34

5 67

8 9* 0 # TagTag

RFRF--IDID

PAN/HANPAN/HAN

Ad-hoc NW2

Mobile Ubiquitous ModelMobile Ubiquitous Model

18

Mobile terminal can "network" with various ubiquitous elements.

(Devices, networks)

Mobile terminalas Ubiquitousgateway

4G Broadbandradio accessas Mobile highway

Global mobile network/Internet

Heterogynousubiquitous elements

Up to 100 Mbps

Ad-hoc NW1

Tag/RF-ID

Devices for remoteoperation

Personal / home areaNW & devices

Human com. I/F

Ubi

quito

us

gate

way

I/F

Internet service4G

acc

ess

I/FU1U2U3U4U5

AP

AP

AP

AP

Other mobile terminals

Ubiquitous Element (1) Ubiquitous Element (1) --PAN/HANPAN/HAN--

19

Personal Area Network (PAN) Home (or Room) Area Network (HAN)

Household appliance

PC

Electronic moneyAudio/ visual devices

Clothing with sensor

Logically reconfigurable terminal – enhancing its function with surrounding devices available at that time.

Ubiquitous Element Ubiquitous Element (2) (2)

20

Size: 37 x 35.7 x 5 mmWeight: 13 g

* DoCoMo Packet service by PDC-P system

Vending machines

Video monitors

Delivery vehicles

--Device for RemoteDevice for RemoteOperationOperation--

Dopa* ubiquitous module can be installed in any machineor product and adds a packet communication function.

Ubiquitous Element (3) Ubiquitous Element (3) --BarcodeBarcode--

New mobile phones can capture and decode two-dimensional (2D) barcodes. If necessary, they access the URL indicated in the code and obtain detailed information.

Dr. Yasushi Yamao

ex. Business card,Goods,

2D BarcodeF. name: Yasushi L. name: YamaoSex: MaleTitle: PhDAffiliation: DoCoMoE-mail: XXX@XXXHobby: ?

Personal Data

21

Ubiquitous Element (4) Ubiquitous Element (4) --Sensor NWSensor NW--

22

Sensor networks (Weather, earthquake, environmental change, etc.)

Sensor NW

AP

AP

AP

AP

Global mobile network/Internet

１ 2 34 5 67 8 9* 0 #

１ 2 34 5 67 8 9* 0 #

１ 2 34 5 67 8 9* 0 #

SummarySummary

23

• Survey current market trends and present an evolution scenario from 3G to 4G

• Proposed “Mobile Ubiquitous” and described its value.

Thank you for your attention!