advanced respirator user training
TRANSCRIPT
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Occupational Health & Environmental Safety
3M Respirator User Training
N.B. All information is presented as accurate and in good faith at the time of writing. 3M cannot be held responsible for any issues relating to changes to information occurring after the date of publish.
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• Why respirators are needed
• How they should be selected
• How users should be trained to use them
3M Respirator User Training
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• Step 1 – Identify possible hazards on site or workplace
• Step 2 – Assess risk and understand the effects of those hazards on the people working there
• Step 3 – If appropriate, select the correct Respirator
• Step 4 – Train people in the use of their Respirator
3M Four Step Guide to Respiratory Protection
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• Are they short or long term?
• If gases or vapours, can they be easily and safely detected by smell or taste?
• Is it possible to eliminate the problem by other means (engineering out or local exhaust ventilation), separation or substitution of less harmful materials ?
Before making your selection …
Be sure to understand the possible health effects of the hazards on site.
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Remember that respirators should be
considered as a last resort when it is not
practical to use alternative methods and when
all other control measures have been
adequately considered.
Before making your selection …
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What is the Permitted Exposure Limit?
Most substances have an assigned limit that allow control measures to be assessed.
These limits are called Workplace Exposure Limits (WELs).
WELs are listed in EH:40 (published by HSE and generally revised annually)
Control
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Dusts - Describes a range of small dry particles
Particulates
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Mists - Describes tiny liquid droplets formed from liquid materials either by atomisation or condensation processes
Particulates
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Fume - Describes a fine aerosol which can be chemically or thermally generated (eg Welding)
Particulates
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• Nasal hair• Mucus• Coughing/sneezing
When the dust particles are small enough or the concentration is large enough, these natural defences can be overcome leading to problematic health effects.
The body has natural defencesto airborne particle hazards
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• With good lighting it is just possible to see a particle 50 microns in diameter at a distance of 10 inches (250cm)
• Particles of between 3 microns and 0.5 micron can reach the alveoli and settle there
• Particles as small as these are invisible to the naked eye
Visible particle size
It is very difficult to persuade people to protect themselves from particles they cannot see!
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Gases Substances similar to air in their ability to diffuse or spread freely throughout a container or area. Examples of gases include oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and helium
Gases & Vapours
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The gaseous state of substances that are either liquids or solids at room temperature. Formed when solids or liquids evaporate.
Examples include petroleum, paint thinners and degreasing solvents.
Gases & Vapours
Vapours
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The body can only detect hazardous gases if they have good warning properties e.g.
-Taste or Smell
Detecting hazardous gases…
If these warning properties cannot be detected at non hazardous levels, there may be serious consequences!
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Select by considering the following things:• Type - based on hazard• Protection Factors- Max. Use Limitations• Wearer Factors• Workplace Factors• Maintenance• Comfort• User preference
3M 4-Step Guide to Selection of RPESTEP 3 - Select RPE product
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Examples of Wearer Factors
• Is it suited to the job AND the wearer?
• Is it compatible with other PPE?
• For non-disposable RPE consider maintenance implications
• Is the chosen respirator wearer acceptable? Do they like wearing it?
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Assigned Protection Factors (APF)
• APFs have REPLACED Nominal Protection Factors (NPFs) when selecting RPE.
• APFs are generally significantly LOWER than NPFs and are a more realistic measure of respirator performance.
• APFs are listed in HSE book – HSG53
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Particulate Respirator - APFsAir Filtering – Negative Pressure Respirators
FFP1APF= 4
APF= 20
FFP3
APF= 10
FFP2Hazard level
x WEL
20
4
10
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ExampleThe mean daily personal exposure of carpenters in a wood working shop is 55 mg/m3 (softwood only).
– Softwood dust WEL = 5 mg/m 8 hour TWA
– Level of Respiratory Protection =
Therefore RPE to select needs an APF >11, so evaluate FFP3.
Selection of RPE
55 mg/m3
5 mg/m3
= 11 x WEL
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11
Particulate Respirator - APFsAir Filtering – Negative Pressure Respirators
FFP1APF= 4
APF= 20
FFP3
APF= 10
FFP2Hazard level
x WEL
20
4
10
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FFP3 device
NPF = 50APF = 20
NPF = 1000APF = 40
Full Face mask +P3
Airsuit
NPF = 2000APF = 200
NPF = 200APF= 40
Air-Supplied Visor
Examples of APFs
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Disposable Facepieces• the whole mask area is the filter. • Standard - EN149. • 3 classes: FFP1, FFP2 and FFP3
Reusable filters• Filters are attached to a facepiece• Facepiece can be a half mask or a fullface
mask or Powered Respirator • 3 Classes P1, P2 and P3.
Selecting 3M Respirators for Dust
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A = Organic Vapours (Boiling point > 65oC)B = Inorganic VapoursE = Acid GasesK = Ammonia & DerivativesAX = Organic Vapour (Boiling point < 65oC)
Check colour coding on filters as above.
Gases/vapours should also have good warning properties.
Selecting Gas & Vapour Filtersfor Reusable Respirators
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• Hazard Awareness
• RPE Use
• Fit
• Maintenance
• Storage
• Emergency
Step 4: RPE Training