adobe photoshop cc on demand 4

Closing a Document

Close a Documento Click the Close button on theDocument tab or click the Filemenu, and then click Close orClose All.

TIMESAVER Press Ctrl+W(Win) or ~+W (Mac) to close theactive document.

o If necessary, click Yes (Win) orSave (Mac) to save your changes.

Did You Know?You can close all documents in onestep. Click the File menu, and thenclick Close All. If necessary, click Yesor Save to save your changes for eachdocument. To apply the option to allopen documents, click the Apply to Allcheck box. You can also pressAlt+Ctrl+W (Win) or Option+~+W(Mac) to close all documents.You can close documents and openBridge in one step. If you wish to closethe open document or documents andthen open Bridge, click the File menu,and then click Close And GoTo Bridge.

To conserve your computer's resources, close any Photoshop docu-ments you are not working on. You can close open documents one at atime (choose Close from the File menu or click the Close button on theDocument tab), or you can use one command to close all open docu-ments without closing the program (choose Close All from the Filemenu) and apply the save option to all of them at once. Either way, ifyou try to close a document without saving, a dialog box appears,prompting you to save your changes.

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Chapter 1 Getting Started with PhotoshopCC 31

Finishing Up

Exit Photoshop from Windows

o Click the File menu.o Click Exit.

TIMESAVER Click the Closebutton on the program window orpress Ctrl+Q to exit Photoshop.

o If necessary, click Yes to saveyour changes.

Photoshop closes and you arebrought back to your desktop.

Quit Photoshop from Macintosh

o Click the Photoshop menu.

o Click Quit Photoshop.

TIMESAVER Press ~+Q toexit Photoshop.

o If necessary, click Save to saveyour changes.

Photoshop closes and you arebrought back to your desktop.

32 Chapter 1

Now that you've decided how you want to save your document, it'stime to leave Photoshop. You'll want to make sure that all of your docu-ments have been properly saved and closed before you exit Photoshop.Photoshop performs a bit of memory management, saves the currentlocation of the panels and toolbox, and then quits.

Click to exit Photos hop

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Understanding Navigationand Measurement Systems

Introduction

When you go on a road trip, you need two things to makethe trip a success: good navigational aids (maps), and anunderstanding of how to measure distances between twopoints on a road map (1 inch typically equals 100 miles).When you are working with Adobe Photoshop, one of thekeys to making the journey a success is to understand thenavigational and measurement aids available. Photoshop letsyou choose a measurement system to fit a specific project.For example, if you're working on images destined for theweb or a monitor, you'll be using pixels as a measurementsystem.

Conversely, if you're outputting to paper, or possibly a4-color press, you'll likely choose inches or picas. Selectingbetween different measurement systems does not impact thequality of the final image, only how you measure distance.Trust me on this one; understanding how to measure dis-tance helps to make the journey an enjoyable experience (Iknow from experience).

Having problems squinting at the small details of a photo-graphic image? Using the Zoom tool is a great way to getyou focused where you need to be. Zooming into a specificsection of a document makes touching up the fine details justthat much easier. In addition, the Info panel gives you up-to-date information on the exact position of the cursor insidethe document, as well as detailed color information that canbe indispensable in color-correcting an image.

The ability to create text annotations allows you to recorddocument information that might be vital to the processingof the image and pass it on to anyone who opens the docu-ment. Photoshop's navigation and measurement systems aremore than just information; they represent control of the doc-ument and control of the creative process.

What You'll Do

Change the View Size and Area withthe Navigator Panel

Change the Color of the Navigator PanelView Box

Change the Screen Display Mode

Change the View with the Zoom Tool

Increase or Decrease Magnification

Move Images in the Document Window

Work with Multiple Documents

Work with One Image inMultiple Windows

Move Layers Between Documents

Create Notes

Work with the Info Panel

Change How the Info PanelMeasures Color

Work with Rulers

Take Measurements in an Image

Count Objects in an Image

Create Tool Presets

33

Changing the ViewSize with theNavigator Panel

Change the View Size with theNavigator Panelo Select the Navigator panel.

o Use one of the following methodsto change the view size:

Drag the triangular slider to theright to increase the zoom or tothe left to decrease the zoom.

• Click the small and largemountain icons, located to theleft and right of the triangularslider, to decrease or increasethe zoom.

• Enter a value from .2% to3200% into the Zoom box.

Did You Know?There are additional ways to zoom inusing the Navigator panel. In the Viewbox, hold down the Ctrl key, and thendrag to resize the active document.You can constrain the view box todrag horizontally or vertically. Holddown the Shift key, and then drag theview box horizontally or vertically.

34 Chapter 2

Photoshop's Navigator panel gives you an overall view of the imageand the ability to navigate through the document or change the zoomsize. Viewing images at different sizes gives you the ability to focus on

. small elements of the design without actually changing the image inany way. Once small areas of an image are enlarged, it's easier for youto make minute changes. Zoom size determines the visible size of animage; the zoom percentage can be seen in the document window.Zooming in (enlarging the image) by using the handy magnifying glasslets you work on and manipulate fine details, and then you can zoomout (reduce the image) to view how the changes impact the entireimage. The maximum magnification of a Photoshop document is 3200%,and the minimum size is 1 pixel. The Navigator panel contains a thumb-nail view of the image, and under the thumbnail are easy-to-use con-trols that let you adjust the zoom of the image. In addition, changesmade in the Navigator panel are immediately viewable in the activedocument window (what you see is what you get).

Histogram Info

Clickmountainiconsto increaseor decreasethe zoom.

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Entera zoomvalue Dragsliderto zoom

For Your Information

Navigator Panel ShortcutYou can control the view of the document through a great shortcut.Simply click once in the Zoom input box on the Navigator panel, andthen use the Up/Down arrow keys to increase or decrease the zoomvalue of the document 1% at a time. Not fast enough for you? Thenhold down the Shift key, and use the Up/Down arrow keys to changethe zoom size 10% at a time. Press the Enter key to see your changesreflected in the active document window.

Changing the ViewArea with theNavigator Panel

Change the View Area with theNavigator Panelo Select the Navigator panel.

• Drag the view box in the thumbnailof the active image.

Click within the thumbnail.

....•

The position of the view boxchanges, which also changes theviewable area of the image in thedocument window.

Did You Know?You can show the Navigator panel. Ifthe Navigator panel is not visible, clickthe Window menu, and then clickNavigator.You can change the Zoom size of animage using the Navigator thumbnail.Hold down the Ctrl key (Win) or the ~key (Mac), and then drag in the thumb-nail. When you release your mouse,the selected area expands. It's just likeusing the Zoom tool, except you'redragging in the Navigator's thumbnail.Conversely, if you drag a second time(this time using a larger rectangle). theimage zooms out.

Zoomed images are typically larger than the size of the document win-dow. When this happens, Photoshop adds navigational scroll bars tothe bottom and the right of the document window. However, usingscroll bars is not the only way to change your position within the image;the Navigator panel gives you a visible approach to changing the view-able area of the image. The view box in the Navigator panel representsthe visible boundaries of the active document window, which is theviewable area of the image.

••

Chapter 2 Understanding Navigation and Measurement Systems 35

Changing the Color ofthe Navigator PanelView Box

Change the View Box Caloro Select the Navigator panel.

• Click the Navigator Options button,and then click Panel Options.o Click the Color list arrow, and thenclick a predefined color, or clickCustom to select a color from theColor Picker dialog box.

o Click OK.

Did You Know?Youcan increase the size of theNavigator panels thumbnail.Drag the lower right corner of theNavigator panel to expand the size ofthe panel. As the Navigator panelincreases in size, so does thethumbnail.

36 Chapter 2

The colored box in the Navigator panel (proxy preview area) definesthe viewable area of the image. It's important for the colored lines ofthe view box to stand out clearly against the image. The default color ofthe view box is a light red; however, some documents contain imagesthat are predominantly the same color as the colored lines of the view-able area, making the viewing area difficultto identify. By changing thecolor of the lines, you can make sure they stand out against the image.This may seem like a small thing, but choosing a color that contrastswith my image significantly cuts down on my frustration level when I'mattempting to identify the viewable area.

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Changing the Color ofthe Navigator PanelView Box

Change the View Box Coloro Select the Navigator panel.

o Click the Navigator Options button,and then click Panel Options .

•• Click the Color list arrow, and thenclick a predefined color, or clickCustom to select a color from theColor Picker dialog box.

o Click OK.

Did You Know?Youcan increase the size of theNavigator panels thumbnail.Dragthe lower right corner of theNavigator panel to expand the size ofthe panel. As the Navigator panelincreases in size, so does thethumbnail.

36 Chapter 2

The colored box in the Navigator panel (proxy preview area) definesthe viewable area of the image. It's important for the colored lines ofthe view box to stand out clearly against the image. The default color ofthe view box is a light red; however, some documents contain imagesthat are predominantly the same color as the colored lines of the view-able area, making the viewing area difficult to identify. By changing thecolor of the lines, you can make sure they stand out against the image.This may seem like a small thing, but choosing a color that contrastswith my image significantly cuts down on my frustration level when I'mattempting to identify the viewable area.

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Changing the ScreenDisplay Mode

Change the Screen Modeo Click Change Screen Mode buttonon the toolbox to toggle betweenscreen modes or click the ChangeScreen Mode button arrow, andthen select the mode you want:

Standard Screen Mode.Displays the image against agray, black, or custom colorbackground (Win), or with thevisible desktop (Mac). Allmenus and panels are visible.

Full Screen Mode with MenuBar. Centers the image, anddisplays it against a gray, black,or custom color background.

Full Screen Mode. Centers theimage, and displays it against agray, black, or custom colorbackground. (Default: Black)

TIMESAVER Press Fto togglebetween the screen modes.

Did You Know?You can temporarily hide a/l of thepanels and toolbox. Press the Tab keyto hide the toolbox and panels. Pressthe Tab key a second time to displaythe hidden toolbox and panels. Holddown the Shift key, and then press theTab key to hide the panels, but not theToolbox or Options bar. In Interfacepreferences, you can choose to haveeither a border, a drop shadow or noeffect for each screen mode.

Since monitor backgrounds, combined with Photoshop's panels, adddistracting colors to your workspace, changing the Screen Mode givesyou a chance to isolate your image against a solid color background.Viewing your images against a black, gray (dark, medium, or light), orcustom background helps your eyes identify the true colors within animage. The Screen Display mode provides different ways to display theactive image. For example, you can choose a Screen Mode thatchanges the background to black, and then hides all the panels.

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Changing the Viewwith the Zoom Tool

Zoom In the View of an Image• Select the Zoom tool on the

toolbox.

o Use one of the following methods:

Click on the document. Zoomsin centered on where youclicked.

Drag to define an area with theZoom tool. Zooms in based onthe area boundaries youdragged. When you zoom in tomore than 500%, a Pixel Gridappears, making it easy forpixel-specific modifications. Toshow or hide, click the Viewmenu, point to Show, and thenclick Pixel Grid,

• Bird's Eye View. Press andhold the H key, and then clickand hold your mouse totemporarily zoom in (with Handtool). If only part of imageshows, then it zooms out. Dragthe zoom marquee to zoom intoanother spot.

38 Chapter 2

Working with the Zoom tool gives you one more way to control exactlywhat you see in Photoshop. Just like the Navigator panel, the Zoom tooldoes not change the active image, but allows you to view the image atdifferent magnifications. The Zoom tool is located towards the bottomof Photoshop's toolbox, and resembles a magnifying glass. The maxi-mum magnification of a Photoshop document is 3200%, and the mini-mum size is 1 pixel. Increasing the magnification of an image gives youcontrol over what you see and gives you control over how you work.Large documents are difficult to work with and difficult to view, Manylarge documents, when viewed at 100%, are larger than the maximumsize of the document window, requiring you to reduce the zoom in orderto view the entire image. You can also use the 200% view (Newl),which works well for high resolution (HiDPI) displays (Newl).

Click and drag method

Zoom Out the View of an Image

o Select the Zoom tool on thetoolbox.

Hold down the Alt (Win) or Option(Mac) key, and then click on thescreen to reduce the zoom of theactive document.

The zoom reduction centers onwhere you click on the activedocument.--

Did You Know?You can zoom in or out using shortcutkeys regardless of the current tool, Tozoom in, press Ctrl-Spacebar (Win) or~+Spacebar (Mac) and click or dragto define an area. To zoom out, pressCtrt-Spacebar-Alt (Win) or ~+Space-bar-Option (Mac) and click or drag todefine an area.

You can continuously zoom. You needto set Animated Zoom in GeneralPreferences and Use Graphics Proces-sor in Performance Preferences. Tocontinuously zoom in, click and dragright or click and hold. To continuouslyzoom out, click and drag left or Ctrl(Win) or Option (Mac)-click and hold.

You can get a better display in highresolution at 200% view, The userinterface includes HiD PI (New!),which improves the display on highresolution devices, such as a MacBookPro with Retina display. To help youwork better with HiD PI, you can usethe 200% view, available on the Viewmenu. You can also Ctrl-double-click(Win) or ~+double-click (Mac) theZoom tool (New!) to view the activedocument at 200% or Shift-Ctrl-dou-ble-click (Win) or Shift+~+double-click (Mac) the Zoom tool (New!) toview all open documents at 200%.

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Increasing orDecreasingMagnification

Increase or Decrease the ZoomMagnification of an Imageo Select the Zoom tool on the

toolbox.

o Click the Zoom In or Zoom Outbuttons on the Options bar, andthen click in the document windowto increase or decrease the zoom.o Select the Resize Windows To Fitcheck box on the Options bar toresize the active document to fitthe zoomed window .

• Select the Zoom All Windowscheck box on the Options bar tozoom all open document windowsto the same magnification.

o Select the Scrubby Zoom checkbox to zoom continuously. Ifgrayed out, enable Use GraphicsProcessor in PerformancePreferences and Animated Zoomin General Preferences. Click anddrag left to zoom out or right tozoom in.

o Click 100% (New!), Fit Screen, orFill Screen on the Options bar tozoom the screen to a preset size.

• View Menu. Click the Viewmenu, and then click Fit onScreen, 100% (New!), 200%(New!), or Print Size.

TIMESAVER Hold the Ctrl(Win) or~ (Mac) key, and thenpress the plus "+" (increases) orminus "-" (decreases) keys.

40 Chapter 2

Since changing the magnification of an image is fundamental to an opti-mal workflow, Photoshop gives you several ways to zoom. One way is touse the Zoom tool and another is to use zoom options on the Optionsbar, which includes Resize Windows to Fit, Zoom All Windows, ScrubbyZoom, 100%,Fit Screen and Fill Screen. You can also use the 200%view(New!), which works well for high resolution (HiDPI) displays. To auto-matically zoom the document to 100%,double-click the Zoom tool, orCtrl (Win) or ~ (Mac) double-click to zoom at 200%.To automaticallyfit the image into the workspace, double-click the Hand tool.

View using the100%button

~L'''~+- View usingthe FitOnScreenbutton

Moving Images inthe DocumentWindow

Move an Image in theDocument Window

o Select the Hand or Rotate Viewtool on the tool box.

o Drag in the active document tomove or rotate the image.

When you rotate the image to adifferent canvas angle, a compassappears to indicate north in theimage regardless of the currentcanvas angle .

• To rotate a specific angle, entera value in the Rotation Anglefield.o To restore the image back to the

normal canvas angle from arotation, click Reset View.

Did You Know?You can quickly access the Hand toolwhenever you need it. Hold down theSpacebar to temporarily change to theHand tool. Drag in the active documentto the desired position, and thenrelease the Spacebar. You're instantlyreturned to the last-used tool. It'simportant to note that you cannot usethe Spacebar to access the Handtoolif you are currently using the Typetool.

One of those little used, but handy, tools is Photoshop's Hand tool. TheHand tool lets you quickly move the active image within the documentwindow without ever using the scroll bars. For example, you've zoomedthe image beyond the size that fits within the document window and youneed to change the visible portion of the document. It's a simple opera-tion, but a handy one to know. If you have OpenGL (enable Use GraphicsProcessor in Peformance Preferences) on your computer, you can usethe Rotate View tool to tilt the canvas for a more comfortable workingangle, which is helpful when working with drawing tablets.

RotateViewtool


Working with MultipleDocuments

Work with Multiple DocumentsOpen more than one document.o Click a tab name to switch to thedocument.

TIMESAVER Press Ctrt« Tab orCtrl+Shift+ Tab to cycle to a tab.

• You can also click the Windowmenu, and then click adocument name at the bottom.

o Click the Window menu, point toArrange, and then select anarrangement button icon:

Tile All Vertically. Displays allopen documents vertically.

Tile All Horizontally. Displaysall open documents horizontally.

• 2-Up Vertical or Horizontal,3-Up Vertical or Stacked, 4-Up,or 6-Up. Displays the number ofdocuments in a pattern.

Consolidate All to Tabs.Displays the active document.

• Tile. Displays all opendocuments in a grid .

• To move a document windowaround, do any of the following:

To rearrange the order ofdocuments, drag a window'stab to a new location.

To dock or undock a documentwindow, drag the window's tabout of the group or into thegroup.

42 Chapter 2

When you open multiple documents, you can use the Window menu ortabs at the top of the Document window to switch between them. Youcan click a tab name to switch and activate the document. By default,tabs are displayed in the order in which you open or create documents.However, you can change the order. When you want to move or copyinformation between documents, it's easier to display severalDocument windows at the same time and move them around. TheArrange submenu on the Window menu makes it easy to display opendocument windows on the screen for better views.

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Working with OneImage in MultipleWindows

Create Two Views of One Imageo Open a document.

•• Click the Window menu, point toArrange menu, and then click NewWindow for document name.

A copy of the active document iscreated in a new window.

o If you want to arrange multipledocuments, Click the Windowmenu, point to Arrange menu, and

,/ then click an arrangementcommand (see the For YourInformation for more details).

o Select the Zoom tool on thetoolbox, and then increase thezoom of the new document to thedesire.d level.et Select an editing or painting tool,and then begin work on the newimage in the zoomed window.

The effects of your work instantlydisplay in the normal imagewindow.

o When you're done with the newwindow, click the Close button.

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Did You Know?You can prevent the zoomed windowfrom expanding. With the Zoom toolselected, move into the Options barand deselect ResizeWindows To Fit.

There are times when you're working on an image in Photoshop, andyou need to see two separate views of the image. For example, you'reworking on retouching a photo and you need a zoomed-in view to dofine detail work. At the same time, you want to see a normal view to getan idea of how the retouching is affecting the full-sized image. Beingable to view one image at two different magnifications is a valuable tool.You can also use the Arrange submenu on the Window menu torearrange open document windows on the screen for better views.

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Arranging and Matching Multiple Windows

The Arrange submenu on the Window menu provides options to helpyou work with multiple windows. You can use the Cascade,Tile, FloatinWindow, Float All in Windows, and Consolidate All to Tabs commandsto display windows across the Photoshop workspace. The MatchZoom, Match Location, Match Rotation and Match All commands allowyou to match the zoom and/or location in multiple windows. For exam-ple, open multiple images, click the Arrange submenu on the Windowsmenu, and then click Match All. Select the Zoom tool or Hand tool,select one of the images, hold down the Shift key, and click in or dragan area with the tool. The other images are zoomed to the same per-centage and location you chose for the first image.


Moving LayersBetween Documents

Move Layers BetweenDocuments

o Open two or more documents.o Click on the document containingthe layer you want to move tomake it the active document.

Select the Move tool on thetoolbox.

o Drag the layer you want to movefrom the open document windowinto the second document.

IMPORTANT If the documentyou're moving a layer into containsmore than one layer, Photoshopplaces the layer you're movingdirectly above the active layer inthe second document. If the layeris in the wrong stacking order,drag it up and down in the Layerspanel to move it.

Did You Know?You can also drag a layer thumbnailonto a document. Drag the layerthumbnail from the Layers panel intothe document window of the seconddocument or Layers panel.

You can drag a file into a document toopen it. Drag a file icon from a filemanagement window into the Photo-shop document window or Layerspanel to open the file as a document.

44 Chapter 2

Photoshop has a lot of tricks up its electronic sleeves, and one of thehandiest is the ability to move layers between open documents. Forexample, you have an image of a landscape and sky, but you don't likethe sky, so you erase it. You then open another document with a skythat suits the design of your document. It's a simple matter to move thelayer containing the preferred sky into any other open document. If youwant to include an image from a closed file, you can drag the file intothe Photoshop document window or Layers panel to open it as a docu-ment and then move it between layers.

From the Experts Corner

Removing the ExcessIf you're dragging a layer from a document that contains more pixelsthan the document you're moving it into, the areas of the image out-side the viewable area of the document are still there, taking up filespace. To delete them, first position the image exactly where youwant, click the Select menu, and then click Select All. Select theImage menu, and then click Crop. That's it. All the image informationoutside the viewable window is removed.

Creating Notes

Create a Note

o Select the Note tool on thetoolbox.

o Click on the active document orthe canvas to create a blank note.

o Enter the text for your note.

TIMESAVER Click the noteicon to select it and click again todeselect the note. You can alsoright-click a note icon to access ashortcut menu with notecommands.

Click the Next or Previous buttonto scroll through multiple notesone at a time .

• Click the Close button.

Did You Know?You can change the Author and thedefault calor of a Note. Select a note,and then use the Author and Coloroptions on the Options bar to create apersonalized note. You can show andhide note icons by choosingView/Extras/Notes.

Notes can be found everywhere-you see them stuck to the side ofrefrigerators, bulletin boards, and even covering your computer moni-tor. Notes remind you of important tasks and events. When you work inPhotoshop, the ability to save notes can help you remember an impor-tant part of the design, or they can instruct another designer in thehow's and why's of your document. For example, you can attach spe-cific instructions in the form of Photoshop Notes to your service bureauon the printing of a document to obtain the best output. Text input isdone through the Notes panel. When you place a note, itdoesn't become part of the image, but it is saved with the image.

This is a heron bird. Photograph taken inHawaii.

....•1 I 1

Working with Notes

Action Keystrokes

Deselect a note Click on the selected note to deselect.

Reopen a note Click on the Note icon and use the Notespanel to edit the text, if desired.

Delete a note Choose the specific note from the Notes panel,and then press Delete or select the Note anddrag it to the Trash can in the Notes panel.


Working with theInfo Panel

Create a Specific Size Obiecto Select the Info panel.

• Select a drawing tool on the tool-box.

o Drag in the document window tocreate a shape. As you drag, thecursor displays width and heightinformation.

• Release the mouse when itdisplays the correct dimensions.

IMPORTANT The Info paneldisplays tips on how to use thecurrent tool, and the current sizeof the working document.

Create a Calor Markero Select the Info panel.

• Select the Eyedropper or CalorSampler tool on the tool box.

In the document, hold down theShift key (if using Eyedropper tool),and then click once to create acolor marker. You can have amaximum of four Color Markers.

To reposition a marker, press theCtrl (Win) or ~ (Mac) key, andthen click and drag the marker to anew position, or drag it off thewindow to delete it. Click Clear onOptions bar to delete all.

46 Chapter 2

Photoshop's Info panel gives you a wealth of data on your document'scolor space, as well as information on the x and y (horizontal/vertical)position of your mouse cursor within the active document window.When you're using one of Photoshop's drawing or measuring tools, theInfo panel gives you up-to-date information on the size of the objectyou're creating. Photoshop works with black, white, shades of gray, andevery color in-between. By creating color markers with the Eyedropperor Color Sampler tools you can identify the location of specific colorpoints within an image, which is indispensable for performing color cor-rection. The Info panel displays color information about the markedcolor and on how the color has shifted after you've made changes.

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Changing How theInfo PanelMeasures Color

Change How the Info PanelMeasures Color

o••Select the Info panel.

Click the Info Options button, andthen click Panel Options.

Click the Mode list arrows for FirstColor and Second Color Readout,and then select from the availableoptions.

o Click OK.

The Info panel now measurescolor based on your selections.

Did You Know?The Info panel now allows you to dis-play information such as: DocumentSizes, Efficiency, Scratch Sizes, andmore. Simply click the Info Options but-ton, and then select from the availableoptions. The Info panel also displayswhether the image is using 8-, 16-,or32-bit color channels.

See AlsoSee "Using the Status Bar" on page 30for information on displaying documentinformation on the Status bar.

Knowledge of the colors used in a document is important, but so is athorough understanding of the color mode of the document. Differentdocuments require different color modes. For example, images dis-played on a monitor use the RGB (Red, Green, and Blue) color mode,and images sent to a 4-color press use CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow,and Black). Not only does the Info panel measure color, it also meas-ures color in specific color modes.

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Working with Rulers

Use the Ruler Toolo Select the Ruler tool on thetoolbox .

• Drag from the starting point to theend point you want.

• Create 45 Degree Lines. Holddown Shift as you drag.

• Create Protractor. Alt (Win) orOption (Mac) drag at an anglefrom one end of the line, ordouble-click the line and drag.Hold down Shift as you drag tocreate 45 degree lines.o Use any of the following to edit or

remove the measuring line:

• Resize or Move. Drag an endpoint of the line to resize theline, or drag the line to move it.

• Straighten. Click the StraightenLayer button.

Remove. Click the Clear button.

See AlsoSee "Working with Units & Rulers" onpage 68 for more information on settingUnits and Rulers preferences.

48 Chapter 2

Carpenters know that precise measurements are essential to makingthings fit, so they have a rule: Measure Twice, Cut Once. The designersof Photoshop also know that measurements are essential and give youseveral measuring systems-among them are the rulers. Rulers arelocated on the top and left sides of the active document window, andserve several purposes. They let you measure the width and height ofthe active image, they let you place guides on the screen to controlplacement of other image elements, and they create markers that followyour cursor as you move. In addition to the rulers, you can also use theRuler tool to measure the distance between two points by using a non-printing line. The Options bar displays point and distance amounts andallows you to straighten or clear the line. As you can see, rulers are crit-ical in the design of a document by helping you correctly align imageelements. By using guides, you have access to precise alignment sys-tems. To use the Ruler guides, the rulers must first be visible.

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Use Ruler Guideso Click the View menu, and then

click Rulers to display the rulerbars within the document window.

o Move to the vertical or horizontalRuler bar, and then click and draginto the document.

o Return to the Ruler bar andcontinue to drag until you have allyour guides properly set.

• Click the View menu, and thenclick Lock Guides to lock theexisting guides in place, or clickClear Guides to remove all guides .

• Click the Move tool on the toolboxto drag existing guides to a newposition (make sure Lock Guides isnot selected).

Did You Know?

--You can remove one guide at a time.Make sure Lock Guides is clear, andthen click the Move tool. Drag theexisting guide you want removed backto the corresponding Ruler bar.You can switch guides on the fly. Ifyou're dragging a vertical or horizontalguide onto the document window,when in fact you wanted the oppositeguide, press the Alt (Win) or Option(Mac) key, while still dragging theguide. Vertical guides become horizon-tal, and horizontal guides becomevertical.

See AlsoSee "Working with Guides, Grid &Slices" on page 70 for more informationon setting guide preferences.

HorizontalRulerbar

VerticalRulerbar

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Taking Measurementsin an Image

Set Measurement Scale

Click the Image menu, point toAnalysis, point to SetMeasurement Scale, and thenclick Custom.o Specify the pixel and logicallength, and the logical units.

o To save the measurement scale asa preset, click Save Preset, type aname, and then click OK.

• Click OK.

Place a Scale Marker

o Click the lmaqe menu, point toAnalysis, and then click PlaceScale Marker.o Enter a number for the length ofthe scale marker in pixels.

o To show the logical length andunits for the scale marker, selectthe Display Text check box andchoose specific font and font size.

• Click the Bottom or Top option tospecify where you want the textcaption.

• Click the Black or White option toset the scale marker and captioncolor.

o Click OK.

50 Chapter 2

If you need to measure an area in an image and track the measurementdata for statistical purposes, you can use the Measurement feature(New!), formally only available in Photoshop Extended. You can meas-ure any area defined with one of Photoshop's selection tools, Ruler tool,or Count tool. The measurement feature allows you to compute andtrack data points, such as width, height, area, and perimeter. Photoshoptracks the measurement data in the Measurement Log panel, which youcan customize to display the information you want. Before you startmeasuring, it's important to set the measurement scale to specify whatyou want a specific number of pixels to represent in units, such asinches, millimeters, microns, or pixels. To make it easier to measure, youcan place scale markers on an image to display the measurement scale.

Delete Preset.

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Perform a Measurement

Open a document.

Click the Image menu, point toAnalysis, point to Select DataPoints, and then click Custom.o Select the check boxes next to thedata points you want to measureand track for the different tools.o Click OK.

Use any of the following methodsto specify what you want tomeasure:

Selection. Create one or moreselections.

Ruler. Select the Ruler tool inthe toolbox, and then drag thetool to measure what you want.

• Count. Select the Count tool inthe tool box, and then click tocount items.

Select the Measurement Logpanel.

Click the Window menu, andthen click Measurement Log.o Click the Image menu, point to

Analysis, and then click RecordMeasurements to record the countto the Measurement Log.

Did You Know?You can delete a scale marker. In theLayers panel, select the MeasureScale Marker Layer group for the scaleyou want to delete, right-click the layergroup, and then click Delete Group.You can add or replace scale markers.Click the Image menu, point toAnalysis, click Place Scale Marker,click Removeor Keep, specify settingsfor the new marker, and then click OK.

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Exporting Measurement Log Data

After you collect the measurement data you want, you can export theMeasurement Log as a tab delimited text file (.txt) that you can importinto a spreadsheet or database. To export data, click the Windowmenu, click Measurement Log to open the panel, select one or morerows of data in the log, click the Export button at the bottom of thepanel, type a file name, specify a location, and then click Save.


Counting Objects inan Image

Count Objects in an ImageManuallyo Open a document.

o Select the Count tool on thetool box.

o To change the color, click theColor box on the Options bar,select a color, and then click OK.

• Click in the image to add numbersin sequential order.

o To work with the numbers, do anyof the following:

• Move. Drag the existingnumber.

• Remove. Press Alt (Win) orOption (Mac) and click anexisting number.

• Reset. Click Clear on theOptions bar to reset thecount to O.

• Show or Hide. Click the Viewmenu, point to Show, and thenclick Count.et Select the Measurement Log

panel.

• Click the Window menu, andthen click Measurement Log.o To record the count to the

Measurement Log, click RecordMeasurements in theMeasurement Log panel.

52 Chapter 2

If you need to count objects in an image for statistical purposes, you canuse the Count tool (New!) on the toolbox, formally only available inPhotoshop Extended. The Count tool allows you to manually click animage and track the number of times you do it. If you need to physicallycount the number of elements that appear in a photo, you can click theimage to add numbers, so you don't have to remember them. Afteryou manually count by clicking, you can record the count in theMeasurement Log. The count numbers are not saved with the document.If you have multiple selections in an image, Photoshop can automaticallycount them and record the results in the Measurement Log panel.

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Count Objects in an ImageAutomatically

o Open a document.

o Select the Magic Wand tool on thetool box, or click the Select menu,and then click Color Range.

• Magic Wand. You may need toadjust the Tolerance level toselect the objects you want.

• Color Range. You may need toset Fuzziness and choosespecific colors to select theobjects you want.o Click the Image menu, point to

Analysis, point to Select DataPoints, and then click Custom.

• Click the Deselect All button, andthen select the Count check box inthe Selections area.

• Click OK.o Select the Measurement logpanel.

• Click the Window menu, andthen click Measurement log.o Click Record Measurements in the

Measurement Log panel.

Photoshop counts the selectionareas and enters the number inthe Custom column in theMeasurement Log.

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Creating Tool Presets

Create and Use Tool Presetso Select the tool you want to use onthe toolbox and set the options onthe Options bar you want to save.

o Click the Tool Preset button arrownext to the tool on the left side ofthe Options bar.e Click the Create New Tool Presetbutton.

o Enter a name for the tool preset,and, if available, select or deselectthe Include Color check box.

o Click OK.

o To use the tool preset, use one ofthe following:

• Tool Preset button. Click theTool Preset picker on theOptions bar, and then select thetool preset you want.

• Tool Panel. Click the Windowmenu, click Tool Preset, andthen select the tool preset youwant.

Did You Know?You can change the list of tool presets.Click the Settings button on the ToolPreset picker, and then click the dis-play option you want: Sort By Tool,Show All Tool Presets, Show CurrentTool Presets, or Text Only,Small List, orLarge List.

54 Chapter 2

Photoshop provides you with a variety of tools to modify images. Eachtool provides additional options you can choose from on the Optionsbar. If you frequently use the same tool with specific settings, you cansave and reuse tool settings to save time in the future. You can load,edit, and create libraries of tool presets using the Tool Preset picker onthe Options bar, the Tool Presets panel, or the Preset Manager.

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Name: Elliptical Marquee Tool Fixed Ratio

Clickto sorttool presets(:) ElliptiCAlJ Marquu Tool Fixed Ratio

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photoshop menu

close documents

measurement scale marker

close button

exit photoshop

measurement scale presets

measurement data

image set measurement