Working with Non-Square Pixels

Work with Non-Square Pixels

Click the File menu, and then clickNew.

o On the bottom of the New dialogbox, click the Pixel Aspect Ratiolist arrow, select any of the non-square pixel settings, and thenclick OK.

o Click the Window menu, point toArrange, click New Window tocreate a new window, and thenselect the new window.

• Click the View menu, point toPixel Aspect Ratio, and thenselect a pixel aspect ratio that'scompatible with the video format.

The original window shows thecorrected aspect ratio, and theother one shows it without.

o To reset the pixel aspect ratio tothe default, click the View menu,point to Pixel Aspect Ratio, clickReset Pixel Aspect Ratios, andthen click OK (replaces) or Append(replaces, yet retains any customvalues).

o To remove the pixel aspect ratio,click the View menu, point to PixelAspect Ratio, click Delete PixelAspect Ratio, select the aspectratio, and then click Delete.

Images displayed on a computer monitor are made up of square pixels.Conversely, an image displayed on a video monitor is not composed ofpixels at all. Non-square pixels are most commonly used by encodingdevices for video production. When importing an image created by asquare-pixel graphics program into a video editing program such asAdobe Premiere, the square pixels are automatically scaled to non-square pixels for video encoding. This scaling results in a distortedimage. By default, non-square pixel documents open with Pixel AspectRatio Correction enabled. This enables you to preview how the imagewill appear on an output device such as a video monitor, and see how itwill appear when exported to an analog video device. In keeping with anever-changing industry, Adobe includes the following Pixel Aspect Ratiooptions: OVCPROHO 1080(1.5) and HOV 1080/DVCPROHO720 (1.33).

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Chapter 1 Getting Started with PhotoshopCC 15

Opening Images

Open an Imageo Click the File menu, and then clickOpen to display all file types in thefile list of the Open dialog box.

TIMESAVER Point to the OpenRecent command on the File menuto quickly open a recent file.

• Click the Files of Type (Win) orEnable (Mac) list arrow, and thenselect a format.

o Click the the look In (Win) orWhere (Mac) list arrow, and thenchoose the location where theimage you want to open is stored.

• Click the image file you want toopen.

TIMESAVER Press and holdthe Shift key to select multiplecontiguous files to open in theOpen dialog box.o Click Open.

See AlsoSee "Understanding File Formats" onpage 427 for information on the differ-ent file formats.

16 Chapter 1

Photoshop lets you open image files created in different formats, suchas TIFF,JPEG (New!), GIF,and PNG, as well as Photoshop documentsin the PSD or PSB (Large Document) formats. If you want to simplyopen an image or Photoshop document, the Open dialog box is themost efficient way. However, if you need to manage, organize, orprocess files, Adobe Bridge or Mini Bridge is the way to go. You openan existing Photoshop document or image file the same way you opendocuments in other programs.

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Opening a File as Another FormatThere may be times when you need to open a file in Photoshopthatwas saved incorrectly (with the wrong extension) or is being movedbetween Windows and Macintosh systems. If this is the case, whenyou are in the Open dialog box, select the correct format from theOpenAs (Winl or Format [Macl Iist arrow, and then click Open. If thefile does not open, then the chosen format may not match the file'sreal format, or the file may be damaged.

Inserting Images ina Document

Insert an Image in a DocumentUsing the Place Commando Open a Photoshop document.

o Click the File menu, and then clickPlace.

• Select the document you want toplace into the active document.

• Click the Format list arrow, andthen select a format.e Click Place.o If prompted, specify option forthe selected format, and thenclick OK.

Photoshop places the image in anew layer, directly above theactive layer, and then encloses itwithin a transformable boundingbox.

o Control the shape by manipulatingthe corner and side nodes of thefreeform bounding box.

o Press Enter (Win) or Return (Mac)to rasterize the image at theresolution of the active document.

You can use Photoshop's Place command to insert artwork into anopen document. To increase your control of the new image information,Photoshop places the new image into a separate layer. Photoshop letsyou place files saved in PDF,Adobe Illustrator, and EPSformats. Whenyou first place a vector-based image into Photoshop, you have the abil-ity to modify the width, height, and rotation while retaining the vectorformat of the file. However, since Photoshop is primarily a raster pro-gram, when you finalize your changes, Photoshop rasterizes the fileinformation (converts the vector data into pixels). and saves it as aSmart Object, which means you can no longer edit the placed docu-ment as you would a vector shape or path. However, you can still openup the Smart Object in the original file, and make changes to update it.

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Chapter 1 Getting Started with PhotoshopCC 17

Importing Raw Datafrom a Digital Camera

Import a Camera Raw File

• Click the File menu, and then clickOpen.

• To place a raw file as a SmartObject, click the File menu, andthen click Place.

o Click the Files of Type (Win) orEnable (Mac) list arrow, and thenclick Camera Raw.

o Select a single raw image file, orCtrl (Win) or ~ (Mach click toselect more than one file.

• Click Open.

The Camera Raw dialog box opens.

• Click any of the tabs-Basic, ToneCurve, Detail (Sharpen & NoiseReduction), HSL / Grayscale, SplitToning, Lens Corrections (New!),Effects, Camera Calibration,Presets, or Snapshots-to changethe options you want.

18 Chapter 1

Raw image file formats are available with most mid- to high-end digitalcameras and contain information about how the image was taken. Theraw format turns off all camera adjustments, and saves the image infor-mation to a digital memory card. When you open a raw file, Photoshopopens Camera Raw version 8 (New!), allowing you to adjust imagedetails. If you're not sure what to do, you can click Auto on the Basictab to have Camera Raw do it or drag sliders to adjust options manually.You can set white balance with presets (New!) (remove color casts),color temperature (warm or cool light source), image exposure, con-trast, highlights, shadows, clarity, and vibrance (color vividness). Inaddition, you can adjust color tones (Hue, Saturation, and Luminance orgrayscale), reduce luminance and color noise, add grain, add sharpen-ing, correct for lens defects (including the Upright tool (New!) tostraighten horizons and apply perspective corrections), add post-cropvignetting and effects, apply graduated (exposure) or radial (New!)(inside/outside circular area) filters and retouch images with the SpotRemoval-Heal (New!) and Clone-and Red Eye tools. In addition, rawimages can be converted into 16-bit mode, which provides more controlover adjustments such as tonal and color correction. Once processed,raw images can be saved in the DNG (Digital Negative), TIFF,PSD, PSB,or JPEG formats. When a raw file is placed as a Smart Object,Photoshop embeds the raw data within the document, allowing you tochange the raw settings and update the converted layer.

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change the size, orientation, ,--and position of the image.

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set the image white balance or ."_.the Color Sampler tool to --sample a color from the image. ':i,-'

• Use the Spot Removal (New!)(Heal or Clone) or Red Eye ,-Removal tool to fix the image. _ .•••1_

• Use the Adjustment Brush, Saw ••••••.

Graduated Filter, Radial Filter(New!). or Targeted ZoomlevelAdjustment tool to makeadjustments to exposure,brightness, contrast, saturation,clarity, sharpness, and color. Basictab CameraRawMenubutton

0 Use options to view the image:

• Image Preview. If checked,~

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process the file, but not openit, or click Open Image(s) toprocess and open it in Photoshop.Hold Alt (Win) or Option (Mac) touse Open Copy or Reset.

Chapter 1 Getting Started with Photoshop CC 19

Working with SmartObjects

Work with Smart Objectso Use one of the following to create aSmart Object:

• Click the File menu, click Open AsSmart Object, select a file, andthen click Open.

• Click the File menu, and thenclick Place to import into an openPhotoshop document.

• Select a layer, click the Layermenu, point to Smart Objects, andthen click Convert To SmartObject.

o If you use Place to import a SmartObject, use the bounding box tomodify the image to the shape youwant.

•• Press Enter (Win) or Return (Mac) toconvert the image to a Smart Object(in the Layers panel).

• To make a copy, drag the SmartObject layer to the New Layer button.

4) Double-click the thumbnail of theoriginal or copy to open the editor forthe Smart Object.

20 Chapter 1

A Smart Object is a container in which you can embed raster (e.g.,PSD,JPEG, TIFF)or vector (e.g., AI, PDF,EPS) image data from anotherPhotoshop or Adobe Illustrator file that retains all its original character-istics and remains fully editable. A Smart Object can be scaled, rotated,and warped nondestructively without losing original image data. SmartObjects store source data with the original object, so you can work ona representation of the image without changing the original-resultingin one file embedded within another. For example, when an IllustratorSmart Object is double-clicked in the Layers panel, Photoshop startsIllustrator and opens a working copy of the artwork. When you makechanges in Illustrator and then save the file, Photoshop automaticallyre-rasterizes the file. If you duplicate a Smart Object, Photoshop storesonly one copy of the source data while creating a second instance ofthe composite data, thus saving valuable disk space. When you editone Smart Object, Photoshop updates all the copies. In addition, youcan link Smart Objects to their layer masks so they can be movedtogether. You can create Smart Objects by converting selected layers,pasting Illustrator data from the clipboard, using the Place command toinsert a file, or using the Open As Smart Object command.

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o Make the desired changes to theimage, save, and then close theeditor window.o When you're done working with aSmart Object, use any of thefollowing:

• Convert to normal layer. Selectthe layer, click the layer menu,point to Rasterize, and thenclick Smart Object.

• Export contents. Select thelayer, click the layer menu,point to Smart Objects, andthen click Export Contents.

Photoshop saves the contentsin its original format, or PSB if itwas created from a layer.

• Replace contents. Select thelayer, click the layer menu,point to Smart Objects, clickReplace Contents, select a file,and then click Open.

Did You Know?Youcan't alter pixel data. If you wantto use painting, dodging, burning, orcloning tools, you need to convert theSmart Object layer to a normal layer.

Youcan apply a filter to a SmartObject. When you apply a filter to aSmart Object, the filter becomes aSmart Filter. Smart Filters appear in theLayers panel below the Smart Objectlayer, where you can show or hidethem independently; they are nonde-structive. You can apply any filter,except Liquify and Vanishing Point.

Youcan convert a 3D layer to a SmartObject. Select the 3D layer in theLayers panel, click the Options menu,and then click Convert To SmartObject. To re-edit the 3D content, dou-ble-click the Smart Object layer.

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Understanding Nondestructive Editing

In Photoshop, nondestructive editing allows you to make changes toimages while keeping the original image data intact. This flexibilityallows you to experiment with different effects without worryingabout harming your original image. You can perform nondestructiveediting in many different areas of Photoshop. These include: (1)Transforming with Smart Objects, (2) Filtering with Smart Filters, (3)Adjusting variations, shadows, and highlights with Smart Objects, (4)Editing in Camera Raw, (5) Opening Camera Raw files as SmartObjects, (6) Cropping nondestructively, (7) Masking with layers andvectors, (8) Retouching on a separate layer using Clone Stamp,Healing Brush, and Spot Healing Brush tools, and (9) Working withadjustment layers.

Chapter 1 Getting Started with Photoshop CC 21

Changing Image Sizeand Resolution

Change Image Size

• Open an image.

oo

Click the Image menu, and thenclick Image Size.

Select the Resample Image checkbox.

• Click the Resample Image listarrow, and then select an option:

• Automatic. Default, best formost purposes (high quality).

• Preserve Details. Best forenlarging an image (keep detailsand reduce noise) (New!).

• Bicubic Smoother. Best forenlarging an image.

• Bicubic Sharper. Best forreducing an image (high quality).

• Bicubic. Best for smoothgradients.

• Nearest Neighbor. Best forquick results (Iow quality).

• Bilinear. Best for line art.o Select the Fit To list arrow (New!),and then select a size option, ormanually enter the desired sizes inthe image size boxes.

• To keep image proportions, clickthe Constrain icon to highlight.o Click OK.

22 Chapter 1

You can modify the size and resolution of a document after opening.However, be aware that changing the size and/or the resolution of animage forces Photoshop to add or subtract pixels from the image in aprocess called resampling. For example, when you change the resolu-tion of an image from 72 ppi (pixels per inch) to 144 ppi, Photoshop mustadd more pixels. Conversely, if you reduce the resolution, Photoshopmust remove pixels. The image resampling method determines howPhotoshop completes this re-imaging process. For most uses, you canuse the default Automatic (New!) setting and let Photoshop do the hardwork or you can select a Fit To preset option (New!) or a specifiedoption best for enlarging (New!) or reducing an image. You can alsochange the canvas size behind the image. If you increase the canvassize, Photoshop adds background space around it, either transparent orcolor. If you decrease the canvas size, Photoshop crops the image.

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Using a Large Canvas SizePhotoshop supports documents up to 300,000pixels in either dimen-sion, with up to 56 channels per file. Photoshop offers three file for-mats for saving documents greater than 2 GB: PSB, PhotoshopRAW,and TIFF.It's important to note that most programs, includingolder versions of Photoshop (before the CSversion), only support amaximum file size of 2 GB.

Change Image Resolutiono Open an image.o Click the Image menu, and thenclick Image Size.o Select the Resample Image checkbox to add or subtract pixels(image data) or clear it to maintainthe current image data .

• Enter a resolution, whichautomatically adjusts the Widthand Height fields .

• Auto Resolution. Click the FitTo list arrow, click AutoResolution (New!), specify thenumber of screen lines, selecta quality option (Draft, Good, orBest), and then click OK.o Click OK.

Change the Canvas Sizeo Open an image.o Click the Image menu, and thenclick Canvas Size.

o Enter the new canvas size in theWidth and Height boxes, or selectthe Relative check box, and thenenter the amount you want to addto (a positive number) or subtractfrom (a negative number) theimage's current canvas size.

• Select an Anchor square whereyou want to position the existingimage on the new canvas.o Click the Canvas Extension Colormenu, and then select the fill colorsource for the new canvas.

TROUBLE? If the image doesn'tcontain a background layer, theCanvas Extension Color menu isgrayed out.o Click OK.

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Chapter 1 Getting Started with Photoshop CC 23

Checking for UpdatesOnline

Check for Updates Directly fromthe Interneto Open your Internet browser.

• Go to the following web address:www.adobe.com/downloads/updates/

o Click the list arrow, and then clickthe Photoshop - Macintosh orPhotoshop - Windows.o Click Go.

Any updates or patches appear ina list.et Based on your operating system,follow the onscreen instructions todownload and install the software.

IMPORTANT Checking on yourown requires a computer with aconnection to the Internet. Sincesome of the updates can be ratherlarge, it's recommended you havehigh-speed access.

24 Chapter 1

As time passes, Photoshop-like any other program-will change.There are two types of changes to a program: updates and patches.Updates are improvements to a program such as a new feature, option,or command. Patches are software fixes for problems discovered afterthe public release of the program. The good news is that both updatesand patches are free, and once downloaded, are self-installing. Adobegives you two ways to check for changes. You can check manually bygoing to the Adobe web site, or automatically through the AdobeApplication Manager by using the Updates command on the Help menu.When you access a related program, such as Adobe Bridge or MiniBridge, on the File menu that is not installed, the Adobe ApplicationManager (New!) opens, where you can install or update Adobe pro-grams. The Adobe Application Manager Preferences dialog box allowsyou to set update options for Photoshop and other installed Adobe prod-ucts, such as Bridge. You can choose to be notified of new updates onthe menu bar and you can also choose to allow Adobe to verify the suc-cess or failure of an update by sending a failure status to you.

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Check for Updates from thePhotoshop Help Menu

o Click the Help menu, and thenclick Updates.

Adobe checks your software withthe latest available version.

• To manually check, click theCheck For New Updates button.

• To change preferences, clickPreferences, select the updateoptions you want, and then clickOK.o Select the check boxes with theupdates you want to install, andthen click Update.

• Click the Expand/Collapsearrow to show or hide updates.

• When you're done, click the Closebutton.

Did You Know?You can sign in or sign out to CreativeCloud with your Adobe 10. You cansign in to your Creative Cloud (New )with your Adobe ID to access onlineservices for use with Photoshop. If youdon't have an account, you can createone. Click the Help menu, click Sign In,Sign In Now in the Creative Cloud dia-log box, enter your Adobe ID and pass-word, click Sign In, and then clickContinue. To sign out, click the Helpmenu, click Sign Out (user accounta-mail], and then click Sign out.Signing out allows you to activate yourAdobe products on another device.

You can complete or update yourAdobe 10 profile. An Adobe ID allowsyou to access Adobe online services.To complete or update your Adobe IDprofiles, click the Help menu, clickComplete/Update Adobe ID Profile, andthen follow the online instructions.

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Getting Started with Photoshop CC 25

Getting Help WhileYou Work

Get Help Information

• Click the Help menu, and thenclick Photoshop Online Help.

TIMESAVER Press F1 (Win) or~+/{Mac).

Your default web browser opens,displaying on line help and tutorialsfor Photoshop.o Click the topic link you want.

• What's New. Click the What'sNew in CC link.

• PDF Manual. Click thePhotoshop CC manual link toopen the PDF document, whichyou can save to your localdevice.o Read the topic, and if you want,

click any links to get informationon related topics or definitions.

• To search for a topic, type one ormore keywords in the Search box,and then press Enter (Win) orReturn (Mac).

• When you're done, click the Closebutton to exit your web browser.

26 Chapter 1

At some time, everyone has a question or two about using a program.When you start Photoshop Online Help, your default web browser win-dow opens, displaying online Community Help categories and topics forPhotoshop. Along with help text, some help topics include links to textand video tutorials. You can start a help search from within PhotoshopOnline Help. When you perform a search using keywords or phrases, alist of possible answers is shown from the search location with themost likely responses at the top. You can search product help fromAdobe.com, Support, or Community Help by using keywords or phrasesor browsing through a list of categories and topics to locate specificinformation. Adobe.com accesses related help information onAdobe.com, Support accesses Adobe support related help information,while Community Help accesses product help online. In addition to helpcontent, comments and ratings from users are available to help guideyou to an answer. You can add feedback and suggestions by signing into Adobe.com using an Adobe ID.

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Search for Help Information

o click the Help menu, and thenclick Photoshop Online Help toopen Help and use the Search box.

The Adobe Community Helpwindow opens, displayingproduct help information .

• To search another Adobe product,click the Select Product list arrow,and then select a product.

o Type one or more keywords in theSearch box, and then press Enter(Win) or Return (Mac).

• To change the search, select anyof the following options, and thenre-enter the search keywords:

• Adobe.com. Click to displayresults from Adobe.com.

• Support. Click to display resultsfrom Adobe.com.

• Community Help. Click todisplay results from CommunityHelp for the Adobe program.o Click the link to the topic you want

from the search list of results.

o Read the topic, and if you want,click any links to get informationon related topics or definitions.

• Navigate Topics. Click anavigation link at the top of thepage. Click Photoshop to goback to the help home page.o When you're done, click the Close

button to exit your web browser.

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Participating in Adobe Product Improvement

You can participate in the Adobe Product Improvement Program.Clickthe Help menu, click Adobe Product Improvement Program,and thenfollow the on-screen instructions. This is an opt-in programthat allowsyou to test Adobe products and make suggestions for future products.This program enables Adobe to collect product usage data from cus-tomers while maintaining their privacy.

Chapter 1 Getting Started with PhotoshopCC 27

Saving a Document

Save a Document

o Click the File menu, and then clickSave (for an unsaved newdocument) or Save As to create anew document.o Enter a name for the file in the FileName (Win) or Save As (Mac) box.

o Click the Format list arrow, andthen select a format.e Click the Sa~e In (Win) or Where(Mac) list arrow, and then choosewhere to store the image.

o Select from the available Saveoptions:

• As A Copy. Saves a copy of thefile while keeping the currentfile on your desktop.

• Alpha Channels. Saves orremoves alpha channelinformation for the image.

• Layers. Maintains all layers inthe image. If this option iscleared or unavailable, allvisible layers are flattened ormerged (depending on theselected format).

28 Chapter 1

When you finish working on your Photoshop document, you need tosave it before you close the document or exit Photoshop. You can savethe document in the default Photoshop file format (PSD) or anotherimage format, such as JPEG (New!), GIF,or PNG. Each output device,whether monitor or paper-based, requires a specific format, and it'sbest to know this information at the beginning. The Save commandsaves the current state of the document with the current name and fileformat, while the Save As command saves the current document statewith a different name, location, or file format as a new version. If youneed to keep track of different versions of the same file, you could alsouse Layer Comps or Adobe Drive. To make saving easier, you can setSave options in File Handling Preferences to automatically save the filebased on a time interval or save the file in the background, which allowsyou to keep working while Photoshop saves behind the scenes. WhilePhotoshop saves, progress information appears in the Document taband Status bar. If Photoshop crashes unexpectedly, the program auto-matically tries to recover and open your file.

Save As

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• Notes. Saves notes with theimage.

• Spot Colors. Saves or removesspot channel information forthe image.

Select from the available Coloroptions:

• Use Proof Setup. Creates acolor-managed document.

• Embed ICC Profile (Win) orColor Profile (Mac). Embedsproof profile information in anuntagged document. If thedocument is tagged, the profileis embedded by default.o Select from other available options

(Win):

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• Thumbnail. Saves thumbnaildata for the file.

To use this option, you need toselect Ask When Saving for theImage Previews option in theFile Handling Preferences.

• Use lower Case Extension.Makes the file extensionlowercase .

• Click Save.

o If prompted, select the MaximizeCompatibility check box, and thenclick OK to maximize thecompatibility of the file save.

• To not show the dialog box inthe future, select the Don'tshow again check box.

See AlsoSee "Modifying File HandlingPreferences" on page 60 for informa-tion on the save preferences.

See "Understanding File Formats" onpage 427 for information on the differ-ent file formats.

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Cancel

Selectto notshowthe dialogboxinthe future

For Your Information

Maximizing Compatibility When SavingWhen you save a Photoshop PSDor PSBfile, you can set an optionto maximize compatibility for use in other programs. Click the Edit(Win) or Photoshop (Mac) menu, point to Preferences, click FileHandling, click the Maximize PSDand PSB File Compatibility listarrow, and then select Always or Ask. This saves a composite (flat-tened) image along with the layers of the document, which alsoincreases the file size. If you select Ask, a dialog box appears whenyou save a PSDor PSBfile, prompting you for options (whichincludes a Don't show again check box). If you only work with files inPhotoshop or file size is not an issue, you can select Never to notuse the option.

Chapter 1 Getting Started with Photoshop CC 29

Using the Status Bar

Use the Status Bar

o Click the black triangle near theStatus bar info box, and then selectfrom the following options:

• Adobe Drive. Indicates whetherfile management is enabled.

• Document Sizes. Displays theflattened file size (left), and theopen file size (right).

• Document Profile. Displays theassigned color profile information.

• Document Dimensions. Displaysthe width and height of the image.

• Measurement Scale. Shows thescale of the document.

• Scratch Sizes. Displays thescratch disk space required (left)and available (right).

• Efficiency. Displays a percentageefficiency based on availableRAM and scratch disk space.

• Timing. Hecords the time requiredto perform the last command.

• Current Tool. Displays the currenttool name.

• 32-bit Exposure. Lets you controlthe overall image exposure.

• Save Progress. Shows you aprogress bar with percent saved.o To change the view size, select it,

and then type a percentage.o To sync settings from your CreativeCloud account, click the SyncSettings button (New!), and thenclick the Sync Settings Now button.

• To share on the Behance web site,click the Behance button (New!).

30 Chapter 1

To work efficiently in Photoshop you need information about the activedocument. Details about the document's size, resolution, color mode,and current size all help in the design and preparation of the final image.Photoshop displays current information about the active documentthrough the Status Bar, located at the bottom of the document window.From the Status Bar, you can also change the view size percentage,sync Photoshop settings from Adobe Creative Cloud (New!), andaccess Behance (New!), an artwork promotion and sharing site.

Sync status information

Adobe Drive../ Document Sizes

Document ProfileDocument DimensionsMeasurement ScaleScratch SizesEfficiencyTimingCurrent Tool32-bit ExposureSave Progress

Sync Setting Now button

i,n OIt

Click the Info box to display width, height, channels, and resolution