adobe® illustrator® cs6 on demand -...

Adobe® Illustrator® CS6 on Demand

Copyright © 2012 by Perspection, Inc.All rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored in aretrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publish-er. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the informationcontained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the prepara-tion of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errorsor omissions. Nor is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the useof the information contained herein.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file

ISBN-13: 978-0-7897-4935-2

ISBN-10: 0-7897-4935-1

Printed and bound in the United States of AmericaFirst Printing: May 2012

15 14 13 12 4 3 2 1

Que Publishing offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk purchases or special sales.

For information, please contact: U.S. Corporate and Government Sales

1-800-382-3419 or [email protected]

For sales outside the U.S., please contact: International Sales

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TrademarksAll terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or servicemarks have been appropriately capitalized. Que cannot attest to the accuracyof this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded asaffecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.

Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat, Bridge, Dreamweaver, Extension Manager,ExtendScript Toolkit, Flash, InDesign, Illustrator, PageMaker, Photoshop, andPhotoshop Elements are registered trademarks of Adobe System Incorporated.Apple, Mac OS, and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc.Microsoft and the Microsoft Office logo are registered trademarks of MicrosoftCorporation in the United States and/or other countries.

Warning and DisclaimerEvery effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate aspossible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The authors and the publishersshall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity withrespect to any loss or damage arising from the information contained in thisbook.

PublisherPaul Boger

Associate PublisherGreg Wiegand

Acquisitions EditorLaura Norman

Managing EditorSteve Johnson

AuthorSteve Johnson

Technical EditorToni Bennett

Page LayoutBeth TeylerJames Teyler

Interior DesignersSteve JohnsonMarian Hartsough

IllustrationsJP Johnson

IndexerSharon Shock

ProofreaderBeth Teyler

Team CoordinatorCindy Teeters

iii

Acknowledgments

a

aPerspection, Inc.Adobe Illustrator CS6 on Demand has been created by the professional trainers andwriters at Perspection, Inc. to the standards you’ve come to expect from Que pub-lishing. Together, we are pleased to present this training book.

Perspection, Inc. is a software training company committed to providing informationand training to help people use software more effectively in order to communicate,make decisions, and solve problems. Perspection writes and produces softwaretraining books, and develops multimedia and web-based training. Since 1991, wehave written more than 120 computer books, with several bestsellers to our credit,and sold over 5 million books.

This book incorporates Perspection’s training expertise to ensure that you’ll receivethe maximum return on your time. You’ll focus on the tasks and skills that increaseproductivity while working at your own pace and convenience.

We invite you to visit the Perspection web site at:

www.perspection.com

AcknowledgmentsThe task of creating any book requires the talents of many hard-working peoplepulling together to meet impossible deadlines and untold stresses. We’d like tothank the outstanding team responsible for making this book possible: the writer,Steve Johnson; the technical editor, Toni Bennett; the production editors, JamesTeyler and Beth Teyler; proofreader, Beth Teyler; and the indexer, Sharon Shock. We’dalso like to thank JP Johnson for his contribution of Illustrator artwork.

At Que publishing, we’d like to thank Greg Wiegand and Laura Norman for theopportunity to undertake this project, Cindy Teeters for administrative support, andSandra Schroeder for your production expertise and support.

Perspection

www.perspection.com

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aa

About the AuthorSteve Johnson has written more than 70 books on a variety of computer software,including Adobe Photoshop CS5, Adobe Dreamweaver CS5, Adobe InDesign CS5,Adobe Illustrator CS5, Adobe Flash Professional CS5, Microsoft Windows 7,Microsoft Office 2010 and 2007, Microsoft Office 2008 for the Macintosh, and AppleMac OS X Lion. In 1991, after working for Apple Computer and Microsoft, Stevefounded Perspection, Inc., which writes and produces software training. When he isnot staying up late writing, he enjoys coaching baseball, playing golf, gardening,and spending time with his wife, Holly, and three children, JP, Brett, and Hannah.Steve and his family live in Northern California, but can also be found visiting fam-ily all over the western United States.

Acknowledgments v

a

We Want to Hear from You!As the reader of this book, you are our most important critic and commentator. Wevalue your opinion and want to know what we’re doing right, what we could do bet-ter, what areas you’d like to see us publish in, and any other words of wisdom you’re willing to pass our way.

As an associate publisher for Que, I welcome your comments. You can email orwrite me directly to let me know what you did or didn’t like about this book—as wellas what we can do to make our books better.

Please note that I cannot help you with technical problems related to the topic of this book. We do have a User Services group, however, where I will forward spe-cific technical questions related to the book.

When you write, please be sure to include this book’s title and author as well asyour name, email address, and phone number. I will carefully review your com-ments and share them with the author and editors who worked on the book.

Email: [email protected]

Mail: Greg WiegandQue Publishing800 East 96th StreetIndianapolis, IN 46240 USA

For more information about this book or another Que title, visit our web site atwww.quepublishing.com. Type the ISBN (excluding hyphens) or the title of a book inthe Search field to find the page you’re looking for.

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vii

Contents

c

cIntroduction xvii

Getting Started with Illustrator CS6 1

Installing Illustrator 2 New!

Getting Started 4 New!

Viewing the Illustrator Window 6 New!

Showing and Hiding Panels 8 New!

Working with Panels 10 New!

Using the Tools and Control Panel 12 New!

Opening a Document 14 New!

Opening a Document with Adobe Bridge 16Inserting Images in a Document 18Using the Status Bar 19Working with Document Windows 20Checking for Updates Online 22Getting Help While You Work 24Saving a Document 26 New!

Finishing Up 28

Creating and Viewing a Document 29

Creating a New Document 30Creating a New Document Using Presets 31Creating a New Document from a Template 32Setting Up a Document 34 New!

Using Multiple Artboards 36Working with Multiple Artboards 38Changing the Display View 40Changing the View with the Navigator Panel 42Customizing the Navigator Panel 44Changing the Screen Display Mode 45Changing the View with the Zoom Tool 46Viewing and Using Rulers 48

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Using the Guides 50Using Smart Guides 52Using the Grid 54Moving Around with the Hand Tool 55Using Crop Marks 56Working with the Info Panel 58Using Undo and Redo 59Creating and Selecting Workspaces 60 New!

Working with Objects 63

Understanding Vector and Raster Graphics 64Understanding Paths 65Selecting a Drawing Mode 66Creating Pixel Aligned Objects 67Creating Rectangles and Ellipses 68 New!

Creating Polygons and Stars 70Creating Line Segments 71Creating Arcs and Spirals 72Creating Grids 74Using the Shape Builder Tool 76Creating Perspective Objects 78Working with Perspective Objects 80Customizing a Perspective Grid 81Understanding Selections 82Using the Selection Tool 83Using the Direct Selection Tool 84Using the Lasso Tool 85Using the Magic Wand Tool 86Selecting and Grouping Objects 88Selecting Similar Objects 90Saving and Editing Selections 92Moving Objects 93Duplicating Objects 94Aligning and Distributing Objects 96Transforming Objects 97Using the Free Transform Tool 98 New!

Rotating and Scaling Objects 100Reflecting and Shearing Objects 101Applying Multiple Transformations 102 New!

Reshaping Objects with Envelopes 104

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Working with Color 107

Changing Color Settings 108Changing Color Profiles 110Working with Color Modes 111Changing Color Modes 112Applying Colors 113 New!

Working with the Color Panel 114Working with the Swatches Panel 116 New!

Creating Groups in the Swatches Panel 118 New!

Working with Swatch Libraries 120 New!

Adding Colors Using the Kuler Panel 122Replacing Colors 124Inverting Colors 126Using the Color Guide Panel 127Applying Color with the Color Guide Panel 128Editing Colors with Live Color 130Proofing Colors on the Screen 132

Applying Fills, Strokes, and Gradients 135

Applying Fill and Stroke Colors 136Changing Stroke Attributes 138Changing Stroke Style 140Creating Variable Stroke Widths 142 New!

Using the Eyedropper Tool 144Creating Patterns for Fills 146 New!

Editing Patterns 148 New!

Using Patterns as Fills 149Blending Fill Colors 150Creating Blends Automatically 151Applying Blend Options 152Creating Blends with the Blend Tool 153Modifying Blend Objects 154Setting Transparency Options 155Controlling Transparency Effects 156Creating Transparency Masks 157Flattening Object Transparency 158 New!

Using the Transparency Grid 159Applying Gradients 160 New!

Using Gradients Libraries 162Creating Gradients 163

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Editing Gradients 164Using the Gradient Tool 165Creating a Gradient Mesh 166

Working with Points and Paths 169

Drawing with the Pen Tools 170Setting Anchor Point Preferences 172Moving Points and Segments 173Converting Points 174Adding and Deleting Anchor Points 176Aligning and Joining Anchor Points 178Reshaping Paths 180Erasing to Reshape Paths 182Smoothing Paths 183Simplifying Paths 184Dividing Paths 185Splitting Paths 186Merging Paths 188Working with Shape Mode 190Working with Pathfinder 191Creating a Compound Path 192Creating a Clipping Set 194Editing a Clipping Set 196

Working with Layers 199

Understanding the Layers Panel 200 New!

Setting Layers Panel Options 201Creating Layers 202 New!

Selecting Layers 204Deleting Layers 205Selecting Objects with Layers 206Arranging Layers and Objects 208Duplicating Layers and Objects 210Locking Layers and Objects 211Showing and Hiding Layers and Objects 212Merging Layers and Groups 213Moving Objects to a Layer 214 New!

Flattening Layers 216Locating Objects in the Layers Panel 217 New!

Creating a Template Layer 218Viewing Layers as Outlines 219

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Working with Type 221

Using Type Tools 222Creating Type 223Creating Type in a Text Box 224Creating Area Type 225Creating Path Type 226Modifying Type on a Path 228Importing Text 229Selecting Type 230Copying or Moving Type 232Working with Overflow Type 234Changing Fonts 236Changing Font Size 238Leading Type 239Kerning Type 240Tracking Type 241Scaling Type 242Rotating Type 243Formatting Type 244 New!

Anti-aliasing Type 245Aligning Paragraphs 246Indenting and Spacing Paragraphs 247Setting Tabs 248Working with Hyphenation 249Working with Type Styles 250Using Smart Punctuation 252Working with Glyphs 253Working with OpenType Fonts 254Working with Justification 255Wrapping Type Around an Object 256Creating Type Outlines 257

Working with Graphics 259

Opening Graphics 260Placing Graphics 261Placing Graphics from Adobe Bridge 262Linking Graphics 264Managing Linked Graphics 266Tracing Raster Graphics 268 New!

Adjusting Tracing Options 270 New!

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Converting Tracing to Paths 272Applying Graphic Styles 273 New!

Creating Graphic Styles 274Editing Graphic Styles 276Applying Appearance Attributes 278Creating a Mosaic Graphic 280

Manipulating Artwork with Effects 281

Applying Illustrator Effects 282 New!

Applying the Convert to Shape Effect 284Applying the Scribble Effect 285Applying the Inner or Outer Glow Effect 286Applying the Drop Shadow Effect 287Applying 3D Effects 288Applying Warp Effects 290Applying Distort & Transform Effects 291Changing Raster Effects Settings 292Working with the Effect Gallery 294Applying Multiple Effects 296Controlling Effects Using Selections 297Using Blur Effects 298 New!

Viewing Various Effects 300

Drawing and Painting 303

Using the Pencil Tool 304Creating Live Paint Groups 306 New!

Setting Live Paint Bucket Tool Options 308Using the Live Paint Bucket Tool 310Using the Live Paint Selection Tool 312Modifying Live Paint Groups 314Selecting Gap Options 316Using the Brushes Panel 317Using the Paintbrush Tool 318Creating and Editing Scatter Brushes 320Creating and Editing Calligraphic Brushes 322Creating and Editing Art Brushes 324Creating and Editing Pattern Brushes 326Creating and Editing Bristle Brushes 328Working with Brushes 330Working with Liquify Tools 332

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Using Symbols 333

Using the Symbols Panel 334Using Symbol Libraries 335Working with Symbols 336 New!

Duplicating and Editing Symbols 338 New!

Breaking Symbol Links 340Using the Symbol Sprayer Tool 342Setting Symbolism Tools Options 343Using the Symbol Shifter Tool 344Using the Symbol Scruncher Tool 345Using the Symbol Sizer Tool 346Using the Symbol Spinner Tool 347Using the Symbol Stainer Tool 348Using the Symbol Screener Tool 349Using the Symbol Styler Tool 350Expanding Symbol Instances 351Using 9-Slice Scaling for Symbols 352Aligning Symbols to the Pixel Grid 354Setting the Symbol Registration Point 355

Automating the Way You Work 357

Examining the Actions Panel 358Building a New Action 360Controlling the Playback of a Command 361Adding a Stop to an Action 362Inserting a Non-Recordable Command into an Action 363Adding a Command to an Action 364Deleting a Command from an Action 365Working with Batch File Processing 366Opening and Using Scripts 368 New!

Defining and Editing Data Variables 370Creating and Formatting a Data Graph 372Adding Graph Designs to a Graph 374Cleaning Up Unneeded Elements 375

Proofing and Printing Documents 377

Using Spell Check 378Using Custom Dictionaries 379Finding and Replacing Text and Elements 380

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Finding and Changing Fonts 382Printing a Document 384Printing with Presets 385Setting General Print Options 386Setting Marks and Bleed Options 388Setting Graphics Options 390Previewing Color Separations 391Setting Output Options 392Setting Advanced Options 394 New!

Setting Color Management Options 396Checking for Print Problems 397Inserting File Information 398Using the Document Info Panel 400

Exporting a Document 401

Exporting a Document 402Understanding Export File Formats 403Exporting as a Bitmap 404Exporting as a TIFF 405Exporting as a PNG or JPEG 406Exporting to Photoshop 408Exporting with Presets 409Exporting as a Flash Movie 410Saving as Adobe PDF 412Saving as an EPS 414Saving as a SVG 416 New!

Saving for HTML5 and CSS 418Saving as Adobe FXG 420Saving a Document for Microsoft Office 422Saving as a Template 423

Designing for the Web and Devices 425

Saving for the Web 426Working with Save For Web Options 428Working with Web File Formats 430Optimizing a JPEG Document 432Optimizing a GIF Document 434Optimizing a PNG-8 Document 436Optimizing a PNG-24 Document 438Optimizing an Image to File Size 439

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Slicing Images the Easy Way 440Working with Slices 442 New!

Adding HTML Text or an URL Link to a Slice 444Arranging Slices 446 New!

Combining or Dividing Slices 448Saving Slices for the Web 449Saving Selected Slices 450Previewing in a Browser 451 New!

Customizing the Way You Work 453

Setting General Preferences 454Changing Selection & Anchor Display Preferences 456Setting Type Preferences 458Changing Units Preferences 460Setting Slices Preferences 461 New!

Setting Dictionary & Hyphenation Preferences 462 New!

Selecting Plug-ins 463Selecting Scratch Disks 464Setting User Interface Preferences 465 New!

Setting File Handling & Clipboard Preferences 466 New!

Working with Appearance of Black Preferences 468Defining Keyboard Shortcuts 469 New!

Using Drawing Tablets 470

Working Together with Adobe Programs 471

Exploring Adobe Programs 472Exploring Adobe Bridge 473Getting Started with Adobe Bridge 474 New!

Getting Photos from a Digital Camera 475Working with Raw Images from a Digital Camera 476 New!

Modifying Images in Camera Raw 478 New!

Working with Images Using Adobe Bridge 480Setting Preferences in Adobe Bridge 482 New!

Applying Image Adjustments 484Creating a Web Photo Gallery 485Automating Tasks in Adobe Bridge 486Using Mini Bridge 487 New!

Working with Adobe Media Encoder 488 New!

Working with Adobe Extension Manager 490 New!

Scripting with Adobe ExtendScript Toolkit 491 New!

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New Features 493 New!

Adobe Certification 497Index 503

xvii

Introduction

Welcome to Adobe Illustrator CS6 on Demand, a visual quickreference book that shows you how to work efficiently withIllustrator. This book provides complete coverage of basic toadvanced Illustrator skills.

How This Book WorksYou don’t have to read this book in any particular order.We’ve designed the book so that you can jump in, get theinformation you need, and jump out. However, the book doesfollow a logical progression from simple tasks to more com-plex ones. Each task is presented on no more than two facingpages, which lets you focus on a single task without havingto turn the page. To find the information that you need, justlook up the task in the table of contents or index, and turn tothe page listed. Read the task introduction, follow the step-by-step instructions in the left column along with screen illus-trations in the right column, and you’re done.

What’s NewIf you’re searching for what’s new in Illustrator CS6, just lookfor the icon: New!. The new icon appears in the table of con-tents and throughout this book so you can quickly and easilyidentify a new or improved feature in Illustrator. A completedescription of each new feature appears in the New Featuresguide in the back of this book.

Keyboard ShortcutsMost menu commands have a keyboard equivalent, such asCtrl+P (Win) or A+P (Mac), as a quicker alternative to usingthe mouse. A complete list of keyboard shortcuts is availableon the web at www.perspection.com and in the back of thisbook.

How You’ll Learn

How This Book Works

What’s New

Keyboard Shortcuts

Step-by-Step Instructions

Real World Examples

Workshops

Adobe Certification

Get More on the Web

www.perspection.com

xviii

Step-by-StepInstructionsThis book provides concise step-by-step instructions that show you“how” to accomplish a task. Eachset of instructions includes illus-trations that directly correspond tothe easy-to-read steps. Alsoincluded in the text are time-savers, tables, and sidebars tohelp you work more efficiently orto teach you more in-depth infor-mation. A “Did You Know?” pro-vides tips and techniques to helpyou work smarter, while a “SeeAlso” leads you to other parts ofthe book containing related infor-mation about the task.

Real World ExamplesThis book uses real world exam-ple files to give you a context inwhich to use the task. By usingthe example files, you won’t wastetime looking for or creating sam-ple files. You get a start file and aresult file, so you can compareyour work. Not every topic needsan example file, such as changingoptions, so we provide a completelist of the example files usedthroughout the book. The examplefiles that you need for projecttasks along with a complete filelist are available on the web atwww.perspection.com.

Real worldexamples helpyou apply whatyou’ve learnedto other tasks.

Illustrationsmatch thenumberedsteps.

Numberedsteps guideyou througheach task.

Did You Know? alertsyou to tips, techniquesand related information.

See Also points you torelated information inthe book.

Easy-to-followintroductionsfocus on asingle concept.

www.perspection.com

The Workshopswalk you throughin-depth projectsto help you putIllustrator towork.

Introduction xix

WorkshopsThis book shows you how to puttogether the individual step-by-step tasks into in-depth projectswith the Workshop. You start eachproject with a sample file, workthrough the steps, and then com-pare your results with a projectresults file at the end. The Work-shop projects and associated filesare available on the web atwww.perspection.com or atqueondemand.com.

Adobe CertificationThis book prepares you fully forthe Adobe Certified Expert (ACE)exam for Adobe Illustrator CS6.Each Adobe Certified Expert certifi-cation level has a set of objec-tives, which are organized intobroader skill sets. To prepare forthe certification exam, you shouldreview and perform each taskidentified with an ACE objective toconfirm that you can meet therequirements for the exam. Infor-mation about the ACE program isavailable in the back of this book.The Adobe Certified Expert objec-tives and the specific pages thatcover them are available on theweb at www.perspection.com.

www.perspection.com

www.perspection.com

xx

Get More on the WebIn addition to the information inthis book, you can also get moreinformation on the web to helpyou get up-to-speed faster withIllustrator CS6. Some of the infor-mation includes:

Transition Helpers◆ Only New Features.

Download and print the newfeature tasks as a quick andeasy guide.

Productivity Tools◆ Keyboard Shortcuts.

Download a list of keyboardshortcuts to learn faster waysto get the job done. Alsoavailable in the back of thisbook.

More Content◆ Photographs. Download

photographs and othergraphics to use in yourIllustrator documents.

◆ More Content. Downloadnew content developed afterpublication.

You can access these additionalresources on the web atwww.perspection.com.

Additionalcontent is availableon the web.

www.perspection.com

Applying Fills, Strokes, andGradients

Introduction

The Stroke panel makes it easy to change stroke attributes,such as weight (width), position on the path, and its style. Theweight of a stroke refers to the thickness of the line. TheEyedropper tool on the Tools panel is another way you canquickly pick up an object’s color and stroke attributes andapply them to another object. Instead of using a solid coloras an object fill, you can create and use patterns. The processis very simple. In Illustrator, create a pattern using drawingtools, select and drag the object pattern to the Swatchespanel, and then give it a name.

A blend uses two or more objects to create a transitionalobject in between. If you’re just getting start with blends, theMake command on the Blend submenu is an easy way to cre-ate a blend. All you need to do is select the objects that youwant to use, and then choose the command. That’s it. If youwant a little more control over the way a blend turns out, youcan specify options in the Blend Options dialog box. If youwant to specify the locations where the blend takes place,you can use the Blend tool. Transparency, or the opacity levelof an object, is set in Illustrator by adjusting the Opacityoption in the Transparency or Control panels. Along with theOpacity option is the blending mode, which blends colorstogether for objects in a group as well as all the objectsbelow it.

A gradient is a smooth transition between two or morecolors in an object. You can apply one of Illustrator’s built-ingradients or create one of your own by using the Gradientpanel. There are two types of gradients: Radial (circular) andLinear (horizontal). With the Gradient tool, you can edit gradi-ent colors applied to the object by adding or changing colorstops, applying transparency, and changing gradient direc-tion (linear) or angle (radial). 5

5What You’ll Do

Apply Fill and Stroke Colors

Change Stroke Attributes and Style

Create Variable Stroke Widths

Use the Eyedropper Tool

Create, Edit, and Use Patterns as Fills

Blend Color Fills

Create Blends Automatically

Apply Blend Options

Create Blends with the Blend Tool

Modify Blend Objects

Set Transparency Options

Create Transparency Masks

Flatten Object Transparency

Control Transparency Effects

Use the Transparency Grid

Apply, Create, and Edit Gradients

Use Gradient Libraries

Use the Gradient Tool

Create a Gradient Mesh

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136 Chapter 5

Eyedroppertool

Color Picker dialog box

Color panel

Swatches panel

Stroke color

Fill color

The Tools panel provides color boxes to make it easy for you to applyfill and stroke colors. The color box in the foreground is the Fill box andthe outlined box in the background is the Stroke box. When you selectan object, fill, or stroke, the color boxes (also known as thumbnails), onthe Tools panel display the current colors. To change the fill or strokecolor, select an object, fill or stroke, select the Fill or Stroke box, andthen select a color from the Color, Swatches, or Color Guide panel, oruse the Eyedropper to apply a color from the active document.

Applying Fill andStroke Colors

Apply Colors to an Object, Fill orStroke

Select an object, fill, or strokeusing the appropriate selectiontool.

Click the Fill or Stroke color boxon the Tools or Color panel tochoose the color's destination.

Click the Color icon on the Toolspanel to apply a color or click theNone icon to apply no color.

Use any of the following methodsto change the active fill or strokecolors:

◆ Select the Swatches panel, andthen click a color swatch tochange the color.

◆ Select the Color panel, andthen specify a color using thecontrols.

◆ Select the Color Guide panel,and then click a color swatchto change the color.

◆ Select the Eyedropper tool onthe Tools panel, and then clickanywhere in the activedocument to change the color.

◆ Double-click the Fill or Strokecolor box to open the ColorPicker dialog box, select acolor or enter color values, andthen click OK.

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None icon

Color icon

Chapter 5 Applying Fills, Strokes, and Gradients 137

Use Default and Switch the Filland Stroke Colors

Click the Default Fill and StrokeColors buttons to revert the fill andstroke colors to their defaultvalues of black and white.

Click the Swap Fill and StrokeColors button to switch currentcolors.

TIMESAVER Press D tochange the fill and stroke colors totheir default values of black andwhite, and press X to switch thecurrent colors.

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Did You Know?You can add colors from the ColorPicker to the Swatches panel. Openthe Color Picker dialog box, select thecolor you want to add to the Swatchespanel, click Add To Swatches, type aname for the color, and then click OK.

138 Chapter 5

The Stroke panel makes it easy to change stroke attributes, such asweight (width), position on the path, and its style. The weight of astroke represents the thickness of the line. A weight smaller than .25may not print and a weight of 0 removes the stroke. In addition to thewidth of a stroke, you can also specify the position (known as align-ment) of the stroke on the path (either center, inside, or outside) andchange the caps or joins of a stroke to sharpen or round endpoints andcorners. A cap is the end of an open line, while a join is a corner.

Changing StrokeAttributes

Change the Weight of a Stroke

Select one or more objects.

Select the Stroke panel.

Specify or enter a weight in theStroke or Control panel.

◆ Click the up or down arrow, orShift+click to change theweight by a larger interval.

Change the Alignment of aStroke on the Path

Select one or more closed objects.


Click one of the followingalignment buttons:

◆ Align Stroke to Center.

◆ Align Stroke to Inside.

◆ Align Stroke to Outside.

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Change Stroke Caps or Joins



To change the endpoints, click oneof the following buttons:

◆ Butt Cap. Creates a square-edged end.

◆ Round Cap. Creates a roundedend.

◆ Projecting Cap. Creates asquare-edged end that extendspast the endpoint.

To change the bends on cornerpoints, click one of the following:

◆ Miter Join. Creates a pointedjoin point.

◆ Enter a miter limit between 1and 500. When the length ofthe point reaches the limit(default 4) times the strokeweight, Illustrator switchesfrom a miter join to a beveljoin.

◆ Round Join. Creates a roundedjoin point.

◆ Bevel Join. Creates a beveled(cut off) join point.

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140 Chapter 5

Style is what stands out on the page. You can change the stroke styleby applying dashes and arrowheads using the Stroke panel. When youcreate a dashed stroke, you can choose to align the dashes aroundcorners and at the end of open paths or preserve the dashes and gapsin the stroke. In addition to dashes, you can also add and define anarrowhead to a stroke. After you add an arrowhead to a stroke, you canadjust its alignment and scale.

Changing Stroke Style

Create a Dashed Stroke



Select the Dashed Line check box.

Click the Preserve Exact Dash andGap Lengths or Aligns Dashes toCorners and Path Ends, AdjustingLengths to Fit icon.

Enter a value in the first Dash box.

If you don’t enter any more values,the value in the first box is usedfor the rest of the boxes.

Enter a value in the first Gap box.

Fill in the remaining boxes.

◆ To create a dotted line, click theRound Cap button, enter a dashvalue of 0, and then enter a gapvalue greater than or equal tothe stroke weight.

Click one of the Cap buttons tosharpen or round endpoints.

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Add Arrowheads



Click the Start Point Arrowhead orEnd Point Arrowhead list arrow,and then select an arrowhead.

◆ To remove an arrowhead,select None from the list.

To swap the start and endarrowheads, click the Swap StartAnd End Arrowheads button.

Click the Start Arrowhead Scaleor End Arrowhead Scale listarrow, and then drag a scalepercentage for the arrowhead.

◆ To link the start and endarrowhead scale, click the LinkStart And End ArrowheadScales button.

To change the arrowheadalignment, click the Extend ArrowTip Beyond End Of Path or PlaceArrow Tip At End Of Path button.

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Did You Know?You can customize arrowheads. Todefine custom arrowheads, open theArrowheads.ai file, follow the direc-tions in the file, and then place theupdated Arrowheads.ai file in the<Illustrator home>\plug-ins\.

The Arrowheads.ai file is located underShowPackageContent\Required\Resources\<locale>\ (Mac) or \SupportFiles\Required\Resources\,<locale>\(Win).

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142 Chapter 5

The Width tool allows you to create a variable width stroke and saveyour settings as a profile that you can apply to other strokes. When youpoint to a stroke with the Width tool, a small circle appears on the path,where you can drag to create a variable width. After you create a vari-able width, you can move, duplicate, or delete a width point on thepath. Each width point contains an inward/outward handle, which youcan drag on the path to adjust the width. If you want to create a vari-able width with exact measurements, you can use the Width Point Editdialog box. After you create a variable width point, you can save it as aprofile from the Stroke or Control panel.

Creating VariableStroke Widths

Create or Adjust a VariableStroke Width

Select the Width tool on the Toolspanel.

Use any of the following methodsto create and adjust a variablewidth stroke:

◆ Create a Variable Width Point.Point to the path, and then clickon the path and drag to size it.

◆ Change a Variable Width PointPosition. Point to the path,point to a width point, and thendrag it along the path.

◆ Change a Variable Width PointSize. Point to the path, point toa width point, and then drag theinward/outward handle.

◆ Set Exact Variable Width PointSizes and Options. Point to thepath, double-click the widthpoint, specify the sizes youwant, select the AdjustAdjoining Width Points checkbox to adjust neighboring widthpoints, and then click OK.

◆ Delete a Variable Width Point.Point to the path, click thewidth point, and then pressDelete.

◆ Select Multiple Width Points.Point to the path, press Shiftand click width points.

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Set exact variable width point sizes and options

Adjust Adjoining Width Points check box

Variable width point on path

Inward/outward handle


Width Control Keyboard Shortcuts (Win/Mac)

Create non-uniform widths Alt/Option+drag

Create a copy of a width point Alt/Option+drag

Copy/move all points along the path Alt/Option+Shift+drag

Move multiple width points Shift+drag

Select multiple width points Shift+click

Delete selected width points Delete

Deselect a width point Esc

Width Tool Shortcuts

Create and Apply a Stroke Width Profile

Select the Width tool on the Toolspanel.


Use any of the following methodsto create or adjust a variable widthstroke:

◆ Create a Width Profile. Createor select a variable strokewidth, click the Profile listarrow on the Stroke panel, clickthe Add To Profiles button, typea name, and then click OK.

◆ Apply a Width Profile. Select apath, click the Profile list arrowon the Stroke panel, and thenselect the width profile youwant.

◆ Remove a Width Profile. Selectthe variable stroke width youwant to remove, click theProfile list arrow on the Strokepanel, and then click Uniform.

◆ Flip a Width Profile. Click theProfile list arrow on the Strokepanel, select the profile youwant to flip, and then click theFlip Along or Flip Acrossbutton.

◆ Delete a Width Profile. Clickthe Profile list arrow on theStroke panel, select the profileyou want to delete, and thenclick the Delete Profile button,and then click Yes.

◆ Restore the Default WidthProfile Set. Click the Profile listarrow on the Stroke panel, clickthe Reset Profiles button, andthen click OK. This removes anycustom saved profiles.

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The Eyedropper tool on the Tools panel makes it easy to quickly pick upa color from one area of your artwork and apply it to another area.When you click an object with the Eyedropper tool, it picks up theobject’s color and stroke attributes and displays them in the Tools,Color, and Stroke panels. You can pick up attributes from any type ofobject, even a graphic image and the object doesn’t need to beselected. If an object is selected, the color and stroke attributes areapplied to the selected object. The Eyedropper tool also providesoptions for you to customize the attributes—such as Appearance,Transparency, Focal Fill and Focal Stroke, Character Style andParagraph Style—that you want to pick up with the tool.

Using the EyedropperTool

Apply Colors and Attributes withthe Eyedropper Tool

If you want to apply the pick upcolor and attributes to one or moreobjects, then select them.

Select the Eyedropper tool on theTools panel.

Click an object in any window thatcontains the color and attributesthat you want to pick up and apply.

◆ If you want to apply colorattributes from the currentlyselected object and apply themto another object you select,Alt+click (Win) or Option+click(Mac) the objects.

◆ To have the Eyedropper toolonly pick up an object’s colorand not other attributes, clickthe Fill or Stroke box on theTools or Color panel, and thenShift+click the color to bepicked up.

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Change Eyedropper Options

Double-click the Eyedropper toolon the Tools panel.

In the left column, select thecheck boxes for the options thatyou want the Eyedropper to pickup and deselect the ones youdon’t.

In the right column, select thecheck boxes for the options thatyou want the Eyedropper to applyand deselect the ones you don’t.

Click the Raster Sample Size listarrow, and then select a samplesize for the pick up color andattributes.

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Instead of using solid color or gradients as object fills, you can createand use patterns. The process is very simple. In Illustrator, use existingartwork (nothing with a painted pattern) or create a pattern usingtools—such as Rectangle, Ellipse, Polygon, Arc, Spiral, Star, or Flare—on the Tools panel, and then drag it to the Swatches panel. If you wantto create a more complex pattern, you can make and edit patternsusing the Pattern Options panel (New!). The pattern consists of agroup of objects, which you can also edit using Isolation Mode.

Creating Patterns forFills

Create a Pattern for Fills

Use existing or draw objects to beused as a pattern.

Select the Selection tool on theTools panel.

Select all the objects.

Click the Object menu, point toPattern, and then click Make.

If prompted with an alert dialogbox, click OK.

The object is added to theSwatches panel, the PatternOptions panel opens, and thepattern appears in Isolation Mode.

Type a name for the pattern.

Click the Tile Type list arrow, andthen select a layout: Grid, Brick byRow, Brick by Column, Hex byColumn, or Hex by Row.

◆ Brick Offset. If you select oneof the brick title types, click theBrick Offset list arrow, andthen select an offset.

To adjust tiling manually, click thePattern Tile Tool button, and thendrag a white square handle toresize it.

Specify any of the followingoptions:

◆ Width and Height. If you wantan exact width and height,specify the values you want.

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◆ Size Tile to Art. Select to sizethe pattern tile to the appliedobject. If you select his option,specify horizontal (H) andvertical (V) spacing.

◆ Move Tile with Art. Select tomove the pattern tile with theapplied object.

◆ Overlap. Select Left in Front orRight in Front and Top in Frontor Bottom in Front.

Specify any of the followingoptions:

◆ Copies. Specify the number ofpatterns you want in the grid.

◆ Dim Copies to a Percentage.Select to dim the pattern copiesby an opacity percentage.

◆ Show Tile Edge. Select to showthe edge of the pattern tile.

◆ Show Swatch Bounds. Selectto show the bounding edge ofthe pattern swatch.

When you’re done modifying thepattern, click Done on the gray barto exit Isolation Mode.

◆ Cancel. Click Cancel to exitIsolation Mode with creating anpattern.

◆ Save a Copy. Click Save a Copyto create a copy of the pattern;Enter a name, and then clickOK.

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After you create a pattern using the Pattern Options panel (New!), youcan use the Edit Pattern command (New!) on the Pattern submenu onthe Object menu to edit the pattern. When you edit a pattern from theSwatches panel, the Pattern Options panel opens and the patternappears in Isolation Mode. With the Direction Selection tool, you canedit individual objects in the pattern. With the Pattern Options panel,you can edit how the pattern appears as a fill.

Editing Patterns

Edit a Pattern

Select the Swatches panel.

Select the pattern you want toedit.

Click the Object menu, point toPattern, and then click EditPattern.

The Pattern Options panel opensand the pattern appears inIsolation Mode.

With the Direct Selection tool, editindividual objects in the pattern.

In the Pattern Options panel, makethe changes you want to pattern;see the previous page for optionspecifics.

To adjust tiling manually, click thePattern Tile Tool button, and thendrag a white square handle toresize it in Isolation Mode.

When you’re done modifying thepattern, click Done on the gray barto exit Isolation Mode.

◆ Cancel. Click Cancel to exitIsolation Mode with creating apattern.

◆ Save a Copy. Click Save a Copyto create a copy of the pattern;enter a name, and then clickOK.

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After you create a pattern, you can apply the pattern from theSwatches panel to an object’s fill or stroke. You can apply a pattern justas you would apply a solid or gradient color. Simply, select the object,select the Fill or Stroke color box on the Tools panel, and then click thepattern you want to use from the Swatches panel.

Using Patterns as Fills

Use a Pattern as a Fill or Stroke

Select the Selection tool on theTools panel.

Select an object.

Click the Fill or Stroke color boxon the Tools panel.


Click the pattern in the Swatchespanel.

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Did You Know?You can reposition a pattern fill. Toreposition the pattern fill or stroke inan object without moving the object,select the Selection tool, hold down ~ (tilde) and drag inside the object.

You can expand a pattern into individ-ual objects. Select the object with thepattern, click the Object menu, clickExpand, select the Fill check boxand/or the Stroke check box, and thenclick OK.

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The Edit Color submenu allows you to blend fill colors for three or moreobjects. The more objects that you select, the more gradual the colorblend. Stroke colors and attributes remain the same. Illustrator takesthe objects on the edges (front and back, left and right, and top andbottom) as the starting and ending colors in the blend. All objects inbetween the starting and ending ones are intermediate blends.

Blending Fill Colors

Blend Fill Colors

Select three or more objects thatcontain fill colors.

◆ The objects cannot containglobal process colors, patterns,or gradients.

Click the Edit menu, and then pointto Edit Colors.

Select any of the followingcommands:

◆ Blend Front to Back. Uses thefill color of the front and backobjects in the selection as thestarting and ending colors inthe blend.

◆ Blend Horizontally. Uses the fillcolor of the left side and rightside objects as the starting andending colors in the blend.

◆ Blend Vertically. Uses the fillcolor of the top and bottomobjects as the starting andending colors in the blend.

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If you’re just getting started with blends, the Make command on theBlend submenu is an easy way to create a blend. All you need to do isselect the objects that you want to use in the blend, and then choosethe Make command. That’s it. Illustrator creates all the transitionalobjects in between. If you don’t like the results, you can undo the blendand try something else. If you no longer want the blend, you canrelease it, which removes the transitional objects and leaves the origi-nal objects and the path.

Creating BlendsAutomatically

Make and Release BlendObjects

Select two or more objects orgroups (with space in betweenthem) that you want to blend.

Click the Object menu, point toBlend, and then click Make.

◆ To undo the creation of theblend objects, click the Editmenu, and then click Undo.

Select the blend objects.

To release the blend objects, clickthe Object menu, point to Blend,and then click Release.

The transitional objects betweenthe original objects are removed,while the original objects and pathremain intact.

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If you want a little more control over the way a blend turns out, you canspecify options in the Blend Options dialog box. The settings automati-cally apply to any selected objects and future blends. The settingsinclude Smooth Color, Specified Steps (number of transitional steps),Specified Distance, Align to Page, and Align to Path. The Previewoption allows you to view your changes on the screen as you makethem.

Applying BlendOptions

Change and Apply BlendOptions

Select an existing blend object.

Click the Object menu, point toBlend, and then click BlendOptions.

Select the Preview check box toview your changes.

Click the Spacing list arrow, andthen select one of the following:

◆ Smooth Color. Select toautomatically create a smoothcolor blend based on thenumber of transitional stepsneeded.

◆ Specified Steps. Enter thenumber of transitional steps (1-1000) that you want.

◆ Specified Distance. Enter thedistance (.1-1000 pixels)between the transition objectsin the blend.

Select one of the followingorientation buttons:

◆ Align to Page. Click to align theblend objects perpendicular tothe horizontal axes.

◆ Align to Path. Click to align theblend objects perpendicular tothe path.

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If you want to specify the locations where the blend takes place, youcan use the Blend tool on the Tools panel. The Blend tool allows you toselect the anchor points on the objects to determine the direction ofthe blend. For the best results and smoothest transitions, click anchorpoints on corresponding locations on the objects. If you’re not surewhich anchor points to use, you can also select an object’s fill to letIllustrator select the anchor point for you. Experiment with it to deter-mine what works best for you.

Creating Blends withthe Blend Tool

Create a Blend with the BlendTool

Select two or more objects orgroups (with space in betweenthem) that you want to blend.

Select the Blend tool on the Toolspanel.

Click the fill of the first object (notthe center point) to let Illustratordetermine an anchor point to use,or click the anchor point that youwant to use.

Click the fill or an anchor point onthe next object. If the path is open,click an endpoint.

For the best results and smoothesttransitions, click anchor points oncorresponding locations on theobjects.

Continue to click correspondinganchor points on the selectedobjects.

To release the blend objects,select the blend, click the Objectmenu, point to Blend, and thenclick Release.

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After you create a blend, you can use commands on the Blend sub-menu to reverse stacking order, reverse spine location, and replace thespine. These commands allow you to quickly change the look of theblend. If you want to modify a blend, you can change blend objectsusing other Illustrator features, such as recoloring, reshaping, or trans-forming. Experiment to determine what works best for you.

Modifying BlendObjects

Modify Blend Objects

◆ Reverse Stacking Order. Changesthe stacking order (front to back)without changing the x/y location.Select a blend object, click theObject menu, point to Blend, andthen click Reverse Front to Back.

◆ Reverse Spine. Changes the x/ylocation of the blend objectswithout changing the stackingorder. Select a blend object, clickthe Object menu, point to Blend,and then click Reverse Spine.

◆ Replace Spine. Replaces thecurrent spine in a blend with anew path. Create a new path forthe spine, select a blend objectand the new path, click the Objectmenu, point to Blend, and thenclick Replace Spine.

◆ Recolor. Select all the objects inthe blend that you want to recolor,click the Recolor Artwork buttonon the Control panel, specify thecolor changes you want, and thenclick OK.

◆ Transform. Select all the objects inthe blend, and then use theobject’s bounding box, the FreeTransform tool, or othertransformation tools.

◆ Reshape Path. Move one of theoriginal blend objects with theDirect Selection tool or use any ofthe reshaping path tools.

Edit blend

Reverse spine location

Reshape path

Blend transformed


Transparency, or the opacity of an object (to what degree you can seethrough the object), is set in Illustrator by adjusting the Opacity optionin the Transparency, Control, or Appearance panels. The Opacity optionallows you to specify a percentage to set the transparency level. Alongwith opacity, you an also change the blending mode, which controlshow object colors blend with other object colors below it. You canapply transparency options to an object, group, or layer. This includesan object’s fill or stroke, and type.

Setting TransparencyOptions

Change the Opacity or BlendingMode of an Object

Select an object, group, or layer.

◆ For a layer, click the targetcircle on the Layers panel.

◆ For type, select individualcharacters or the entire object.

◆ For an object’s fill or stroke,click the target circle on theLayers panel, and then click Fillor Stroke on the Appearancepanel.

Select the Transparency panel.

To change opacity, click theOpacity list arrow, and thenspecify a percentage.

To change the blending mode,click the Blending Mode listarrow, and then select a blendingmode.

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When you apply a blending mode to a group, the blend is applied to allthe objects in the group as well as all the objects below it. If you wantto isolate the blend to only the objects nested in the group, you can usethe Isolate Blending option in the Transparency panel. You can also usethe option on individual objects with overlapping strokes and fills. Ifobjects in a group overlap, you can use the Knockout Group option tocontrol whether objects will show through each other (except for semi-transparent objects) or be knocked out.

ControllingTransparency Effects

Isolate a Blending Mode toCertain Objects

Click the target circle for a groupor layer on the Layers panel thatcontains nested objects with ablending mode.


Click the Options menu, and thenclick Page Isolated Blending.

Use the Knockout Group Option

Click the target circle for a groupor layer on the Layers panel thatcontains nested objects.


Click the Options menu, and thenclick Page Knockout Group toknock out the objects so that youcan't see through them. However,you’ll still see through any semi-transparent objects. Deselect thisoption to allow objects to be seenthrough each other.

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You can use an opacity mask and a masking object to change trans-parency. The opacity mask is an object whose shape masks out every-thing except the contents behind the shape. The masking object is thearea that becomes transparent. You can use any colored object orraster image as the masking object. When the opacity mask is white,the artwork is fully visible. When the opacity mask is black, the artworkis hidden. Using shades of gray in the mask provides the varying opac-ity levels of transparency in the artwork. You can create an opacitymask in the Transparency panel.

Creating TransparencyMasks

Use Opacity Masks to CreateTransparency

Select two or more objects orgroups.


Click Make Mask on theTransparency panel.

The Clip check box becomesselected. The Clip option sets themask background to black. If youhave black objects, they will behidden, unless you use a differentcolor or deselect the Clip checkbox.

To reverse the opacity of themasked artwork (80% transparentbecomes 20% transparent), selectthe Invert Mask check box.

◆ You can also change opacitywith the Opacity list arrow.

To edit a masking object, click thethumbnail (on right), edit the mask,and then click the masked artworkthumbnail (on left) to exit.

◆ Alt-click (Win) or Option-click(Mac) the thumbnail to hide allother artwork in the document.

To unlink or relink an opacity mask,click the Link icon between thethumbnails.

To remove an opacity mask, clickRelease on the Transparencypanel.

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If you have problems printing or saving artwork with transparentobjects, you can use the Flatten Transparency command on the Objectmenu to flatten the object. In most cases when you’re working withlegacy artwork, this will fix the problem. The best way to flatten thetransparency within an object is to try one of the presets. Otherwise,you can specify your own settings. If you plan to use the settings in thefuture, you can save them as a custom preset.

Flattening ObjectTransparency

Flatten Object Transparency

Select the objects you want tochange.

Click the Object menu, and thenclick Flatten Transparency.

Click the Preset list arrow, and thenselect a preset.

Click OK to use the preset, orspecify the custom settings:

◆ Raster/Vector Balance.Preserves vector information.

◆ Line Art and Text Resolution.Rasterizes art and text objects;typically set to 600-1200.

◆ Gradient and Mesh Resolution.Rasterizes gradient and meshobjects; typically set to 72-2400.

◆ Convert All Text to Outlines.Select to convert to outlines;discards all type glyph info.

◆ Convert All Strokes to Outlines.Select to convert strokes tofilled paths.

◆ Clip Complex Regions. Select toreduce stitching where rastersand vectors meet.

◆ Anti-alias Rasters. Select tosmooth raster images (New!).

◆ Preserve Alpha Transparency.Select to retain appearance andtransparency.

◆ Preserve Overprints and SpotColors. Select when printingseparations.

To save the custom settings, clickSave Preset, enter a name, andthen click OK.

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The Transparency grid makes it easier to work with semi-transparentobjects. The gray and white checkerboard background allows you todistinguish between different levels of transparencies. You can quicklyshow or hide the transparency grid by using the Show TransparencyGrid command on the View menu. Before you use the command, youcan customize the look of the grid in the Document Setup dialog box.

Using theTransparency Grid

Select Transparency GridPreferences

Click the File menu, and then clickDocument Setup.

Click the Grid Size list arrow, andthen select a size: Small, Medium,or Large.

Click the Grid Colors list arrow,and then select a color: Light,Medium, Dark, or a specific color.

Select the Simulate Colored Papercheck box to simulate the use ofcolored paper, which blends withobjects.

Click the Preset list arrow, andthen select a resolution.

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A gradient is a smooth transition between two or more colors in anobject. You can apply one of Illustrator’s built-in gradients or create oneof your own by using the Gradient panel. The built-in gradients areavailable from gradient libraries. You can apply a gradient to an object’sfill or stroke (New!). After you apply a gradient, you can change thedirection or smoothness of the color transition.

Applying Gradients

Apply a Gradient Fill to anObject

Select an object with the fill youwant to change.

◆ For type, convert it to outlines(click the Type menu, and thenclick Create Outlines), or selectthe type, and then select AddNew Fill from the Appearancepanel menu.

Select the Swatches and Gradientpanels.

◆ To use gradients from agradient library, click theSwatch Libraries menu on theSwatches panel, point toGradient, select a gradientlibrary, and then click agradient.

Click the Fill color box on theGradient (New!) or Tools panel.

Click a gradient swatch on theSwatches panel or use theGradient Fill box list arrow on theGradient panel to apply any of thegradients on the Swatches panel.

To change the direction of thegradient, click the ReverseGradient button.

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Apply a Gradient to a Stroke

Select an object with the strokeyou want to change.

Select the Swatches and Gradientpanels.

◆ To use gradients from agradient library, click theSwatch Libraries menu on theSwatches panel, point toGradient, select a gradientlibrary, and then click agradient.

Click the Stroke color box on theGradient (New!) or Tools panel.

Click a gradient swatch on theSwatches panel or use theGradient Fill box list arrow on theGradient panel to apply any of thegradients on the Swatches panel.

Click a stroke button (New!) tospecify where to apply thegradient:

◆ Within Stroke.

◆ Along Stroke.

◆ Across Stroke.

To change the direction of thegradient, click the ReverseGradient button.

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Did You Know?You can expand a gradient fill to cre-ate an effect. Select an object with agradient fill, click the Object menu,click Expand, click the Specify optionin the Expand Gradient To area, andthen enter the number of objects thatyou want to create. For a smooth colortransition, enter a large number (100),and then click OK.

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You can apply one of Illustrator’s built-in gradients or create one of yourown by using the Gradient panel. The built-in gradients are availablefrom gradient libraries, which you can access from the Swatches panel.The gradient libraries open in a panel, displaying individual gradients.When you select a swatch from a gradient library, it’s automaticallyadded to the Swatches panel. You can apply a gradient to an object’s fillor stroke using the Swatches, gradient library, or Gradient panels.

Using GradientsLibraries

Add Library Gradients to theSwatches Panel


Click the Swatch Libraries menuon the Swatches panel, point toGradient, and then select agradient library.

Click a gradient swatch on thegradient library panel.

The swatch from a gradient libraryis automatically added to theSwatches panel, where you canapply it to fills and strokes.

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Instead of using one of Illustrator’s built-in gradients, you can createyour own by using the Gradient panel. It’s easy and you can be creativein the process. You can create a gradient with two or more colors andadd transparency. There are two types of gradients: Radial (circular)and Linear (horizontal). After you create a gradient, you need to save itin the Swatches panel in order to use it again later.

Creating Gradients

Create a Gradient Fill for anObject

Select an object.

Select the Gradient panel.

Click the Gradient Fill box on theGradient panel.

Click the left color stop and usethe Color panel to create the coloryou want, or Alt+click (Win) orOption+click (Mac) a color swatchon the Swatches panel.

Repeat the previous step for theright color stop.

Click the Type list arrow, and thenselect a gradient type: Radial orLinear.

To add color stops, click below thegradient spectrum in a blank area.To remove a color stop, drag itdown and away from the gradientspectrum.

To adjust the amount of each colorin the gradient, drag the diamondabove the gradient spectrum.

To add transparency, select acolor stop, and then specify anOpacity value.

To save the gradient, drag theGradient Fill box from the Gradientpanel to the Swatches panel.

◆ To save and name the gradient,click the Gradient Fill box onthe Gradient panel, click theNew Swatch button on theSwatches panel, enter a name,and then click OK.

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After you apply a built-in gradient or use one of your own, you can editit. You can edit a gradient in an object and keep the gradient in theSwatches panel unchanged or you can edit the gradient in theSwatches panel and keep the gradient in an object unchanged. Editinga gradient is similar to creating one. The techniques are the same. Allyou need to do is select the element that you want to edit.

Editing Gradients

Edit a Gradient

Select an object with a gradient,or click the gradient swatch on theSwatches panel you want to edit.

Select the Gradient panel.

Click the Gradient Fill box on theGradient panel, or click theGradient Fill box list arrow, andthen select one of the savedgradients (from Swatches panel).

To change the gradient type, clickthe Type list arrow, and then selecta gradient type: Radial or Linear.

Do any of the following:

◆ Add color stops. Click belowthe gradient spectrum in ablank area.

◆ Remove color stops. Drag thecolor stop down and away fromthe gradient spectrum.

◆ Move color stops. Drag thecolor stop or enter a Locationvalue.

◆ Duplicate color stops. Alt+drag(Win) or Option+drag (Mac) acolor stop.

◆ Adjust color amount. Drag thediamond above the gradientspectrum.

◆ Change Transparency. Select acolor stop, and then specify anOpacity value.

To save the gradient, Alt-drag(Win) or Option-drag (Mac) theGradient Fill box from the Gradientpanel over the old gradient on theSwatches panel.

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The Gradient tool on the Tools panel allows you to change how a gradi-ent appears for an object. You can change how gradient colors blend,the angle of a linear gradient, and the location of the center for a radialgradient with a drag of the mouse over the gradient fill. You can alsoedit gradient colors on the object by adding or changing color stops,applying transparency to color stops, and changing gradient direction(linear) or angle (radial) using the Gradient Annotator, which you canshow and hide from the View menu.

Using the GradientTool

Use the Gradient Tool to Changea Gradient

Select an object with a gradientthat you want to change.

Click the Gradient tool on the Toolspanel.

Click the View menu, and thenclick Show Gradient Annotator.

Do any of the following:

◆ Short Color Transitions. Dragthe diamond icon on the objecta short distance.

◆ Gradual Color Transitions. Dragthe diamond icon on the objecta long distance.

◆ Change Position. Drag thelarger circle on the object.

◆ Reverse Color Direction. Dragthe diamond icon on the objectin the opposite direction.

◆ Change Radial Center. Drag thesmall circle attached to thelarger circle on the object.

◆ Change Linear Angle. Alt+drag(Win) or Option+drag (Mac) thediamond icon to another angle.

◆ Change Color Stops. Clickbelow the spectrum line to add,drag to move, and drag away toremove color stops.

◆ Change Transparency. Double-click a color stop on the object,and then specify an Opacityvalue in the Gradient panel.

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A mesh object is a multicolored gradient type object that allows colorsto flow in different directions and transitions from one point to another.A mesh object uses mesh lines (like a grid) to make it easier for you tomodify color flow, transitions, intensity, and opacity. The points in thegrid are called mesh points (diamonds). Mesh points are like anchorpoints, except you can assign color and transparency to them. Thearea between four mesh points is a mesh patch for which you canmodify the color and transparency. You can create two types of meshobjects: one with an irregular pattern of mesh points or one with a reg-ular pattern of mesh points.

Creating a GradientMesh

Create a Gradient Mesh

Select an object.

Do one of the following:

◆ Irregular Pattern. Select theMesh tool on the Tools panel,select a fill color for meshpoints, click to place the firstmesh point, and then continueto click to place other meshpoints.

◆ Regular Pattern. Click theObject menu, and then clickCreate Gradient Mesh. Set thenumber of rows and columns,select the highlight direction,enter a percentage of whitehighlight (100% = white, 0% =no white), and then click OK.

To edit a mesh object, select theMesh tool on the Tools panel, andthen do any of the following:

◆ Delete Mesh Point. Alt-click(Win) or Option-click (Mac) amesh point to delete it.

◆ Move Mesh Point. Drag tomove a mesh point. Shift-dragto keep the mesh point on amesh line.

◆ Add Mesh Point. Select a colorfor the new mesh point, andthen click to add a mesh point.

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Set Color and Transparency for aGradient Mesh

Select the Mesh tool on the Toolspanel.

Select one or more mesh points orpatches on the object.

To change the color of a meshpoint or path, drag a color from theColor or Swatches panel onto thepoint or patch.

◆ You can also deselect allobjects, select a fill color, andthen select the mesh objectand use the Eyedropper tool toapply the full color.


Click the Opacity list arrow, andthen specify a percentage.

IMPORTANT If you save theobject to the CS5 format, or EPS orPDF, the transparency on the meshobject is retained by creating aopacity mask.

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3

2

1

Did You Know?You can convert a gradient to a meshobject. Select an object with a gradientfill, click the Object menu, clickExpand, click the Gradient Meshoption, and then click OK.

You can convert a mesh object back toa path object. Select the mesh object,click the Object menu, point to Path,click Offset Path, enter zero for the off-set value, and then click OK.

1

2 Selected mesh point

3

54

Added color and transparency

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503

Index

Aaccented edges effects, 301actions

Actions panel, 358–359adding commands to, 364adding stops to, 362batch file processing, 366–367building new, 360built-in scripts, 368controlling playback of, 361deleting commands from, 365inserting a non-recordable command in

an Action, 363order of commands in, changing, 364recording, 360running actions within actions, 360saving

as files, 359into sets, 359

scripts, 368–369activation, 2active documents, 21active windows, 20Adobe.com, 450Adobe Bridge

automating tasks in, 486browsing documents with, 16Camera Raw feature, 476–479color settings, 109components of, 473description of, 472editing images in, 484Get Photos from Camera command, 475opening documents with, 16–17, 474placing graphics from, 262–263preferences, setting, 482–483revealing documents in, 16

Web Photo Gallery creation, 485working with images using, 17, 480–481

Adobe Creative Cloud, 15Adobe Dreamweaver, 418Adobe ExtendScript Toolkit, 472, 491Adobe Extension Manager, 472, 490Adobe Flash Builder, 31Adobe Flex File, saving documents as,

420-421Adobe Idea File (IDEA), 14-15Adobe Media Encoder, 488-489Adobe Mini Bridge, 487Adobe PDF Presets command (Edit menu),

409Adobe Product Improvement Program, 25Adobe Studio Exchange, 2Adobe SVG Viewer, 418-419Adobe Updater, 23Adobe Web site

Adobe Studio Exchange, 2Community Help, 24

advanced print options, 394–395Advanced tab (File Info dialog box), 399alignment

anchor points, 178–179objects, 96paragraphs, 246pixel grid, 67slices, 447stroke, 138

All Objects command (Select menu), 90All Objects in Active Artboard command

(Select menu), 90anchor points

adding new, 176–177alignment, 178–179average, 173Convert Anchor Point tool, 175

504

anchor points (continued)converting, 174–175deleting, 177direction lines, 172endpoints, 179highlighting, 172moving, 172–173paths and, 65preferences, 172selecting with Direct Selection tool, 84showing and hiding, 65smooth points, converting to corner

points, 174anchors, 457Android (Media Encoder), 488-489anti-aliasing, 245, 454Appearance of Black preferences, 468Appearance panel, 278–279

exporting as CSS3 file, 418-419Apple devices (Media Encoder), 488-489Arc tool, 72arcs, drawing, 72area graphs, 372-373Area Type tool, 222, 225arranging

documents, 20layers, 208–209slices, 446–447

arrowheads, stroke, 140-141art brushes, 324–325Artboard tool

artboard creation, 36Artboard Options button, 37multiple artboards, 38

artboardswithin artboards, 36aspect ratio, 37centerpoints, 37deleting, 38display options, 39duplicating, 36exiting editing mode, 36landscape/portrait orientation, 37moving, 38multiple, working with, 38navigating within, 36presets, 36previewing, 38

resizing, 38rotating, 38size, 37switching between, 19, 39video safe areas, 37X and Y positioning, 37

artwork, inserting in documents, 18Assign Profile command (Edit menu), 110attributes

appearance, 278–279stroke, 138–141

Audio Data tab (File Info dialog box), 398auto slices, 440AutoCAD File format, 403

Bbar graphs, 372-373batch file processing, 366–367Batch Rename command, 486bend styles, 95bevel bend style, 95bevel joins, 139bitmap, exporting documents as, 404black appearance options, 468bleed

bleed print option, 389document creation, 34

Blend command (Objects menu), 151–152Blend tool, 153blends

blending fill colors, 150changing and applying blend options,

152creating automatically, 151creating with Blend tool, 153making and releasing blend objects, 151objects, modifying, 154opacity, 155transformation, 154transparency settings, 156

Bloat tool, 332Blob Brush tool

brush options, setting, 189merging paths with, 188

blur effects, 298-299BMP format, 403bold font, 236

Index 505

Bounding Box command (View menu),314–315

Bridge (Adobe)automating tasks in, 486browsing documents with, 16Camera Raw feature, 476–479color settings, 109components of, 473description of, 472editing images in, 484Get Photos from Camera command, 475Mini Bridge, 487opening documents with, 16–17, 474placing graphics from, 262–263preferences, setting, 482–483revealing documents in, 16Web Photo Gallery creation, 485working with images using, 17, 480–481

Bristle brushes, 328-329creating and editing, 328-329

Browse in Bridge command (File menu),16–17, 262–263

browserpreview in (Save for Web), 451

brushesart, 324–325Blob Brush tool, 189Bristle, 328-329Brushes panel, 317calligraphic, 322–323deleting, 330library, saving, 331Paintbrush tool, 318–319pattern, 326–327scatter, 320–321strokes, removing, 330

Brushes panel, 317built-in scripts, actions, 368

Ccalligraphic brushes, 322–323Camera Data tab (File Info dialog box), 398Camera Raw feature, 472, 476–479canvas (user interface), 465canvas (Object menu)

HTML5 Canvas (HTML5 Pack), 418

caps, 139case, text, 383Categories tab (File Info dialog box), 398center mark, 39centerpoints, 37Character panel, 238-245

formatting type, 244Character Styles panel, 250-251Check Spelling command (Edit menu), 378circles, drawing, 68clean up unneeded elements, 375clearing

guides, 51objects, 93

clipping maskscreating, 194creating for groups or layers, 195editing, 196masked object, editing in Isolation

Mode, 197release objects from, 195

clipping sets, 197Close button, 28Close command (File menu), 28closed paths, 65closing

documents, 28Illustrator, 28panels, 8-9

CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black)color mode, 30, 111, 115

collapsing panels, 8-9Color Guide panel

applying color with, 128–129color groups, 129harmony rules, variations based on, 129variation options, selecting, 127variation types, displaying, 127

color management print options, 396color modes. See also colors

changing, 112CMYK, 30, 111, 115document creation, 30Grayscale, 30, 114RGB, 30, 111, 114switching between, 111working with, 111

506

Color panelColor sliders, 114working with, 114–115

colored paper simulation, 35colors. See also Color Guide panel; color

modes; Swatches panelapplying to objects, fills, or stroke, 113,

136-137applying with Eyedropper tool, 144–145Color Guide Panel, 127–129Color panel, 114–115color profiles, changing or removing, 109color settings, changing, 108–109converting to grayscale, 125crop mark registration color, 56-57gamut warning icon, 115global, 124–126grayscale images, 125grid colors transparency settings, 35grids, 54group, creating, 118-119guides, 50, 53hue, 115inverting, 126Kuler panel, 122–123Live Color feature, 130–131luminosity, 115nonglobal, 124–126proofing, 132-133replacing, 124–125saturation, 115selecting, 115soft proof, 132-133Swatches panel, 116–121themes, 122–123ungroup, 119view box color, 44Web-safe, 115

column graphs, 372-373combining

slices, 448commands

adding to actions, 364basic description of, 6-7deleting from actions, 365Panel Options menu, 11

Community Help site, 24compound paths

creating, 192releasing, 193reversing object's fill in, 193

condensed font, 236Constrain Angle general preference, 454Control panel

anchor points, converting, 175basic description of, 13splitting paths using, 186-187tools in, 6-7

Convert Anchor Point tool, 175Convert to Shape command (Effect menu),

284convert to shape effects, 284converting anchor points, 174–175Copy command (Edit menu), 233copying text, 232–233corner points, 174Corner Radius general preference, 454Create New Action button (Actions panel),

359Create New Set button (Actions panel), 359crop marks

creating, 56-57deleting, 56general preferences, 455registration color, 56trim marks, editable, 57

cross hairs, 39Crystallize tool, 332CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

exporting as CSS3 file, 418-419setting properties, for SVG, 417

cursor preferences, 454curved segments, 173curves, drawing, 171custom dictionaries, spell checking, 379Cut command (Edit menu), 233cutout effects, 300

Ddashed stroke, 140data graphs, 372-373data sets

creating, 370–371deleting, 370–371renaming, 371

Index 507

data variables, 370–371deactivate Illustrator, 22Delete button (Actions panel), 359deleting

anchor points, 177artboards, 38brushes, 330commands from actions, 365crop marks, 56-57data sets, 370–371files, 14graphic styles, 277layers, 205objects, 93selections, 92slices, 442symbols, 337workspaces, 61

Description tab (File Info dialog box), 398Deselect command (Select menu), 90dialogs

Reset All Warning Dialogs, 455DICOM tab (File Info dialog box), 399dictionary preferences, 462dictionaries, spell checking, 379diffuse glow effects, 301Direct Selection tool

anchor points, adding new, 176anchor points or segments, moving, 173deleting anchor points using, 177end points, connecting, 179selecting anchor points and segments

with, 84showing/hiding direction lines, 65understanding selections, 82

direction linesanchor points, 172showing and hiding, 65

Distort & Transform command (Effectmenu), 102, 291

distributingobjects, 96slices, 447

dithering, 435dividing

paths, 185slices, 448

drawing mode, 66

behind, 66normal, 66inside, 66

DOC format, 229docking

documents, 21panels, 10

Document Color Mode command (Filemenu), 112, 384

Document Info panel, 400Document Setup command (File menu), 34,

159Document window, 6-7documents

active, 21arranging, 20bleed and view options settings, 34browsing with Adobe Bridge, 16closing, 28color modes, 30creating

from scratch, 30from templates, 32–33using presets, 31

docking/undocking, 21exporting

as bitmap, 404Export command, 402export file formats, 403as Flash Movie, 410–411to Photoshop, 408with presets, 409as TIFF format, 405

file information, inserting, 398–399finding and replacing text and elements

in, 380–381grid pattern, 21inserting images in, 18language settings, 35linking, 18measurement units, 34opening

with Adobe Bridge, 16–17existing documents, 14recently opened, 15

printing, 384revealing in Adobe Bridge, 16rulers, 48–49

508

documents (continued)saving, 26–27

as Adobe Flex File, 420-421as EPS format, 414–415as FXG format, 420-421as Microsoft Office, 422as PDF format, 412–413as SVG format, 416-418as template, 423for the Web, 426–427

setting up, 34–35spell checking, 378–379switching between, 20tabbed, 20templates, 18transparency settings, 34–35type options settings, 35view size, 19viewing information in, 19views, 40–43windows, 20–21working with multiple, 20–21

DOCX format, 229double quotes, 35drawing

arcs, 72circles, 68curves, 171ellipses, 68line segments, 71with Pencil tool, 304–305polygons, 70, 170rectangle grids, 74rectangles, 69spirals, 72–73stars, 70

drawing tablets, 470drop shadow effects, 287duplicating

artboards, 36color in Swatches panel, 117graphic styles, 275layers, 210objects, 94–95slices, 442, 448symbols, 338

EEdit Colors command (Edit menu), 126, 150Edit Custom Dictionary command (Edit

menu), 379Edit menu commands

Adobe PDF Presets, 409Assign Profile, 110Check Spelling, 378Color Settings, 108Copy, 233Cut, 233Edit Colors, 126, 150Edit Custom Dictionary, 379Find and Replace, 380–381Paste, 232–233Paste in Back, 233Paste in Front, 233Print Presets, 385Redo, 59Transparency Flattener Presets, 395Undo, 59

Edit Selection command (Select menu), 92Edit View command (View menu), 40editing

blend objects, 154clipping masks, 196color in Swatches panel, 117colors with Live Color, 130–131gradients, 164graphic styles, 276images in Adobe Bridge, 484paths within clipping sets, 197patterns, 148selections, 92symbols, 339

Effect menu commandsConvert to Shape, 284Crop Marks, 56Distort & Transform, 102Effect Gallery, 294–297Stylize, 285

effectsaccented edges, 301applying multiple, 296blur, 298-299controlling with selections, 297convert to shape, 284

Index 509

cutout, 300diffuse glow, 301distort, 291drop shadow, 287dry brush, 300Fresco, 300gaussian blur, 298-299glass, 301glowing edges, 301grain, 302graphic pen, 302Illustrator, 282–283inner glow, 286–287mosaic tiles, 302note paper, 301outer glow, 286–287panel knife, 300Photoshop Effect Gallery, 294–295plastic wrap, 302previewing, 282raster graphics, 292scribble, 285spatter, 302stained glass, 302stamp, 301text, 228transform, 2913D, 288–289vector objects, 293warp, 290

Ellipse tool, 68ellipses, drawing, 68embedded graphics, 266–267endpoints, 179Enhanced Metafile format, 403Envelopes, reshaping with, 104-105EPS format, 27, 399, 414–415Eraser tool, 182erasing path parts, 182exiting Illustrator, 28Expand button (Pathfinder panel), 190Expand command (Objects menu), 160-161expanding

gradients, 160-161panels, 8-9patterns, 149

ExportDocsAsFlash, script, 368–369

exportingdocuments

as bitmap, 404as CSS3, 418-419Export command, 402as Flash Movie, 410–411as JPEG, 406-407to Photoshop, 408as PNG, 406-407with presets, 409as TIFF format, 405

export file formats, 403ExtendScript Toolkit, 472, 491Extension Manager (Adobe), 472, 490Extensions command (Window menu),

122–123Eyedropper tool

applying colors and attributes with,144–145

color attributes, changing, 145Save for Web tool, 428-429

Ffamilies, font, 236File Handling & Clipboard preferences,

466-467File Info command (File menu), 398file information, inserting into documents,

398–399File menu commands

Browse in Bridge, 16–17, 262–263Close command, 28Device Center, 41Document Color Mode, 112, 384Document Setup, 34, 159File Info, 398New, 30–31New From Template, 32Open, 14, 260Open Recent, 15Open With, 262Place, 18, 261, 264, 266Print, 384, 386Return to Adobe Illustrator, 16Revert, 26Save, 26Save a Copy, 27Save As, 27, 33

510

File menu commands (continued)Save for Web, 426–429, 430-431Scripts, 368–369

filesdeleting, 14formats (Save for Web), 426-431images, optimizing to file size (Save for

Web), 439saving actions as, 359

fillsapplying color to, 113, 128, 136-137blending fill colors, 150patterns as, 146–149

Find and Replace command (Edit menu),380–381

Find Font command, 382Fire/Nook device, 31Fit All In Window command (View menu),

46Fit Artboard In Window command (View

menu), 46Flare tool, 69Flash Builder, 31Flash format, SWF, 403, 410-411Flash Movie, exporting documents as,

410–411Flash (Media Encoder), 488-489Flattener Preview command (Window

menu), 41, 395flattening layers, 216flattening object transparency, 158fonts

bold, 236condensed, 236families and styles, 236Find Font command, 382finding, 237italic, 236OpenType fonts, 254replacing, 237reusing recent, 236size, 238

formatting type, 244Freehand format, 14Free Transform tool, 98–99Fresco effects, 300full screen mode, 45FXG format, 27, 420-421

Ggamut warning icon, 115Galaxy S device, 31Gap options, 316gaussian blur effects, 298-299General preferences, 454Get Photos from Camera command

(Adobe), 475GIF documents, optimizing, 434–435GIF format, 399glass effects, 301global colors, 124–126glowing edges effects, 301glyphs, 253Go to Bridge button, 16–17GPS Data tab (File Info dialog box), 398Gradient tool, 165gradients

applying to objects, 160-161creating, 163editing, 164expanding, 160-161fill, 160Gradient Annotator, 165Gradient tool, 165libraries, using, 162linear type, 163mesh, 104-105, 166-167radial type, 163stroke, 161

grain effects, 302graphic pen effects, 302graphics

embedded, 266–267linked, 266–267linking, 264–265mosaic, 280opening graphic images, 260placing, 261–263print options, 390raster

interpolation and, 64tracing, 268–272understanding raster graphics, 64

stylesapplying, 273breaking links to, 277

Index 511

creating, 274deleting, 277duplicating, 275editing, 276

graphs, 372-373add designs, 374create and format, 372-373

Grayscale color mode, 30, 114grayscale images, 125grid colors transparency settings, 35grid patterns, 21Grid, Perspective

adjusting, 79copying, 80customizing, 81drawing, 78moving, 80objects, adding, 80resizing, 80text, adding, 80

grid, pixel aligned, 67grid size transparency setting, 34grids. See also guides

color, 54displaying in back of artwork, 54Polar Grid tool, 75preferences, 54Rectangle Grid tool, 74showing and hiding, 54Snap to Grid command, 54styles, 54subdivisions, 54Transparency, 159

Group command (Objects menu), 88Group Selection tool, 82grouping objects, 88–89groups

creating clipping masks for, 195colors, creating in the Swatches panel,

118-119guides. See also grids

clearing, 51color, 50converting vector objects to, 51creating, 51locking, 50preferences, 50ruler, 49

showing and hiding, 50smart guides

object transformation, 99preferences, 53turning on/off, 52working with, 52–53

snap to point, 50style, 50switching, 51

HHand tool

moving elements around with, 55quick access to, 55Save for Web tool, 428-429

handles, 457hanging indents, 247hardware, Illustrator system

requirements, 3Help menu commands

Adobe Product Improvement Program,25

Illustrator Help, 24–25Updates, 23

help optionsCommunity Help site, 24searching topics, 25

Hide Edges command (View menu), 65Hide Panels command (Window menu), 20hiding

anchor points, 65direction lines, 65grids, 54guides, 50layers, 212panels, 10, 45rulers, 49slices, 442–443Transparency grid, 159

highlighting anchor points, 172histograms, 479History tab (File Info dialog box), 399HSB color slider (Color panel), 114HTML text, adding to slices, 444HTML5 Pack, 418-419

exporting as CSS3, 419saving as SVG, 418

512

hue, 115hyphenation, 249, 462hyphenation preferences, 462

Iicons, collapsing and expanding panel sets

between icons and panels, 11Illustrator Help command (Help menu),

24–25Illustrator tab (File Info dialog box), 399images

inserting in documents, 18replacing, 18working with images using Bridge, 17

ImageTracing, script, 368–369image tracing options, 268-271Image Trace panel, 268-271importing text, 229indentation

hanging indents, 247paragraphs, 247

Info panelcolor fill and stroke information, 58uses for, 58

inner glow effects, 286–287iPad device, 31

Media Encoder, 488-489IPTC tab (File Info dialog box), 398IPTC Extension tab (File Info dialog box),

398iPhone device, 31

Media Encoder, 488-489installing Illustrator

in Macintosh, 3in Windows, 2

Internet, checking for updates from, 22interpolation, 64Inverse command (Select menu), 90inverting colors, 126IPTC tab (File Info dialog box), 398Isolation Mode, 197italic font, 236

JJavaScript, 416-418joining anchor endpoints, 179joins, 139

JPEG documents, optimizing, 432–433JPEG format, 399, 403

exporting as, 406-407justification options, 255

Kkerning type, 240Keyboard Increment general preference,

454keyboard shortcuts, 469Knife tool, 185Knockout Group option, 156Kuler panel, 122–123

Llandscape/portrait orientation, 37language settings, document creation, 35Lasso tool

selecting objects with, 85understanding selections, 82

layers. See also Layers panelarranging, 208–209creating clipping masks for, 195creating top level layers, 202–203deleting, 205deselecting, 204duplicating, 210flattening, 216hiding, 212locking, 211merging, 213moving, 208–209moving objects to, 214–215naming, 203outlines, viewing, 219Paste Remembers Layers, 214releasing objects to, 215reverse order, 208selecting, 204selecting objects with, 206–207showing and hiding, 212sublayers, 202–203template, creating, 218

Layers panel. See also layersaccessing, 200components of, 200locating objects in, 217

Index 513

options, setting, 201layouts, workspace, 60leading text, 239libraries

brushes, saving, 331gradients, 162

ligature, 255line graphs, 372-373Line Segment tool, 71line segments, drawing, 71linear gradient type, 163linked graphics, 266–267linking

documents, 18graphics, 264–265slices, 443

Liquify tools, 335Live Color feature

applying color groups to objects with,130–131

editing colors with, 130–131Live Paint Bucket tool

paint fills, 310preferences, setting, 309selecting options to paint fills or strokes

with, 308stroke edges, changing, 311

Live Paint Groupsadding paths to, 315converting traced objects to, 307creating, 306–307Gap options, 316reshaping or moving paths in, 314–315

Live Paint Selection tool, 312–313locking, 211guides, 50layers, 213

lossy compression, 435lowercase text, 383luminosity, 115

MMacintosh

Illustrator system requirements, 3installing Illustrator in, 3starting Illustrator in, 5

Macintosh PICT format, 403

Magic Wand toolselecting objects with, 86–87understanding selections, 82

marks print options, 388–389Measure tool, 58measurement

distance between objects, measuring, 58measurement units, document creation,

34Media Encoder, 488-489menus, 6-7merging

layers, 213paths, 188–189

mesh, 104-105, 166-167 metadata, 398-399Microsoft Office, saving documents as, 422Mini Bridge, 487miter bend style, 95miter joins, 139Mobile SWF tab (File Info dialog box), 398mode, drawing, 66mosaic tiles effects, 280, 302Move tool, 52moving

anchor points, 172–173artboards, 38document elements with Hand tool, 55layers, 208–209objects, 93objects to layers, 214–215segments, 172–173slices, 446text, 227, 232–233between tools, 55

Nnaming

layers, 203selections, 92workspaces, 60

navigationartboards, 39within artboards, 36

Navigator panelcustomizing, 44view area, 43

514

Navigator panel (continued)view box color, 44view size, 42

New command (File menu), 30–31New From Template command (File menu),

32New View command (View menu), 40Next Object Above command (Select

menu), 90Next Object Below command (Select

menu), 909-slice scaling, 352-353nonglobal colors, 124–126non-recordable command in an Action, 363normal screen mode, 45note paper effects, 301

Oobjects

alignment, 96applying color to, 113, 128, 136-137clearing, 93deleting, 93distributing, 96duplicating, 94–95grouping, 88–89measuring distance between, 58moving, 93moving to layers, 214–215Perspective Grid

adjusting, 79copying, 80customizing, 81drawing, 78moving, 80objects, adding, 80resizing, 80text, adding, 80

pixel grid, aligned, 67reflecting, 97, 101rotating, 97–98, 100scaling, 97, 100selecting

with Lasso tool, 85with Magic Wand tool, 86–87similar objects, 90–91using Direction Selection tool, 84

using Select menu, 90–91using Selection tool, 83

Shape Builder tool, 76-77transforming, 97–99

Objects menu commandsBlend, 151–152Clipping Mask, 194Compound Path, 192Expand, 160-161Group, 88Text Wrap, 256Transform, 102Ungroup, 88

offsetting paths, 95, 187opacity, blends, 155opacity mask, transparency, 157Open command (File menu), 14, 260open paths, 65, 177Open Recent command (File menu), 15OpenType fonts, 254Open With command (File menu), 262opening

documentswith Adobe Bridge, 16–17existing documents, 14recently opened, 15

graphic images, 260panels, 8-9

optimizingimages to file size (Save for Web), 439

Origin tab (File Info dialog box), 399outer flow effects, 286–287Outline view, 40–41outlines, 257outlines, viewing layers as, 219output print options, 392–393overflow, text, 234–235Overprint Preview command (View menu),

41, 391

PPaintbrush tool, 181painting

art brushes, 324–325Brushes panel, 317calligraphic brushes, 322–323Live Paint Bucket tool, 308–311

Index 515

Live Paint Groupsadding paths to, 315converting traced objects to, 307creating, 306–307Gap options, 316reshaping or moving paths in,

314–315Live Paint Selection tool, 312–313

Paintbrush tool, 318–319pattern brushes, 326–327scatter brushes, 320–321

panel knife effects, 300Panel Options menu, 8-11panels

adding, 10closing, 8-9collapsing, 8-9, 11displaying hidden, 45docking/undocking, 10expanding, 8-9, 11hiding, 10, 45opening, 8-9Panel Options menu, 11resizing, 8-9sets, collapsing and expanding between

icons and panels, 11subtracting, 10

paragraphsalignment, 246indentation, 247spacing, 247

Paragraph panel, 246-247, 249Paragraph Styles panel, 250-251Paste command (Edit menu), 232–233Paste in Back command (Edit menu), 233Paste in Front command (Edit menu), 233Pathfinder commands, 191Pathfinder panel, 190-191paths

anchor points and, 65clean up unneeded elements, 375clipping mask, 194–197closed, 65compound, 192–193convert mesh object to, 174convert strokes to compound, 192dividing, 185erasing parts of, 182, 304

join, 179merging, 188–189offsetting, 95, 187open, 65, 177outline stroke, 181reshaping, 180–181segments and, 65Shape Mode command, 190shape of, changing, 65simplify, 184smoothing, 183splitting, 186–187splitting into grid, 187

pattern brushes, 326–327patterns

applying to objects, 149creating, 146-147editing, 148expanding, 149as fills, 149as strokes, 149

PDF format, 27 saving as, 399, 412–413SaveDocsAsPDF, script, 368–369

Pen toolanchor points, adding, 177drawing curves with, 171drawing polygons with, 170

Pencil toolpreferences, 305reshaping paths with, 181working with, 304–305

Perspective Gridadjusting, 79copying, 80customizing, 81drawing, 78moving, 80objects, adding, 80resizing, 80text, adding, 80

Photoshop Effect Gallery, 294–295Photoshop, exporting to, 408Photoshop format, 403pie graphs, 372-373pixel grid, align, 30, 67, 354Pixel Preview command (View menu), 41

516

pixels, 37Place command (File menu), 18, 261, 264,

266placing graphics, 261–263plastic wrap effects, 302Play button (Actions panel), 359playback, action, 361plug-in preferences, 463PNG format, 399, 403

exporting as, 406-407PNG-8 document, 436–437PNG-24 document, 438point type, 223point/pica size, 48points, anchor

adding new, 176–177alignment, 178–179average, 173Convert Anchor Point tool, 175converting, 174–175deleting, 177direction lines, 172endpoints, 179highlighting, 172moving, 172–173paths and, 65preferences, 172selecting with Direct Selection tool, 84showing and hiding, 65smooth points, converting to corner

points, 174Polar Grid tool, 75Polygon tool, 70polygons, drawing, 70, 170portrait/landscape orientation, 37preferences

Adobe Bridge, 482–483anchor points, 172Appearance of Black, 468cursor, 454dictionary, 462File Handling & Clipboard, 466-467General, 454grids, 54guide, 50hyphenation, 462keyboard shortcut, 469Live Paint Bucket tool, 309

Pencil tool, 305plug-in, 463ruler, 48Scratch Disk, 464Selection & Anchor Display, 456–457slices, 461smart guides, 53text, 458–459Transparency grid, 159type, 458–459Units Performance, 460updates, 22user interface, 465

presetsartboard, 36creating new documents using, 31exporting with, 409list of, 31printing with, 385, 394

Preview in browser (Save for Web), 451Preview view, 40–41Preview View command (View menu), 304previewing

artboards, 38color separations, 391effects, 282Save for Web, 451

Print command (File menu), 384, 386Print Presets command (Edit menu), 385printing

advanced print options, 394–395bleed options, 389color management settings, 396color separations, previewing, 391documents, 384general print options, 386–387graphics print options, 390marks options, 388–389number of copies, specifying, 387output options, setting, 392–393Overprint preview, 391overprints, 394presets, 394with presets, 385Print command, 384print problems, checking for, 397print tiling, 387reverse order, 386

Index 517

Separations preview, 391summary print options, 397

Product Improvement Program (Adobe), 25Proof Colors command (View menu),

132-133Proof Setup command (View menu), 41proofing colors, 132-133PSD format, 399Pucker tool, 332punctuation, 252

QQuit Illustrator command (Illustrator menu),

28quotes, 35

Rradar graphs, 372-373Radial Blur, 298-299radial gradient type, 163raster graphics

effects, 283, 292interpolation and, 64Resolution Independent Effects (RIE), 283tracing, 268–272understanding raster graphics, 64

Record button (Actions panel), 359recording actions, 360Rectangle Grid tool, 74Rectangle tool, 69Redo command (Edit menu), 59Reflect tool, 101reflecting objects, 97, 101registration, 4–5registration point, 355releasing

compound paths, 193objects from clipping masks, 195objects to layers, 215

renamingdata sets, 371selections, 92workspaces, 61

rendering intent color management printoption, 396

replacingcolors, 124–125

fonts, 237images, 18

Reselect command (Select menu), 90Reset All Warning Dialogs, 455Reshape tool, 180reshaping objects, with Envelopes, 104-105reshaping paths, 180–181resizing

artboards, 38slices, 446

Resolution Independent Effects (RIE), 283resolution preset transparency setting, 35Return to Adobe Illustrator command (File

menu), 16reverse order printing, 386Revert command (File menu), 26revolving 3D effects, 289RGB (Red, Green, Blue) color mode, 30, 111,

114Rotate tool, 100rotating

artboards, 38objects, 97–98, 100text, 243

round bend style, 95round joins, 139Rounded Rectangle tool, 69RTF format, 229rulers

artboard display options, 39, 49displaying, 48–49document, 48–49guides

alignment, 53changing, 49clearing, 51color, 50converting vector objects to, 51creating, 51locking, 50preferences, 50ruler, 49showing and hiding, 50smart guides, 52–53snap to point, 50style, 50switching, 51

hiding, 49

518

rulers (continued)origin, changing, 49preferences, 48

Ssafe area, artboard display options, 39Same command (Select menu), 91saturation, color, 115Save a Copy command (File menu), 27Save As command (File menu), 27, 33Save command (File menu), 26SaveDocsAsPDF, script, 368–369SaveDocsAsSVG, script, 368–369Save for Web command (File menu),

426–429as GIF format, 426-427, 434-435as JPEG format, 426-427, 432-433as PNG-8 format, 426-427, 436-437as PNG-24 format, 426-427, 438

Save Selection command (Select menu), 82Save Workspace command (Workspace

menu), 60saving

actionsas files, 359into sets, 359

brush library, 331documents, 26–27

as Adobe Flex File, 420-421as EPS format, 414–415as FXG format, 420-421as Microsoft Office, 422as PDF format, 412–413as SVG format, 416-418as template, 423for the Web, 426–427

selections, 82slices for Web, 449slices (from selection) for Web, 450symbols, 337

Scale Strokes & Effects option, 455Scale tool, 100scaling

9-slice scaling, 352-353objects, 97, 100type, 242

Scallop tool, 332

scatter brushes, 320–321scatter graphs, 372-373Scissor tool, 186Scratch Disk preferences, 464screen modes, 45scribble effects, 285scripts, actions, 368–369searching

fonts, 237for help information, 25

segmentscurve, 173moving, 172–173paths and, 65selecting with Direct Selection tool, 84

Select menu commands, 90–91Edit Selection, 82Same command, 91Save Selection, 82

Selection & Anchor Display preferences,456–457

Selection tool. See also selectionsaligning and distributing objects using,

96duplicating objects with, 94–95moving objects with, 93reflecting or shearing objects, 101rotating and scale objects with, 100selecting objects with, 83transforming objects with, 97understanding selections, 82

selections. See also Selection toolanchor points, 84controlling effects using, 297deleting, 82editing, 82examples of, 82inverting color of, 90layers, 204naming, 82renaming, 82reselecting, 90saving, 82selecting next object above/below

current, 90slices, 442–443type, 230–231understanding selections, 82

Index 519

sentence case, 383Separations Preview command (Window

menu), 41Shape Mode command (Pathfinder panel),

190Shape Builder tool, 76-77Shear tool, 101shortcuts

starting Illustrator, 4–5tool, 13

Show Bounding Box command (Viewmenu), 97

Show Edges command (View menu), 65Show Panels command (Window menu), 20Show Print Tiling command (View menu),

40Show Text Threads command (View menu),

234Show Transparency Grid command (View

menu), 159simplify paths, 184single quotes, 35size

artboard, 37font, 238views, 42

Slice tool, 440Slice Selection tool, 442Slice Select tool (Save for Web), 428-429,

443slices

alignment, 447arranging, 446–447auto, 440combining, 448deleting, 442distributing, 447dividing, 448duplicating, 442, 448hiding, 442–443HTML text, adding, 444images, optimizing to file size, 439linking, 443moving, 446preferences, 461resizing, 446saving for Web, 449, 450selecting, 442–443showing, 442–443

stacking, 447subslices, 441unlinking, 443URL links, adding, 445user, 440viewing slice options, 442–443working with, 443

Smart Blur, 298-299smart guides

object transformation, 99preferences, 53turning on/off, 52working with, 52–53

Smart Punctuation, 252smooth paths, 183smooth points, converting to corner points,

174Snap to Grid command, 54Snap to Point command, 50, 456soft proof colors, 132-133software, Illustrator system requirements, 3spacing paragraphs, 247spatter effects, 302spell checking, 378–379Spiral tool, 72–73spirals, drawing, 72–73splitting paths, 186–187stacked bar graphs, 372-373stacked column graphs, 372-373stacking slices, 447stained glass effects, 302stamp effects, 301Star tool, 70stars, drawing, 70Start menu, opening documents using, 15starting Illustrator

in Macintosh, 5shortcuts, 4–5in Windows, 4

status bar, 19Stop button (Actions panel), 359stops, adding to actions, 362stroke

alignment, 138applying color to, 113, 128, 136-137arrowheads, 140-141attributes, changing, 138–141caps or joins, changing, 139

520

stroke (continued)dashed, 140patterns as, 146–149weight of, changing, 138widths, variable, 142-143

stylesfont, 236graphic

applying, 273breaking links to, 277creating, 274deleting, 277duplicating, 275editing, 276

grids, 54guides, 50type, 250–251

Stylize command (Effect menu), 285sublayers, 202–203subscript text, 35subslices, 441subtracting panels, 10summary print options, 397superscript text, 35SVG format, 27

HTML5 Pack, 418saving as, 416-417SaveDocsAsSVG, script, 368–369

Swatches Librarycopying swatches between libraries, 120customized swatch panels, saving, 121displaying, 120gradient library, 160, 162

Swatches panelcreating color groups in, 117deleting colors from, 116display of, changing, 116editing or duplicating color in, 117groups, creating, 118-119sorting colors in, 116swatches, displaying by type, 116Swatches Library, 120–121

SWF format, Flash, 403, 410-411symbols

9-slice scaling, 352-353creating, 336deleting, 337

duplicating, 338editing, 339links, breaking, 340–341pixel grid, align, 354registration point, 355saving, 337sets, expanding instances of, 351Symbol Libraries, 335Symbol Screener tool, 349Symbol Scruncher tool, 345Symbol Shifter tool, 344Symbol Sizer tool, 346Symbol Spinner tool, 347Symbol Sprayer tool, 342Symbol Strainer tool, 348Symbol Styler tool, 350symbolism tool options, setting, 343Symbols panel, 334

Symbol Libraries, 335Symbol Screener tool, 349Symbol Scruncher tool, 345Symbol Shifter tool, 344Symbol Sizer tool, 346Symbol Spinner tool, 347Symbol Sprayer tool, 342Symbol Strainer tool, 348Symbol Styler tool, 350system requirements, 3

Ttab stops, 248tabbed documents, 20tabs, 248Tabs panel, 248Targa format, 403templates

creating documents from, 32–33document, 18, 32–33saving documents as, 423

template layer, creating, 218text

anti-aliasing, 236, 245case, 383clean up unneeded elements, 375copying, 232–233effects, 228fonts, 236–238

Index 521

glyphs, 253hyphenation, 249importing, 229justification, 255kerning, 240leading, 239moving, 227, 232–233outlines, 257overflow, 234–235paragraphs, 246–247preferences, 458–459rotating, 243scaling, 242selecting, 230–231spacing, 255styles, 250–251subscript, 35superscript, 35tabs, 248threads, 234–235tracking, 241typing new, 223–224wrapping, 256

Text Format, 403Text Wrap command (Objects menu), 256themes, color, 122–123threads, text, 234–2353D effects, 288–289thumbnail views, 43TIFF format, 399, 403, 405Tolerance selection option, 456tool tips, 455tools

accessing in Tools panel, 12accessing multiple, 12Control panel, 6-7moving between, 55shortcuts to, 13

Tools panelaccessing tools in, 12contents of, 6-7

tracing raster graphics, 268–270tracking type, 241transformations

applying multiple, 102–103blends, 154Distort & Transform command, 102

repeating, 102Transform Each command, 102

transforming objects, 97–99Transparency Flattener Presets command

(Edit menu), 395Transparency grid, 159transparency settings

blends, 156colored paper simulation, 35controlling transparency effects, 156document creation, 34–35flattening object transparency, 158grid colors, 35grid size, 34opacity mask, 157resolution preset, 35

trim marks, editable, 57turning on/off smart guides, 52TXT format, 229type

anti-aliasing, 236, 245Area Type tool, 225copying, 232–233deleting empty text paths, 232fonts, 236–238justification, 255kerning, 240leading, 239moving, 232–233OpenType fonts, 254outlines, 257overflow, 234–235paragraphs, 246–247preferences, 458–459rotating, 243scaling, 242selecting, 230–231spacing, 255styles, 250–251threads, 234–235tracking value, 241Type on a Path tool, 226Vertical Area Type tool, 225Vertical Type on a Path tool, 226Vertical Type tool, 223wrapping, 256

Type on a Path tool, 222, 226Type tool, 222-223

522

typographer's quotes, 35Twirl tool, 332

UUndo command (Edit menu), 59undocking

documents, 21panels, 10

Ungroup command (Objects menu), 88ungroup, color group, 119Units Performance preferences, 460Updater (Adobe), 23updates

checking for, 22–23preferences, 22

Updates command (Help menu), 23updating, from previous versions, 2uppercase text, 383URL links, adding to slices, 445user interface

changing, 6-7preferences, 6-7, 465

user slices, 440

Vvariables, data

creating, 370–371deleting, 370–371renaming, 371

variable stroke widths, 142-143vector objects

converting to guide, 51effects, 293understanding vector graphics, 64

Vertical Area Type tool, 222, 225Vertical Type on a Path tool, 222, 226Vertical Type tool, 222, 223Video Data tab (File Info dialog box), 398video safe areas, artboards, 37View menu commands

Bounding Box, 314–315Edit View, 40Fit All In Window, 46Fit Artboard In Window, 46Hide Edges, 65New View, 40Overprint Preview, 41

Pixel Preview, 41Preview View, 304Proof Colors, 132-133Proof Setup, 41Rulers, 48Show Bounding Box, 97Show Edges, 65Show Print Tiling, 40Show Text Threads, 234Show Transparency Grid, 159Smart Guides, 52Soft Proof, 132-133

view size, documents, 19views

box color, 44changing, with Zoom tool, 46–47display view, changing, 40–41document, 40–43fit in window, 46Outline, 40–41Preview, 40–41ruler options, 48size, 42thumbnail, 43

Vimeo (Media Encoder), 488-489

WWarp effect, 290Warp tool, 332Web

browser preview in (Save for Web), 451file formats, 430–431GIF files, optimizing, 426-427, 434–435images, optimizing to file size, 439JPEG files, optimizing, 426-427, 432–433PNG-8 files, optimizing, 426-427, 436–437PNG-24 files, optimizing, 426-427, 438saving documents for, 426–427saving slices for, 449

Web-safe color, 115Window menu

Extensions, 122–123Flattener Preview, 41panel display, 8–10

Window menu commandsFlattener Preview, 395Hide Panels, 20

Index 523

Separations preview, 41Show Panels, 20

WindowsIllustrator system requirements, 3installing Illustrator in, 2starting Illustrator in, 4

windowsactive, 20document, 20–21

Windows Metafile format, 403Workspace menu commands, 60workspaces

creating, 60deleting, 61displaying, 60layouts, 60naming, 60renaming, 61

wrapping text, 256Wrinkle tool, 332

XX and Y positioning, 37XMP metadata, 398-399XMP Software Development Kit, 399Xoom device, 31

YYouTube (Media Encoder), 488-489

Zzoom

in/out, 47using Navigator thumbnail, 43view size, 42

Zoom toolchanging view with, 46–47Save For Web tool, 394