ado-a chapter 07
TRANSCRIPT
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Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator Handbook
2nd Edition
Chapter 7 — Stabilizing the Apparatus
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Learning Objective 1
Discuss the basics of aerial device hydraulic systems.
7–2
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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DISCUSSION QUESTION
Why is the apparatus stabilization process so critical?
7–3
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• When parked, somewhere along longitudinal midline of chassis, between front and rear axles
• When aerial device extended over front of apparatus, shifts toward front
• Shifts as aerial device is rotated
Center of Gravity
(Continued)
7–4
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Center of Gravity
7–5
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Effect of Stabilizers
7–6
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Effect of Extensions
7–7
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Effect of Rotation
7–8
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Effect of Short-Jacking
7–9
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Effect of Slopes
7–10
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Effect of Overloading
7–11
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Prevent apparatus from tipping as aerial device is extended away from centerline of chassis
Stabilizers
7–12
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Straight Jacks
7–13
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Courtesy of Ron Jeffers
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A-Frame
7–14
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Photo by Ted Boothroyd
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Box Stabilizers
7–15
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Photo by Ted Boothroyd
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Explain transferring power to the hydraulic system.
Learning Objective 2
7–16
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Must be engaged to deploy stabilizers and aerial device
• Engaged by activating power take-off (PTO) system
• Automatic transmission without fire pump
Aerial Hydraulic System
(Continued)
7–17
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Manual transmission without fire pump
• Automatic transmission with fire pump in use
• Manual transmission with fire pump in use
Aerial Hydraulic System
7–18
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Transfer power to the hydraulic system of an apparatus equipped with a fire pump.
Objective 3 is measured in Skill Sheet 7-1.
Learning Objective 3
7–19
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Transfer power to the hydraulic system of an apparatus not equipped with a fire pump.
Objective 4 is measured in Skill Sheet 7-2.
Learning Objective 4
7–20
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Discuss setting and raising stabilizers.
Learning Objective 5
7–21
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• PTO engagement light is on• Wheels properly chocked• Stabilizers do not strike or land on
objects • Check stabilizers when they are in
place• Icy patches or frozen ground
Preliminary Checks
7–22
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Operated once preliminary activities are successfully completed
• Provides hydraulic power to stabilizing system
• Located on rear step or midship on driver’s side
• Operation
Operating the Selector Valve
7–23
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Ideal situation for stabilization• Maximum stability
Stabilizing on Even Terrain
7–24
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Many are lever-type valves • Engine idle speed is regulated• When driver/operator operates
control, increase in engine speed occurs
• Rough and jerky operation should be avoided
Stabilizer Controls
7–25
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Extend straight down • Fulcrum-types swing down into
position• Box types first extend outward and
then down
Positioning of Stabilizers
7–26
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Extend parallel extension arms to their maximum travel distance
• Center portable stabilizer pads• Lower stabilizing jacks• Lower both stabilizers on one side• Lower stabilizers onto pads
Operation of Box Type Stabilizers
7–27
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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DISCUSSION QUESTION
What is a good way to judge appropriate deployment of the stabilizers?
7–28
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Lower stabilizers on the other side• Alternate between sides to raise
the vehicle to working position, as close to level as possible
Operation of Box Type Stabilizers
7–29
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Operation of Box Type Stabilizers
7–30
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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DISCUSSION QUESTION
How much should the apparatus be raised?
7–31
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Similar to box-type• Exception – Should be lowered to
within a few inches of ground prior to the placement of stabilizer pads
Operation of Fulcrum-Type Stabilizers
7–32
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Unavoidable in some situations• Lateral unevenness• Longitudinal unevenness
Stabilizing on Uneven Terrain
7–33
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Lateral Unevenness
(Continued)
7–34
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Lateral Unevenness
(Continued)
7–35
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Lateral Unevenness
(Continued)
7–36
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Lateral Unevenness
7–37
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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DISCUSSION QUESTION
What does a 5 percent grade mean?
7–38
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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5 Percent Grade
7–39
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Longitudinal Unevenness
7–40
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Longitudinal Unevenness
7–41
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Longitudinal Unevenness
7–42
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Avoided whenever possible
• Treat same as setting up on lateral incline
Stabilizing on Curbs or Other Obstructions
7–43
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Courtesy of Ron Jeffers
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Discuss locking the stabilizers.
Learning Objective 6
7–44
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Combination of hydraulic system holding valves and interlock feature
• Indicator light • Box-type stabilizers
Locking the Stabilizers
7–45
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Discuss retracting the stabilizers.
Learning Objective 7
7–46
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• After use of aerial device is complete and it is returned to the bed
• Reverse of stabilization process• Prepares apparatus for departure
from the scene
Retracting the Stabilizers
7–47
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Remove safety pins from jacks.• Return selector valve to
stabilization position.• Move wheel chocks.• Check around apparatus.• Raise stabilizers.
Procedure for Retracting the Stabilizers
7–48
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Return selector valve to neutral position.
• Disengage PTO system.• Return stabilizer pads and stow
them in their appropriate storage location.
Procedure for Retracting the Stabilizers
7–49
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Explain manual stabilizers.
Learning Objective 8
7–50
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Still in use on older apparatus• Similar to box-type hydraulic
stabilizers• Consist of extension arm that has a
screw jack attached to the end of arm
• Extension arm must be swung into position by hand
Manual Stabilizers
(Continued)
7–51
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Placing stabilizers on midship aerials in service
• Placing stabilizers on tractor-trailer aerials in service
Manual Stabilizers
(Continued)
7–52
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Manual Stabilizers
(Continued)
7–53
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Manual Stabilizers
7–54
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Deploy, lock, unlock, and raise hydraulic stabilizers on even terrain.
Objective 9 is measured in Skill Sheet 7-3.
Learning Objective 9
7–55
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Deploy, lock, unlock, and raise hydraulic stabilizers on laterally uneven terrain.
Objective 10 is measured in Skill Sheet 7-4.
Learning Objective 10
7–56
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Deploy, lock, unlock, and raise hydraulic stabilizers on longitudinally uneven terrain.
Objective 11 is measured in Skill Sheet 7-5.
Learning Objective 11
7–57
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Deploy, lock, and then unlock and stow manual stabilizers.
Objective 12 is measured in Skill Sheet 7-6.
Learning Objective 12
7–58
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Discuss stabilizing the tractor-trailer aerial apparatus.
Learning Objective 13
7–59
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Stability is given by manner it is parked and positioned at scene
• Creating an angle between tractor and trailer can increase stability
• Maximum stability occurs at 60 degrees
• Angles less than 60 degrees provide less stability
Stabilizing Tractor-Trailer Aerial Apparatus
(Continued)
7–60
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Degrees 61 to 90 provide less stability
• Should never be positioned at an angle greater than 90 degrees
• Procedure for placing vehicle into angled position
Stabilizing Tractor-Trailer Aerial Apparatus
(Continued)
7–61
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Stabilizing Tractor-Trailer Aerial Apparatus
7–62
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Stabilize tractor-trailer aerial apparatus.
Objective 14 is measured in Skill Sheet 7-7.
Learning Objective 14
7–63
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Summary
• Because the suspension alone cannot support the outboard weight of an extended aerial device, effective stabilization methods must be used.
(Continued)
7–64
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• While the apparatus has built-in stabilization hardware, the driver/operator must understand the dynamics of weight transfer and use this understanding to optimize the positioning of the apparatus before stabilization is complete.
Summary
(Continued)
7–65
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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• Aerial apparatus are manufactured by several different companies; therefore, it is important for the driver/operator to review the specifics of the stabilization system and its limitations by continual review of the operator’s manual.
Summary
7–66
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Review Questions
1.What may be the most critical aspect of preparing an aerial device for use?2.Why must apparatus stabilizers be set prior to deploying an aerial device?3. Why would a driver/operator use the practice of short-jacking?
(Continued)
7–67
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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Review Questions
4.What is the purpose of the power take-off (PTO) system?5.What observations must be made by the driver/operator prior to deploying stabilizers?6. Why is stabilization ideally performed on even terrain?
(Continued)
7–68
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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7.In what three ways may stabilizers move into position?8.In what ways can an apparatus be uneven?9. How is a manual stabilizer put into service on a midship aerial?
Review Questions
(Continued)
7–69
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
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10.What is the best way to place a tractor-trailer apparatus into an angled position?
Review Questions
7–70
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator