Aditi Sharma and Sunnie LeeWHAP

Period: 4

Key Cities

CHAPTER 5 - Iran

Persepolis Cyrus began Achaemenids’ rule, defeated Medes Built by Darius I extended Persian control and

organized the government Near Elam and Mesopotamia Geographical center of the empire Had important skilled workers

• New cit ies after Dark Age• New Intel lectual Currents

• Humanism• New technologies• Pre-Socrates, new philosophies

CHAPTER 5 - Archaic Greece (800-480 BCE)

CHAPTER 5 – Archaic Greece (PT. 2)

AthensPolitical, Cultural and Economic

RenaissanceLarge population & Fertile land Important government reformers

Solon Pisistratus Pericles

CHAPTER 5 – Archaic Greece (PT. 3)

Sparta Southern part of Greek mainland Military state (because of fear of helot-uprising) Invaded areas (i.e. Messenia) Used hoplite tactics Economic, political and cultural reinassance was

suppressed, military aspects overruled Weren’t normal, didn’t trade Almost communist-like

CHAPTER 5 – Classical Greece (480 BCE-323 BCE)

Persian Wars Struggles between Persia and Greece (Delian League)

Dominant rule of AthensSocrates and Plato (new philosophies, Plato’s

Academy, new take on education)Athenian navy Athenian power/ruleInequality in society

• Alexander the Great (son of Phi l l ip II) gained power after/because of Peloponnesian War• Alexander favored Persian elements but bui lt Greek-style cit ies

Hellenistic Age

CHAPTER 5 – Hellenistic Age

Three Kingdoms:Ptolemies (Egypt)

Did not enforce Greek culture/ways Alexandria: Located between Egypt and Mesopotamia

Seleucids (Eastern areas) Persian-style government

Antigonid (Macedonia and Greece) Homogeneous Population

• Ruled lands in the Mediterranean Sea• Used their natural resources• First ruled by 7 Kings and transformed into a republic

The Romans

Chapter 6: Roman Republic

Roman Republic Leaders Two Consuls Senate The Tribune : Patron/ Client Relationship

Shared privileges of citizenshipConquest Wars and Expansion

Failure of the Roman Republic

Failure of the Republic Decline in military and senate power Gauis Marius : led to private armies under generals. Civil wars = resulted from loyalty to generals Augustus ends the republic and creates the Roman

Principate

• Urban Empire• Granted Cit izenship

Roman Empire

Roman Empire

Carthage & Other Cities Large populations = Strains on resources Elegant Townhouses & Villas Town Councils maintained law & order Lavish Amenities & Attractions Pax Romana : Safety & Stable life guranteed Aqueducts

Rise of the Byzantine Empire

Constantinople Built by Constantine More educated & Christian population Capital of the Byzantine empire

• Founder: Shi Huangdi• Total itarian Structure • Unifi ed the Chinese Civi l ization = Standardization• Confucianism & Legalism

Qin Dynasty

• Founder: Liu Bang• Combined Legalism with Confucianism• Mil i tary Expansion• Formation of the Gentry

Han Dynasty

The Han Empire

Chang’an Located in the Wei Valley Protected by a ring of hills High walls protected important areas Important city on the Silk Road

• First Central ized Empire of India• Founder: Chandragupta Maurya• Based on Buddhism

The Mauryan Empire

• Located near Trade Routes•Founder: Chandragupta•Based on Hinduism

The Gupta Empire

The Gupta Empire

Pataliputra “Theater State” Located on Trade Routes Capital of the Empire Fertile Land

Southeast Asia

**better map on pg. 191 in your textbooks!

Important Cities in South East Asia

FunanSrivijaya

Capital of Srivijayan Kingdom Dominated Indian Ocean Trade Route Navigable Rivers Sumatran Sea Port

• Trade route for Mediterranean & China• From Antioch – Chang’an

Silk Road

• Trade across Indian Ocean & South China Sea• Used monsoon winds to navigate

Indian Ocean Maritime System

•Trade in caravan cit ies across the Sahara

Trans-Saharan Caravan Routes

Cities on the Trans Saharan Caravan Rotes

New technologies (camel breeding, stirrups, etc.)

Saba Caravan city near the coast Trading center with diverse populations

Petra Caravan City Traded native products

•Rival of the Byzantine•Followers of Zoroastrianism•Ruled in Iran

Sassanid Empire

**This is the end of Chapter 8. Chapter 9 is Islam, which Maddie, Shahriyar and Sydney did a good job of explaining. Mrs. Hallgren will be going over Chapters 10 and 11 for the quiz in class! This powerpoint covers Chapters 5-12 and will be up on Edmodo and Facebook to use as another study tool for the test on Tuesday. Good luck guys! :D

Key Cit ies : Mecca & Medina

Islamic Kingdoms

**You guys should know this from Maddie, Sydney and Shahriyar’s presentation!

• Rule of the Pope• Infl uenced by Christ ianity•Strongly disl iked Paganism•Monastism•Crusades on pg. 270

Western Church

**Better map on pg. 258 in your textbooks!

• Founder: Constantine•Capital : Constantinople•Paganism died easi ly

Byzantine Empire

• Founder : Vladimir I•Orthodox Christ ianity•Dependent on Byzantine

Kievan Russia

• Built Grand Canal•Unifi ed China•Strong infl uence of Buddhism•(another) Chang’an

Sui Empire

• Founder : Li Shimin• Decedents of the Turks• Tributary City

Tang Empire

Tang Empire Cities

(yet another) Chang’an Cultural & Economic Capital Near the Grand Canal & Wei River Valley Sea Port Destination of Tributes

Canton (Guangzhou) Coastal city Connected to the Capital

Empires during Tang Rein

Uigur and Tibetan Empire Uigurs = Turkish group with ties to Islam and China Tibet: Islamic, Indian, Chinese & Greek Culture

Friendly with the Tang, liked Buddhism at first Ended with Monastic Rule

Post Tang Empires

Song Empire Largest successor of the Tang empire Capital: Kaifeng

Liao Challenged the Song empire Northern China

Jin Empire Ruled by the Jurchens Southern Song Empire

Key cities in the Song Empire

Hangzhou Advanced technology allowed flow of the river

through the city avoided the Burbonic plague Multistory wooden apartments & narrow streets Large population Expertise in water supply & waste management Amenities : Restaurants, Parks and Tea Houses

Korean, Japanese & Vietnamese Empires

Koryo Allied with the Song & disliked Jin and Liao. Used movable type print

Japan Yamato Empire

Capital: Nara & Kyoto Influenced greatly by Chinese empires

Kamakura Shogunte Military Regimine rule of Japan

Vietnam Ammam Empire

Modeled after Chinese empires Rivals with Champa Government resembled early Tang

Mesoamerican Classical Period

Teotihuacan Civilization Most important civilization of Mesoamerica Rapid Population growth Religious Detailed Architecture Relatively Peaceful, Military = important

Mayan Civilization Shared similar culture Powerful cities controlled rural cities Lasted through Classical period

Mesoamerican Post Classical

The Toltecs Similar to the Teotihuatican Based on military power Two kings or chieftains ruled One ruler was exiled and led to decline

The Aztecs Twin Capitals : Tenochititlan and Tlateloclo Military success = empire Tribute system & Long distance Trade

Northern People

Anasazi Chaco Canyon = community

Mound Building Cultures Adena Hopewell Mississippian

Andean Civilizations

Moche Military Control

Chimu Powerful Coastal Civilization

Tiwanku Highly stratified society

Wari military power ended Moche

Incas initially a chiefdom that expanded with conquest Expanded trade system