Materials of Art and Archaeology

Bibliography

Part VIII. Library and Archive Materials

Norbert S. Baer

Conservation CenterInstitute of Fine ArtsNew York University

September 1999

Introduction

Part I. Inorganic Materials (2003).

Part II. Metals (1999).

Part III. Organic Materials (2003).

Part IV. Instrumental Methods (2003).

Part V. Environment (1999).

Part VI. Museology (2003).

Part VII. Dating and Provenance (2003).

Part VIII Library and Archive Materials (2003).

Part IX Stone (1999).

Part X. Dyes and Pigments (2003).

Cumulative Index

May be obtained from:

Conservation CenterInstitute of Fine ArtsNew York University

14 East 78th StreetNew York, New York 10021

September 1999

PART VIII: LIBRARY AND ARCHIVE MATERIALS

CONTENTS

Adhesives: Paper.................................................................1

Book Production.................................................................1

Cellulose Acetate................................................................1

Cellulose Chemistry............................................................1

Digitizing.............................................................................2

Film......................................................................................2

Inks and Printing.................................................................3

Library Binding...................................................................4

Lignins.................................................................................5

Magnetic Tape.....................................................................5

Microfilming........................................................................5

Optical Media......................................................................5

Paper: Bleaching.................................................................5

Paper: Deacidification........................................................6

Paper: Deacidification: Calcium Hydroxide / Calcium Bicarbonate..............................................................8

Paper: Deacidification:Cyclohexylamine Carbonate.......8

Paper: Deacidification: DEZ..............................................9

Paper: Deacidification: Magnesium Bicarbonate.............9

Paper: Deacidification: Methyl Magnesium Methoxide/Carbonate.............................................9

Paper: Deacidification: Morpholine..................................10

Paper: Deterioration Mechanisms......................................10

Paper: Environmental Guidelines......................................10

Paper: Fumigation...............................................................10

Paper: General Conservation.............................................10

Paper: General Conservation: Bibliographies..................11

Paper: Permanence..............................................................11Paper: Preservation Policy..................................................12

Paper: Recycling.................................................................12

Paper: Sizing........................................................................13

Paper: Strengthening...........................................................13

Paper: Strengthening: Parylene..........................................13

Paper: Web Sites.................................................................14

Papermaking........................................................................14

Paper Testing: Accelerated Aging.....................................17

Paper Testing: Acidity and pH Measurement..................18

Paper Testing: Additives....................................................18

Paper Testing: Fiber Analysis............................................18

Paper Testing: General References....................................19

Paper Testing: Image Analysis..........................................19

Paper Testing: Mechanical Properties...............................19

Paper Testing: Moisture......................................................19

Paper Testing: Optical Properties......................................20

Paper Testing: Physical Properties.....................................20

Paper Testing: TAPPI Standards........................................20

Paper Testing: Thermal Analysis.......................................21

Paper: Yellowing.................................................................21

Parchment and Vellum.......................................................21

Philatelic Conservation.......................................................22

Photography: Chemistry and Conservation......................22

Photography: History..........................................................23

Sound...................................................................................25

Watermarks..........................................................................25

Adhesives: Paper

4

K.I. Andreeva and L.V. Kudoyarova, "Study of Properties of Some Polymers Which are Promising for Strengthening the Color Layer of Miniatures on Parchment and Paper," Problemy Sokrannosti Dokument Matenalov 82-87 (1977).

N.S. Baer, N. Indictor and A. Joel, "An Evaluation of Glues for Use in Paper Conservation," In Conservation and Restoration of Pictorial Art, N. Brommelle and P. Smith, Editors, Butterworths, London (1976). pp. 182-190.

N.S. Baer, N. Indictor and W.H. Phelan, "An Evaluation of Adhesives for Use in Paper Conservation," Journal of the Guild of Book Workers 10 No.1 17-35 (1971).

N.S. Baer, N. Indictor and W.H. Phelan, "Shelf Life of Commercial Poly(vinyl acetate) Emulsions Used in Paper Conservation," Journal of the Guild of Book Workers 10 No.1 36-38 (1971).

N.S. Baer, N. Indictor and W.H. Phelan, "An Evaluation of Poly(vinyl acetate) Emulsions for Use in Paper Conservation," Restaurator 2 No.2 121-137 (1975).

N.S. Baer, N. Indictor, T. Schwartzman and I.L. Rosenberg, "Chemical and Physical Properties of Poly(vinyl acetate) copolymer Emulsions," ICOM Committee for Conservation 4th Triennial Meeting Venice 1975, Preprints 75/22/5 1-20 ICOM Paris (1975).

H. Bansa, "Resin Emulsions Used in Paper Restoration," Maltechnik Restauro 83 No.3 79-182 (1977). In German.

W.J. Barrow, Permanence/Durability of the Book, IV: Poly(vinyl acetate) (PVA) Adhesives for Use in Library Bookbinding, W.J. Barrow Research Laboratory, Richmond, Virginia (1965).

M.G. Blank, "Prediction of the Service Life of Paper Containing Polymeric Adhesives," ICOM Committee for Conservation, 5th, Zagreb, 78/14/6/1-8 (1978).

J. Halmy, "The Use of a Low Pressure Cold Lining Table in the Conservation Treatment of a Large Severely Damaged Lithograph," Journal of IIC, Canadian Group 2 No.l 22-26 (1976).

H.K. Huynh, P.E. Lancaster, P. Lepoutre and A.A. Robertson, "The Setting of Aqueous Adhesives on Paper: A New Technique to Monitor Dehydration," TAPPI Journal 61 No.12 63-65 (1978).

R.E. Lee and O.I. Kuvshinnikova, “Antioxidants for Viscosity and Color Stabilization of Hot-melt Adhesives,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 9 183-188 (1996).

B.Z. Newby, M.K. Chaudhury, H.R Brown, “Macroscopic Evidence of the Effect of Interfacial Slippage on Adhesion,” Science 269 1407-1409 (1995).

T. Nielson, "Newspaper Deacidification and Repair or Lamination," Archives and Manuscripts 6 No.6 250-251 (1976).

W.H. Phelan, N.S. Baer and N. Indictor, "An Evaluation of Adhesives for Use in Paper Conservation," International Institute for Conservation - American Group Bulletin 11 No.2 58-75 (1971).

J.C. Thompson, "An Application of Beva 371 to Book Restoration," Contributions to the Third Pacific Region Conservators Meeting, October (1978). pp. 1-2.

R. Whistler, "Hydrogels, Synthetic and Natural," Journal of the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry 60 No.12 64-67 (1977).

Zappala and P. La Mendola, "A Method of Preparing and Using an Acrylic Resin Coated Paper," ICOM - Committee for Conservation. 5th, Zagreb, 78/14/18/1-13 (1978).

See Also: Adhesives: General (Part III).

Book Production

L. Brownrigg, Making the Medieval Book: Techniques of Production, Anderson-Lovelace, Los Altos Hills, CA (1995). xiv + 246pp.

H. Lehmann-Haupt, Editor, The Göttingen Model Book: A Facsimile Edition and Translation of a Fifteenth Century Illuminator's Manual, Second Revised Edition, University of Missouri Press, Columbia (1972). 102pp.

Cellulose Acetate

D. Aubier, J.M. Blengino, A.C. Brandt and N. Silvie, "Degradation Caused By Cellulose Diacetate: Analysis and Proposals for Conservation Treatment," Restaurator 17 No. 2 130-143 (1996.)

M. Edge, N.S. Allen, T.S. Jewitt, J.H. Appleyard, and C.V. Horie, "Cellulose Acetate: An Archival Polymer Falls Apart," In Modern Organic Materials, Preprints of the Meeting of the Scottish Society For Conservation and Restoration, Edinburgh (1988). pp. 67-79.

M. Edge, N.S. Allen, and T.S. Jewitt, "The Long Term Stability of Cellulose Ester Coating," Polymer Degradation and Stability 26 221-229 (1989).

N.S. Hon, "Studies on the Thermal Degradation of Cellulose Acetate," Journal of Polymer Science 3 725-744 (1977).

A.R. Murphy, "Deterioration of Cellulose Acetate by Transition Metal Salts in Aqueous Chlorine," Desalination 85 45-52 (1991).

V. Stannett, Cellulose Acetate Plastics, Temple Press, London (1950).

L.C. Wadsworth and D. Daponte, “Cellulose Esters,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 344-362.

Cellulose Chemistry

N. Bikales and L. Segal, Editors, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives, Volume V, Parts 4-5, Wiley Interscience (1971). xix + 1411pp.

H.D. Burgess, "Gel Permeation Chromatography. Use in Estimating the Effect of Water Washing on the Long Term Stability of Cellulosic Fibers," In Historic Textile and Paper Materials: Conservation and Characterization; Advances in Chemistry Series 212, H.L. Needles and S.H. Zeronian, Editors (1986). pp. 363-376.

V. Daniels, "A Study of the Crystallinity of Paper Before and After Conservation," The Paper Conservator 10 70-72 (1986).

A.D. French, “Physical and Theoretical Methods for Determining the Supramolecular Structure of Cellulose,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 84-111.

O.P. Golova and N.I. Nosova, "Degradation of Cellulose by Alkaline Degradation," Russian Chemical Reviews 42 No.4 327 (1973).

5

R.D. Guthrie and J. Honeyman, An Introduction to the Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Third Ed., Clarendon Press, Oxford (1968). vii + 144pp.

C.H. Haigler, “The Functions and Biogenesis of Native Cellulose,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 30-83.

B. Honeyman, Recent Advances in the Chemistry of Cellulose and Starch, Interscience Publishers, New York (1959). 358pp.

C.S. Hudson, "Emil Fischer's Discovery of the Configuration of Cellulose," Journal of Chemical Education 18 353 (1941).

T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). 552pp.

T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, “Cellulose Chemistry Fundamentals,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 15-29.

E. Ott, H.M. Spurlin and M.W. Grafflin, Cellulose and Cellulose Chemistry, Volume V. Parts 1-3, Second Ed., Wiley Interscience (1971). viii+ 1601.

T. Padfield, The Deterioration of Cellulose: A Literature Review, Victoria and Albert Museum, London (1965). 49pp.

J.C. Roberts, The Chemistry of Paper, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge (1996). xiii + 190pp.

L. Roth and J. Weiner, Chemical Modification of Cellulose, Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, WI (1966-1967). 3 volumes.

S.P. Rowland and N.R. Bertoniere, “Chemical Methods of Studying Supramolecular Structure,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 112-137.

S.L. Vail, “Cross-linking of Cellulose,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 384-422.

S.H. Zeronian, “Intercrystalline Swelling of Cellulose,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 138-158.

S.H. Zeronian, “Intracrystalline Swelling of Cellulose,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 159-180.

See Also: Cellulose Acetate; Cellulose Ethers; General Organic Chemistry References (Part III); and Paper: Deterioration Mechanisms.

Digitizing

A.R. Kenney and S. Chapman, Digital Imaging for Libraries and Archives, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (1996). vi + 207pp.

M. Lesk, Preservation of New Technology: A Report of the Technology Assesment Advisory Committee to the Commission on

Preservation and Access, Commission of Preservation and Access, Washington, DC (1996). 19pp.

D.J. Waters, From Microfilm to Digital Imagery: On the Feasibility of a Project to Study the Means, Costs and Benefits of Converting Large Quantities of Preserved Library Materials from Microfilm to Digital Images, Commission on Preservation and Access, Washington, DC (1996). 41pp.

D.J. Waters and J. Garrett, Preserving Digital Information: Final Report and Recommendation of the Task Force on Archiving Digital Information, Commission on Preservation and Access, Washington, DC (1996). v + 59pp.

H. Weber and M. Dörr, Digitzation as a Method of Preservation?, European Commission on Preservation and Access, Amsterdam (1997). 24pp.

D. Willis, A Hybrid Systems Approach to Preservation of Printed Materials, Commission on Preservation and Access, Washington, DC (1992). iii + 45pp + 19 plates.

Film

P.Z. Adelstein, C.L. Graham and F.E. West, “Preservation of Motion Picture Color Films Having Permanent Value,” Journal of the SMPTE 79 1011-1018 November (1970).

Comptroller General, Valuable Government-Owned Motion Picture Films are Rapidly Deteriorating, Report to the Congress of the United States LCD-78-113, 19 June (1978). 42pp.

J.W. Cummings, A.C. Hutton and H. Sifin, “Spontaneous Ignition of Decomposing Cellulose Nitrate Film,” Journal of SMPTE 54 268-274 March (1950).

M.C. Fischer and A. Robb, “Guidelines for Care and Indentification of Film-based Photographic Materials,”In Topics in Photographic Preservation, Volume 5, The American Institute for Conservation of Historic & Artistic Works, Washington, DC (1993). pp. 117-123.

G.L. Hutchinson, L. Ellis and S.A. Ashmore, "The Surveillance of Cinematograph Record Film During Storage," Journal of Applied Chemistry 8 24-34 (1958).

P. Messier, Preserving Your Collection of Film-Based Photographic Negatives. <http://Palimpsest.stanford.edu:80/byauth/messier/ negrmcc.html>

J.M. Reilly, IPI Storage Guide for Acetate Film, Image Permanence Institute, Rochester, NY (1993). 23pp.

R.N. Sargent, Preserving the Moving Image, G. Fleck, Editor, Corporation for Public Broadcasting (1974). 152pp.

C. Unger, “Storage of Microforms: What are They Doing in the Dark?,” Abbey Newletter 16 No. 4 56-57 August (1992).

See Also: Photography: Chemistry and Conservation.

Inks and Printing

C.A. Ammonds, Printing: Basic Science, Pergamon Press (1966).

6

Anon., "A Receipt for Making Writing Ink," The Gentleman's Magazine May (1753).

Anon., "Ink Under the Microscope," Printing Abstracts 29 No.2 (1974).

G.A. Antreasian and C.Adams, The Tamarind Book of Lithography: Art & Techniques, Tamarind Lithography Workshop, Los Angeles (1971). 463pp.

E.A. Apps, Printing Ink Technology, Chemical Publishing Co., New York (1958). xxii + 552pp + 8 plates.

E. Bancroft, Experimental Researches Concerning the Philosophy of Permanent Colors, Thomas Dobson, Philadelphia (1814). 2 volumes.

W.J. Barrow, "Block Writing Ink of Colonial Period," The American Archivist 2 291-307 (1948).

I.M. Bernstein, "Drying Oils in Printing Inks," Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 27 No.11 534-538 (1950).

W.T. Berry and H.E. Poole, Annals of Printing, Blanford Press, London (1966). xix + 315pp.

C.H. Bloy, A History of Printing Ink, Balls and Rollers 1440 - 1850 , The Wynkyn de Worde Society, London (1972). xii + 147pp + 12 plates, tables.

G.L. Cabot, "Lamp Black and Carbon Black," 8th International Congress of Applied Chemistry, 13-31 (1912).

D.N. Carvalho, Forty Centuries of Ink, Banks Law Publishing Co., New York (1904). viii + 374pp.

C. Cennini, Il Libro dell'Arte, tr. by D.V. Thompson, Jr., Yale University Press, New Haven (1933). xxvii + 142pp + 2 plates.

Chen-ki-souen, L'Encre de Chine, son Histoire et sa Fabrication, tr.anslated by M. Jametal, Librairie de la Société Asiatique de Paris (1882).

C. Clair, A Chronology of Printing, F.A. Praeger, New York (1969). 228pp.

V.A. Clark, "The Solnhofen Quarries," Tamarind Technical Papers No.4 37-40 (1975).

P. Dacus Hamm, “The History of the Manufacture of Printing Ink from 1500-1900 with Notes for the Conservator," In Insitute of Paper Conservation: Conference Papers Manchester 1992, S. Fairbrass, Editor. pp. 30-35.

E.M. Dealy, "Mierigraph Photorelief Plate System," Hercules Chemist 65, December (1973).

D.W. Donigian, P.C. Wernett, M.G. McFadden and J.J. McKay, “Ink-jet Dye Fixation and Coating Pigments,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 8 175-182 (1999).

J. Drogin, "Some Aspects of Ink Grade Carbon Blacks," American Ink Maker 30 No.4 30-36, 65, 67 (1952).

C.L. Eastlake, Methods and Materials of Painting of Great Schools and Masters, Dover, New York (1970). [Reprint of the 1847 edition, published under the title Materials for a History of Oil Painting.]

R.J. Forbes, "Paints, Pigments, Inks and Varnishes," In Studies in Ancient Technology, Volume 3, E.J. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands (1955). pp. 202-255.

W.B. Gamble, Chemistry and Manufacture of Writing and Printing Inks: A List of References in the New York Public Library, New York Public Library, New York (1926). 105pp.

E.J. Gorondy, "Analysis of the Dye Transfer Mechanism in Heat Transfer Printing," Textile Research Journal 47 No.9 604-615 (1977).

B. Harris, Johann Gutenberg and the Invention of Printing, Watts, New York (1972). xv + 144pp.

W.M. Hess and M.D. Garrett, "The Dispersion of Carbon Blacks in Paint and Ink Systems," Journal of the Oil and Colour Chemists' Association 54 No.1 24-83 (1971).

V. Horie and J. Barry, “Solvent Resistance of Marking Inks,” Conservation News (UKIC) 41 11-12, March (1990).

L.M. Johnson and H. Stinnett, Water-based Inks: A Screenprinting Manual for Studio and Classroom, Philadelphia College of the Arts, Printmaking Workshop, Philadelphia, PA (1990). 40pp.

G.A. Jones, "Decipherment of Charred Documents," Nature 147 676-677 (1941).

J.D. Kelley and A.A. Canth, "Proposed Standard Methods for Ink Identification," Journal of the Association of Analytical Chemists 58 No.1 122-125 (1975).

L.M. Larsen, Industrial Printing Inks, Rainhold, New York (1962). 323pp.

M. Levey, "The Manufacture of Inks, Liqs, Erasure Fluids and Glues - A Preliminary Survey in Arabic Chemical Technology," Chymia 7 57-72 (1961).

M. Levey, "Some Black Inks in Early Medieval Jewish Literature," Chymia 9 27-31 (1964); AATA 5 4539.

W.C. McCrone and G.D. Woodard, "The Vinland Map: Genuine or Forged," Physics in Technology, January (1975).

C.A. Mitchell, Ink, Sir Issac Pitman & Sons, Ltd., London (1923). ix + 128pp.

C.A. Mitchell, Inks: Their Composition and Manufacture, C. Griffin & Co., London (1937). xi + 408pp + 7 plates.

M. Merrifield, Original Treatises on the Arts of Painting, Dover, New York (1967). cccxii + 918pp in 2 volumes. Reprint of the 1849 Edition.

J. Moran, Printing Presses, University of California Press, Berkeley (1973). 263pp.

H.D. Murray, "Examination of Burnt Documents," Nature 148 199 (1941).

W.Y. Ottley, An Inquiry Concerning the Invention of Printing, J. Lilly, London (1863). xlii + 377pp + 37 plates.

M. de Pas and F. Flieder, "Historique et Étude de la Composition des Encres Noires Manuscrits," Conservation of Paintings and the Graphic Arts, IIC Lisbon Conference, International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works, London (1972). In French. pp. 943-951.

H.J. Plenderleith, "Ink," In The Conservation of Antiquities and Works of Art, Oxford University Press, London (1956). pp. 63-67.

PPC Publications, Terminology for the World of Lithography, PPC Publications, Whitman, Massachusetts (1991). 45pp.

7

R.F. Reed, What the Lithographer Should Know About Ink, Second Edition, Graphic Arts Technical Foundation, Philadelphia (1960). 219pp.

B. Rosen, Type and Typography, Reinhold Publishing, New York (1963). 406pp.

J. Ross and C. Romano, The Complete Printmaker, The Free Press, New York (1972). xiv + 306pp.

C.J. Singer, et al., Editors, A History of Technology II: The Mediterranean Civilizations and the Middle Ages, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1954). lix + 802pp + 44 plates.

Strassburg, Stadtbibliothek MSS. (A.VI.19), The Strasburg Manuscript: A Medieval Painter's Handbook, (Das Strassburger Manuskript), trans. from the Old German by V. and R. Borradaile, Editors' text trans. into German by J.M. Franck, foreward by J. Harthan, Tiranti, London (1966). iv + 116; German and English texts.

G.A. Stevenson, Graphic Arts Encyclopedia, McGraw-Hill, New York (1968). xv + 492pp.

V. Strauss, The Printing Industry, Printing Industries of America, Washington, D.C. (1967). xiv + 814pp.

W.D. Taylor and H.J. Walls, "A New Method for the Decipherment of Charred Documents," Nature 147 417 (1941).

P. Theophilus, De Diversis Artibus, translated by C.R. Dodwell, Thomas Nelson & Sons, London (1961). 1 volume.

D.V. Thompson and G.H. Hamilton, Translators, De Arte Illuminandi: The Technique of Manuscript Illumination, an Anonymous Fourteenth Century Treatise, Yale University Press, New Haven (1933). xiv + 67pp + 1 plate.

D.V. Thompson, Jr., "Trial Index to Some Unpublished Sources for the History of Mediaeval Craftsmanship," Speculum 10 410-431 (1935).

C.E. Waters, "Blue Dye as Evidence of the Age of Writing," Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 25 1034 (1933).

C.E. Waters, "Inks," Circular 413, National Bureau of Standards, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. (1936).

C.E. Waters, "Inks," Circular C426, National Bureau of Standards, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. (1940).

J. Weiner and L. Roth, Paper and Its Relation to Printing, Second Ed., Bibliographic Series No.164, Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin (1962). 547pp.

J. Winter, "Preliminary Investigation on Chinese Ink in Far Eastern Paintings," Archaeological Chemistry; Advances in Chemistry Series 138 (1974). pp. 207-225.

J. Winter, "Some Notes on the Microstructure of Far Eastern Paintings," ICOM Committee for Conservation, 4th Triennial Meeting, Venice 1975 Preprints 75/21/2-1 to 75/21/2-6.

L.C. Young, Materials in Printing Processes, Focal Press, London (1973). xiii + 293pp + 8 plates.

E.W. Zimmerman, C.G. Weber and A.E. Kimberly, "Relation of to the Preservation of Written Records," Journal of Research, National Bureau of Standards 14 463-468 RP779 (1935).

See Also: PIXE Analysis (Part IV)

Library Binding

F. Alpers, "Library Binding," G.M. Cunha and N.P Tucker, Editors, Library and Archives Conservation, The Library of the Boston Atheneum, Boston (1972). pp.163-179.

Anon., "Why is Adhesive Binding Replacing Sewing in Today's Books?" The Abbey Newsletter 2 No.1 8 (1978).

E.A. Clough, Bookbinding for Librarians, Association of Assistant Librarians, London (1957). 204pp.

D. Cockerell, Some Notes on Bookbinding, Oxford University Press, London (1929). 105pp.

B. Dillon, "Binding Procedures and Programs in Libraries," Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science 2, A. Kent, et. al., Editors (1968). pp.513-536.

C. Horton, Cleaning and Preserving Bindings and Related Materials, Second Revised Edition, Library Technology Project, ALA, Chicago (1969). 87pp. (LTP Publications No. 16).

S.K. Lakhanpal, Library Binding Manual, revised edition, University of Saskatchewan, Murry Memorial Library, Serials Department, Saskatoon (1972). 47pp.

J. Lehmann-Haupt, "On the Rebinding of Old Books," Bookbinding in America; Three Essays, H. Lehmann-Haupt, Editor, Bowker, New York (1967). pp.189-283.

M.T. Roberts, "The Library Binder," Library Trends 24 749-762 April (1976).

M.T. Roberts, "Oversewing and the Problem of Book Preservation in the Research Library," College and Research Libraries 28 17-24 January (1967).

M.T. Roberts, "The Role of the Librarian in the Binding Process," Special Libraries 62 416-418 October (1971).

M. Tauber, ed., Library Binding Manual; A Handbook of Useful Procedures for the Maintenance of Library Volumes, Library Binding Institute, Boston (1972). 185pp.

See Also: Leather; and Polymer Testing (Part III).

Lignins

S.M. Shevchenko, G.W. Bailey, Y.S. Yu and L.G. Akim, “Nanoscale Morphology of Lignins and of Their Chemical Transformation Products,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 3 227-237 (1996).

Magnetic Tape

D. Boyle, Video Preservation: Securing the Future of the Past, Media Alliance, New York (1993). 66pp.

J. Burgess, “These Tapes Are So Good, They’re Scary -- for Some,” International Herald Tribune 30 March (1987).

D. Eilers, Audio Magnetic Tape Preservation and Restoration, Association of Recorded Sound Collections, International Federation of Television Archives, International Association of Sound Archives, Arlington, VA, No. 17 September (1995).

8

H. Fantel, “Will Success Spoil Digital Audio Tapes?,” New York Times 31 May (1987).

J. Lindner, “Confessions of a Videotape Restorer; Or, How come These Tapes all Need to be Cleaned Differently?,” AMIA Newsletter 24 April (1994).

J.W.C. Van Bogart, Magnetic Tape Storage and Handling, Commission on Preservation and Access, Washington D.C. (1995).i + 34pp.

J.W.C. Van Bogart, Recovery of Damaged Magnetic Tape and Optical Disk Media. <http://www.nml.org/Publications/ Presentations/DisasterRecovery/>

J. Wheeler, The Dos and Don’ts of Videotape Care. <http://palimpsest.stanford.edu:80/byauth/wheeler/wheeler3.html>

Microfilming

N.E. Elkington, Editor, Preservation Microfiming Handbook, Research Libraries Group, Mountain View, CA (1992). x + 203pp + 1 folded leaf.

N.E. Elkington, Editor, Archives Microfilming Manual, Research Libraries Group, Mountain View, CA (1994). x + 208pp.

L.L. Fox, Editor, Preservation Microfilming: A Guide for Librarians and Archivists, Second Edition, American Library Association, Chicago, IL (1996). xxx + 394pp.

National Library of Australia, National Preservation Office, Preservation Microfilming: Does It Have a Future?, Proceedings of the First National Conference of the National Preservation Office, National Library of Australia, Canberra, Australia (1995). xiv + 198pp.

Optical Media

The National Archives and Records Administration and the Long-Term Usability of Optical Media for Federal Records. <http:// palimpsest.stanford.edu:80/bytopic/electronic-records/electronic-storage-media/critiss.html>

Permanance, Care and Handling of CDs. <http://www.kodak.com: 80/daiHome/techInfo/permanence.shtml>

L. Schamber, Optical Disk Formats. <http://palimpsest.stanford. edu:80/bytopic/electronic-records/electronic-storage-media/303176.html>

Paper: Bleaching

P. Axegard, E. Bergnor, M. Ek, U. Ekholm, “Bleaching of Softwood Kraft Pulps With H2O2, O3, and ClO2,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 1 113-119 (1996).

A.D. Baynes-Cope,"The Effect of Residues of Manganese Compounds in Paper on the Bleaching of Prints, Etc.," The Paper Conservator 2 3 (1977).

J. Been, “A Novel Approach to Kinetic Modeling of the Hydrogen Peroxide Brighteneng of Mechanical Pulp,” TAPPI Journal 79 No.1 144-152 (1995).

H.D. Burgess, "Practical Considerations for Conservation Bleaching," Journal IIC-Canadian Group 13 11-26 (1988).

R.L. Feller, "Notes on the Chemistry of Bleaching," Journal IIC-Americn Group 11 No.2 15-22 (1971).

R.J. Gettens, "The Bleaching of Stained and Discoloured Pictures on Paper with Sodium Chlorite and Chlorine Dioxide," Museum 5 No.2 116-130 (1952).

M. Hey, "Paper Bleaching: Its Simple Chemistry and Working Procedure," The Paper Conservator 2 10-23 (1977).

J. Peng, R. Leone, A.N. Serreqi and C. Breuil, “Are Aspen Sterols and Steryl Esters Changed Structurally by Kraft Pulping and Bleaching?,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 1 204-211 (1999).

A. Shahin and O. Wächter, "Simplification of the Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching System," In Conservation of Paintings and the Graphic Arts, IIC, London (1972). pp.955-963.

C. Sergeant and J. Halmy, "A Re-examination of Vapour Phase Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching of Works of Art on Paper," Journal IIC-Canadian Group 8/9 3-7 (1983/1984).

W.G. Steinmiller and D.M. Cates,"Bleaching Cellulose: Part II. Effect of Impurities," Textile Chemist and Colorist 8 No.1 30-34 (1976).

A.M.M. the Taher and D.M. Cates, "Bleaching Cellulose: Part I. A Free Radical Mechanism," Textile Chemist and Colorist 7 No.12 220-224 (1975).

M. Wentz and D.M. Cates, "Nonaqueous Bleaching of Cellulose by Perchloroethylene-Hydrogen Peroxide-Water," Textile Research Journal 45 No.9 691-697 (1975).

Paper: Deacidification

Anon., "The Club Soda Formula,” Abbey Newsletter 15 5 (1978).

Anon., “Interview - Helen Burgess,” Canadian Library Journal 49 No. 3 182-184, 186 (1992).

Anon., "The Koppers Deacidification Patent," The Abbey Newsletter 10 No. 6 85-86, 88 (1986).

Anon., “Six New Mass Treatments,” The Abbey Newsletter 8 No. 1 1-2 (1984).

A. Arad, “Automated Mass Spraying of Documents,” Archives et Bibliotheques de Belgique 46 288-296 (1975).

J.S. Arney, A.J. Jacobs and R. Norman, “The Influence of Deacidification on the Deterioration of Paper," In Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 19 Issue 1 34-41 (1979).

J.-M. Arnoult, “Mass Deacidification in France,” Restaurator 8 No. 2-3 100-105 (1987).

J.-M. Arnoult, Editor, M.A. Smith, “Mass Deacidification at the Biblioteque Nationale,” In Preservation of Library Materials. Conference Held at the National Library of Austria Vienna, April 7-10, 1986 Volume 1 Series: Ifla Publications 40.

G. Banik and W.K. Sobotka, “Deacidification and Strengthening of Bound Newspapers Through Aqueous Immersion,” In 1988 Paper Preservation Symposium: Capital Hilton, Washington, D.C., October 19-21 Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, Atlanta (1988). pp. 146-154.

9

G. Banik, W.K. Sobotka, A. Vendl, S. Norzsicska, “Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Deacidified Modern Papers,” In ICOM Committee for Conservation, 10th Triennial Meeting, Washington, D.C., USA, 22-27 August 1993, Preprints 2 (1993). pp. 435-441.

P.N. Banks, "The Treatment of an 1855 British Paper Specimen Book," Bulletin of the American Group - IIC 12 No.2 88-95 (1972).

J.M. Banks, “Mass Deacidification at the National Library of Canada,” Conservation Administration News 20 14-15, 27 January (1985).

W.J. Barrow, Procedures and Equipment Used in the Barrow Method of Restoring Manuscipts and Documents (1958). 14pp.

W.J. Barrow, Procedures and Equipment Used in the Barrow Method of Restoring Manuscipts and Documents (1961). 14pp.

W.J. Barrow, “Stabilita e Durabilita dei Procedimenti di Reastauro,” Bolletino Dell’instituto di Patalogia del Libro 1957 Nos. 1-2 8-14 (1957).

W.J. Barrow and B.C. Sproull, “Permanence in Book Papers,” Science 129 1075-1084 (1959).

A.D. Baynes-Cope, "The Non-aqueous Deacidification of Documents," Restaurator 1 No.1 2-9 (1969).

B. Becker and H. Moroff, “Über das Waschen von Papier,” Maltechnik-restauro 93 4 42-44, 46, 48 (1987).

A.C. Brandt, Mass Deacidification of Paper: A Comparative Study of Existing Processes Biblioteque Nationale, Paris (1992). 1 volume (various pagings).

M. Bortolani, L. Botti, O. Mantovani, L. Residori, “La Cromatographia di Permeazione ed Altri Saggi Chimici e Fisica per Valutare la Stabilita della Carta Tratta con Idrossido di Calcio, Carbonato di Calcio e Borace,” In Le Scienze Applicate nella Salvaguardia e nella Riproduzione degli Archivi, Series: Quaderni della Rasegna degli Archivi di Stato. 56 (1989). pp. 83-99.

H.D. Burgess, “The Stabilization of Cellulosic Fibres by Borohydride Derivatives,” In ICOM Committee for Conservation, 9th Triennial Meeting, Dresden, German Democratic Republic, 26-31 August 1990: Preprints K. Grimstead, Editor 447-452 (1990).

H.D. Burgess and E. Kaminska, “Evaluation and Comparison of Commercial Mass Deacidification Processes - Part I - Project Planning and Selection of Materials,” American Institute for Paper Conservation. Book and Paper Group Annual 10 22-42 (1991).

P. Calvini, V. Grosso, M. Hey, L. Rossi and L. Santucci, “Deacidi-fication of Paper: A More Fundamental Approach,” The Paper Conservator 12 No. 3 35-40 (1988).

M. Carme Sistach Anguera, "Structure of Paper Fibres in Ancient Manuscripts: Acid Decomposition and Deacidification," Restaurator 17 No. 2 117-129 (1996).

G.M. Cunha, “Mass Deacidifiaction Systems Available to Librarians,” In New Directions in Paper Conservation. 10th Anniversary Conference on the Institute of Paper Conservation. 14-18 April 1986, Oxford (1986). pp. 66-67.

F. Daniel, F. Flieder and F. Leclerc, “Etude de l’effet de la Pollution sur des Papiers Desacidifies,” In Les Documents Graphiques et Photographiques. Analyse et Conservation. Travaux du Centre de Reserches sur la Conservation des Documents Graphiques 1986-1987 (1988). pp. 53-92.

V. Daniels, “Colour Changes of Watercolour Pigments During Deacidification,” In Science and Technology in the Service of Conservation; Preprints of the Contributions to the Washington Congress, 3-9 September 1982 IIC, London (1982). pp. 66-70.

D.W. Darragh, “Deacidification of Brittle Manuscripts and Documents,” Restaurator 2 Nos. 3-4 179-184 (1978).

C. De Gonzales, “Desacidificacion de documentos Usando Hidroxido de Calcio,” Centromidca 2 1 45-49 (1981).

R.N. DuPuis, J.E. Kusterer, Jr., and R.C. Sproull, "Evaluation of Langwell's Vapor Phase Deacidification Process," Restaurator l No.3 149-164 (1970).

T. Fawcett, P. Pacey, Editor, “Conservation,” In Art Library Manual: A Guide to Resources and Practice (1977). pp. 395-403.

F. Flieder, “Die in Frankreich Angewandte Massenbehandlung zur Konservierung und Restaurierung von Buechern. Les Traitements de Masse Utilises en France pour la Conservation et la Restauration des Livres,” Internationale Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Archiv-Bibliotheks-und Graphikrestauratoren. Berlin, 5-9 October 1987

F. Flieder and F. Leclerc, “Etude du Comportement du Papier Deacidifie par Differentes Procedes,” In ICOM Report 4/72/6 (1972). 30pp.

F. Flieder, F. Leclerc and J.-M. Arnoult, “La Desadification de Masse des Papiers en France,” In Technologie Industrielle. Conservation, Restauration du Patrimoine Culturel. Colloque AFTPV/SFIIC. Nice, 19-22 Septembre 1989.

F. Flieder, F. Leclerc and S. Bonnassies, “La Desacidification des Papiers,” Inst. Roy. Pat. Artist., Bull., Miscellanea in Memoriam Paul Coremans 15 151-169 (1975).

C. Harris, “Mass Deacidification. Science to the Rescue?” Library Journal 104 No. 4 1423-1427 (1979).

J. Hermans and P. Mahoney, “Deacidification and Sizing,” Conservation News 26 8 (1988).

M. Hey, “The Deacidification and Stabilization of Irongall Inks,” Restaurator 5 Nos. 1-2 24-44 (1981).

M. Hey, “Kitchen Chemistry: The Reasons Why Not,” The Abbey Newletter 11 1-4 (1977).

M. Hey, “The Washing and Aqueous Deacidification of Paper” The Paper Conservator 4 66-79 (1979).

M. Hey, “What You Should Know Before Deciding to Deacidify," Paper Conservation News 75 6-7 (1995).

N.S. Hon, “Critical Evaluation of Mass Deacidifiaction Processes for Book Preservation,” In Historic Textile and Paper Materials II: Conservation and Characterization. Editors, S.H. Zeronian and H.L. Needles ACS Symposium Series 410 (1989). pp. 13-33.

G.B. Kelly, Jr., "Practical Aspects of Deacidification," AIC Bulletin 13 No. 1 16-28 (1972).

G.B. Kelly, Jr., "Practical Aspects of Deacidification," In Archives et Bibliothèques de Belgique Special Issue No. 12: "Études Concernant la Restauration d'Archives, de Livres et de Manuscrits" 91-105 (1974).

G.B. Kelly, Jr., and S. Fowler "Penetration and Placement of Alkaline Compounds in Solution-Deacidified Paper,” Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 17 No. 2 33-43 (1978).

10

B-Y. Kim, A. Isogai, F. Onabe and M. Usuda, “Degradation Mechanism of Paper by Ultraviolet Treatment, Japan TAPPI Journal 44 242-248 (1990).

J. Kolar and G. Novak, “Effect of Various Deacidification Solutions on the Stability of Cellulose Pulps,” Restaurator 17 No. 1 25-31 (1996).

J.J. Kozak and R.E. Spatz, "Deacidification of Paper by the Bookkeeper Process," In 1988 Paper Preservation Symposium: Capital Hilton, Washington D.C., October 19-21 TAPPI Press, Atlanta (1988). pp. 167-171.

J.E. Kusterer Jr. and R.C. Sprool, “Gaseous Diffusion Paper Deacification,” U.S. Patent No. 3,771,958, Washington D.C., U.S. Patent Office, 13 November (1973).

M. Larose, Acidity in Paper and Deacidification Techniques (1975). 9pp.

A. Lienardy, “A Bibliographical Survey of Mass Deacidification Methods,” Restaurator 12 75-103 (1991).

A. Lienardy and P. Van Damme, “Practical Deacidification,” Restaurator 11 No. 1 1-19 (1990).

D.G. Lowe, “The Case of the Vanishing Records,” American Heritage 20 No. 5 34-35 107-111 (1969).

H. Malin Jr., “Deteriorating Books,” Chemistry 52 No. 2 17-20 (1979).

E. McCrady, “Three Deacidification Methods Compared,” The Abbey Newletter 15 No. 8 121-122, 124 (1991). D. Mirham, “Paper Deacidification: A Bibliographic Survey, Part 1” Restaurator 7 81-98 (1986).

D. Mirham, “Paper Deacidification: A Bibliographic Survey, Part 2” Restaurator 7 99-118 (1986).

N.A. North, Non-Aqueous Deacidification,” Institute for the Conservation of Cultural Material 5 Issue 1 41-42 March (1976).

R. Oye, “The Significance of Deacidification on Paper Properties," In Paper Preservation: Current Issues and Recent Development, P. Luner, Editor, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA (1990). pp. 122-126.

J. Palm, Preventive and Retrospective Deacidification of Paper (Preventiv och retroactiv avsyrning av papper), Rapport, FoU-projektet for papperkonservering (Sweden), no.6, Stockholm, Riksarkivet (1991) Swedish, with English summary, 18pp.

M. Plossi Zappala, “Effeto sulla Cellulosa di Soluzioni acquose di Idrosido di Calcio,” Bolletino Dell’instituto di Patalogia del Libro “Alfonso Gallo" 37 29-40 (1981).

L. Price, “Deacidification Panel,” The Book and Paper Group Annual 2 86-87 (1983).

N. Purington, “An S.E.M. Analysis of Paper Before and After Deacidification,” In Center for Conservation and Technical Studies, Harvard Art Museums, Cambridge, MA (1984). pp. 75-86.

W. Ruhm, “Die Massenkonservierung von Losen und Gebundenen Zeitungsblaettern," In Internationale Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Archiv-Bibliotheks-Und Graphikrestauratoren. Berlin, October 5-9, 1987 (1987). 16pp.

M. Ruggles, “Practical Application of Deacification Treatment of Works of Art on Paper,” Bulletin of the American Group - The

International Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works 11 No. 2 76-84 (1971).

L. Santucci, “Paper Deacidification Procedures and Their Effects,” Les Techniques de Laboratoire dans L’Etude des Colloques Internationaux du CNRS 548 197-212 (1972).

L. Santucci, “Recenti Osservazione del Laboratorio di Chimica Dell’istituto Centrale per la Patalogia del Libro,” Provincia di Padova Informazioni 14 21-23 (1985).

D. Sebera, The Impact of the Environment (1991) Unpublished Manuscipt. 19pp.

P. Schwerdt, “The German Mass Deacidification Process: Recent Developments and the Realization at Die Deutsche Bibliothek,” ICOM Committee for Conservation 10th Triennial Meeting, Washington D.C., USA, August 22-27, 1993, Preprints

C. J. Shahani, “Preservation Research at the Library of Congress: Recent Progress and Future Trends,” In Directory: Information Sources on Scientific Research Related to the Preservation of Books, Paper, and Adhesives Commission on Preservation and Access, Washington D.C. (1990). pp. 7-28.

C. J. Shahani and F.H. Hengemihle, “Effect of Some Deacidification Agents on Copper-Catalyzed Degradation of Paper,” Preservation Directorate Library of Congress, D.C. Conservation League, Washington DC (1995).

C. J. Shahani and W.K. Wilson, “Preservation of Libraries and Archives,” American Scientist 75 No. 3 240-251 (1987).

R.D. Smith, “Deacidification Technologies: State of the Art,” In 1988 Paper Preservation Symposium: Capital Hilton, Washington, D.C., October 19-21, TAPPI Press, Atlanta (1988). pp. 125-140.

R.D. Smith, “Paper Deacidification: A Preliminary Report,” The Library Quarterly 36 No. 4 273-292 (1966).

R.D. Smith, “The Nonaqueous Deacidification of Papers and Books,” The American Archivist 75-76 (1971).

K. Spence, “Preserving the World’s Memory,” Country Life 173 No. 4470 1012-1013 (1983).

L.C. Tang, “Washing and Deacidifying Paper in the same Operation,” In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value II Advances in Chemistry Series No. 193, J.C. Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C. (1981). pp. 63-86.

L. C. Tang, “Stabilization of Paper Through Sodium Borohydride Treatment” In Historic Textile and Paper Materials: Conservation and Characterization Advances in Chemistry Series 212 (1986). pp. 427-441.

L.C. Tang et al. “Method of Stabilizing Felted Cellulosic Sheet Material With an Alkali Metal Borohydride” United States Patent 4,401,810 1993.

O. Wächter, “Die Neutralisierung saurehältiger Papiere” Internationaler Graphiscer Restauratorentag, Biblos-Schriften 69 53-64 (1972).

W. Wächter, Study on Mass Conservation Techniques for Treatment of Library and Archives Material UNESCO (1989).

P. Waters, “Deacidification, Lamination and the Use of Polyester Film Encapsulation at thre Library of Congress,” Information Bulletin, Western Association of Map Libraries 6 Issue 3 19-21 June (1975).

11

Paper: Deacidification: Calcium Hydroxide/ Calcium Bicarbonate

C. Atwood, “Alkaline Wash Water System Design,” In New Directions in Paper Conservation. 10th Anniversary Conference of the Institute of Paper Conservation. April 14-18, Oxford (1986). pp. 75-77.

W.J. Barrow, "Deacidification," In Manuscripts and Documents: Their Deterioration and Restoration, University of Virginia Press, Charlottesville, Virginia (1955). pp. 45-53.

W.J. Barrow, "The Barrow Two-Bath Deacidification Method," American Archivist 29 No. 2 161-164, April (1976).

W.J. Barrow, "Deacidification of Documents," In The Barrow Method of Restoring Deteriorated Documents, W.J. Barrow, Richmond, Virginia (1979). pp. 6-8.

C. Marconi, “Influenza della Deacidificazione Acquosa con Idrossido di Calcio nei Riguardi della Resistenza della Carta Whatmen All’Attacco di Miceti Carticoli,” Bollettino dell’Instituto Centrale per la Patologia del Libro 43 177-184 (1989).

Paper: Deacidification: Cyclohexylamine Carbonate

Anon., “Dangerous and Unpredictable: Strange Effects of VPD Sheets,” The Abbey Newsletter 9 3-4 (1977).

W.J. Barrow Research Laboratory, “Evaluation of Langwell’s Vapor Phase Deacidification Process,” Library of Congress Information Bulletin, Appendix 41-43 (1970).

G.M. Cunha, “Testing of Langwell’s Vapor Phase Deacidification Technique,” American Archivist 31 No. 1 84-86 (1968).

R.N. Dupuis, J.E. Kusterer and R.C. Sproull, “Evaluation of Langwell’s Vapor Phase Deacidification Process,” Preservation Supplement of Library of Congress Information Bulletin 29 A41-A43, 4 June (1970).

R.N. Dupuis, J.E. Kusterer and R.C. Sproull, “Evaluation of Langwell’s Vapor Phase Deacidification Process,” Restaurator 1 No. 3 149-164 (1970).

W.H. Langewell, "The Vapour Phase Deacidification of Books and Documents," Journal of the Society of Archivists 3 No. 3 137-138 (1966).

W.H. Langewell, "The Vapor Phase Deacidification," In "Technical Notes," American Archivist 29 566-568 (1966).

W.H. Langwell, "Vapour-Phase Deacidification: A Recent Development," Journal of the Society of Archivists 4 No. 7 597-598, April (1973).

P. McCarthy, “Vapor Phase Deacidification: A New Preservation Method,” American Archivist 32 No. 4 333-342, October (1969).

Paper: Deacidification: DEZ

Anon., “Library of Congress Announces Completion of Test Aimed at Adding Hundreds of Years to lIfe of Books,” News from the Library of Congress No. PR82-107, 22 October (1982).

G.B. Kelly, “Mass Deacidification,” In Preservation of Library Materials, J.R. Russel, Editor, Special Libraries Association, New York (1980). pp. 59-70.

G.B. Kelly, “Mass Deacidification with Diethyl Zinc,” Library Scene 9 No. 3 6-7 September (1980).

G.B. Kelly, Jr. and J.C. Williams, “Inhibition of Light Sensitvity of Papers with Diethyl Zinc,” In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value II, J.C. Williams, Editor, Advances in Chemistry Series 193, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C. (1981). pp. 109-117.

J.C. Williams and G.B. Kelly, “Research of Mass Treatments in Conservation,” In Library Conservation. Preservation in Perspective, J.P. Baker and M.C. Sorake, Editors, Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, Stroudsburg, PA (1978). pp. 244-252. [Reprinted from the Bulletin of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works 14 No. 2 69-77, April (1974).]

Paper: Deacidification: Magnesium Bicarbonate

W.J. Barrow, “Preparation of Solutions of Magnesium Bicarbonate for Deacidification,: American Archivist 6 151 (1943).

W.J. Barrow, “Spray Deacidification," In Permanence and Durability of the Book, Volume 3, W.J. Barrow Research Laboratory, Richmond, Virginia (1964).

R. Couch, “Notes on a Pressurized System for Producing Magnesium Bicarbonate Solutions,” Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 21 No. 1 43-48 (1981).

B.R. Curtin, “Effect on Paper pH and Alkaline Reserve from Magnesium Bicarbonate Introduced via Ultrasonic Humidification,” The Book and Paper Group 7 1-6 (1988).

E. Fink, “The ‘Club Soda Formula’ – The Use of Magnesium Bicarbonate Prepared with Magnesium Hydroxide and Club Soda to Protect Paper Against Aging,” Abbey Newsletter 15 5, July (1978).

L. Santucci, “Degradazione della Cellulosa in Presenza di Composti Inorganici. II. Consequenze del Trattamento con Bicarbonati di Magnesio e di Calcio ai Fini della Deacidificazione,” Bolletino Dell’instituto Centrale per la Patalogia del Libro 32 73-89 (1973-4)

L. Santucci, “Degradazione della Cellulosa in Presenza di Composti Inorganici. I. Influenza Dell’umidita sul Comportamento di Cellulosa Contenente Carbonati di Calcio e Magnesio,” Bolletino Dell’instituto Centrale per la Patalogia del Libro 57-72 (1979)

W.K. Wilson, R.A. Golding, R.H. McLaren and J.L. Gear, “Effects of Magnesium Bicarbonate Solutions on Various Papers," In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value II Advances in Chemistry Series 193, J.C. Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C. (1981). pp. 87-107.

W.K. Wilson, M.C. Mackel, J.L. Gear, R.H. McLaren, “Preparation of Solutions of Magnesium Bicarbonate for Deacidification,” The American Archivist 41 No. 1 67-70 (1978).

W.K. Wilson, M.C. Mackel, J.L. Gear, R.H. Macclaren, Preparation of Solutions of Magnesium Bicarbonate for Deacidification of Documents National Archives of U.S. Preservation Services Laboratory, Washington D.C. (1979). 31pp.

Paper: Deacidification: Methyl Magnesium Methoxide/Carbonate

12

G.B. Kelly, Jr., L.C. Tang and M.K. Krasnow, “Methylmagnesium Carbonate - An Improved Nonaqueous Deacidification Agent,” In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value Editor, J.C. Williams, Series: Advances in Chemistry Series 164 (1977). pp. 62-71.

R.A. Parliament, “Construction and Start-Up of the Deacidification Unit at Princeton University Library,” In The Book and Paper Group Annual 2 (1983). pp. 82-85.

L. Santucci, G. Ventura and M. Zappala-Plossi, "An Evaluation of Some Non-Aqueous Deacidification Methods for Paper Documents," Archives et Biblioth ques de Belgique Special Issue 12 131-154 (1974).

R.D. Smith, “The Extension of Book Life,” The Library Binder 18 No. 2 36-40 (1970).

R.D. Smith, The Non-Aqueous Deacidification of Paper and Books University of Chicago, Unpublished: Thesis (1970).

R.D. Smith, Hints for Better Spraying, Wei T'o® Associates, Park Forest, Illinois (1971).

R.D. Smith, The Non-Aqueous Deacidification of Paper and Books University of Chicago, Unpublished: Ph.D. Dissertation (1971). This abstract does not appear in Dissertation Abstracts International.

R.D. Smith, "Non-Aqueous Deacidification," In "Technical Notes," American Archivist 34 75-76, January (1971); Also in TAPPI Journal 54 587-588, May (1981).

R.D. Smith, “Treatment of Cellulosic Materials,” Canadian Patent Number 911,110 Patent Office (1972).

R.D. Smith, "Paper Deacidification. Parts 3 and 4," Art Dealer and Framer 40-46, November (1976); 7-12, December (1976).

R.D. Smith, “Design of a Liquified Gas Mass Deacidification System for Paper and Books,” In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value Editor, J.C. Williams, Series: Advances in Chemistry Series 164 (1977). pp. 149-160.

R.D. Smith, "Progress in Mass Deacidification at the Public Archives," Canadian Library Journal 36 325-332, December (1979).

W.K. Wilson, “Discussion of New Approaches to Preservation,” The Library Quarterly 40 No. 1 (1970).

W.K. Winter, Test on Non-Aqueous Deacidification Spray for Paper Freer Gallery of Art, Unpublished (1972).

Paper: Deacidification: Morpholine

Anon., “Book and Document Preservation Process,” American Archivist 43 No. 1 98-99 (1980).

J.E. Kusterer and R.C. Sproull, "Gaseous Diffusion Paper Deacidification," Patent 3,771,958 (1973).

C.W. Nelson, "Technical Notes," The American Archivist 37 No. 2 309-317 (1974).

B.F. Walker, “Morpholine Deacidification of Whole Books,” In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value, Advances in Chemistry Series 164, Editor, J.C. Williams, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C. (1977). pp. 72-87.

B.F. Walker and J.E. Kusterer, Jr., "Process for Deacidifying a Book Which has a Pyroxylin-Containing Cover," Patent No. 3,837,804 (1974).

Paper: Deterioration Mechanisms

J.S. Arney and A.J. Jacobs, "Newsprint Deterioration: The Influence of Temperature on the Relative Contribution of Oxygen-Independent and Oxygen-Depenent Processes in the Total Rate," TAPPI Journal 63 No. 1 75-77 (1980).

R.L. Feller, S.B. Lee and M. Curran, "Three Fundamental Aspects of Cellulose Deterioration," AATA 22 No. 1 279-357 (1985).

P. Finch and J.C. Roberts, “Enzymatic Degradation of Cellulose,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 312-343.

T.P. Nevell, “Degradation of Cellulose by Acids, Alkalis, and Mechanical Means,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 223-242.

T.P. Nevell, “Oxidation of Cellulose,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 243-265.

E.J. Parks, C.M. Guttman, K.L. Jewett and F.E. Brinckman, “Studies on the Degradation Products of Paper With and Without Pollutants in a Closed Environment: I. Preliminary Results,” NIST Report NSTIR 4456, (1990).

G.O. Phillips and J.C. Arthur, Jr., “Photochemistry and Radiation Chemistry of Cellulose,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 290-311.

F. Shafizadeh, “Thermal Degradation of Cellulose,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 266-289.

E.L. Williams II and D. Grosjean, “Exposure of Deacidified and Untreated Paper to Ambient Levels of Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide: Nature and Yield of Reaction Products,” Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 31 199-212 (1992).

J.C. Williams, C.S. Fowler, M.S. Lyon and T.L. Merrill, “Metallic Catalysts in the Oxidative Degradation of Paper,” In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value, J.C. Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C. (1977). pp.37-61.

See Also: Cellulose Chemistry.

Paper: Environmental Guidelines

W.P. Lull and P.N. Banks, Conservation Environment Guidelines for Libraries and Archives, Revised Edtition, State University, Albany, New York (1995). 102pp.

B.J. Rhodes, Editor, Hold Everything! A Storage and Inforation Sourcebook for Libraries and Archives, New York Metropolitan Reference and Research Library Agency, New York (1990). 63pp.

13

Paper: Fumigation

M. Ballard and N.S. Baer, “Is Fumigation Possible?” International Journal of Museum Management and Curatorship 6 No. 1 83-86 (1987).

H. Ballard and N.S. Baer, “Ethylene Oxide Fumigation: Results and Risk Assessment,” Restaurator 7 No. 4 143-168 (1986).

N. Corbett and T. Walsh, "Fumigation Chamber and Airing Room Complex at Villawood. NSW. Australia," Archives and Manuscripts 6 No. 8 376-379 (1977).

L. Green and V. Daniels, “Investigating of the Residues Formed in the Fumigation of Museum Objects Using Ethylene Oxide,” In Recent Advances in the Conservation and Analysis of Artifacts, University of London Institute of Archaeology Summer Schools Press (1987). pp. 309-313.

F. H. Hengemihle, N. Weberg, C. Shahani, “Desorption of Residual Ethylene Oxide From Fumigated Library Materials,” Preservation Directorate Library of Congress, Washington D.C. (1995). iii + 52pp.

M. Sun, “Study Estimates Higher Risk from Ethylene Oxide Exposure,” Science 231 No. 4737 448 (1986).

Paper: General Conservation

E.P. Adcock, Editor, IFLA Principles for the Care and Handling of Library Material, International Federation of Libraries Association, Washington, DC (1998). 72pp.

O.P. Agrawal, Editor, Conservation of Manuscripts and Documents: Problems and Prospects, INTACH Indian Conservation Institute, Lucknow, India (1992). 109pp.

O.P. Agrawal and S.N. Sinha, Manuscripts, Books, Archival and Alike Material in India: Conservation Status and Needs, INTACH Indian Conservation Institute, Lucknow, India (1993). 39pp.

A. Bonnardot, Essai sur l'art de restaurer les estampes et les livres: ou, traité sur les meilleurs procédés pour blanchir, detacher, décolorer, reparer et conserver les estampes, livres et des livres rares, Art History and Art Reference Series, No.18, Reprint of 1846 Edition, B. Franklin, New York (1967). viii + 352pp.

K. Bredereck and A. Siller-Grabenstein, "Fixing of Ink Dyes as a Basis for Restoration and Presrvation Techniques in Archives," Restaurator 9 No. 3 113-135 (1988).

Canadian Council of Archives, Basic Conservation of Archive Materials: A Guide, Canadian Council of Archives, Ottawa, Canada (1995). ix + 130pp + 9 plates.

A.F. Clapp, Curatorial Care of Works of Art and Paper: Basic Procedures for Paper Preservation, Nick Lyons Books, New York (1987). ix + 191pp.

V. Dadic and T. Ribkin, "Techniques of Delaminating Polyethylene Laminates," Restaurator 1 No.3 141-148 (1970).

M. Gast, "Paper-Splitting, A Problematic but Indispensable Method in Paper Conservation," Restaurator 14 No.4 234-252 (1993).

A. Giovannini, De Tutela Librorum: La Conservation des Livres Documents D’ Archives, I.E.S., Geneva (1995). 368pp.

N. Hadgraft, K. Swift, Editors, Conservation and Preservation in Small Libraries, Parker Library Publications, Cambridge (1994). 160pp.

E. Harding, "Further Experience in the Use of N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone as a Solvent for Old Flour Paste," The Paper Conservator 2 6-8 (1977).

M. Hatton, "Enzymes in a Viscous Medium," The Paper Conservator 2 9 (1977).

B. Höge, "Spalten von Papier," Maltechnik 87 189-191 (1981).

Kansas City Area Archivists, Keeping Your Past: A Basic Guide to the Care and Preservation of Personal Papers, Kansas City Area Archivists, Kansas City, MO. (1987). 25pp.

Y.P. Kathpalia, Conservation and Restoration of Archival Materials, UNESCO, Paris (1973). 231pp.

G. Müller, "Papierspalten von zerfallenem Schriftgut: Risiko oder Perfektion," Maltechnik 95 56-63 (1989).

D. Nikolova, "Proteinase Inhibitors from Vegetables and their Application in Enzymatic Treatments," Restaurator 14 No.4 199-216 (1993).

W.J. Plumbe, Tropical Librarianship, Scarecrow Press, Metuchen, New Jersey (1987). xv + 318pp.

L. Santucci, "The Application of Chemical and Physical Methodss to Conservation of Archival Materials," Bolletino Dell'Instituto Di Patologia Del Libro Fasc. 1/2 85-111 (1961).

J. Segal and D. Cooper, "The Use of Enzymes to Release Adhesives," The Paper Conservator 2 47-51 (1977).

H. Weber, "Die Mechanisierung des Papierspaltverfahrens," Dialog mit Bibliotheken 4 20-22 (1992).

M.K. Weidner, "Damage and Deterioration of Art on Paper Due to Ignorance and Faulty Materials," Studies in Conservation 12 No.1 5-25 (1967).

Paper: General Conservation: Bibliographies

P.N. Banks, A Selective Bibliography on the Conservation of Research Library Materials, Newberry Library, Chicago (1981).

J.M.H. Chantry, A Bibliographic Guide to Some Useful Articles for the Paper Conservator, Oxford, UK (1995). 169pp.

G.M. Cunha and D.G. Cunha, Conservation of Library Materials, Scarecrow Press, Metuchen, New Jersey, Volume I, Second Edition (1971). xvi + 406pp.; Volume II (1972). xiv + 414pp.

W. L. Louden, Paper Conservation and Restoration (Citations from the Institute of Paper Chemistry), Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin (1979). 96pp. NTIS/PS-79/0289/3WM.

Paper: Permanence

Abbey Publications, North American Permanent Papers, Second Edition, Abbey Publications, Austin, Texas (1995). v + 52pp.

American National Standards Institute, American National Standard for Permanent and Durable Library Catalog Cards. ANSI Z85.1 - 1980. ANSI, New York (1980).

14

American Society for Testing and Materials, Standard Specification for File Folders for Storage of Permanent Records. ASTM D3301-74. ASTM, Philadelphia (1974).

American Society for Testing and Materials, Standard Specification for Bond and Ledger Papers for Permanent Records. ASTM D3208-76. ASTM, Philadelphia (1976).

American Society for Testing and Materials, Standard Specification for Manifold Papers for Permanent Records. ASTM D3208-76. ASTM, Philadelphia (1976).

Anon., "`P' Stands for Permanent," The Laboratory 37 98-101 (1964).

H. Bansa and H-U. Hofer, "Increase of Paper Permanence by Treatment with Liquid Ammonia or Ammonia Solutions: Part 3, Testing of the Usability of Papers," In The Conservation of Library and Archive Materials and the Graphic Arts, G. Petherbridge, Editor, The Society of Archivists and the Institute of Paper Conservation, London (1980). pp. 28-31.

W.J. Barrow, Deterioration of Book Stock: Causes and Remedies, The Virginia State Library Publication No. 10, Richmond (1959). 72pp.

W.J. Barrow, Permanence/Durability of the Book, I: A Two-Year Research Program, W.J. Barrow Research Laboratory, Richmond, Virginia (1963). 46pp.

W.J. Barrow, Permanence/Durability of the Book, II: Test Data of Naturally Aged Papers, W.J. Barrow Research Laboratory, Richmond, Virginia (1964). 79pp.

W.J. Barrow, Permanence/ Durability of the Book IV: Spot Testing for Unstable Modern Book and Record Papers. W.J. Barrow Research Laboratory, Richmond, Virginia (1969).

W.J. Barrow and R.C. Sproull, "Permanence in Book Papers," Science 129 (3356). 1075-1084, 24 April (1959).

W.J. Barrow Research Laboratory, "Specifications for Permanent/Durable Book Papers," The American Archivist 38 405-416 (1975).

A.J. Bird, “Addressing the Real Issues for Permanent Papers, Brightness Revision, and Lignin-Containing Pulps,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 5 159-164 (1999).

B.L. Browning, "The Application of Chemical and Physical Tests in Estimating the Potential Permanence of Paper and Papermaking Materials," In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value, J.C. Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington (1977). pp. 275-285.

B.L. Browning and W.A. Wink, "Studies on the Permanence and Durability of Paper. I. The Prediction of Paper Permanence," TAPPI Journal 51 156-63 (1968).

Chicago Paper Testing Laboratory, "Permanent and Durable Library Catalog Cards," Library Technology Reports 11 No. 6, November (1975). 36pp.

L.E. Grove, "The Conservation of Paper," Museum News 42 No. 2 15-20 (1963).

K.B. Hendriks, “Permanence of Paper in the Light of Six Centuries of Papermaking in Europe,” In Environment et Conservation de l’Ecrit, de l’Image et du Son, ARSAG, Paris (1994). pp. 16-20.

M.S. Kantrowitz, E.W. Spencer and R.H. Simmons, “Permanence and Durability in Paper: An Annotated Bibliography of Technichal

Literature from 1885 AD to 1935 AD," Technical Bulletin 22, US Government Printing Office (1940). 114 pp.

G.B. Kelly, J.C. Williams, G.D. Mendenhall, and C.A. Ogle, "The Use of Chemiluminescence in the Study of Paper Permanence," In Durability of Macromolecular Materials. ACS Symposium Series No. 95, R.K. Eby, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington DC (1979). pp. 117-125.

W.H. Langwell, "The Permanence of Papers," Technical Bulletin of the British Paper and Board Manufacturers' Association 29 No. 1 21-28, February (1952); 52-27, April (1952).

W.H. Langwell, "The Permanence of Paper Records," Library Association Records 55 212-215 (1953).

H.F. Launer, "Retention of Aluminum Ion and Hydrogen Ion in Papers," Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards 23 663-674 (1939).

P. Luner, "Paper Permanence," TAPPI Journal 52 796-805 (1969).

C.S. Maxwell and W.F. Reynolds, "Permanence of Wet Strength Paper," TAPPI Journal 33 No.4 179-182 (1950).

E.R. McCrady, Editor North American Permanent Papers, Abbey Publications, Austin, TX (1994). 43pp.

W. Rebsamen, "Must all Printed Library Material be Acid Free?," The Library Scene 10 No. 1 12-14 (1981).

G.A. Richter, “Relative Permanence of Papers Exposed to Sunlight. II,” Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 27 432 (1935).

D.D. Roberson, "The Evaluation of Paper Permanence and Durability" TAPPI Journal 59 63-9 (1976).

Society of American Archivists, Paper Research Committee, "Specifications for Permanent/ Durable Paper for Carbon Copies," The American Archivist 35 81-85 (1972).

W.K. Wilson, "Reflections on the Stability of Paper," Restaurator l 79-86 (1969).

W.K. Wilson and R.L. Herbert, "Evaluation of the Stability of Record Papers," TAPPI Journal 52 1523-1529 (1969).

W.K. Wilson and R.L. Herbert, "Evaluation of the Stability of Manifold Papers," TAPPI Journal 55 1103-1107 (1972).

H.W. Winger and R.D. Smith, Editors, Deterioration and Preservation of Library Materials, University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1970). 200pp.

Paper: Preservation Policy

Commission on Preservation and Access, Scholarly Resources in Art History: Issues in Preservation, Commission on Preservation and Access, Washington, D.C. (1989). v + 43pp.

J.M. Drewes and J.A. Page, Promoting Preservation Awareness in Libraries Greenwood Management Collection, Greenwood Press, Connecticut (1997). 368pp.

F.G. Poole, “Preservation Costs and Standards,” Special Libraries 59 No. 8 614-619 (1968).

R.D. Smith, “Guidelines for Preservation,” Special Libraries 59 346-352 (1968).

15

Paper: Recycling

J.T. Alig, "Recycling and Wastepaper: Legislative Trends," In Course Notes and Proceedings 1991 Recycling Symposium, TAPPI Press, Atlanta (1993). pp.95-121.

Anon., "Recycled Paper Mandate Now in Effect: A News Report with Commentary," The Abbey Newsletter 13 101-102 (1989).

Anon., “Paper Recycling: Responding to the Mandate,” ASTM Standardization News 40-45 August (1993).

B. Cao, U. Tschirner and S. Ramaswamy, “Impact of Pulp Chemical Composition on Recycling,” TAPPI Journal 81 No. 12 119-127 (1998).

A. Chatterjee, Recycling and Its Effects on Strength, Surface and Optical Properties of Paper, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto (1991). [on microfiche]

I. Eriksson, P. Lunabba, A. Pettersson and G. Carlsson, “Recycling Potential of Printed Thermochemical Fibers for Newsprint,” TAPPI Journal 80 No. 7 151-158 (1997).

K.N. Law, J.L. Valade and J. Quan, “Effects of Recycling on Papermaking Properties of Mechanical and High Yield Pulps: Part I: Hardwood Pulps,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 3 167-173 (1996).

L. Mott, S.M. Shaler, L.H. Groom, B.-H. Liang, “The Tensile Testing of Individual Wood Fibers Using Environmenmtal Scanning Electron Microscopy and Video Image Analysis,” TAPPI Journal 78 No. 5 143-148 (1995).

M.M. Nazhad, L. Paszner, “Fundamentals of Strength Loss in Recycled Paper,” TAPPI Journal 77 No. 9 171-179 (1994).

P. Stockburger, “The Economics of Recycled Newsprint,” TAPPI Journal 74 No. 11 61-64 (1991).

A. Vizcarra, V. Lo, P.A. Bicho and P.A. Watson, “A Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assesment of Straw Pulp Incorporation into Telephone Directory-Grade Paper,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 2 115-122 (1999).

Paper: Sizing

Anon., “Paper Sizing," Graphic Arts Monthly 43 Issue 8, December (1971).

N.S. Baer, N. Indictor and A. Joel, "The Aging Behavior of Impregnating Agent-Paper Systems as Used in Paper Conservation," Restaurator 2 No.1 5-23 (1972).

N.S. Baer, N. Indictor, M. Shelley and W. Eley, "An Evaluation of a Dip-Impregnation Treatment for the Conservation of Deteriorated Books," American Institute for Conservation Bulletin 13 No.1 37-47 (1972).

T. Barrett, “Evalulating the Effect of Gelatin Sizing with Regard to the Permanence of Paper," In Institute of Paper Conservation: Conference Papers Manchester 1992, S. Fairbrass, Editor. (1992). pp. 228-233.

M.G. Blank, "The Effect of Polymer Additives on the Strength of Paper of Different Compositions," Restaurator 2 Nos.3-4 155-162 (1978).

E.E. Carrapella, E.M. Powell, C.A. Rutiser and M.S. Barger, “Changes in Paper Surface Morphology Caused By Resizing Treatments,” Restaurator 11 No. 4 219-235 (1990).

M. Chen, C.J. Biermann, “Investigation of the Mechanism of Paper Sizing Through a Desizing Approach,” TAPPI Journal 78 No. 8 120-126 (1995).

M.B. Cohn, “A Hazard of Float Washing: Regaeneration of Papersizing,” The Book and Paper Group Annual 1 31-49 (1982).

J.W. Davis, W.H. Roberson and C.A. Weigerber, “A New Sizing Agent for Paper—Alkyketone Dimers,” TAPPI Journal 39 Issue 1 21-23, January (1951).

G. Engström and V. Morin, “Analysis of the Process of Forming and Consolidation in Blade Coating,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 9 120-128 (1996).

J.A. Irvine, D.E. Aston and J.C. Berg, “The Use of Atomic Force Microscopy to Measure the Adhesive Properties of Sized and Unsized Papers,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 5 172-174 (1999).

A-G. Rischel, “Natural Plant Sizing Agents in Oriental Papers and the Importance of Re-Sizing Such Papers After Washing,” Institute of Paper Conservation: Conference Papers Manchester 1992, S. Fairbrass, Editor. (1992). pp. 222-227.

Paper: Strengthening

H. Bansa and R. Ishii, “The Effect of Different Strengthening Methods on Different Kinds of Paper,” Restaurator 18 No. 2 51-72 (1997).

Paper: Strengthening: Parylene

Anon., “Parylene Made Available for Conservation,” The Abbey Newsletter 12 No. 6 108 (1988).

P. Begin, J. Iraci and J. Warner, “The Use of Parylene in Archives Conservation,” National Archives of Canada Internal Working Paper No. 3 (1992).

D.W. Grattan, “Parylene at the Canadian Conservation Institute - An Initial Survey of Some Applications,” In ICOM Committee for Conservation, Dresden, German Democratic Republic, 26-31 August 1990: Preprints (1990). pp. 551-556.

B.J. Humphrey, “The Application of Parylene Conformal Coating Technology to Archival and Artifact Conservation,” Studies in Conservation 29 No. 3 117-123 (1984).

B.J. Humphrey, “Paper Strengthening with Gas-Phase Parylene Polymers: Practical Considerations,” Restaurator 11 No. 1 48-68 (1990).

B.J. Humphrey, “Parylene Gas Phase Consolidation: An Overview,” In 1988 Paper Preservation Symposium: Capital Hilton Washington DC October 19-21 (1988). pp. 157-162.

B.J. Humphrey, “Parylene Gas Phase Consolidation: An Overview,” In Paper Preservation: Current Issues and Recent Developments, P. Luner, Editor (1990). pp. 133-136.

B.J. Humphrey, “Vapor Phase Consolidation of Books With the ParylenePolymers,” Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 25 No. 1 15-29 (1986).

16

M.W. Pascoe, “Parylene Coatings: Some Consideration on the Reversibility of Vapour Formed Coatings,” Studies in Conservation 30 No. 2 100 (1985).

Paper: Websites

Centre Technique du Papier (France). <http://ctp.inpg.fr/>

J.C. Edwards, “A Quick Guide to Internet Resources,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 8 57-61 (1999).

Pulp and Paper Net. <http://www.pulpandpaper.net/>

Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry. <http://www.tappi.org/>

Papermaking

J.H. Ainsworth, Paper: The Fifth Wonder Thomas Print and Publishing Company, Kaukauna, WI, Third Revised Edition (1967). 370pp.

G.G. Allan, A.P. Stoyaner, M. Veda and A. Yashiaoui,” Sugar-cellulose Composites III: The Incorporation of Sucrose into Paper as a Cellulose Substitute,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 5 165-171 (1999).

American Pulp and Paper Association, The Dictionary of Paper Third Edition, American Pulp and Paper Association, New York (1965). ix + 365pp.

American Society for Testing and Materials, Paper and Paperboard Third Edition, Philadelphia (1963). x +129pp.

N.S. Baer and N. Indictor, "Proposal for a Repository for the Materials of Book and Paper Conservation," ICOM Committee for Conservation 4th Triennial Meeting Venice 1975. Preprints 75/9/3 1-6.

C.F. Baker, Products of Papermaking: Transactions of the Tenth Fundamental Research Symposium, Pira International, Oxford UK (1993). 3 volumes.

J.N. Balston, William Balston Paper Maker 1759-1849 Methuen & Company, Ltd., London (1954) Reprint: Garland, NY (1979). xii+171pp.

J.N. Balston, James Whatman: Father and Son, Methuen & Company, Ltd., London (1957) Reprint: Garland, NY (1979). xi+170pp.

J.N. Balston, The Elder James Whatman: England’s Greatest Paper Maker, J.N. Balston, West Farleigh, Kent (1992). 2 volumes.

L. Barker, “A Seminar in Handmade Papermaking for the Fine Arts,” Barker, Bloomfield Hills, MI (1962). 17pp + 4 leaves.

M. Bicchieri, P. Brusa and G. Pasquariello, "Tracing Paper: Methods of Study and Restoration," Restaurator 14 No.4 217-233 (1993).

A. Blanchet, Essai sur L’Histoire du Papier et de sa Fabrication Ernest Leroux, Paris (1900). iv + 171pp.

C.M. Briquet, Les Filigranes Second Edition, Leipzig (1923).

K.W. Britt, Editor, Handbook of Pulp and Paper Technology Reinhold, NY (1964). viii + 537pp.

G. Broderick, J. Paris, J.L. Valade, “Fiber Development in Chemimechanical Pulp Refining,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 4 193-200 (1996).

W.H. Bureau, “Mechanical Pulps,” Graphic Arts Monthly 43 No. 12 December (1971).

C.E. Cain, The Chemistry of Paper Video Cassette, Society of Mississippi Archivists, Jackson (n.d.).

J.B. Calkin, Modern Pulp and Papermaking Reinhold, NY (1957). vii+549pp.

J.P. Casey, Pulp and Paper Volumes I-III, Interscience, New York (1960-1961).

V.W. Clapp, “The Story of Permanent / Durable Book Paper, 115-1970,” Restaurator Supplement 3 (1972).

R.H. Clapperton, Paper; An Historical Account of Its Making by Hand from the Earliest Times Down to the Present Day, Shakespeare Head Press, Oxford (1934). xvi + 158pp + 58 plates.

R.H. Clapperton, The Papermaking Machine, Its Invention, Evolution and Development Pergamon Press, Oxford, London, New York (1967). 365pp.

R.H. Clapperton and W. Henderson, Modern Papermaking, Third Edition, Blackwell, Oxford (1952). xii + 380pp + xx.

E.J. Cole and M. Todd, Pulp and Paper Mill Instrumentation, Lockwood Trade Journal, New York (1957). 117pp.

D.C. Coleman, The British Paper Industry, 1495-1860: A Study in Industrial Growth Clarendon Press, Oxford (1958) reprinted Greenwood Press, Westport, CT (1975). xvi + 367pp +3 leaves of plates.

W. Cote, Editor, Papermaking Fibers, A Photomicrographic Atlas, Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, New York (1980). xxxvi + 150pp.

C.F. Cross and E.J. Beven, A Text-Book of Paper-Making, Fifth Edition, E. and F.N. Spon, Ltd., London (1920). xi + 527pp + xvii plates.

C.T. Davis, The Manufacture of Paper, Henry Carey Baird and Company, Philadelphia (1886).

C.W. Dence and D.W. Reeve, Editors, Pulp Bleaching and Practice, TAPPI Press, Atlanta (1996). 880pp.

D. Diderot, A Diderot Pictorial Encyclopedia of Trades and Industries Volume 2, Plates 359-386, Dover Publications, New York (1959).

J. Dunbar, The Practical Paper Maker, Third Edition, MacKenzie and Storrie, Leith (1887). viii + 101pp.

J. Erfurt, The Dyeing of Paper Pulp, Second Edition, translated by J. Hubner, Scott, Greenwood & Company, London (1901). xiii + 180pp + mounted samples.

J. Evans, The Endless Web: John Dickinson & Company, Ltd., 1804-1954, Jonathan Cape, London (1955). xvi + 274pp.

J.M. Farmer, “Paper: The Technological and Spiritual Wonder of the Ancient World,” In New American Paperworks World Print Council, San Francisco (1982). pp. 5-16.

L.E. Fisher, The Papermakers Franklin Watts, Inc., NY (1965). 46pp.

17

V. Freeman, "Handmade Paper - the State of the Art," Guild of Book Workers Journal 22 No. 2 10-16 (1984).

T. Garlock, Glossary of Papermaking Terms World Print Council, San Francisco (1982). 30pp.

M.T. Glaser, A Catalogue of Rag Papers from the 15th to the 19th Centuries (1963). conservation Center, Institute of Fine Arts.

S. Goto, Japanese Paper and Papermaking Tokyo (1958-1960). volume 1 “Northeastern Japan,” Volume 2 “Western Japan,”

J. Grant, Books and Documents: Dating, Permanence and Preservation Graftan & Company, London (1937). xii + 218pp + xii leaves of plates.

J. Grant A Laboratory Handbook of Pulp and Paper Manufacture. Second Edition, E. Arnold, London (1961). vii + 523 pp.

J. Green, Notes on the Manufacture of Handmade Paper The London School of Printing, London (1936). 30pp.

A. Haemmerle, Buntpapier Second Edition, Callwey, Munich (1977). 255pp.

V.W. Hagen, The Aztec and Maya Papermakers J.J. Augustin, NY (1944). 120pp + 36 plates.

R. Hauser, Restoration Papers: A Study of Restoration Papers Used by American Print and Book Conservators. Busyhaus, North Andover MA, (1977). 36pp. + samples.

J. Heller, Paper Making, Watson Gupthill Publications, New York (1978). 216pp.

J. Heller, Papermaking: The White Art Scorpio Press, Scotsdale Arizona (1980). 2 + 216pp + 13 leaves of plates.

Hercules, Inc., The Paper Maker Wilmington Delaware (Serial: 1932-1970).

R. Herring, Paper and Papermaking, Ancient and Modern, Second Edition, Longman, London (1856). xvi + 125pp + 30 leaves of plates + samples.

R.A. Higham, A Handbook of Papermaking Oxford University Press, London (1963). viii + 294pp.

K.J. Hipolit, Editor, Chemical Processing Aids in Papermaking: A Practical Guide, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA (1992). xi + 209pp.

S. Hughs, Washi: The World of Japanese Paper, Kodansha International, Tokyo, New York (1978). 360pp.

D. Hunter, The Literature of Papermaking 1390-1800 Chillicothe, Ohio (1925) Reprint: Lenox Hill, NY (1971). 47pp.

D. Hunter, Old Papermaking in China and Japan Chillicothe, Ohio (1932). 711pp + samples.

D. Hunter, A Papermaking Pilgrimage to Japan, Korea and China Pynson Printers, New York (1936). 148pp + 34 leaves of plates.

D. Hunter, Chinese Ceremonial Paper Chillicothe, Ohio (1937). 79pp + 14 leaves of plates + samples.

D. Hunter, Papermaking in Southern Siam Mounted House Press, Chillicothe, Ohio (1937). 34pp + plates and samples.

D. Hunter, Papermaking by Hand in India New York (1939). 129pp + plates + samples.

D. Hunter, Papermaking Through Eighteen Centuries, W.E. Rudge, New York (1930). xvii + 358pp.

D. Hunter, Papermaking in Pioneer America, University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia (1952) Reprint, University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan (1973). xiv + 178pp.

D, Hunter, My Life with Paper, Knopf, New York (1958). 236pp + 12 leaves of plates.

D. Hunter, Papermaking: The History and Technique of an Ancient Craft, Second Edition, Knopf, New York (1967). xxiv + 611pp.

G.L. Jones, “Analysis and Simulation of Property Development in Forming Newsprint,” TAPPI Journal 73 No. 7 160-168 (1990).

B. Jugaku, Hand Made Paper of Japan, Board of Tourist Industry, Tokyo (1942). 102pp + plates + samples.

B. Jugaku, Papermaking by Hand in Japan Meiji-Shobu Ltd., Tokyo (1959). 75pp + 24 plates + samples.

J. Kunisaki, Kamisuki Chohoki (A Handy Guide to Papermaking), Translated by C.E. Hamilton from the 1798 Japanese Edition, University of California, Berkeley (1948). viii + 78pp.

N. Kyofusa, Japanese Papermaking, Hokuseido Press, Tokyo (1954). 60pp.

E.J. Labarre, Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Papermaking, Second Edition, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam (1952). xxi+488pp.

J.J. LaLande le Francais de, Art de Faire le Papier (in Descriptions des Arts et Métiers, Volume IV Paris (1761).

L. Le Clert, Le Papier: A Troyes et aux Envurons Volume I and II, Paris (1926).

I.P. Leif, An International Sourcebook of Paper History, Archon Press, The Shoe String Press, Inc., Hamden, Connecticut (1978). viii + 160pp.

L.S. Le Normand, Manuel du Fabricant de Papiers, La Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris (1833-1834). 2 volumes.

H. Lenz, Mexican Indian Paper; Its History and Survival, Editorial Libros de Mexico, Mexico City (1961). 280pp + samples.

N. Lewis, Papyrus in Classical Antiquity Clarendon Press, Oxford(1974). vi + 152pp + 4 leaves of plates.

N. Lewis, Papyrus in Classical Antiquity: A Supplement, Fondation Égyptologique reine Elisabeth, Brussells (1989). 42pp.

Library of Congress, Papermaking: Art and Craft, Library of Congress, Washington D.C., (1968). 96pp.

E.G. Loeber, Supplement to (Labarre’s) Dictionary and Encyclopedia of Paper and Papermaking, Swets & Zeitlinger, Amsterdam (1967). x + 104pp.

P. Long, Editor, Paper: Art and Technology, World Print Council San Francisco (1979). 118pp.

L. Louden, Calenders and Calendering, Supplement II (Citations from the Institute of Paper Chemistry), Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin (1979). 98pp. NTIS/PS-79/0287/73WM.

L. Louden, Pulping Processes: Mechanical Processes (Citations from the Institute of Paper Chemistry), Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin (1979). 441pp. NTIS/PS-79/0290/1WM.

18

K. Luukko and H. Paulapuro, “Mechanical Pulp Fines: Effect of Particle Size and Shape,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 2 95-101 (1999).

D.W. Manson, Editor, Alkaline Papermaking 1982-1992, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, Georgia (1992). ix + 425pp.

M. McLeod, “Early History of Coated Papers – How They Came of Age,” Paper Trade Journal, 170-175, 27 May (1972).

P. Moilanen and U. Lindqvist, “Web Defect Inspection in the Printing Press-Research under the Finnish Technology Program,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 9 88-94 (1996).

R.H. Mosher, Technology of Coated and Processed Papers, Chemical Publishing Company, New York (1952). x + 733pp.

J. Munsell, A Chronology of Paper and Papermaking 4th Edition, J. Munsell, Albany (1870). vii + 226 + 1 leaf od plates.

J. Munsell, Chronology of the Origin and Progress of Paper and Papermaking, J. Munsell, Albany (1876). Reprint of the Fifth Edition, Garland Publishing, New York (1980). ix + 263pp.

F.H. Noris, Paper and Papermaking, Oxford University Press, London, New York (1952). xiv + 353pp.

C.-H. P’an, “The Earliest Specimen of Paper Made From Plant Fiber,” Wen Wu 11 48-51 (1964).

Paper and Board Makers Association, Paper Making, The Association, Kenley, England (1949). 208pp.

L. Piett, Die Fabrikation des Papiers aus Stroh und vielen andern Substanzen Dumont-Schauberg, Cologne (1838).

A. Proteaux, Practical Guide for the Manufacture of Paper and Boards, H.C. Baird, Philadelphia (1866). xi + 292pp + 6 plates + 24pp of bibliography.

R. Reed, What the Lithographer Should Know About Paper, Second Edition, Lithographic Technical Foundation, New York (1959). 166pp.

A. Renker, Das Buch vom Papier, Insel-Verlag, Leipsig, Germany (1934). 178pp + plates, samples, etc.

A. Robinson, Paper in Prints Foreword by J. Carter Brown, National Gallery of Art, Washington DC (1977). 61pp.

D.F. Rogonski, “Identification and Elimination of Roughness Patterns in Coated Products,” TAPPI Journal 78 No. 5 189-198 (1995).

P.T. Sarjeant, Handmade Papermaking Manual, Paper-Make, Covington, Virginia (1974).

L.B. Schlosser, An Exhibition of Books on Papermaking: A Selection of Books from the Collection of Leonard B. Schlosser, Free Library, Philadelphia (1968). 23pp.

W.E. Scott, Wet End Chemistry: An Introduction, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, Georgia (1992). vii + 72pp.

A.H. Shorter, Paper Making in the British Isles: An Historical and Geographic Study David and Charles, Newton Abbot, England (1971) Barnes and Noble, New York (1972). 272pp.

H. Singer and W. Hall, A History of Technology Volume 3 - Chapter 15, and Volume 5 - Chapter 29, Claredon, Oxford (1957).

D.C. Smith, History of Papermaking in the United States (1691-1969) Lockwood Publishing Company, New York (1970). 693pp.

G.A. Smook, Handbook of Pulp and Paper Terminology, Angus Wilde, Bellingham, WA (1990). 447pp.

J.N. Stephenson, Editor, Pulp and Paper Manufacture McGraw-Hill, NY, 5 Volumes (1939).

R.T. Stevens, Art of Papermaking in Japan New York (1909). 8pp.

A. Stevenson, The Problem of Missale Speciale The Biographical Society, London (1967).

L.T. Stevenson, The Background and Economics of American Papermaking, Harper & Brothers, New York (1940). xii + 249pp.

V. Studley, The Art and Craft of Handmade Paper Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York (1977). 112pp.

J.W. Swanson, "The Science of Chemical Additives in Papermaking," TAPPI Journal 44 No. 1 142A-181A (1961).

O.V. Subira, “Three Hundred Years of Paper in Spain,” The Paper Maker 34 No. 1 29-37 (1965).

E. Sutermeister, Chemistry of Pulp and Papermaking, Third Edition, Wiley, New York, London (1946). xii + 529pp.

E. Sutermeister, The Story of Papermaking S.D. Warren, Boston (1954). 209pp.

J.J. Thomas, “Alkaline Printing Papers: Promise and Performance,” In Deterioration and Preservation of Library Materials, H.W. Winger and R.D. Smith, Editors, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, London (1970). pp. 99-112.

T. Tindale and H. Tindale, The Handmade Paper of Japan Vermont and Tokyo (1952).

P. Tschudin, “Papyrus,” The Paper Maker 34 No. 1 3-15 (1965).

S. Turner and B. Skiöld, Handmade Paper Today: A Worldwide Survey of Mills, Papers, Techniques, and Uses. Lund Humphries, London; Frederic C. Beil, New York (1983). 280 pp. + appendices.

U.S. Library of Congress, Papermaking: Art and Craft, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. (1968). 96pp.

H. Voorn, De Papiermolens in De Provincie Nord Holland De Papierwereld, Haarlem (1960).

J.C. Walter, The Coating Processes, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA (1993). xxviii + 260pp.

L.H. Weeks, A History of Paper Manufacturing in the United States, 1690-1916, Lockwood Trade Journal Company, New York, (1916) Reprint, Burt Franklin, New York (1969). xv + 352pp.

G. Wehrs, Vom Papier, den vor der Erfindung desselben üblich gewesenen Schreibmassen und Sonstigen Schreibmaterialen Johann Jacob Gebauer, Halle (1789). 728pp.

J. Weiner and L. Roth, Protective and Decorative Coatings for Paper, Bibliographic Series No.199, Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin (1962). 300pp.

W.B. Wheelwright, Paper Trade Terms, Callaway Assocaites, Boston (1947). No page data.

W.B. Wheelwright, What the Public Should Know About Paper University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1940). 1 volume.

19

R.P. Whitney, The Story of Paper, Revised Edition, TAPPI Press, Atlanta (1980). 28pp.

F.S.M. Wijnekus, Editor, Elsevier’s Dictionary of the Printing and Allied Industries, in Four Languages Elsevier, NY (1967). 596pp.

N.B. Wilkinson, Papermaking in America The Hagley Museum, Greenvile, DE (1975). 64pp.

G.S. Witham, Modern Pulp and Paper Making, Third Edition, Reinhold, NY (1957).

G.S. Young and H.D. Burgess, "Lignin in a Paperboard Advertised as Lignin-Free," The Abbey Newsletter 13 101-102 (1989).

See Also: Cellulose Chemistry; and Paper: Measurement of pH.

Paper Testing: Accelerated Aging

J.S. Arney and A.J. Jacobs,"Accelerated Aging of Paper: The Relative Importance of Atmospheric Oxygen.," TAPPI Journal 62 No. 789-91 (1979).

N.S. Baer and N. Indictor, "Use of the Arrhenius Equation in Multicomponent Systems," Preservation of Papers and Textiles of Historical and Artistic Value, Advances in Chemistry 164, Ed., J.C. Williams, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C. (1977). p.336-351.

H. Bansa, “Accelerated Aging Tests in Conservation Research: Some Ideas for a Future Method,” Restaurator 13 No. 3 149-161 (1992).

H. Bansa and H.-H. Hofer, “Artificial Aging as a Predictor of Paper’s Future Life,” Abbey Newsletter Monograph Supplement 1 (1989).

W.J. Barrow, "'An Accelerated Aging Study of Several Writing Papers': Re-Evaluation of Data," TAPPI Journal 47 105-7 (1964)

W.J. Barrow, "Establishing Least Squares Regression Lines for Data of Aged Paper," TAPPI Journal 45 No. 9 209A-210A (1962)

M. Bilz and D. Grattan, “The Development of an Apparatus for Studying the Effect of Light Exposure on Museum Materials,” ICOM Committee for Conservation 10th Triennial Meeting, Washington, DC, USA, 22-27 August 1993, Preprints 2 559-565 (1993).

M.G. Blank, "Prediction of the Service Life of Paper Containing Polymeric Adhesives," ICOM 5th Triennial Meeting, Zagreb, (1978). Preprints, 78/14/6 8pp.

M.G. Blank, D.M. Flyate, and E.M. Lotsmanova, The Forecasting of the Longevity of Paper, Comparison of Methods. ICOM Committee for Conservation Report 81/14/5. International Council of Museums, Paris (1981).

A.A. Duswalt, "Thermal Analylsis Study of Paper Permanence," In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value, Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington DC (1977). pp. 352-361

D. Erhardt, D. von Endt and W. Hopwood, “The Comparison of Accelerated Aging Conditions Through the Analysis of Artificially Aged Paper,” In Preprints of Papers Presented at the Fifteenth Annual Meeting AIC, Washington, DC (1987). pp. 43-55.

R.L. Feller, Accelerated Aging: Photochemical and Thermal Aspects, J. Paul Getty Trust, California (1994). xvi+275pp.

E.L. Graminski, E.J. Parks, and E.E. Toth, "The Effects of Temperature and Moisture on the Accelerated Aging of Paper.

Summary of a Report Prepared for National Archives and Records Service, Washington, D.C.," Restaurator 2 175-178 (1978).

E.L. Graminski, "The Stress-Strain Behavior of Accelerated and Naturally Aged Papers," TAPPI Journal 53 No.3 406-410 (1970).

E.L. Graminski, E.J. Parks and E.E. Toth, "The Effects of Temperature and Moisture on the Accelerated Aging of Paper," NBSIR 78-1443 (1978). 72pp. Available from NTIS.

G.G. Gray, "An Accelerated Aging Study of Paper Comparing Kinetic Rates vs. TAPPI Standard 453," TAPPI Journal 52 325-34 (1969).

G.G. Gray, "Determination and Significance of Activation Energy in Permanence Tests," In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value, J.C. Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington (1977). pp.286-313.

W.H. Langwell, "Accelerated Aging Tests for Paper," Journal of the Society of Archivists 3 245-8 (1967).

Mead Papers, Accelerated Aging Procedures - - Coated Book Papers .Mead Paper Grapic Arts Technology Bulletin, Vol. 6, No. 1. Mead Papers, Chillicothe, OH (no date).

G.D. Mendenhall, G.B. Kelly, and J.C. Williams, "The Application of Several Empirical Equations to Describe the Change of Properties of Paper on Accelerated Aging," In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value II, J.C. Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington (1981). pp. 177-188.

C. J. Shahani, “Accelerated Aging of Paper: Can it Really Foretell the Permanence of Paper,” Preservation Directorate Library of Congress, Washington D.C. (1995).

W.K. Wilson, J.L Harvey, J. Mandel and T. Worksman, "Accelerated Aging of Record Papers Compared with Normal Aging," TAPPI Journal 38 543-8 (1955).

W.K. Wilson and R.L. Herbert, “Evaluation of the Stability of Record Papers,” TAPPI Journal 52 No. 8 1523-1529, August (1969).

W.K. Wilson and E.J Parks, Comparison of Accelerated Aging of Book Papers in 1937 with 36 Years Natural Aging. NBS Interim Report 74 - 632 . National Bureau of Standards, Washinton (1974). 91pp.

W.K. Wilson and E.J. Parks, "An Analysis of the Ageing of Paper: Possible Reactions and their Effects on Measureable Properties," Restaurator 3 37-61 (1979).

See Also: Paper: Permanence

Paper Testing: Acidity and pH Measurement

Anon., "Surface Determination of pH of Paper," The American Archivist 37 475-477 (1974).

W.J. Barrow, "Hot vs. Cold Extraction Methods for Making a pH Determination," TAPPI Journal 46 No.8 468-472 (1963).

W.M. Boustead, "The Surface pH Measurement and Deacidification of Prints and Drawings in Tropical Climates," Studies in Conservation 9 No. 2 50-57 (1964).

L. Brandis, “A Comparison of Methods Used for Measuring the pH of Paper,” AICCM Bulletin 18 Nos. 3-4 7-17 (1993).

20

R. Durst, "Standardization of pH Measurements," Special Publication No. 260. National Bureau of Standards, Washington DC (1975). viii + 39pp.

J.H. Flynn and L.E. Smith, "Comparative pH Measurements on Paper by Water Extraction and Glass Electrode Spot Tests" TAPPI Journal 44 223-227 (1961).

H. Galster, "Bedeutung des pH-Wertes für die Haltbarkeit von Papieren und ihre Restaurierung: I. Wissentschaftliche Grundlagen," Maltechnik/-Restauro 83 No.2 114-119 (1977); II. Restauratorische Massnahmen," Maltechnik/Restauro 83 No.3 183-186 (1977).

F.L. Hudson and W.D. Milner, "The Use of Flatheaded Glass Electrodes for Measuring the pH of Paper," Svensk Papperstidning 62 No. 3 83-84 (1959).

A. Joel, N. Indictor, J.F. Hanlan and N.S. Baer, "The Measurement and Significance of pH in Paper Conservation," International Institute for Conservation - American Group Bulletin 12 No.2 119-125 (1972).

A. King, A. Pelikan and W.E. Falconer, "The Use of the Archivist's Pen and Universal pH Solution for Estimating the Surface pH of Paper," Studies in Conservation 15 63-64 (1970).

H.F. Launer, "Determination of the pH Value of Papers," Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards 22 553-564 (1939).

National Bureau of Standards, "Standardization of pH Measurements," Special Publication No.260 (1975).

E.J. Parks and R.L. Hebert, A Source of Error in Paper Extract pH Determinations: Contact Between Paper and Reference Electrodes. NBSIR 75 - 915. National Bureau of Standards, Washington (1976).

C.T. Ray, "Flat Electrode Measurement of pH in Printing Papers," TAPPI Journal 55 393-395 (1972).

W.F. Reynolds and W.F. Le, "The Effect of Alum and pH on Sheet Acidity," TAPPI Journal 46 No.7 410-415 (1963).

A. Wilson, pH Meters, Kogan Page, London; Barnes and Noble, New York (1970). 119pp.

Paper Testing: Additives

W.H. Boast and S.W. Trosset, Jr., "A Scheme for the Identification of Binders Generally Used in Mineral Coatings," TAPPI Journal 45 873-877 (1962).

W.H. Boasy and S.W. Trosset, Jr.,"A Scheme for the Identification of Binders Generally Used in Mineral Coatings," TAPPI Journal 45 873-877 (1962).

Paper Testing: Fiber Analysis

G. G. Broderick, J. Poris and J.L. Valade, “Fiber Development in Chemimechanical Pulp Refining,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 4 193-201 (1996).

T. Collings and D. Milner, The Identification of Non-Wood Paper-Making Fibers: Part 1,” The Paper Conservator 3 51-78 (1978).

T. Collings and D. Milner, “The Identification of Non-Wood Paper-Making Fibers: Part 2," The Paper Conservator 4 10-19 (1979).

T. Collings and D. Milner, “The Identification of Non-Wood Paper-Making Fibers: Part 3,” The Paper Conservator 7 24-27 (1979).

W.A. Cote, Papermaking Fibers: A Photomicrographic Atlas. Renewable Materials Institute of the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry and Syracuse University Press, Syracuse (1980). 36 pp.

W.A. Cote, Papermaking Fibers: A Photomicrographic Atlas. Syracuse University Press (1980). xxxvi pp. + 79 plates.

J. Görres, R. Amiri, J.R. Wood, A. Karnis, “The Apparent Density of Sheets Made From Pulp Blends,” TAAPI Journal 79 No. 1 179-187 (1996).

M. Graca Carvalho, P.J. Ferreira, A.A. Martins and A. Margarida Figueiredo, “A Comparative Study of Two Automated Techniques for Measuring Fiber Length,” TAPPI Journal 80 No. 2 137-142 (1997).

I.H. Isenberg, Pulp and Paper Microscopy. Third. Edition, Institute of Paper Chemistry. Appleton, WI (1967). 395pp.

W. Lu, L.A. Carlsson, “Micro-model of Paper. Part 2: Statistical Analysis of t he Paper Structure,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 1 203-210 (1996).

L. Mott, S.M. Shaler, L.H. Groom and B.H. Liang, “The Tensile Testing of Individual Wood Fibers Using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy and Video Image Analysis,” TAPPI Journal 78 No. 5 143-148 (1995).

R.A. Parham and R.L. Gray, The Practical Identification of Wood Pulp Fibers, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, GA (1982). vii+ 212pp.

G. Poles and A. della Giovanna, Analisi Microscopica delle Fibre Naturali Nella Carta, Associazione Tecnica Italiana per la Cellulosa e la Carta (1974). (Includes atlas of photomicrographs)

See Also: Paper Testing: Image Analysis.

Paper Testing: General References

N.S. Baer and N. Indictor, "An Examination of Test Methods for the Evaluation of Papers and Paper Conservation Materials," Études Concernant la Restauration d'Archives, de Livres et de Manuscrits, Archives et Bibliothèques de Belgique, Special Number 12 17-30 (1974).

W.J. Barrow Research Laboratory, Spot testing for unstable modern book and record papers: Permanence/Durability of the Book - - VI . W.J. Barrow Research Laboratory, Richmond, VA (1969). 28pp.

B.L. Browning, Analysis of Paper. Marcel Dekker, New York (1969). ix + 342pp. [Second Edition, 1977]

J. Chiaverina, "Analyse Microscopique des Charges des Papiers" In Les Techniques de Laboratoire dans l'Etude des Manuscrits, Paris, Editions du CNRS (1974). pp. 95-102.

H. Mabuchi, T. Kadokura, and K. Notsu, "Activation Analysis of Traditional Japanese Paper," In International Symposium on the Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Property - Cultural Property and Analytical Chemistry, Y. Emoto and H. Mabuchi, Editors, National Research Institute of Cultural Property, Tokyo (1978).

D.D. Roberson, "Barrow Paper Spot Test," The American Archivist 34 215 (1971).

W.E. Scott, Properties of Paper: An Introduction, in collaboration with S. Trosset, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, Georgia (1989). 170pp.

21

S. Spector, Essays in Paper Analysis, Associated University Press, Toronto (1987). 238pp.

L.C. Tang, "Determination of Iron and Copper in 18th and 19th Century Books by Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy," Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 17 No. 2 19-32 (1978).

W.K. Wilson, "Test Methods for Determining the Effect of Various Treatments on Paper," In Conservation and Restoration of Pictorial Art, N. Brommelle and P. Smith, Editors, Butterworths, London (1976). pp.210-216.

Paper Testing: Image Analysis

J.-P. Bernié, W.J.M, Douglas, “Local Grammage Distribution and Formation of Paper by Light Transmission Image Analysis,” TAPPI Journal 79 No.1 193-202 (1996).

D.Hall and D.J. Pruett, “A statistical Study of Dirt-Count Measurement System Variation Using Optical-Scanner-Based Image Analysis,” TAPPI Journal 79 No.1 189-192 (1996).

C. Zeyer, R.A. Venditti, J.A. Heitmann, “The Effect of Sample Size on the Confidence Interval for Imge Analysis of Impurities in Pulp and Paper,” TAPPI Journal 78 No.2 176-179 (1995).

C. Zeyer, R.A. Venditti, K.W. Puangchinda, J.A. Heitmann, “The Distribution of Impurities in Pulp and Paper: the Effects of the Random Distribution of Impurities on Image Analysis,” TAPPI Journal 78 No.2 168-175 (1995).

Paper Testing: Mechanical Properties

A. Arad, "A Simple Measurement of Torsional Rigidity of Paper," Restaurator 1 69-77 (1969).

A. Arad, "Tear-Resistance Instrument," Restaurator 1 165-176 (1970).

R. Cardwell, L. Lyon, and P. Luner, "Evaluation of a Fold Test Procedure for Paper Aging Studies," TAPPI Journal 55 228-233 (1972).

W.F. Reynolds, "New Aspects of Internal Bonding Strength of Paper," TAPPI Journal 57 No.3 118-120 (1974).

N.L. Salmén, “Mechanical Properties of Wood Fibers and Paper,” In Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications, T.P. Nevell and S.H. Zeronian, Editors, E. Horwood Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, England; and Halsted Press, New York (1985). pp. 505-530.

J. Skowronski, "New Methods for Determining the Tear Mechanism of Paper," Przeglad Papierniczy 31 289-290 (1975). In Polish, AATA 14 2 Winter (1977). 14-890 p.62.

V.R. Snowman, J.M. Genco, N.J.W. Cole, H.B. Kwon and W.J. Miller, “Bond Strength of Oxygen-delignified Kraft Pulps,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 2 103-109 (1999).

J.W. Swanson and E.J. Jones, "Factors Which Affect Strength Properties of Paper," Pulp and Paper Magazine of Canada 63 T251-258 (1962).

J. Weiner and J. Byrne, Stress - Strain Properties of Paper and Fibers , Bibliographic Series No.217, Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin (1965). 130pp.

Paper Testing: Moisture

S.X. Pan, H.T. Davis, L.E. Scriven, “Modeling Moisture Distribution and Binder Migration in Drying Paper Coatings,” TAPPI Journal 78 No. 8 127-143 (1995).

J. Weiner and J. Byrne, Determination of Water (Moisture) in Wood, Pulp, Paper, and Textiles, Second Ed., Bibliographic Series No.160, Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin (1961). 119pp.

J. Weiner and J. Byrne, Hygroexpansivity and Hygroscopicity of Natural and Synthetic Fibers, Bibliographic Series, Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin (1965). 75pp.

W.A. Wink, "The Effect of Relative Humidity and Temperature on Paper Properties," TAPPI Journal 44 No. 6 171A-180A (1961).

Paper Testing: Optical Properties

J.A. Bristow and C. Karipidis, “ISO Brightness of Fluorescent Papers and Indoor Whiteness – Proposal for Illuminant,” TAPPI Journal 80 No. 1 183-193 (1999).

J.P. Deley, R.J. Gigi, A.J. Lioffi “Internal Reflection Spectroscopy of Pigment Coated Papers,” TAPPI Journal 49 No. 8 57A-58A (1966).

M. M. Hey, "The Use of the Scanning Electron Microscope in Document Restoration Problems," Restaurator l No.4 233-244 (1970).

I.H. Isenberg, Pulp and Paper Microscopy, Third Edition, Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, WI (1967). 395pp.

G. Kigle-Boeckler, “Measuring Gloss and Reflection Properties of Surfaces,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 9 194-198 (1996).

M.J. Leskelä, “Optical Calculations for Multi-layer Papers,” TAPPI Journal 78 No.10 167-172 (1996).

N.A. Poirier, I.I. Pikulik, M. Labadie and A. Pageau,” The Effect of pH on the Optical Properties of Paper,” Journal of Pulp and Paper Science 22 No. 11 J419-J423 (1996).

Paper Testing: Physical Properties

J. Chiaverina, "Analyse Microscopique des Charges des Papiers,” In Centre National de la Recherche Scientifiqu, Les Techniques de Laboratoire dans l'Etude des Eanuscrits, Editions du CNRS, Paris (1974). pp.95-102.

R.L. Feller, "Stages in the Deterioration of Organic Materials," In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value, J.C. Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington (1977). pp.314-335.

J. Görres, R. Amini, J.R. Wood and A. Karnis, “The Apparent Density of Sheets Made from Pulp Blonds,” TAPPI Journal 79 No. 1 179-187 (1996).

R.A. Haupt, “Relationship Between Phenol-formaldehyde Resin Chemistry and Paper Saturation,” TAPPI Journal 82 No. 8 132-136 (1999).

H.N. Lee, "Established Methods for Examination of Paper," Technical Studies in the Field of Fine Arts 4 3-14 (1935).

22

H.N. Lee, "Improved Methods for the Examination of Paper," Technical Studies in the Field of Fine Arts 4 93-106 (1935).

D.F. Rogowski “Identification and Elimination of Roughness Patterns in Coated Products,” TAPPI Journal 78 No. 5 189-198 (1995).

D. van der Reyden, "Wax Pick Testing: A Preliminary Study," In Papers Presented at the Art Conservation Training Programs Conference March 26 - 27, 1981 , Conservation Center of the Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, New York (1982). pp.62-73

R.C. Weatherwax and D.F. Caulfield, "The Pore Structure of Papers Wet Stiffened by Formaldehyde Crossling: I. Results from the Water Isotherm," Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 67 No.3 498-505 (1978).

R.C. Weatherwax and D.F. Caulfield, "The Pore Structure of Papers Wet Stiffened by Formaldehyde Crossling: II. Results from Nitrogen Sorption," Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 67 No.3 506-515 (1978).

Paper Testing: TAPPI Standards

Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, TAPPI Standards and Suggested Methods, TAPPI Press, Atlanta, (individual standards revised periodically).

TAPPI Journal, “Laboratory Processing of Pulp (Beater Method),” T 200 om-89.

TAPPI Journal, “Alpha, Beta and Gamma-Cellulose in Pulp,” T 203 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, “Forming Handsheets for Physical Testing of Pulp,” T 205 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, “Physical Testing of Pulp Handsheets,” T 220 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, “Laboratory Beating of Pulp (PFI Mill Method),” T 248 cm-85.

TAPPI Journal, “Bursting Strength of Paper,” T 403 om-85. 4pp.

TAPPI Journal, “Tensile Breaking Strength and Elongation of Paper and Paperboard (Using Pendulum-Type Tester),” T 404 om-87.

TAPPI Journal, “Reducible Sulfur in Paper and Paperboard,” T 406 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, "Thickness (Caliper) of Paper, Paperboards, and Combined Board," T411 om-89. 3pp.

TAPPI Journal, “Internal Tearing Resistance of Paper (Elmendorf-Type Method),” T414 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, “Starch in Paper,” T419 om-85.

TAPPI Journal, “Qualitative Analysis of Mineral Filler and Mineral Coating of Paper,” T 421 om-83.

TAPPI Journal, “Folding Endurance of Paper (Schopper Type Tester)," T 423 om-89.

TAPPI Journal, “Opacity of Paper (15%/Diffuse Illuminant A, 89% Reflectance Backing and Paper Backing)," T 425 om-86.

TAPPI Journal, “Hot Water Extractable Acidity or Alkalinity of Paper,” T 428 pm-85.

TAPPI Journal, “Alpha-Celluslose in Paper,” T 429 cm-84.

TAPPI Journal, “Copper Number of Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard," T 430 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, “Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH) of Paper Extracts (Hot Extraction Method)," T 435 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, “Water Absorptiveness of Sized (Non-Bibulous). paper and Paperboard (Cobb Test)," T 441 om-90.

TAPPI Journal, “Flexural Properties of Paper (Clark Stiffness),” T 451 cm-84.

TAPPI Journal, “Brightness of Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard (Directional reflectance at 457 nm)," T 452 om-87.

TAPPI Journal, “Degree of Curl and Sizing of Paper,” T 466 cm-82.

TAPPI Journal, “Edge Tearing Resistance of Paper (Edge-tear Stirrup Method)," T 470 om-86.

TAPPI Journal, “Abrasion Loss of Paper and Paperboard,” T 476 om- 84.

TAPPI Journal, “Smoothness of Paper (Bekk Method),” T 479 om-86.

TAPPI Journal, “Specular Gloss of Paper and Paperboard at 75 Degrees,” T 480 om-90.

TAPPI Journal, “Tensile Breaking Properties of Paper and Paperboard (Using Constant Rate of Elongation Apparatus)," T 494 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, “Equilibrium Relative Humidity of Paper and Paperboard,” T 502 om-89.

TAPPI Journal, “Glue in Paper (Qualitative and Quantitative Determination),” T 504 om-89, Vol. I (1991).

TAPPI Journal, “Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH) of Paper Extracts (Cold Extraction Method)," T 509 om-88, Vol.1, Atlanta (1991).

TAPPI Journal, “Folding Endurance of Paper (MIT Tester)," T 511 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, “Surface pH Measurement of Paper (An Alternative to TAPPI Test T 509 om-88)," TAPPI Test Number T 529 om-88, Provisional Method-1974, Official Method-1982, Revised-1988.

TAPPI Journal, “Smoothness of Paper and Paperboard (Sheffield Method),” T 538 om-88.

TAPPI Journal, “Effects of Moist Heat on Properties of Paper and Paperboard,” T 544 pm-85.

Paper Testing: Thermal Analysis

R.D. Cardwell and P. Luner, "Thermogravimetric Analysis of Pulps III: TGA Profiles," In Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value, J.C. Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC (1977). pp. 362-381.

R.D. Cardwell and P. Luner, "Thermogravimetric Analysis of Pulps IV: Thermal Stability Indices," In Preservation of Paper and Textiles

23

of Historic and Artistic Value, J.C. Williams, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington (1977). pp. 382-396.

R.L. Hebert, M. Tryon and W.K. Wilson, "Differential Thermal Analysis of Some Papers and Carbohydrate Materials," TAPPI Journal 52 No.6 1183-1188 (1969).

Paper: Yellowing

A.L. Andrady and N.D. Searle. “Photoyellowing of Mechanical Pulps; Part 2: Activation Spectra for Light-induced Yellowing of Newsprint Paper by Polychromatic Radiation,” TAPPI Journal 78 No. 5 131-138 (1995).

A.L. Andrady, Y. Song, V.R. Parthasarathy, K. Fueki and A. Torikai, “Photoyellowing of Mechanical Pulp: Part I: Examining the Wavelength Sensitivity of Light-induced Yellowing Using Monochromatic Radiation,” TAPPI Journal 74 No. 8 162-168 (1991).

A.L. Bailey and L.J. Lamont, “A Standard Procedure for Accelerated Testing and Measurement of Yellowing by Light in Paper Containing Lignin,” TAPPI Journal 76 No. 9 175-180 (1993).

R.L. Feller, "Comments on the Measurement of 'Yellowness' in Pulp and Paper," In The Book and Paper Group Annual 6, AIC Book and Paper Group, Washington (1987). pp. 40-51.

V. Mailly, J.F. Le Nest, M. Serra Tosio and J. Silvy, “Yellowing of Coated Papers Under the Action of Heat, Daylight Radiation, and Nitrogen Oxide Gas,” TAPPI Journal 80 No. 5 176-183 (1997).

J. O’Neill, “The Effect of pH on the Yellowing of Lignin-Containing Papers,” In Papers Presented by Trainees at the Art Conservation Training Programs Conference April (1979). pp. 139-154.

Parchment and Vellum

J. Abt and M.A. Fusco, "A Byzantine Scholar's Letter on the Preparation of Manuscript Vellum," Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 28 61-66 (1989).

AIC Book and Paper Group Paper Conservation Catalog: Chapter 19, Parchment and Vellum, AIC, Washington (1994).

H. Band & Co., Introducing H. Band & Co. Ltd., H. Band, Brentfor, Middlesex, England (no date) 8 pp.

H. Fahey and P. Fahey, Parchment and Vellum, Published by the Authors, San Francisco, CA (1940). 28pp + mounted samples.

J.B. Poole and R. Reed, "The Preparation of Leather and Parchment by the Dead Sea Scrolls Community," Technology and Culture 3 1-26 (1962).

R. Reed, Ancient Skins, Parchments, and Leathers. Seminar Press, New York (1973). 331 pp.

M.L. Reyder, "Parchment--Its History, Manufacture, and Composition," In Library Conservation: Preservation in Perspective, J.P. Barker and M.C. Soroka, Editors, Dowden, Hutchinson, and Ross, Stroudsburg, PA (1978). pp.85-90 (Reprinted from: Journal of the Society of Archivists, 1964).

H. Saxl, An Investigation of the Qualities, the Methods of Manufacture and the Preservation of Historic Parchment and Vellum with a Veiw to Identifying the Animal Species Used, Masters' Thesis, University of Leeds, Department of Leather Industries. Leeds, England (1954).

Philatelic Conservation

A.J. Barnes, "A Novel Application of FMIR-Identification of Stamp Adhesives," Instrument News 21 No.1 l (1970).

C.F. Bridgman, "The Use of Radiation in Philately and in Examination of Paintings," In The Science of Ionizing Radiation, L.E. Etter, Editor, C.C. Thomas, Springfield, IL (1965). pp.655-681.

C.F. Bridgman, "Radiography in Art and Science," Chemistry 39 No.12 19-27 (1966). C. Cappadona and E. Lanzaro, "Beta Radiography and Some of Its Applications," Atti della Accademia di Scienze 29 211-222 (1968/1969).

T.O. Taylor, “Protective Plastic Films in Philately: How Do We Find the Right Stuff?” The American Philatelist 234-236 (1988.)

E.T. Theimer, "The 9 Kreuzer Blue of 1850 on Horizontal Laid Paper - Genuine or Forgery?" The Collectors Club Philatelist 56 148-154, 171 (1977).

C.H. Werenskiold, "Color in Philately," The Posthorn 32 No.4 81-91 (1975).

Photography: Chemistry and Conservation

Anon., "Restoring Faded Photographs," Defender Trade Bulletin (ca. 1940).

H. Baines, The Science of Photography, Third Edition, Halstead Press, J. Wiley and Sons, New York (1969). 318pp.

A.D. Baynes-Cope, “The Dismounting of Bry Mounted Photographic Prints,” Restaurator 2 No. 1 (1972).

P. Bunnell, Editor, Non-Silver Printing Processes, Arno Press, New York (1973). 349pp.

J.M. Calhoun, “Storage of Nitrate Amateur Still Camera Film Negatives,” Journal of the Biological Photograph Association 21 No. 3, August (1953).

Centre de Recherches sur la Conservation des Documents Graphiques, Les Documents Graphiques et Photographiques: Analyse et Conservation, Archives Nationales, Paris (1993). 252pp.

R.M. Chatters and C. Jacobs, "Recovery of Faded Photography by Nuclear Techniques," Photographic Applications in Science, Technology and Medicine 26-27,47 January (1970).

J. Clark, "Computer Image Processing of the Huntsville Depot Photograph," APT Bulletin 11 No.1 13-16 (1979).

L.P. Clerc, Photography, Theory and Practice, D.A. Spencer, Editor, Focal Press, London (1970). 2 volumes.

J.I. Crabtree and G.E. Matthews, “Stains in Negatives and Prints,” In Photographic Chemicals and Solutions, American Photographic Publishing Company, Boston (1939). Chapter XI.

G.T. Eaton, Photographic Chemistry in Black and White and Color Photography, Fourth Revised Edition, Morgan and Morgan, Dobbs Ferry, NY (1965). 128pp.

24

J.L. Enyeart, "Reviving a Daguerreotype," The Photographic Journal 110 No. 9 338-344 (1970).

A.T. Gill, Photographic Processes, A Glossary and Chart for Recognition, Museum Association Information Sheet No. 21, Museums Association, London (1978). 10pp.

P. Glafkides, Photographic Chemistry, Fountain Press, London (1958). volumes 1 and 2.

G. Haist, Modern Photographic Processing, J. Wiley and Sons, New York (1979). 2 volumes.

K. Hendriks, "Preserving Photographic Records: Materials, Problems and Methods of Restoration," Industrial Photography 27 No.8 30-33 (1978).

K.B. Hendriks, and B. Lesser, “Disaster Preparedness and Recovery: Photographic Materials,” American Archivist 46 52-68 Winter (1983).

R. Hunt, Researches on Light in its Chemical Relations; Embracing a Consideration of All the Photographic Processes, London (1854). vii + 303pp.

L. Jacobson and W.E. Leyshon, "The Daguerreian Measles Mystery," Graphic Antiquarian 14-15 (1974).

B.E. Jones, Editor, Cassel’s Cyclopaedia of Photography, Cassel, London (1911). 572pp + 48 plates.

H.P. Jones, "Enhancement of Historic Photographs," APT Bulletin 11 No.1 4-12 (1979).

D. Kach, "Photographic Dilemna: Stability and Storage of Color Materials," Industrial Photography 27 No.8 28-29,46 (1978).

K.S. Lyalikov, Chemistry of Photographic Mechanisms, Translation of the Russian 1960 Edition, Focal Press, New York (1967). 355pp.

J. Manilla, "The Good Old Days of Nitrate Film Stock," Industrial Photography November (1977). pp.39-42.

J. Manning, "A Roundup of the Best in Color Films," New York Times 5 August (1979).

M.H. McCormick-Goodhart, “The Allowable Temperature and Relative Humidity Range for Safe Use and Storage of Photographic Materials,” The Journal of the Society of Archivists 17 No. 1 7-21 (1996).

C.E.K. Mees, The Theory of the Photographic Process, Third Edition, T.H. James, Editor, McMillan Company, New York (1966). xi + 591pp.

I. Moor, "The Ambrotype - Research Into Its Restoration and Conservation," The Paper Conservator 1 22-25 (1976); and The Paper Conservator 2 36-43 (1977). Note: See errata for Part 1 in Part 2.

E. Ostroff, "Early Fox Talbot Photographs and Restoration by Neutron Activation," The Journal of Photographic Science 13 213-227 (1965).

E. Ostroff, "Restoration of Photographs by Neutron Activation," Science 154 No.3745 119-123, October (1966).

E. Ostroff, "Talbot's Earliest Extant Print, June 20, 1835, Rediscovered," Photographic Science and Engineering 10 No.6 350-354 (1966).

C. Paine, Editor, Standards in the Museum Care of Photographic Collections, Museum and Galleries Commission, London (1996). 76pp.

I. Pobboravsky, "Daguerreotype Preservation: The Problems of Tarnish Removal," Technology and Conservation 3 No.2 40-45 (1978).

S.F. Ray, Editor, Photographic Chemistry and Processing, Techinical Pocket Book Series, Focal Press, London, Oxford (1994). v + 434pp.

B.F. Reilly, Photographic Preservation and the Research Library, J. Porro, Editor, Research Libraries Group, Mountain View, CA (1991). 56pp.

S. Rempel, "The Conservation of Case Photographs," Archivaria 3 103-108 Winter (1976-1977).

S. Rempel, "A Conservation Method for Nitrate-Based Photographic Materials," The Paper Conservator 2 44-46 (1977).

M. Roosa, Preservation Packet: Care, Handling and Storage of Photographs, IFLA-PAC, Washington, DC (1992). Portfolio (89pp booklet + 5 sheets).

H.H. Snelling, "The Difficulties of the Art," The Photographic Art Journal 1 No.1 31-37 (1851).

G.W. Stroke, M. Halioua, V. Srinivasan and M. Shinoda, “Retrieval of Good Images from Accidentally Blurred Photographs,” Science 189 261-263 25 July (1975).

A. Swan, “Conservation Treatments for Photographs - A Review of Some of the Problems, Literature and Practices,” Image 21 No. 2 24-31, June (1978).

A. Swan, C.E. Fiori and K.F.J. Heinreich, “Daguerreotypes: A Study of the Plates and the Process,” Scanning Electron Microscope (1979).

T. Tani, Photographic Sensitivity: Theory and Mechanisms, Oxford University Press, NY (1995). 254pp.

Time-Life Books, Editors, Caring for Photographs, Time-Life Books, New York (1972). 192pp.

C. Van Ravensway, "An Improved Method for the Restoration of Daguerreotypes," Image 5 No.7 158 (1956).

D. Vestal, "Are Your Prints Fading Away," Popular Photography 64 No.4 67-68,106-109 (1969).

E.J. Wall, A Dictionary of Photography, Scovill and Adams, New York (1889). c. 700pp.

R.A. Weinstein and L. Booth, Collection, Use and Care of Historical Photographs, American Association for State and Local History, Nashville, TN (1977). 224pp.

A. Weissberger, "A Chemist's View of Color Photography," American Scientist 58 No.6 648-660 (1970).

W. West, “The Formation of the Photographic Latent Image,” Image 29 No. 2, June (1960).

H. Wilhelm, Procedures for Processing and Storing Black and White Photographs for Maximum Possible Permanence, Revised Edition, East Street Gallery, Grinnell, IA (1970). 33pp.

H. Wilhelm, The Permanence and Care of Color Photographs: Traditional and Digital Color Prints, Color Negatives, Slides and Motion Pictures, Preservation Publishing, Grinnell, IA (1993). i + 744pp.

25

W.K. Wilson and J.L. Gear, Care of Books, Documents, Prints and Films, NBS Consumer Information Series 5, National Bureau of Standards, Washingtion, DC (1971). 16pp.

See also publication: Kodak Tech Bits.

Photography: History

A. Bisbee, The History and Practice of Daguerreotyping (1853); Reprint, Arno Press, New York (1973). 104pp.

T. Bolas, A Handbook of Photography in Colors, E. & H.T. Anthony, New York and Chicago (1900). vii + 250pp.

C.H. Bothamley, The Ilford Manual of Photography, Ilford, London (date unknown). 232pp.

P.C. Bunnell, Editor, Nonsilver Printing Processes: Four Selections, 1886-1927, Arno Press, New York (1973). 4 volumes.

W.H. Burbank, Photographic Printing Methods, Arno Press, New York (1973). 225pp. [Reprint of the 1891 Edition]

N.G. Burgess, The Photograph Manual (1862); Reprint, Arno Press, New York (1973). 267pp. [First printed in 1862 under the title The Ambrotype Manual.]

L.P. Clerc, Photography, Theory and Practice; Being an English Edition of "La Technique Photographique, G.E. Brown, Editor, Second Edition, Pitman, New York (1937). xv + 590pp.

W. Crawford, The Keepers of Light: A History and Working Guide to Early Photographic Processes, Morgan & Morgan, Dobbs Ferry, New York (1979).

L.J.M. Daguerre, An Historical and Descriptive Account of the Various Processes of the Daguerreotype and the Diorama, Introduction by B. Newhall (1839); Facsimile Reprint, Winter House, New York (1971). 282pp.

F. Dillaye, La Theorie, La Pratique et l'Art en Photographie (1891); Reprint, Arno Press, New York (1979). 399pp.

J.M. Eder, History of Photography, Translated by E. Epstean (1945); Reprint, Dover, New York (1978). xx + 860pp.

J.M. Eder, Quellenschriften zu den frühesten Anfangen der Photographie bis zum XVIII Jahrhundert (1913); Reprint, Arno Press, New York (1979). 187pp.

Focal Press, The Focal Encyclopedia of Photography, Revised Edition, McGraw, New York (1969). xi + 1699pp.

J.S. Friedman, History of Color Photography, Second Edition with an Introduction and Appendix by L.E. Varden, Focal Press, London (1968). xvi + 565pp.

H. Gernsheim and A. Gernsheim, The History of Photography, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York (1969). 599pp.

H. Gernsheim, A Concise History of Photography, Grosset & Dunlap, New York (1965). 314pp.

H. Gernsheim, L.J.M. Daguerre; The History of the Diorama and the Daguerreotype, Dover, New York (1968). xxii + 226pp.

J. Paul Getty Museum, Photography, Discovery and Invention, J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu, CA (1990). 116pp.

A.T. Gill, The Daguerreotype, Royal Photographic Society, London (1974). Offprint.

A.T. Gill, "Photographic Processes, a Glossary and a Chart for Recognition," Museums Association Information Sheet No.21, Museums Association, London (1978). Offprint.

H.I. Gross, Antique and Classic Cameras, American Photographic Book Publishing, New York (1965). 192pp.

M. Harker, The Gelatino-Halide Emulsion Printing Processes, Royal Photographic Society, London (1974). Offprint.

W.J. Harrison, A History of Photography, Written as a Practical Guide and an Introduction to its Latest Developments, Arno Press, New York (1973). 136pp. [Reprint of the 1887 Edition]

T.C. Hepworth, Evening Work for Amateur Photographers, Arno Press, New York (1973). iv + 217pp. [Reprint of the 1890 Edition]

L.L. Hill, A Treatise on Daguerreotype; Parts I, II and IV by Levi Hill, Part II by W. McCartey, Jr., Arno Press, New York (1973). 3 volumes [Reprint of the 1850 Edition]

L.L. Hill, A Treatise on Heliochromy; or, The Production of Pictures by Means of Light, in Natural Colors... with an Introduction by W.B. Becker, Carnation Press, College Park, PA (1972). xii + 175pp. [Facsimile Reprint of the 1856 Edition]

S.D. Humphrey, American Handbook of the Daguerreotype, Arno Press, New York (1973). 214pp. [Reprint of the 1858 Edition]

R. Hunt, A Manual of Photography (1853); Reprint, Arno Press, New York (1973). x + 321pp.

R. Hunt, A Popular Treatise on the Art of Photography with an Introduction and Notes by J.Y. Tong, University Press, Athens, Ohio (1973). ixx + viii +96pp. [Reprint of the 1841 Edition]

G.L. Johnson, Photography in Colours, Third Revised Edition, G. Routledge, London (1916). xiv + 302pp + 14 leaves of plates.

B.E. Jones, Editor, Cassell's Cyclopaedia of Photography, Arno Press, New York (1973). 572pp + 48 plates. [Reprint of the 1911 Edition]

H.C. Jones, Photography of To-day: A Popular Account of the Origin, Progress and Latest Discoveries in the Photographer's Art, Told in Non-Technical Language, Seeley Service, London (1913).

N.M.P. Lerebours, A Treatise on Photography (pre-1850); Reprint, Arno Press, New York (1973). xix + 216pp.

E. Lietze, Modern Heliographic Processes; A Manual of Instruction in the Art of Reproducing Drawings..., by the Action of Light..., D. Van Nostrand, New York (1888). viii + 143pp.

H. Maclean, Photography for Artists (1896); Reprint, Arno Press, New York (1973). 152pp.

O. Mathews, Early Photographs and early Photographers: A Survey in Dictionary Form, Reedminster Publications, London (1973). vlii + 198pp.

C.K. Mees, From Dry Plates to Ektachrome Film, Ziff and Davis, New York (1961). 312pp.

B. Newhall, The Daguerreotype in America, Third Revised Edition, Dover, New York (1976). 175pp + 48 leaves of plates.

B. Newhall, The History of Photography, From 1839 to the Present Day, Museum of Modern Art, New York (1964). 215pp.

26

B. Newhall, Photography, A Short Critical History, Museum of Modern Art, New York (1938). 220pp.

J.P. Ourden, The Art of Retouching, by Burrows and Colton, Revised by J.P. Ourden, Arno Press, New York (1973). [Reprint of the 1880 Edition]

G. Potonniee, The History of the Discovery of Photography, Translated by E. Epstean (1936); Reprint, Arno Press, New York (1973). x + 272pp.

J. Reilly, The Albumen and Salted Paper Book, Light Impressions, Rochester, NY (1979). 133pp.

H.P. Robinson, The Art and Practice of Silver Printing (1881); Reprint, Arno Press, New York (1973). 128pp.

H.H. Snelling, The History and Practice of the Art of Photography, Introduction by B. Newhall, Morgan & Morgan, Hastings-on-Hudson, New York (1970). vii + 139pp + viii.

R.A. Sobieszek, Editor, The Collodion Process and the Ferrotype: Three Accounts, 1854-1872, Arno Press, New York (1973). 100 + 27 + 80 + plates.

R.A. Sobieszek, The Daguerreotype Process: Three Treatises, 1840-1849, Arno Press, New York (1973). 12 + 16 + 81.

R. Taft, Photography and the American Scene, Dover, New York (c. 1938). x + 546pp.

E. Thersen, “The History of Nitrocellulose as a Film Base,” Journal of the SMPTE 259-262, March (1933).

D.B. Thomas, The Collodion Process, Royal Photographic Society, London, n.d. Offprint.

J. Towler, The Silver Sunbeam, Introduction by B. Newhall, Morgan & Morgan, Hastings-on-Hudson, New York (1969). 351pp. [Facsimile Reprint of the 1864 Edition]

E. de Valicourt, Nouveau manuel complet de photographie sur métal, sur papier et sur verre...Précédé d'un résumé historique et critique sur l'origine et les progrès de la photographie (1862); Reprint, Laget, Paris (1977).

J. Waterhouse, The Beginnings of Photography – A Chapter in the History of the Development of Photography with the Salts of Silver, In Smithsonian Report for 1903, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1904). pp. 333-361.

K.T. Weiss, Handbuch der Wasserzeichenkunde, Leipzig (1962).

A.H. Wall, A Manual of Artistic Colouring, As Applied to Photographs, Arno Press, New York (1973). viii + 266pp. [Reprint of the 1861 Edition]

E.J. Wall, The History of Three-Color Photography, Focal Press, London (1970). 747pp. [Reprint of the 1925 Edition]

J. Werge, The Evolution of Photography, Arno Press, New York (1973). viii + 312pp.

W.T. Wilkinson, Photo-Engraving, Photo-Etching and Photo-Lithography, E.L. Wilson, New York (1888). 188pp.

C.H. Wills, The Woodburytype and Carbon Printing Processes as Used in Book Illustration in the Victorian Era, Royal Photographic Society, London (1973). Offprint.

E.L. Wilson, The American Carbon Manual, Arno Press, New York (1973). 100pp. [Reprint of the 1868 Edition]

E.L. Wilson, Wilson's Photographics, Arno Press, New York (1973). 366pp. [Reprint of the 1881 Edition]

Sound

Anon., “Combat Recorder,” Radio-Craft October (1944). p. 16.

Anon., “Archive of Sound Opens in London After Facelift,” New York Times 5 July (1987).

G. Boston, “Survey of Endangered Audio Carriers,” International Preservation News 14 6-8, May (1997).

M-F. Calas and J-M. Fontaine, La Conservation des Documents Sonores, CNRS Editions, Paris (1996). 203pp.

A. Kozinn, “The Perils of Putting Old Disks on CD,” New York Times 5 July (1987).

G. St-Laurent, The Care and Handling of Recorded Sound Materials. <http://palimpsest.stanford.edu:80/byauth/st-laurent/care.html>

Watermarks

W.A. Churchill, Watermarks in Paper in Holland, England, France, Etc., in the XVII and XVIII Centuries Menno Hertzberger & Company, Amsterdam (1935). 94pp + cdxxxii plates.

G. Eidener, The Ancient Paper-Mills of the Former Austro-Hungarian Empire and their Watermarks Hiversum, Netherlands, The Paper Publications Society (1960). xcix+182pp + 452 plates.

T. Gerardy, Datieren mit Hilfe von Wasserzeichen Bückenburg (1964). 107pp + 50 plates.

T. Gravell, “Reproducing Watermarks for Study,” Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society 82 Part 2 343-349 October (1972).

T. Gravell, "A New Method of Reproducing Watermarks for Study," Restaurator 2 95-104 (1975).

T. Gravell and G. Miller, A Catalogue of American Watermarks, 1690-1835 Garland Publishing, Inc., New York (1979). xxiii + 230pp.

F. del Marmol, Dictionnaire des Filigranes, J.G. Namur, Paris (1900). xiv + 192pp.

E. Midoux and A. Matton, Étude sur les Filigranes des Papiers Employés en France, Dumoulin et Claudin, Paris (1868).167pp.

S. Watkins, “Chemical Watermarking on Paper,” Journal of the American Institute for Conservation 29 117-131 (1990).

J. Weiner and K. Mirkes, Editors, Watermarking, Bibliographic Series No.257, Institute of Paper Chemistry, Appleton, Wisconsin (1972). iv + 102pp.

C.H. Werenskiold, "The History of Watermarking," The Posthorn 33 No.1 1-9 (1976).

27