Adding Hypermedia Requirement to Adding Hypermedia Requirement to Goal-Driven AnalysisGoal-Driven Analysis

Presented by Chin-Yi TsaiPresented by Chin-Yi Tsai

2

OutlineOutline IntroductionIntroduction

Related WorkRelated Work

AWARE: AWARE: AAnalysis of nalysis of WWeb eb AApplication pplication REREquirementquirement

Application ExamplesApplication Examples

From Requirements to Hypermedia DesignFrom Requirements to Hypermedia Design

Reusing Requirements for UsabilityReusing Requirements for Usability

Validating the AWARE ModelValidating the AWARE Model

ConclusionConclusion

3

IntroductionIntroduction Requirement analysis for web application still Requirement analysis for web application still

needs to employ effective RE practices to needs to employ effective RE practices to accommodate some distinctive aspects:accommodate some distinctive aspects: Capturing high-level communication goalCapturing high-level communication goal Considering several user profileConsidering several user profile Defining hypermedia-specific requirementDefining hypermedia-specific requirement Reusing requirements for effective usability evaluationReusing requirements for effective usability evaluation

4

Introduction (cont’d)Introduction (cont’d) In this paper, defining In this paper, defining hypermedia requirementshypermedia requirements for for

web applicationweb application contentcontent navigationnavigation presentationpresentation

The model adopts a The model adopts a goal-drivengoal-driven approach coupled approach coupled with with scenario-basedscenario-based techniques, introduces a techniques, introduces a hypermedia hypermedia requirement taxonomyrequirement taxonomy to facilitate web to facilitate web conceptual designconceptual design

i* frameworkGoal-driven approach

Scenario-based tech.

5

Introduction (cont’d)Introduction (cont’d) Modern web application are basically merging two Modern web application are basically merging two

interactive paradigmsinteractive paradigms The hypermedia-style of interactionThe hypermedia-style of interaction

User-centered designUser-centered design ill-defined user tasksill-defined user tasks Content and navigation architectureContent and navigation architecture

The transactional-style of interactionThe transactional-style of interaction Low-granularity user taskLow-granularity user task User-systems data exchangeUser-systems data exchange Sequential interaction modelingSequential interaction modeling

6

Related WorkRelated Work i* frameworki* framework

non functionalnon functional

KAOSKAOS Informal, semi-formal, formalInformal, semi-formal, formal

GBRAMGBRAM Provides effective support for the elaboration and Provides effective support for the elaboration and

pruning of goal for pruning of goal for web-based information systemsweb-based information systems by by coupling goal-oriented analysis with scenario-based coupling goal-oriented analysis with scenario-based techniquestechniques

7

AWARE: AWARE: AAnalysis of nalysis of WWeb eb AApplication pplication REREquirementquirement

AWAREAWARE model offers simple primitives enabling to model offers simple primitives enabling to document and specify hypermedia requirementdocument and specify hypermedia requirement

i*i* provides constructs to model provides constructs to model actorsactors and their and their dependenciesdependencies with respect to their goals and with respect to their goals and tasks.tasks.

AWARE introduces a AWARE introduces a requirement taxonomyrequirement taxonomy to to bind requirements to hypermedia conceptual bind requirements to hypermedia conceptual design and help organize the design activity design and help organize the design activity accordingly.accordingly.

8

i*i* extended meta-model for hypermedia web extended meta-model for hypermedia web applicationapplication

Stakeholder (i* actor)Stakeholder (i* actor) Stakeholder (i* actor) priorityStakeholder (i* actor) priority GoalGoal TaskTask Goal RelevanceGoal Relevance RequirementRequirement

i* ActorDelegatedGoal

Task Goal

Requirement

9

Requirement TaxonomyRequirement Taxonomy ContentContent

Present details for each paintingPresent details for each painting Structure of contentStructure of content

In the museum presentation, highlight the historical value of the In the museum presentation, highlight the historical value of the buildingbuilding

Access paths to contentAccess paths to content Allow accessing paintings by authorAllow accessing paintings by author

NavigationNavigation Relate visits information to restaurant and hotel services availableRelate visits information to restaurant and hotel services available

PresentationPresentation Present a young style for teenagers in the Kids sectionPresent a young style for teenagers in the Kids section

User operationUser operation Subscribe to a mailing listSubscribe to a mailing list

System operationSystem operation Update recommendations every five user sessionsUpdate recommendations every five user sessions

InteractionInteraction Provide the user with a interactive 3D model of a representative Provide the user with a interactive 3D model of a representative

work of artwork of art

10

To refine a requirement to the point where exactly To refine a requirement to the point where exactly one dimension can be assigned to it.one dimension can be assigned to it.

Dimension can help organize design activity.Dimension can help organize design activity.

Given the initial set of requirements, designers can Given the initial set of requirements, designers can read requirements read requirements by dimensionsby dimensions, , by by stakeholderstakeholder, or , or by goalby goal..

11

In order to facilitate the elicitation and refinement In order to facilitate the elicitation and refinement process user process user scenariosscenarios may complement goal may complement goal analysis.analysis.

12

Application ExamplesApplication Examples The web site of an Italian supplier of silver-made The web site of an Italian supplier of silver-made

artifactsartifacts

The two main stakeholders for the web siteThe two main stakeholders for the web site The firm itself (represented by the president)The firm itself (represented by the president) One user profile corresponding to the typical B-sliver One user profile corresponding to the typical B-sliver

clientclient

13

Goals of the FirmGoals of the Firm Attract new clientsAttract new clients Facilitate contactsFacilitate contacts communicate corporate identitycommunicate corporate identity

14

Analysis of the “Attract New Clients”Analysis of the “Attract New Clients”

15

Analysis of “Facilitate Contacts” Analysis of “Facilitate Contacts”

16

Analysis of “Communicate Corp. Identity”Analysis of “Communicate Corp. Identity”

17

User’s GoalUser’s Goal

18

Analyszing user’s GoalAnalyszing user’s Goal

19

From Requirements to Hypermedia DesignFrom Requirements to Hypermedia Design AWARE lends itself particularly well for a AWARE lends itself particularly well for a

systematic design approach, because it organizes systematic design approach, because it organizes requirement in requirement in hypermedia taxonomyhypermedia taxonomy..

Designers read the requirements set of B-silver by Designers read the requirements set of B-silver by dimension, and were facilitated in planning the dimension, and were facilitated in planning the design activity.design activity.

AWARE specification allowed designers to take AWARE specification allowed designers to take decisions based on the high-level goal of the decisions based on the high-level goal of the application.application.

20

Reusing Requirements for UsabilityReusing Requirements for Usability Usability evaluationUsability evaluation aims at augmenting the quality aims at augmenting the quality

of the user experience.of the user experience.

Usability evaluation methods for the web usually Usability evaluation methods for the web usually blend different variants of two basic approaches:blend different variants of two basic approaches: Expert review (usability inspection)Expert review (usability inspection) User testingUser testing

21

Usability Inspection MatrixUsability Inspection Matrix

22

Validating the AWARE ModelValidating the AWARE ModelModel evaluation

Document evaluation

Level of agreement:•Strongly Agree•Agree•Disagree•Strongly disagree

23

24

ConclusionConclusion Starting from the Starting from the i* frameworki* framework, this paper , this paper

introduces a novel proposal to analyze, organize introduces a novel proposal to analyze, organize and document requirement for and document requirement for hypermedia-hypermedia-intensiveintensive web applications, making use of web applications, making use of goalgoal and and scenario-basedscenario-based techniques. techniques.