adaptive waveform design for full spectral dominance ...nehorai/muri/kickoff/overview.pdf ·...
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aveform design
MURI - Kickoff Meeting
Adaptive Waveform Design for FullSpectral Dominance∗
Project OverviewArye Nehorai
∗ Supported by AFOSR
June 2, 2005
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to:
• Dr. Jon Sjogren, program manager.• Panel members.• DoD employees.• The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR).
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aveform design
Team Members
University of Illinois at ChicagoArye Nehorai (PI)
Danilo Erricolo
Arizona State UniversityDarryl Morrell Antonia Papandreou-Suppappola
Harvard University University of MarylandNavin Khaneja John Benedetto
Princeton University Purdue UniversityRobert Calderbank Mark Bell Mike Zoltowski
University of Melbourne Raytheon Missile SystemsWilliam Moran∗ Harry Schmitt∗
∗ Independently funded
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Team Members (Cont.)
We have:
• 11 co-PIs, including 2 independently funded.• 6 funded universities.• 1 independently funded university.• 1 independently funded industry.
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Background and Motivation
Conventional sensing and communication systems:
• Use fixed transmitted waveforms.
• Focus on receiver design.
• Operate in open-loop independently of the environment.
Hence, the system performance can be severely limited.
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Background and Motivation (Cont.)
Recent advances in technology:• New sensor information processing.• New hardware:
– Low-noise linear amplifiers.– Arbitrary waveform generators.– Programmable vector modulators.
• Makes feasible real-time waveform selection implementedpulse-to-pulse, subarray-to-subarray.
These motivate interest in adaptive waveform design anddynamic scheduling with potential dramatic improvements inperformance.
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Background and Motivation (Cont.)
The Chesapeake Beach Radar Facility of NRL (system functionalities include independenttransmit and receive elements, rapid polarization, PRI, and waveform agility).
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Research Overview
We propose a synergistic and multi-disciplinary re-search on adaptive waveform diversity design to sub-stantially increase:
• Radar systems resolution, detection andaccuracy.
• Communication systems capacity.
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Research Overview (Cont.)
Waveform diversities: To obtain the best performance, we willexploit diversities in multiple dimensions, including:
• Time• Space• Frequency• Phase• Power• Polarization
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Research Overview (Cont.)
Performance measures: We will define them to fit the systemoperation modes:
• Detection: probability of detection, given false alarm rate.• Classification: Kullback-Leibler information number.• Estimation: Cramér-Rao bounds and ambiguity functions.• Tracking: predicted mean square tracking error and
length of false tracks.• Communication: bit error rate (BER), frame error rate
(FER), and outage capacity.
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Research Overview (Cont.)We propose adaptive design: at each time sample, thesystem:
• Generates a set of parameterized waveforms.• Estimates the environment model based on the data.• Computes the cost function based on the latest
information.• Adaptively selects the optimum waveform for the next
transmission.
Waveform
Generator Environment / Channel
Radar / Communication
Receiver
Optimization
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aveform design
Research Aspects
• Adaptive waveform diversity design to significantlyimprove sensing and communication systemsperformance.
• Practical yet tractable performance metrics.
• Parametric waveforms and libraries.• Physical and statistical models approximating real
problems.
• Statistically and computationally efficient algorithms toestimate the environment.
• Robustness against inaccuracy in the models.
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Research Aspects (Cont.)
• Dynamic optimization and scheduling algorithms for abroad range of applications and environments.
• Ensure the best ideas for waveform design in sensing arepractical in communications, and vice versa.
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Research TasksThe research plan is divided into four major tasks:
• Task 1: Developing waveform design methods that exploitboth existing and new forms of diversities.
• Task 2: Modeling the environment and channel to extractattributes needed for optimal waveform selection.
• Task 3: Optimizing waveform scheduling applying costfunctions adapted to the channel and/or environment.
• Task 4: Testing the new waveform designs in complexrealistic environments using an anechoic chamber andradar tower test-bed facilities.
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Task AssignmentsAntonia Arye Bill Danilo Darryl Harry John Mark Mike Navin Robert
Temporal diversity X X X X X
Spatial diversity X X X X X
Polarimetric signals X X
Time-varying signals X X
UWB signals X X
OFDM X X
CDMA X X
Ta
sk
1
Waveform libraries X X
MIMO radar models X
Time-varying channel X X
Dispersive channel X X
Polarimetric channel X
Parametric propagation X X
Stochastic clutter X
Kernel perspective X
Communication X X X
Ta
sk
2
Model selection X X X X
Cost functions X X X X X X X
Adapt. design & scheduling X X X X X X
Ta
sk
3
Distr. sensor management X
Distributed platforms X X
Countermeasures X
Polarimetric radar X
Detection procedures X
STAP X
Hot clutter X
Robust design X
Tests in anechoic room X
Ta
sk
4
Tests in radar tower X
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Expected Impact
We will produce:
• Fundamental advances in optimal waveform design andscheduling.
• Accurate estimation methods of channels andenvironments with performance analysis.
• Significant performance improvements in:– Radar detection, tracking and resolution.– Communication systems capacity.– Interference avoidance and mitigation.– Integrated multitask systems.
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Deliverables
• Parameterized waveform families and libraries.
• Scheduling algorithms exploiting information gatheredfrom the operating scenario.
• Estimation algorithms of channels and environments.
• Software packages for multidimensional waveformdesign.
• Validations of advanced waveform design techniquesusing real-world scenarios.
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Deliverables (Cont.)
• Disseminating scientific results through:– Journal papers.– Workshops, conferences and symposia.– Website.– Book on adaptive waveform design.
• Educating undergraduate and 15 graduate students, also3 post-doctoral associates.
• Developing a graduate level course on WaveformDiversity in Sensor Processing.
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Milestones1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5 Mos 12 Mos 12 Mos 7 Mos 5 Mos 12 Mos 7 Mos
Task 1: Unified Approach to Waveform Design
Task 2: Environment and Channel Modeling
Task 3: Optimization
Task 4: Applications and Validations
Temporal and Spatial Diversity
OFDM & CDMA Waveforms
Polarimetric Signals
Time-Varying Signals and Processing
Waveform LibrariesUWB Signals
MIMO, Time Dispersive, Polarimetric and Layered Media
Models in Communications
Kernel Perspective
Model Selection
Cost Functions: CRB, AF, etc.
Adaptative Waveform Design and Scheduling
Multitask Systems
Distrib. Sensor
Detection Procedures
Polarimetric Radar
Robust Design
Countermeasures, Hot Clutter, STAP
Waveform Experiments and Real Data (Anechoic Chamber and Radar Tower)
Extensions
Extensions
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Collaborations
Our program will promote interactions between teammembers who are
• mathematicians,• engineers, and• applied scientists.
Integrating• education,• research,• experiments with defense labs, and• industry.
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Collaborations (Cont.)
• Within the team:– Sharing ideas at workshops and meetings.– Writing joint papers.– Joint visits of investigators, students and postdocs.– Testing algorithms in UIC anechoic chamber and
Raytheon radar test-bed facilities.
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Interactions and Outreach
• Exchanging results and applications to real data withdefense labs, for instance:– AFRL/SNHE, Hanscom, Dr. M. Rangaswamy.– AFRL, Rome, Sensors Directorate, Dr. M. Wicks, Dr. P.
Antonik, and Dr. B. Himed.– NRL, Radar Division, Dr. E. Mokole.– ARL, Dr. A. Swami.– DSTO, Australian DoD, Dr. S. Howard.
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Interactions and Outreach (Cont.)
• Sharing ideas with industry and others in openworkshops, for example:– Lincoln Laboratory, MIT.– Lucent Bell Labs.– Motorola.– SAIC.– System Planning Corporation.– Texas Instruments.
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Interactions and Outreach (Cont.)
Interactions with Industry
and others
• Lincoln Laboratory, MIT
• Lucent Bell Labs
• Motorola
• SAIC
• System Planning Corporation • Texas Instruments
public MURI website
http://boreas.ece.uic.edu/MURI
DoD Interactions
• AFRL/SNHE, Dr. Rangaswamy
• AFRL, Drs. Wicks, Antonik, Himed.
• NRL, Dr. Mokole
• DSTO, Australian DoD.
Team members
Workshops
• ICASSP 2005
• Others
Nehorai
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Collaborations Chart
Mark
Arye
Bill
Robert
Antonia
Darryl
Navin
Mike DaniloJohn
Harry Danilo
LEGEND
Uni-modular
Coded Radar
Waveform
Diversities
Sub-aperture
Array Waveform
Polarized and
OFDM Signals
Quantum
Computing
Waveform
Libraries
Cost Functions
Scheduling
Environment
Modeling
GNC Waveform
Selection
Radar Test-bed
and Chamber
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Facilities• Computations: institutions are well equipped with facilities
for complex calculations.
• Experiments: validations and testing at– UIC anechoic room.– Raytheon radar test tower.– AFRL and NRL.
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Future Meetings
• Annual reviews.
• Mid-year meetings.
• Mutual visits.
• Special sessions at conferences.
• Workshops.
• Visits to DoD labs.
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