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Ad Hoc Networking via Named Data

Michael Meisel, Lixia Zhang UCLAVasileios Pappas IBM Research

ACM MobiArch 2010

Speaker : Conque, Kimcqkim@mmlab.snu.ac.kr

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Outline• Introduction• Existing solutions for ad hoc• New direction of networking• Listen First Broadcast Later (LFBL)• Conclusion

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Introduction• Design of current Internet protocol stack has a

limit to adjust• Mandating that packet delivery is governed by the desti-

nation IP address• Reasons

• Mobile network is infrastructural-free– Internet protocols are generally built with infrastructure

support in mind • Node mobility introduces a high degree of dynamics in

node interconnectivity

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Existing solutions for ad hoc

• Existing routing protocols for ad hoc network • Proactive protocol: WRP, DSDV• Reactive protocol: DSR, AODV• Hybrid protocol: ZRP, HARP

• Sharing features of the protocols• All features are not suitable for wireless channel using

broadcast in nature a. Using node assigned its own IP addressb. Routing based on the single best path to the given destina-

tion IPc. For crossing each hop, controlling the signal range

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Failings of the current ap-proaches

• Assigning IP addresses to moving nodes is difficult• Hard to cover increasing number of mobile device

through limited IP• Not available to fix the location and use aggregation

• Considering Inherent trade-off between the accu-rary of routing and overhead to keep consistent is needed

• Hard to decide which node will be the receiver

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Other solutions for ad hoc network• Opportunistic routing

• ExOR and MORE• Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN)

• Differences between DTN and NDN– Using unique name that are used directly for delivery– Automatically embracing ad-hoc networking and delay toler-

ant networking without adding functional modules

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New direction for mobile networking

• Named Data Networking (NDN)• How to communicate using the 3-way exchange

1. Announcing the content name

2. Sending out ‘Interest’ packets

Contents~/Alice

Contents

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Benefits of NDN• Changing the communication semantics from

“where” to “what”• Data name carried on the node do not necessary change• Better than both landmark-based and geo-based routing

solutions for ad hoc• Facilitating the security development in the archi-

tecture• End-to-end cryptographic signatures and encryption

helps to make the data security better

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NDN for Ad hoc networking• Simplifying the implementation

• Node can use application data name directly• Interest packets can be forwarded along multiple paths

towards potential data location – Routing loop would not be caused, because PIT (Pending In-

terest Table) keeps track of interest• Addressing and caching fragments of application

data• Available to accept the subsequent request for the same

file or a request for the retransmission

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Listen First, Broadcast Later (LFBL)

• New forwarding protocol for wireless ad hoc net-works• Using variation of NDN`s 3-way exchange

• The process of routing using LFBL1. Name prefix announcement

2. Interest forwarding as a response

3. Data return

Intermidi-ate nodes

Listen First Broadcast Later

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Evaluation of LFBL• To validate the performance of LFBL, comparing it

with AODV on dynamic environment• Using four different metrics: RTT, Overhead, De-

livery rate, Total data transferred• Result of the evaluation

• LFBL delivers nearly 5times more data compared to AODV

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Evaluation of LFBL• Characteristic results for LFBL vs. AODV in detail

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Conclusion• Current routing solution for ad hoc networking

has a pitfall in dealing with dynamic environment • Requiring the full or partial network topology for the

computation of best routes• LFBL is a new forwarding protocol for the highly

dynamic networks