A C S S Y M P O S I U M S E R I E S 390

Electrochemistry, Past and Present

John T. Stock, EDITOR University of Connecticut

Mary Virginia Orna, EDITOR College of New Rochelle

Developed from a symposium sponsored by the Division of the History of Chemistry and the Division of Analytical Chemistry

of the American Chemical Society, at the Third Chemical Congress of North America

(195th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society), Toronto, Ontario, Canada,

June 5-11, 1988

American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 1989

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In Electrochemistry, Past and Present; Stock, J., et al.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1989.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publicalion Data

Electrochemistry, past and present John T. Stock, editor. Mary Virginia Orna, editor.

Developed from a symposium sponsored by the Division of the History of Chemistry and the Division of Analytical Chemistry at the 195th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, June 5-11, 1988.

p. cm.—(ACS Symposium Series, 0097-6156; 390). Includes index.

ISBN 0-8412-1572-3 1. Electrochemistry—Congresses.

2. Electrochemistry-History—Congresses.

I. Stock, John T. (John Thomas), 1911- . II. Orna, Mary Virginia. III. American Chemical Society. Division of the History of Chemistry. IV. American Chemical Society. Division of Analytical Chemistry. V. Chemical Congress of North America (3rd: 1988: Toronto, Ont.) VI. American Chemical Society Meeting (195th: 1988: Toronto, Ont.). VII. Series

QD551.E492 1989 541.3'7—dc19 89-15

CIP

Copyright © 1989

American Chemical Society

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PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Second Printing 1991

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In Electrochemistry, Past and Present; Stock, J., et al.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1989.

ACS Symposium Series

M. Joan Comstock, Series Editor

1989 ACS Books Advisory Board Paul S. Anderson Merck Sharp & Dohme Research

Laboratories

Alexis T. Bell University of California—Berkeley

Harvey W. Blanch University of California—Berkeley

Malcolm H. Chisholm Indiana University

Alan Elzerman Clemson University

John W. Finley Nabisco Brands, Inc.

Natalie Foster Lehigh University

Marye Anne Fox The University of Texas—Austin

G. Wayne Ivie US. Department of Agriculture,

Agricultural Research Service

Mary A. Kaiser E. I. du Pont de Nemours and

Company

Michael R. Ladisch Purdue University

John L. Massingill Dow Chemical Company

Daniel M. Quinn University of Iowa

James C. Randall Exxon Chemical Company

Elsa Reichmanis AT&T Bell Laboratories

C. M. Roland U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

Stephen A. Szabo Conoco Inc.

Wendy A. Warr Imperial Chemical Industries

Robert A. Weiss University of Connecticut

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In Electrochemistry, Past and Present; Stock, J., et al.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1989.

Foreword

The ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES was founded in 1974 to provide a medium for publishing symposia quickly in book form. The format of the Series parallels that of the continuing ADVANCES

IN CHEMISTRY SERIES except that, in order to save time, the papers are not typeset but are reproduced as they are submitted by the authors in camera-ready form. Papers are reviewed under the supervision of the Editors with the assistance of the Series Advisory Board and are selected to maintain the integrity of the symposia; however, verbatim reproductions of previously pub­lished papers are not accepted. Both reviews and reports of research are acceptable, because symposia may embrace both types of presentation.

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In Electrochemistry, Past and Present; Stock, J., et al.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1989.