acoustics aactx r150 l06 appendix

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 1

Appendix

Acoustics ACTx R150


Piezoelectric exposure in ANSYS WorkBench using ACT

Piezo ACTx R150


Piezoelectric analyses may be

static transient modal including prestressed modal (using linear perturbation) harmonic (FULL and MSUP in Beta) including prestressed harmonic (using linear

perturbation)

For static analyses, piezoelectric materials are characterized by

structural elasticity piezoelectric coupling dielectric permittivity

For dynamic analyses, additional data are required

density structural damping dielectric damping

Piezoelectricity


stiffness measured under constant electric field [cE],

piezoelectric stress matrix [e], and

relative permittivity measured under constant strain [S].

[e] stress-charge

clamped and closed circuit clamped condition is where material does change

dimensions with applied electric field

material is physically clamped or

driven at a frequency high enough above mechanical resonance that the device does not respond to the changing E field

Piezoelectricity


Piezoelectric coefficients for PZT-5A are also provided in stress form (e) either form could be used for entering the data

piezoelectric coefficients in stress form are input using TB,PIEZ with TBOPT=0 TB,PIEZ,#,,,0 TBDATA, 3,-5.4 TBDATA, 6, -5.4 TBDATA, 9, 15.8 TBDATA, 14, 12.3 TBDATA, 16, 12.3

Piezoelectric Coefficients for PZT-5A

2ANSYS m

C

000

3.1200

003.12

04.50

08.150

04.50

e


Relative permittivity for PZT-5A is also provided in constant strain form (KS)

Relative permittivity coefficients in constant strain form are input using TB,DPER with TBOPT = 0

TB,DPER,#,,,0 TBDATA, 1, 916, 830, 916

Permittivity Coefficients for PZT-5A

916

0830

00916

0

S


Piezoelectric properties are directional-dependent

must ensure that appropriate element coordinate system is defined for each element, so that the poling direction is consistent between element coordinate system and material definition

Usually identical (piezoelectric crystals are generally transversely isotropic)

3D Poling Direction


33

11

11

0

11

33

11

0

11

11

33

0

15

15

33

31

31

15

15

31

33

31

15

15

31

31

33

0

00

0

00

0

00

00

00

000

00

00

00

000

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

000

00

00

00

K

K

K

K

K

K

K

K

K

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

x-polarized y-polarized z-polarized

3D Poling Direction

piezoelectric

constants

permittivity

constants


Arrangement of matrices must be verified

if poling direction is in-plane, y-polarized transformed matrices are valid

2D Analyses

33

11

0

2D

11

33

11

0

3D

15

31

33

31

2D

15

15

31

33

31

3D

44

11

1333

121311

2D

66

44

44

11

1333

121311

3D

00

00

0

0

0

0

000

00

00

00

00

00

0

0

0

0

00

000

000

000

K

K

K

K

K

e

e

e

e

d

e

e

e

e

e

e

s

s

ss

sss

s

s

s

s

s

ss

sss

s

elastic

constants

piezoelectric

constants

permittivity

constants

3D 2D

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 10

33

11

011

33

0

15

31

33

31

15

31

31

33

00

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

K

K

K

K

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

e

x-polarized y-polarized

2D Poling Direction

piezoelectric

constants

permittivity

constants

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 11

ACT allows customization in the Mechanical application :

Replace command snippets with interactive objects

Create customized Loads / BCs

Create customized Results

Ability to connect a third party solver in a standard Workbench process

ACT Piezo extension is a customization made with ACT to integrate ANSYS piezoelectric capabilities in Mechanical. The extension consists of one XML file (Configures the UI content) and one python script (Implements the extension functionality).

If you need more information about ACT please contact your sales representative.

ACT: Application Customization Toolkit

ACT Extension Library

Great place to get started Extensions made available in either binary

format (.wbex file) or binary plus scripted format (python and XML files)

Scripted extensions are great examples Links to ACT documentation and training

material

Goals for an ACT developers forum

ANSYS Customer Portal support.ansys.com A library of helpful ACT extensions

available to any ANSYS customer

Roughly one dozen available More being added continually

Download the Piezo ACT Extension

The Piezo ACT Extension for ANSYS 15.0 is available for download on the ACT Extension Library of the Customer Portal:

https://support.ansys.com/AnsysCustomerPortal/en_us/Downloads/Extens

ion+Library/ACT+Library

Please pay attention to paragraph 9 of the CLICKWRAP SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR ACS EXTENSIONS regarding TECHNICAL ENHANCEMENTS AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT (TECS): TECS is not included with the Program(s).

So to report an issue or provide your feedback in regards to this extension please contact: David Roche: [email protected]

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 14

Installing ACT Extensions

Installing from WB Project page:

1. Select the Install Extension option

2. It will open a file dialog to select a *.wbex file

3. The extension is installed

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 15

For 2D & 3D analyses with quadratic elements

Change element type and assign piezoelectric material properties (the structural material properties defined in EDA are used)

Apply boundary conditions & loads: voltage, charge

Plot piezoelectric results: voltage, electric field & electric flux density

Piezoelectric extension

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 16

Polarization Axis

TB,PIEZ,#,,,0

TB,DPER,#,,,0

MP,RSVX,#, (RSVY,RSVZ)

MP,LSST,#,


Use the Piezoelectric Body to define the piezoelectric bodies so change the element type and define the piezoelectric material properties.

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 17

F,ALL,CHRG

SF,ALL,CHRG

BF,ALL,CHRG

CP,NEXT,VOLT,ALL $ D,nodemin,VOLT

DVAL

CP,NEXT,VOLT


In the Boundary Conditions menu find the objects to apply:

Electric charge

Surface Charge Density

Volume Charge Density

Voltage (can be frequency dependent in harmonic or time dependent in transient)

Enforced Motion Voltage (beta)

Voltage Coupling APDL Commands:

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 18

PLNSOL,VOLT

PLNSOL,EF,X (Y,Z,SUM)

PLNSOL,D,X (Y,Z,SUM)

Post Processing

In the Results menu find the objects to postprocess:

Voltage

Electric Field

Electric Flux Density

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 19

Piezoelectric analyses now support linear perturbation. Thus a previous static analysis can be linked in the project schematic to a modal or harmonic analysis.

If this case the piezoelectric body is only inserted in the static analysis.

Linear Perturbation

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 20

To have access to harmonic mode superposition with enforced motion voltage beta options must be activated in the project page:

The voltage is then applied in the harmonic analysis using Enforced Motion Voltage object:

Mode Superposition Harmonic (beta)

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 21

Application Example

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 22

Motor noise using Maxwell

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 23

Noise Sources [1]

Magnetic

Radial

Slot Harmonics

Magnetic Unbalance

Mechanical

Self

Stator

Modes of Vibration

Rotor

Bearings Balancing

Dynamic Eccentricity

Unbalanced Rotor

Elliptical Rotor Surface

Static Eccentricity

Auxiliaries Load Induced

Couplings

Foundation

Aerodynamic

Fluid Cooling Phenomena

Electronic

Switching Harmonics

[1] P. Vigayraghavan, R. Krishnan, Noise in Electric Machines: A Review, IEEE, 1998

Audible Frequencies

20 Hz 20 kHz 5 kHz 261.63 Hz 60 Hz 4.186kHz

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 24

ANSYS Machine Design Methodology

RMxprt: calculate rated performance for machine

Maxwell: Calculate detailed magnetic FEA of machine in time domain

Simplorer: Calculate detailed drive design with coupled cosimulation with either RMxprt or Simplorer.

Electromagnetic Noise Source

0

IGBT3

IGBT2

D10

D11

D8

IGBT1

IGBT4

IGBT5D7

D12

D9

IGBT6

SINE2SINE1 SINE3

TRIANG1

+

VV

M1

E1

E2

RphaseA

RphaseB

RphaseC

w+

V_ROTB1

PhaseA_in

PhaseB_in

PhaseC_in

MotionSetup1_in

PhaseA_out

PhaseB_out

PhaseC_out

MotionSetup1_out

Air Gap Density, Out of Plane forces, Eccentricity in Rotor-stator, Harmonics may lead to noise

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 25

Direct Force Mapping Electromagnetic forces from Maxwell

to Mechanical by linking systems in Workbench

Can perform time domain Transient Analysis

Can perform frequency domain Harmonic Analysis

Electromagnetic Noise source

Mechanical Vibrations induced by electromagnetic forces acting on rotor-stator produces appreciable noise

2011 ANSYS, Inc. March 4, 2014 26

From the transient Maxwell simulation, FFT is performed and remote loads are automatically generated of the selected geometric entities:

ANSYS Mechanical

acoustics aactx r150 l06 appendix

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