achieving sanitation mdg uttar pradesh manish kumar sonali david part 1 niar 2012

7/31/2019 Achieving Sanitation Mdg Uttar Pradesh Manish Kumar Sonali David Part 1 Niar 2012

1/17

Achieving Sanitation MDG in

Uttar Pradesh

Presented at

National Seminar on DecentralizedGovernance in Water & Sanitation in

Rural India

June 28th, 2012


2/17

Uttar Pradesh A Profile

Area 243,290 sq km with population 210 m

Contributes nearly 8% of Indias GDP

Only 5 countries in the world have more

population than Uttar Pradesh

One out of every five open defecator in Indialives in Uttar Pradesh


3/17

State Level Disaggregation of Number of Open Defecators

125

71

54

50

49

44

39

39

32

31

27

11

11

4

1

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Uttar Pradesh

Bihar

Maharashtra

Madhya Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh

Rajasthan

West Bengal

Tamil Nadu

Orissa

Karnataka

Gujarat

Haryana

Punjab

Himachal Pradesh

Kerala

Millions


4/17

Sanitation Trends

Click to edit Master text styles

Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

Only 6.9% increase in improved sanitation from 1990 to 2006 (16 years)


5/17

Sanitation Trends in Rural UP


Second level

Third level

Fourth level

Fifth level

Increased nearly 3 times in last 15 years but grossly inadequate


6/17

MDG target for Uttar Pradesh

Projected population of UP in 2015 220 million

MDG Target (56.5%) 124.5 million

MDG achievable at current rate (24%) 53 million

Unimproved toilet users 33 millon

Open defecators in 2015 135 million

MDG target shortfall 71.5 million


7/17

Four Districts Contribute 11% of

Open Defecators

District Projected Population of Open

Defecators (2007)

Allahabad 4,084,668

Azamgarh 3,741,821 Jaunpur 3,651,550

Sitapur 3,429,279


8/17


Second level

Third level Fourth level

Fifth level


9/17

Second Outline

Level

Third Outline

Level

Fourth Outline

Level

FifthOutline

Level

Sixth

OutlineLevel

Seventh Outline

LevelClick to edit

Master text styles

18 districts contribute 37% of open

defecationName of District

Projected

Population of

Open Defecators(2007)

Gorakhpur

3,217,968

Hardoi

3,194,743

Sultanpur 3,097,598

(2007)

Ballia

2,625,415Etah 2,574,837

Deoria

2,561,347

Budaun

2,561,243

Barabanki 2,522,946

Unnao

2,472,429


10/17

Independent Variables Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 5 Remarks

Percent literate FemalePopulation (Age 7+)

0.85(0.21)*** 0.48(0.17)*** 0.42(0.16)*** 0.25(0.18)*

Percent literate male

Population (Age 7+)

0.64(0.29)**

Households have BPL

Card (%)

-0.85(0.11)***

- 0.74(0.11)***

-0.63(0.14)***

Dist cumulative TSCexpenditure per capita

-0.13(0.04)***

-0.12(0.04)***

Households use piped

drinking water (%)

0.50(0.18)***

Constant -17.68 -22.32 25.30 27.94 29.86

R square 0.19 0.08 0.56 0.61 0.65Adjusted R square 0.18 0.07 0.54 0.59

N 70 70 70 70 70

ve access to toilet facility (%)

* significant at 1% level; ** significant at 5% level ; * significant at 10% level


11/17

0

20

40

60

80

30 40 50 60 70

Percent literate Female Population (Age 7+)

households have access to toilet facility (%) Fitted values

Access to Sanitation vs Female Literacy

one percent increase in female literacy in a district is found associated with 0.25% t


12/17

0

20

40

60

80

0 10 20 30 40 50households use piped drinking water (%)


Access to Toilet Facility vs Water Supply

One percent increase in household piped drinking water in a district is associated with


13/17

0

20

40

60

80

0 20 40 60households have BPL Card (%)


Access to Toilet Facility vs Poverty

an increase of BPL card holders by 1% in a district results in a decrease of toilet use behavior by


14/17

Medical Expenses by Income

Quintile

Income

Quintile

Lowst

Quntile

2nd

Lowest

Middle 2nd

Highest

Highest

AverageMonthly

Income

Rs 873 Rs 2,186 Rs 3789 Rs 6074 Rs 38,143

medical

expenses

on

diarrhoea,

cough,

fever

Rs 90.98

(10.4%)

Rs 192.36

(8.8%)

Rs 290.63

(7.7%)

Rs 507.92

(8.4%)

Rs 1071.51

(2.8%)


15/17

Net Social Benefits of Total

Sanitation

Reduction of deaths of children below 5 years

by 90,000 to 100,000 per annum

Averted loss of wages on account of sickness

Averted cost of medicines for treating sickness

Net Social Benefits of Total Sanitation in Uttar

Pradesh is Rs 10,244 crores (NPV, at 10%

discount rate), which is equal to 4% of State


16/17

Conclusions

Focus on districts with higher concentration of

Open Defecators (4 plus 18)

Give priority to those districts which havehigher female literacy because of higher

chance of success

Give priority to districts with better watersupply systems because of higher chance of

success

Scope for developing innovative health


17/17

THANK YOU

achieving sanitation mdg uttar pradesh manish kumar sonali david part 1 niar 2012

Documents