accounting & finance for bankers-jaiib-module d presentation by s.d.bargir joint director-iibf
TRANSCRIPT
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ACCOUNTING & FINANCE FOR BANKERS-JAIIB-MODULE D
PRESENTATION BY
S.D.BARGIR
Joint Director-IIBF
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Topics
• Partnership accounts
• Final accounts of banking companies
• Company accounts
• Balance sheet equation
• Accounting in a Computerized environment
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Partnership Accounts
• Introduction
• Definition
• Partnership deed
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In the absence of partnership deed/if deed is silent
• Profit sharing ratio –Equal
• No interest on capital
• No interest on drawings
• interest@6% on loan given by partner
• No salary /no commission/ no remuneration
• Capital accounts under fluctuating capital method
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Methods of capital accounts
• Fixed• Capital account-transactions relating to
capital• Current account
• Other transactions such as Interest, profit, goodwill, past profits/losses & adjustments
• Fluctuating• One account- all transactions
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GOODWILL
• It’s reputation, super profit earning capacity of a firm
• Necessity• change in profit sharing ratio• Admission, retirement, death• Sale of business
• Methods:• Average profit• Super profit• capitalization of profit
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Methods of goodwill
Average profit
(AP)
Super profit
(SP)
Capitalization of profit
AP x Multiplier SP x multiplier
SP = AP less NP
NP=normal profit
(Capitalised value) less Actual Capital
Multiplier is given
Multiplier is given
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GOODWILL IMPORTANT ENTRIES
• ADMISSION– When goodwill is raised and written off
• Debit goodwill and credit old partners capital a/c (old ratio)
• Debit All partners capital a/c & credit goodwill (new ratio)
• RETIREMENT/DEATH– When goodwill is raised and written off
• Debit goodwill and credit old partners capital a/c (old ratio)
• Debit Continuing partners capital a/c & credit goodwill (new ratio)
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…• ADMISSION
• revaluation of assets/ liabilities, goodwill, capital adjustments, balance of reserves, past losses
• RETIREMENT• As per Act of 1932, retirement by consent,
partnership deed provision, at will by giving proper notice
• revaluation of assets/ liabilities, goodwill, capital adjustments, balance of reserves, past losses
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Joint life policyPremium treated as expenses
Premium treated as asset
Premium treated as reserves
At the end of each year, premium w/o to P & L A/c
Each year difference between surrender value and Book value is w/o to P & L A/c
difference between SV and BV is w/o to Jt. Policy Reserve A/c
receipt of policy amt.
Amount received is credited to partners
receipt of policy amt.
If amount is > SV, the excess is credited to partners
receipt of policy amt.
Policy amount credited to partners
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Types of partners
• Active
• Sleeping
• Quasi
• nominal
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FINAL ACCOUNTS OF BANKING COMPANIES
• Definition• Requirements –Accounts & audit
– Third Schedule annexed to BRA– Form A- Balance sheet – Form B- Profit & Loss Account– Audit– Submission of accounts- RBI- within 3 months– Publication of accounts- within 6 months– Auditor-prior approval of RBI for appt/removal
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Balance sheet-Form A
Capital & Liabilities Assets
1.Capital 6.Cash & Bank Bal. RBI
2. Reserves & surplus 7.Balances with Banks & Money at call and SN
3.Deposits 8.Investments
4.Borrowings 9Advances
5 Other Liabilities & Provisions 10.Fixed Assets
11.Other Assets
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Demand deposits
• Credit balances in OD and CC
• Deposits payable at call
• Overdue deposits
• In-operative current accounts
• Matured time deposits
• Matured cash certificates
• Matured certificate of deposits
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Contingent liabilities
Schedule-12• Claims against bank not acknowledged as debts
• Liability for partly paid shares
• Liability on account of outstanding forward exchange contracts
• Acceptances ,endorsement & other obligations
• Other items for which bank is contingently liable.
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PROFIT & LOSS ACCOUNT-FORM B
Income
Interest Earned
Other Income
Schedule.13
Schedule.14
Expenditure
Interest Expended
Operating Expenses
Provision for contingencies
Schedule.15
Schedule.16
Profit /Loss
Appropriations
Transfer to Reserves
Proposed dividend
Balance carried to Balance sheet
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NOTES TO ACCOUNTS
Significant Accounting Policies
Schedule.17
Notes forming part of Accounts
Schedule.18
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Other Income
• Profit on exchange transactions
• Profit on sale of investments
• Profit on revaluation of investments
• Profit on sale of fixed assets
• Letting of locker (income from locker charges )
• Misc. income -Godown rent
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Ponder over these points• Govt. securities shown at book value and diff.
between MV and BV is given in the notes
• If some fixed assets are w/o on revaluation of assets/reduction of capital every B/S after wards should. show the revised figure for next 5 yrs. With the date & amt. revised
• Other fixed assets includes vehicles, furniture and fixtures. Lockers and safe deposit vaults are included in furniture
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Ponder over these points• 20% to reserve fund before declaring dividend
• Gold is treated as investment
• Silver is treated as other assets
• Income from performing assets is recognized on accrual basis while in r/o non-performing assets it is on cash basis
• In r/o NPA, if income is already recognized, then make provision
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ASSET CLASSIFICATION ETC
• Asset Classification– Performing and – non performing ( remain out of order)
• Income Recognition– Performing-accrual basis– Non performing-cash basis
• Asset Classification• Std-0.40% (revised from 0.25%)• Sub-Std.<18 months-10%• Doubtful>18 months-usl-100%-secured.3yrs-50%,>1&<3-
30%-upto 1year-20%• Loss assets-100%
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SLR & NON SLR DEPOSITSHeld to maturity Available for
saleHeld for trading
Investment should not exceed 25% of total investment
Freedom available Freedom available
-no marked to market. Profit on sale treated as cap. Reserve
-Marked to market
-profit on sale of investment.taken to P&L a/c
Marked to market
To be sold within 90 days
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COMPANY ACCOUNTSFeatures of a Joint stock Company• Incorporated association
• Artificial person
• Perpetual succession
• Common seal
• Limited liability
• Separation of management from ownership
• Transferability of shares
• Separate legal status
• Large membership
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Types of companiesOn the basis of incorporation
On the basis of ownership
On the basis of liability
Chartered company
Private company Co.limited by shares
Statutory company
Public company Co. Ltd. by guarantee
Registered company
Government company
Co. with unlimited liability
Foreign company
Holding company
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SHARE CAPITAL
• EQUITY
• PREFERENCE– CUMULATIVE– REDEEMABLE– PARTICIPATING
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SHARE CAPITAL
• AUTHORISED CAPITAL
• ISSUED CAPITAL
• SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL
• CALLED CAPITAL
• PAID UP CAPITAL
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ISSUE OF SHARE AT PAR
-BANK- SHARE APPLICATION
Debited
-
-
credited
-SHARE APPLICATION -SHARE CAPITAL
Debited
--Credited
Over subscription
-share application
-share capital
-bank (refund)
-share allotment
Debited
-
-
-
-
Credited
Credited
Credited
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SHARE ALLOTMENT/SHARE CALL
Share allotment a/c
Share capital a/c
Debited
-
-
Credited
Bank a/c Share allotment a/c
Debited
-
-
Credited
Share call a/c
Share capital a/c
Debited
-
-
Credited
Bank a/c
Share call a/c
Debited
-
-
Credited
Calls in arrears a/c
Share allotment a/c
Share call a/c
Debited
-
-
-
Credited
Credited
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Issue of shares at premium
Share application/
allotment a/c
Share capital A/c
Share premium A/c
Debited
-
-
-
Credited
Credited
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Issue of shares at discount
Share allotment A/c
Discount on issue of shares A/c
Share capital A/c
Debited
Debited
-
-
-
Credited
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Forfeiture of shares
Share capital A/c
Call in arrears A/c
Forfeited shares A/c
Debited
-
-
-
Credited
Credited
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Re-issue of shares
Bank A/c
Forfeited shares A/c
Share capital A/c
Capital reserve A/c
Debited
Debited
-
-
-
-
Credited
Credited
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Issue of Bonus sharesCap. Red. Reserve A/c
Share premium A/c
Capital reserve A/c
Gen Reserve A/c
Profit & Loss A/c
Bonus to shareholders A/c
Debited
Debited
Debited
Debited
Debited
-
-
-
-
-
-
credited
Bonus to shareholders A/c
Equity share capital A/c
Debited -
credited
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Balance sheet equationLIABILITIES ASSETS
Capital 300.00 Fixed assets 700.00
Reserves 200.00 Current assets
300.00
Term Loans 300.00
Current Liabilities
300.00
Total 1000.00 Total 1000.00
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Balance Sheet Equation
Assets = Liabilities
Assets = Liabilities (+) Capital
Liabilities = Assets (-) Capital
Capital = Assets (-) Liabilities
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BALANCE SHEET EQUATION
Assets = Liabilities
Assets = Capital + Liabilities
Assets =Net worth + Liabilities
Net worth = Capital + Reserves& Surplus
Net worth = Assets Less Liabilities
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1. The Assets of a business are Rs.500000 and its capital is Rs.115000. Its liabilities on that date would be------
a) Rs.615000b) Rs.385000c) Rs.500000d) Rs. 1150002. A had a capital of Rs.750000. He has also purchased goods
of Rs.150000 on credit from Mr. Saha. The value of total assets of the entity is-----
a) Rs.750000b) Rs.900000c) Rs.600000d) Rs.1050000
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B/s EquationExamples
(1) If the net worth of the business is Rs.1100,fixed assets are Rs. 600, current assets Rs.400, investments Rs.300, current liabilities Rs. Nil, what is the amount of claim to outsiders?
– Rs. 1300l– Rs. 500– Rs.200*– Rs. Nil
(2) Identify the wrong pair– Outstanding expenses - Personal Account account*– Profit and Loss Account (Dr. balance) – Application of funds– Net worth less reserves & surplus - Balance in P & L Account*– Balance sheet - Financial position
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Computerized accounting• Computer language: cobol, foxpro,unix …etc
• Analog computers : scientific and mech. Field
• Digital computers: computerized accounting
• Data : fact
• Record : group of data
• Data file: data records
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Computerized accounting
• Computer language- Cobol, FoxPro, Unix …..• Analog computers- scientific/ mechanical field• Digital computers- computerized accounting• Data- fact• Record- group of data• File- data record
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Contact details
• Website: www.iibf.org.in
• Email: [email protected]
• Phone. 022-22183898
• 022-22187003/4/5