Accelerated Fall Exam Review

2012-2013

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Density

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Measuring Length…OTool: RulerOUnit: Meters (centimeter, millimeter)OLength of lines:

O Small: 1cmO Large: 9cm

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Measuring MassOTool: Triple Beam BalanceOUnit: Grams

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Measuring Liquid Volume

OTool: Graduated CylinderOUnits: Liter (milliliter)

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Regularly Shaped Object…

OTool: RulerOUnit: Cubic Meters (m3, cm3)OFormula: LxWxH

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Volume of the BoxO20 cm wide, 3 cm long, 5 cm tall

O20cm x 3cm x 5cm = 300 cm3

OVolume of the box = 300 cm3

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O Three cubic centimeters can be written like: 3cm3

O When you measure something in meters cubed, you are measuring the object’s volume

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When working with a burning candle:

If your partner catches on fire, partner needs to stop, drop, and roll while

you yell for help and get a fire blanket

If you catch on fire, stop drop and roll

You broke a glass beaker in the lab:

Danger: cutting hands, spilled chemicals

What you do: warn people around you and get your teacher

You spilled a chemical in the lab:

Danger: contaminating lab and injuring people

What do you do: warn classmates and tell teacher

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O The approximate diameter of a penny is 2 cm.

O The approximate height from the floor to the top of a door is 2m.

O The approximate measurement of the thickness of a nickel is 2mm.

O The difference between hour 1 and hour 2 is C – 4mL

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O The in liquid is B-14mL.

The mass of the object is 197.2g.

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MatterO 1. Matter -has mass and takes up

space

O 2. Definition of volume: the amount of space an object takes up

O 3. Definition of mass: the amount of matter in an object

O 4. What are the four indicators of a physical change? Size change, shape change, PHASE change, no new material 12

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O 5. What are the indicators of a chemical change? bubbling and fizzing (gas produced), heat produced, cold produced, color change, smell change, new substance created

O 4. The ability to boil, freeze, condense, and melt are physical properties

O 5. Conductivity is a physical property.

O 6. Magnetism is a physical property.

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O 7. What substances are usually magnetic? metals

O 8. The change is chemical. A gas, which is an indicator of a chemical change, has been created.

O 9. The process of changing a substance from solid to liquid is known as melting

O 10. The process of changing a substance from a liquid to a gas is knows as evaporation or boiling.

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O 11. The process of changing from a liquid to a solid is freezing

O 12. These are all physical changes because phase changes are physical.

O 13. Ice Melting...This is a physical change because phase changes are physical changes.

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O13. Ice melting is a physical change because it is still water, just in a different state or phase.

O14. A phase change in still the same substance but just had heat added. A chemical reaction is when two substances come together a produces a gas.

O15. What is a precipitate? A solid that forms when two liquids combine chemically.

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  Physical or Chemical?

Indicator(s) to support your claimi.e. How do you know?

Melted cheese  Physical  still cheese, change stateHydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide added together produces salt, water, and heat.

 Chemical New substance produced, heat produced

Baking soda and vinegar bubbles and fizzes when put together

 Chemical Gas is produced

Mowing the lawn Physical Still grass, just shape/size changeBreaking a cabinet door Physical Shape/size change, still same substanceIron rusts Chemical New substance producedDigestion  Chemical Produces new substance, gasClothes catching on fire Chemical Burning is always chemicalPeeled apple turning brown

Chemical New substance, decomposition

Dew disappears from the ground

 Physical Phase change

Tearing a paper up Physical Size/shape changeMilk Sours Chemical DecompositionHammering aluminum into a sheet

Physical Size/shape change

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Part 31.Element – atoms of the same type2.Compound – two or more elements chemically combined3.Atom – smallest form of an element4.Properties of metals: shiny luster, malleable, ductile, conducts heat and electricity, mainly solids5.Properties of metalloids – brittle , semi-conductor, shiny luster6.Properties of non-metals: dull, brittle, do not conduct electricity,

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7. Calcium: metal Cobalt: metalArgon: Nonmetal Boron: Metalloid

8. C6H12O6:

Elements: 3 Atoms: 24Compound or Element

H2O

Elements: 2 Atoms: 3Compound or Element

H2O2

Elements: 2 Atoms: 4Compound or Element

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9. Chemical Symbol: Co10. Chemical Formula: CO and H2O2

11. Model of HCl and how do I know?

The elements are chemically bonded12. The elements that are good conductors,

malleable, and attracted to a magnet…

Copper, Iron, Nickel13. Density – amount of matter is a given volume

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Part 314. How do you calculate density: mass/volume15. Density of wood:

Mass = 80.0 gramsVolume = 3 cm x 6 cm x 4 cm = 72cm3

Density = 80g/72cm3 = 1.11g/cm3

16. Would the item float or sink?Sink – density is greater than 1

17. Beads: mass = 425 grams volume = 48 cm3

density = 425 g/48cm3 = 8.86 g/cm3

The beads are made of Copper!

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18. Density of the solution:Mass = 60.75gVolume = 45mLDensity = 60.75g/45mL = 1.35g/mL

19. The solution would sink in the water.

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1. Abiotic factors are factors that are not living nor were they ever living!

2. Abiotic Examples:water, air, shelter, buildings, weather, sunlight

3. Biotic – factors that are living or once was living

4. Levels of organizationOrganism – single form of a living objectPopulation – Multiple of the same organismCommunity – Multiple types of organisms

living togetherEcosystem – All biotic and abiotic factors

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Biome – Areas of similar climatic conditions

Biosphere – All the ecosystems5. Food chain – representation of the energy passed from one organism to another. Arrows indicate flow of energy.

6. Food web – shows flow of energy through several overlapping chains.

7. Energy Pyramid – Compares the energy available at each level. Amount of energy available decreases as you move up the pyramid8. Most energy is found at the bottom of the pyramid with the producers

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Other Questions:1.Producer – organism that makes its own food for energy2.Autotroph – can produce its own food3.Consumer – must eat another organism for energy. Primary eats producers, secondary eats primary consumers4.Heterotroph – organism dependent on another for food and energy5.Primary Succession – rebuilding of an ecosystem starting with rock, no soil, and pioneer species being lichens

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6. Secondary Succession – rebuilding of an ecosystem when soil is still present, pioneer species are grasses.

7. Climax community – community in which the plants and animals remain stable.

8. Pioneer Species – first species to colonize a disrupted ecosystem

9. Biodiversity – variation of life forms in an ecosystem

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10. How does biodiversity contribute to the sustainability of an ecosystem – The more diverse the ecosystem, the higher the degree of sustainability

11. Energy can be traced back to the sun