abraham lincoln presiding over the house divided
TRANSCRIPT
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Abraham Lincoln
Presiding over
The House Divided
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Lincoln & Hamlin
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Political Cartoons
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Republican Wide Awakes: Mass political rallies
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Outcome of 1860 election
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Secession!
R.B. Rhett
I’m a Fire-eater.
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Jefferson Davis – Confederacy President
“We ask no conquest, no aggrandizement”
Constitution based on Articles of Confederation
Protection of slavery
No internal improvement funds
“All we ask is to be let alone”
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April, 1861- Union Surrender Ft. Sumter
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The pragmatic Mr. Lincoln
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Lincoln on popularity"If I were to try to read, much less answer, all the attacks made on me, this shop might as well be closed for any other business. I do the very best I know how - the very best I can; and I mean to keep doing so until the end. If the end brings me out all right, what's said against me won't amount to anything. If the end brings me out wrong, ten angels swearing I was right would make no difference."
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Making War
Aggressive military response to the south as opposed to economic sanctions and blockade
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Keeping the Upper South
Military occupation Maryland
West Virginia separates
Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware
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AuthoritarianSuspended writ of habeas corpusImprisoned Confederate sympathizersMilitary occupation of upper south Sent troops to put down the draft rioters
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Big National Government
Raise tariffs
National banking system
Internal improvements (transcontinental RR)
Homestead Act of 1862- 160 acres of public land in the west to heads of families (improve it for 5 years)
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Socialist?
A few men own capital, and with that avoid labor themselves, and, with their capital, hire or buy another few to labor for them.
Labor is prior to, and independent of, capital. Capital is only the fruit of labor, and could never have existed if labor had not first existed. Labor is the superior of capital, and deserves much the higher consideration.
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Passive abolitionist
"Those who deny freedom to others, deserve it not for themselves; and, under a just God, can not long retain it."
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Emancipation Proclamation
"That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free;
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E.P. frees slaves in rebellious states
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Frederick Douglass
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Blacks in the Union Army
54th Regiment
Massachusetts
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Women of the War
Dorothea DixClara Barton
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Prisoners
Dix-Hill Cartel – prisoner exchange (equal rank) – no need of prison camps
Confederates refuse to trade Black prisoners (treated as runaway slaves)
Within a year, prisoner exchange breaks down and prisoner of war camps are built.
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Southern Prisons - Andersonville
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Belle Isle
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Castle Thunder (for spies, traitors)
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Northern prisons – Rock Island
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Fort Delaware
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Ft. Jefferson (Key West)
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Total War
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William Tecumseh Sherman – Total War
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Paying for the War
NorthIncreasing tariffs, direct taxes on business corps., inheritance, incomeTreasury Bond salesNational Banking acts forced state banks to purchase T-Bonds
SouthLacked powerful central govt.Taxed urban middle-class/nonslaveholding farmersBorrowingUnbacked paper money
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Election of 1864
George McClellan, Peace Democrats
Lincoln, National Union Party