28

hard g (g)

The hard g (g) sound is made by openingthe mouth and and pushing the lips out a bit.The teeth are apart, with some of the top andbottom front teeth shown. The sides of thetongue touch the top back teeth.

Hint: G always has the hard sound (g) whenfollowed by the vowels: a, o or u.Note: In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the hard g (g)sound is pronounced: g

consonant

29

garden (gär d n)

A garden is a piece ofland on which flowers orvegetables are grown.

goat (g t)

A goat is a lively farmanimal with horns, abeard and a tail. Manypeople drink goat milk.

guitar (g tär )

A guitar is a musicalinstrument with six stringswhich are plucked with thefingers or a pick.

30

soft g (j)

The soft g (j) sound is made by opening themouth and pushing the lips outward. The teethare shown clenched together. The tip of thetongue touches the top of the mouth.

Hint: Soft g (j) has the same sound as j (j).G often has the soft sound when followed bythe vowels: e, i or y.Note: In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the soft g (j) soundis pronounced: d

consonant

31

gem (jem)

A gem is a precious,valuable stone that is cutand polished for beauty.

gymnastics (jim nas tiks)

Gymnastics are physicalexercises that strengthenand tone the muscles of thebody.

giraffe (j raf )

A giraffe is the tallest animalin the world. It has a long neckand legs, helpful for eating theleaves from treetops.

32

h (h)

The h (h) sound is made by opening themouth medium wide. The teeth are apart, withsome of the top and bottom front teeth shown.The tongue is in the middle of the mouth. Airis blown through quickly.Note: In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the h (h) sound ispronounced: h

consonant

33

handshake (hand sh k)

A handshake is the clasp-ing of hands by two peoplein greeting, congratulationsor agreement.

helicopter (hel kop t r)

A helicopter is an aircraftwhich stays up in the airbecause of its rotatingpropellers.

house (hous)

A house is a place wherea person or family lives andkeeps their belongings.

34

short i (i)

The short i (i) sound is made by opening themouth medium wide. The teeth are slightlyapart, with more of the bottom than the top frontteeth shown. The tongue touches all of thebottom teeth.Note: In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the short i (i) soundis pronounced: i

vowel

35

igloo (ig lü)

An igloo is a dome-shaped Eskimo hutmade of snow blocks.

infant (in f nt)

An infant is a baby orvery young child whocan’t walk or talk yet.

Italy (it l )

Italy is a southernEuropean country on theMediterranean Sea whichis shaped like a boot.

36

medium i ( )

The medium i ( ) sound is made by openingthe mouth and lowering the bottom lip. Theteeth are just barely apart, with more of thebottom than the top front teeth shown. Thesides of the tongue touch all of the back teeth.

Hint: Medium i ( ) has the same sound aslong e ( ).Note: In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the medium i ( )sound is pronounced: i:

vowel

37

kiwi (k w )

A kiwi is an oval-shapedfruit with rough, brown skinand sweet, green pulp.

police (p l s )

A police officer enforceslaws, maintains order andkeeps citizens safe.

ski (sk )

A ski is one of a pairof long, narrow strips ofwood or other materialfastened to boots forgliding over snow.

38

long i ( )

The long i ( ) sound is made by opening themouth wide. The teeth are apart, with some ofthe top and bottom front teeth shown. Thesides of the tongue touch the top back teeth.

Hint: Long i ( ) is sometimes written as ie, uyor y.Note: In the International Phonetic Alphabet, the long i ( ) soundis pronounced: ai

vowel

39

ice cream ( s kr m)

Ice cream is a dessertmade of frozen cream andsugar. It can be served ina dish or a cone.

island ( l nd)

An island is a piece ofland which is completelysurrounded by water.

ivy ( v )

Ivy is a green-leafed vinewhich climbs walls andfences. Sometimes it isused for decoration.