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Fathur AB

Anin A

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Hari A

Gary A

Dhika AB

April AB

Mulya AB

Rizka B

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Taegyun A


List of countries by number of Internet users

Source: Wikipedia

0,00%

20,00%

40,00%

60,00%

80,00%

100,00%

User : Population


About SIP

• SIP is a IETF standard protocol for peer-to-peer signaling protocol

• Support HTTP and SMTP

• SIP components:

– User Agent: • User Agent Client

• User Agent Server

– Server

SIP SERVER

PROXY

REDIRECT

REGISTRAR

LOCATION

UAC

UAS

UAC

UAS

SIP USER AGENT SIP USER AGENT

Signaling Messages Between

User Agent And Server


SIP Messages

SIP has 2 types of messages:

• Request, sent from client to server, which contain type of operation

• Response, sent from server to client, which contain status information

Six types of request messages: • INVITE : shows an invitation to a user or service • ACK : shows a confirmation from a previous invitation • OPTION : used to query a server’s capabilities • BYE : sents by a user to terminate a communication • CANCEL : used to cancel a previous request • REGISTER : used to register a client in contact information


IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)

Course Number : TTH2A3

CLO : 4

Week : 12


TCP/IP Stacks

Q: What is the difference between voice and multimedia communication?

Source: Wikipedia By en:User:Kbrose and en:User:Cburnett


Technology Drives Telecommunication Company’s Portfolio

• From Circuit Switch (TDM) to Packet Switch (IP)

• From voice to multimedia (image, video, etc)

• From “fixed or mobile?” to “fixed and mobile”

• From telecommunication purposes to web purposes

The World

Phone Lines

Population

The World

Mobile Phone

Population


What is IMS?

• IMS is an architecture framework

• Based on SIP and IP

• Platform to deliver multimedia service

• 3GPP standard from Next Generation Wireless Network

• Include standard for integration to support wireless-wireline convergence


IMS Protocol: Signaling

• SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) – application-layer protocol for call setup, modification, and termination

of a multimedia session

– open standard and text-based protocol from IETF

– chosen for IMS for its flexibility and fast development

– able to communicate to all elements in IMS (CSCF, MGCF, BGCF, AS, IMS Client)

• Diameter – application-layer protocol for AAA (Authentication, Authorization,

Administration)

– open standard and text based protocol from IETF

– used for communication between HSS-CSCF and HSS-AS


IMS Protocol: Multimedia Data

• RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol)

– is a network protocol to deliver audio & video over IP Networks

– open standard from IETF


3GPP/TISPAN IMS Architecture


IMS Architecture: App and ENUM Server

Application Server (AS) provides value added IMS Services

DNS (Domain Name System) / ENUM (Electronic NUMber mapping) Server provides:

• ENUM convert Tel URI to SIP URI

• DNS converts NE domain name to IP Address (by querying NAPTR, SRV, and A/AAAA)


IMS Architecture: CSCF

CSCF (Call Session Control Function) is the main element in IMS for call setup, supervise, route, integrate, and terminate multimedia session.

P-CSCF (Proxy CSCF), entrance to IMS core network, works as controller for security, NAT and QoS

I-CSCF (Interrogating CSCF), route signaling session to S-CSCF

S-CSCF (Serving CSCF), choose which AS to serve the SIP message, and provides routing using ENUM


IMS Architecture: HSS, MRF, and GCF

HSS (Home Subscriber Server) contain database of subscribers, such as user profile and user authorization level

MRF (Media Resouce Function) provides resource to support special services, such as multi-way conference bridges, announcement playback, and media transcoding. This is done by collaboration between MRFC (Media Resource Function Control) and MRFP (Media Resource Function Processor)

BGCF (Breakout Gateway Control Function) decides next hop to deliver SIP message

MGCF (Media Gateway Control Function) translates protocol to control multimedia session


Registration Flow

1. Initial register message

(1) Register

(3) Register

(5) Register

(6) Authentication Data

(7) 401

(8) 401

(9) 401

S-CSCF-A

HSS-A

P-CSCF-A

I-CSCF-A

(4) Assign S-CSCF

(2) DNS query

DNS

UE

2. 2nd register message

(10) Register

(12) Register

(14) Register

(15) User profile

(16) 200 OK

(17) 200 OK

(18) 200 OK

S-CSCF-A

HSS-A

P-CSCF-A

I-CSCF-A

(13) Assign S-CSCF

(11) DNS query

DNS

UE


Session Establishment for PSTN and PLMN

IMS User Initial Call to PSTN/PLMN User PSTN/PLMN User Initial Call to IMS User


MSS Mobile Soft Switch


Mobile Network Topology

Source: Wikipedia By Tsaitgaist - original from User:Cvaldaredesigned


Circuit Switch vs. Mobile Soft Swicth

(Control) MSC-S

Layered Architecture network Classic circuit-switched network

MSC-S Control Layer

MSC Connectivity Layer

MGw

IP MSC MSC MGw MGw TDM

MSC MSC MGw MGw

MSC Server

Mobile Media Gateway MGw (Switching)

Classic MSC

MSC (Control and Switching)


Mobile Soft Switch

Layered Architecture – MSC and Media Gateway

“Non Layered Architecture” “Layered Architecture”

Control Plane

Control Plane

Gateway Control

User Plane (payload)

User Plane (payload)

MGW ATM IP TDM

ATM TDM IP MSC/VLR

MSC/MGW

GSM TDM

UMTS

ATM TDM IP MSC server UMTS GSM


MSS Benefits

Each layer can grow independently

End-user applications ƒ Control

– Centralised location of servers

reduces O&M cost

– Independent of transport technology GMSC/Transit

SG

HLR MSC-S

Control ƒ Connectivity

–

–

Same transport for all services

Free choice of transmission

technology

Distributed MGWs enables

transmission and interconnection

charges savings

Enables transport of coded voice

SGSN GGSN

PSTN ISDN

Connectivity WCDMA Access

– M-MGW M-MGW

Internet Intranet

GSM/ EDGE Access

–


MSS Benefits

ƒ

ƒ

M:N relations for MSC-S and MGW

Optimal and efficient investments (CAPEX) due to independence

the layers from each other

of

–

–

Resource dimensioning for Servers or for MGws

Choice of transport technologies (TDM, ATM, IP)

MGW ATM IP TDM

MGW ATM IP TDM

MGW ATM IP TDM

MGW ATM IP TDM

MGW ATM IP TDM

MSC server UMTS GSM

MSC server UMTS GSM

MSC server UMTS GSM


Signaling in PLMN

Existing:

Layering:


Signaling in PLMN (Layered Architecture): GCP (H.248)


Signaling in PLMN (Layered Architecture): BICC


Signaling in PLMN (Layered Architecture): Bearer Control


MSAN Multi Service Access Node


Topology

MSAN

fiber optic

> 3 km

IP Network


Typical Wire Line Access (Previous) Configuration Access Network QE

SC

MDF

• SC = Street Cabinet

• MDF = Main Distribution Frame


Wire Line Access Configuration: Enhancement 1

• RDSLAM = Remote DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer)

Insert Node R-DSLAM

MDF

SC R-DSLAM

IP network

POOR, >3 – 4 KM


Wire Line Access Configuration: Enhancement 2 Insert Node R-DSLAM

SC ROT COT R-DSLAM

IP network

DDF

V5.2

X tie line IP DSLAM

MDF


Wire Line Access Configuration: Final Phase Media GW / MSAN

IP network

SSW

APP SERVER

SGW Media GW / MSAN DDF


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