aaxuink nari k e samn e c una eitya ~ aa er nari ke...
TRANSCRIPT
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AXyay 5
Aaxuink narI ke samne cunaEitya~ AaEr
narI ke szKtIkr[ ke %pay
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narI AaEr pué; iksI -I dez ke smaj AaEr pirvar ka Aiv-aJy A<g hE,
leikn àacIn kal se hI daenae< me< ka)I iv;mta hE, pirvar, s<Sk&it, rajnIit Aaid
]eÇae< me< pué; ka hI vcRSv rha hE AaEr SÇI %skI AnugaimnI bnkr -Uimka in-atI
rhI hE, Aaxuink yug me< iSÇyae< kI smSyaAae<, Aaka<]aAae< AaEr %nke ivkas kae
Xyan me< rokr oulkr ccaR haene lgI hE AaEr #sme< oud mihla@~ -I -ag lekr
Apne AiStTv kI oaej me< inr<tr b–F rhI hE, phle rajnIit, smaj seva AaEr
smaj suxar pué;ae< ka hI ]eÇ mana jata wa, Ab smaj me< ANyay ka ivraex krne
ke hr AaNdaeln me< mihla@< -I ApnI -Uimka in-ane lgI hE<, Svt<Çta ke bad
bna@ g@ kanUnae< @v< purane àavxanae< me< s<zaexnae<, Adaltae< AaEr ivi-Nn s<gQnae< kI
sjgta twa i³yazIlta ke kar[ ANyay AaEr ATyacarae< maEn rhkr Helne kI
àv&iTt ka Swan Ab #nke ivéÏ l–fa$ kI àv&iTt ne le ilya hE, phle bdnamI ke
fr se l–fikyae< ke saw hu$ JyadtI kI obr kae dbane me< hI pirvar ka iht mante
we, leikn Aaj ATyacarae< ka ivraex krne AaEr Apraixyae< kae d<–f idlane ke il@
ma~ bap twa irZtedar Aage Aane lge hE<, mihla@< Apne ^pr haenevale ATyacarae< ke
ivéÏ izkayt krne ka jae sahs sIimt Str pr hI shI, idoa pa$ hE<, vh %nke
b–Fte AaTmivZvas @v< sahs ka àtIk hE, ‘‘mihla@< phle se khI< Aixk
jagêk hE< AaEr %sme< Apne kae bdlne kI ic<garI )Uq cukI hE, Apne Aixkarae<
AaEr AiStTv kI #s phcan v jagêkta kae narI smanta kI yaÇa kI phla
kdm mana ja@ tae -artIy narI vha~ tk phu~c cukI hE,’’ 1
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1. -artIy s<ivxan AaEr narI
Svt<Çta ke bad s<ivxan me< @ese Anek àavxan ikye gye, ijnse iSÇyae< kae
Aage b–Fne ke ivze; Avsr imle, s<vExaink d&i:q se iSÇyae< kae pué; ke sman
ivkas ke Avsr idye we, -artIy s<ivxan me< àTyek SÇI AaEr pué; kae Aixkar
id@ g@ hE<, mihlaAae< ke ivkas ke il@ Anek mhTvpU[R kdm %Qa@ g@ hE<,
AnuCDed 14 ke ANtgRt pué; AaEr mihlaAae< kae AaiwRk, rajnEitk @v< samaijk
êp me< sman Str v Avsr àaPt hE<, AnuCDed 15 me< iksI nagirk ke ivéÏ kevl
xmR, v<z, jait, il<g, jNm Swan ya #nme< se iksI ke Aaxar pr kae$ iv-ed n krne
ka %Lleo hE, #s AnuCDed kI kae$ bat raJy ke iSÇyae< AaEr balkae< ke il@ kae$
ivze; %pbNx krne se invairt nhI< krega, ‘‘iksI -I nagirk kae xmR, v<z, jait
v il<g ke Aaxar pr iksI -I àkar ke -ed-av kae nhI< mana hE, mihlaAae< ke saw
-ed-av kI mnahI hE, àTyek nagirk ka mUl ktRVy hE ik vh mihlaAae< ka Anadr
n haene de,’’2 AnuCDed 16 me< yh %LLeo hE ik raJy ke AxIn iksI pd pr inyaejn
ya inyuiKt se s<biNxt iv;yae< me< s-I nagirkae< ke il@ Avsr kI smta haegI,
‘‘raJy ke AxIn iksI inyaejn ya pd ke s<bNx me< kevl xmR, mUl v<z, jait,
il<g, jNm Swan, invas ya #nme< se iksI ke Aaxar pr n tae kae$ nagirk ApaÇ
haega AaEr n %sse iv-ed ikya ja@ga,’’3 AnuCDed 16 ke Anusar pué;ae< @v< iSÇyae<
kae ibna iksI -ed-av savRjink inyuiKtya<e twa raejgar ke s<bNx me< sman Avsr
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ka Aixkar hE, xmR, v<z, jait, il<g Aaid ke Aaxar pr iksI -I srkarI raejgar
me< kae$ i-Nnta nhI< roa ja@ga, AnuCDed 23 me< narI deh£ Vyapar se %nkI r]a ka
kuD %pay btaya gya hE, ‘sàezn Aa~) #Mmaerl q+ei)k #n ivmen @{f gLsR @Kq
1956’ pairt ikya gya, tdnusar veZyav&iTt krne, veZyag&h clane AaEr deh Vyapar
kI d&i:q se laegae< kae Aaki;Rt krne jEse kuk&Tyae< kae d{–fnIy Aprax btaya gya
hE, Apraixyae< kae km se km 2 v;R tk Aixktm AajIvn karavas d{–f ka
%Lleo hE, AnuCDed 39 ke Anusar pué; AaEr SÇI kmRkarae< ke SvaSWy AaEr ziKt
ka twa balkae< kI sukumar AvSwa ka duépyaeg n hae AaEr AaiwRk AavZykta se
ivvz haekr nagirkae< kae @esee raejgarae< me< n jana p–fe jae %nkI Aayu ya ziKt ke
AnukUl n hae, AnuCDed 39 me< %Lleo ikya gya hE ik raJy ApnI nIityae< kae #s
àkar indeRizt kre< ik s-I nagirk cah<e ve pué; hae< ya SÇI, jIivka ke saxnae< kae
sman êp se ijsme< sman kam ke il@ brabr ka vetn -I hE twa sman Nyay AaEr
inzuLk ivivx shayta àaPt kr ske<,
àTyek xmR s<àday me< @esI êi–Fya~ àcilt wI<, jae iSÇyae< ke mhTv AaEr %nke
samaijk yaegdan kae pUrI trh se nkartI wI<, iniZct kanUnae< me< pirvtRn krke
%Nhe< Aixk à-avzalI bnaya gya, 1956 me< Aaye ‘%Ttraixkar Aixinym’ ke
Anusar mihlaAae< kae pEt&k s<piTt me< Aixkar àdan idya gya hE, ‘dhej in;ex
Aixinym 1986’ ke Anusar dhej lene AaEr dene ke il@ d{–f kI NyUntm Avix 5
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v;R twa jumaRna 15 hjar êpye kr idya gya, yid kae$ VyiKt #ske jarI haene ke
bad dhej lega ya dega tae %se 6 mah tk kI sja AaEr pa~c hjar êpye tk
jumaRna ya daenae< hae skte h<E, ‘‘1983 me< srkar ne -artIy d<–f s<ihta, -artIy saúy
Aixinym twa Aprax ài³ya s<ihta Aaid kae s<zaeixt krke blaTkar @v<
mihlaAae< ke %TpI–fn jEse Apraxae< ke il@ k–fI sja ka àavxan ikya, -artIy
d<–f s<ihta me< yh àavxan -I ikya gya ik pit Awva ANy iksI irZtedar Öara -I
yid mihla ke ivéÏ indRyta brtI jatI hE, tae vh -I d<–fnIy Aprax hE,’’4
‘sman pairïimk Aixinym 1976’ ke Anusar mihlaAea< kae -I pué;ae< ke saw
brabr kam ke il@ %nke sman mjdUrI ka àavxan hE, Aixinym 1986 me<
mihlaAae< ke AnEitk Vyapar kI raekwam pr bl idya gya hE, #s àkar sb àkar
kI veZyav&iTt twa iSÇyae< kI orId£)raeOt pUrI trh se gEr kanUnI hE, 73 ve<
s<zaexn Öara ¢am p<caytae< @v< ijla p<caytae< twa 74 ve< s<ivxan s<zaexn Öara
ngrpailkaAae<, ngringmae< twa ANy SwanIy inkayae< me< -I s-I Str ke
@k£itha$ Swan mihlaAae< ke il@ Aari]t kr idye gye,
#s àkar -artIy s<ivxan me< mihlaAae< ke s<r][ ke il@ ivi-Nn %pbNxae<
ka %Lleo hE, s<vExaink d&i:q se SÇI AaEr pué; kI smanta SvIkar kr lI gyI
hE, dhej in;ex Aixinym, ivvah ivCDed AaEr %Ttraixkar s<bNxI kanUn pas
krke iSÇyae< ke àit sidyae< se haenevale AaiwRk AaEr samaijk ANyayae< kae kanUnI
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inymae< Öara smaPt kr idya gya hE, rajnIitk ]eÇ me< -I %nkae Aar][ dene kI
"ae;[a kI gyI hE, s<ivxan ke Anusar SÇI pué;ae< kae sman Aixkar hE prNtu kevl
sunne ke il@ hE àv&iTt me< nhI<, SÇI muiKt AaNdaeln AaEr SÇI iz]a ke kar[ SÇI
kI halt me< bdlav jêr Aaya hE, leikn pué; àxan VyvSwa d&–F hE, Aaj -I
Aixka~z iSÇyae< kae ApnI jIvn sawI cunne kI Svt<Çta nhI< hE, iSÇyae< ke il@
àawimkta hmeza pirvar AaEr "r hI rhta hE, pirvar ke -Itr hI Asmanta,
ASvat<Èy bne rhte hE<, @k trh se iSÇyae< ke àit ATyacar kI "qnaAae< me< v&iÏ hae
rhI hE, mu<b$, idLlI, ceNnE Aaid zhrae< ke yaEn zae;[ v ANy Apraxae< kI "qnaAae<
ke Aa~k–fe hr sal b–Fte hI ja rhe hE<, Aaj mihlaAae< kI ic<tn ziKt me< %praeKt
cetna ka s<car hae cuka hE ijske )lSvêp ve ka)I %Cc pdae< pr -I AasIn h<E
jha~ %nka àvez ini;Ï mana jata wa jEse puils, sena, rel iv-ag, hva$ jhaj
Aaid ]eÇae< me< iSÇya~ àvez kr cukI hE<,
2. iSÇyae< ke sm] cunaEitya~
beqI kae seivka AaEr beqe kae SvamI êp me< iciÇt krne ke -artIy s<Skar me<
AaErt kI Aaka<]aAae< kae AndeoI kI g$ hE, -art me< iSÇyae< kae saxar[t> Aixk
zalIn, dyalu, àem, bildan, twa ivnèta ke àtIk ke êp me< sraha gya hE,
iSÇyae< kae ApnI pU[R ]mta idoane ka Avsr k-I nhI< imla Kyae<ik pué; àxan
smaj ne Aixktr SÇI mans kae iny<iÇt ikya hE, ‘‘mihlaAae< kae ijNhae<ne Apne
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pirvar twa smaj ke il@ vStut> Svy< kae imqa idya, yaejnabÏ ivkas ke pa~c
dzkae< ke bad -I %Nhe< samaijk VvSwa me< ywaeict Swan nhI< imla hE,’’5 pué;ae< ke
il@ yh sTy maNy nhI< hE ik iSÇae< ka djaR %nke brabr hE, pué; sda hI SÇI se
pU[R smpR[ kI àTyaza rota hE, iSÇya~ Sv-av se Aixk Vyvhar kuzl AaEr
kmRQ hE, SÇI kI #n szKt l][ae< kae nkarkr smaj me< pué;ae< kae Aixk szKt
mana gya AaEr ~̂ca Swan idya gya Kyae<ik ve zarIirk êp se ziKtzalI hE<,
iSÇyae< kae jb Avsr imle hE<, %Nha<ene ivi-Nn ]eÇae< me< ApnI mhTvpU[R -Uimka Ada
kI hE, cahe vh rajnIit ka ]eÇ hae, %*aeg hae, iz]a Awva jaeiom se -re
pvRtaraeh[ AaEr oel ke ]eÇ hae<,
narI àgit AaNdaeln me< SÇI pué;ae< ke Aixkar s<bNxI vE;My dUr kr %nme<
smanta (equality of sex) Swaipt krne kI ccaR ivze; cl rhI hE, bhut se
paZcaTy dezae< me< vha~ kI iSÇyae< kae pué;ae< ke sman Aixkar àaPt hae cuke hE<,
Aaxuink mihla %pNyaskarae< ke %pNyasae< me< sman Aixkar ka yh ÖNÖ
Ai-VyKt ikya gya hE, ‘iDNnmSta’ %pNyas kI ‘iàya’ namk SÇI paÇ narI
smanta ka smwRn krtI hE, iàya pit ke sman Vyapar krna cahtI hE, pit kae
yh psNd nhI<, iàya se ihsab ma~gna, irjvR bE<k kae pÇ ilokr ibjnes bNd
krne kI xmkI Aaid ke kar[ %sne pit ka "r Dae–f idya, sman Aixkar ke bare
me< iàya kI saec hE£ ‘‘SÇI pué; ka s<bNx mailk AaEr gulam ka·? -aeKta AaEr
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-aeJya ka? VyiKt AaEr vStu ka? kb tk yh ÖNÖ clega?’’6 yha~ pTnI ApnI
#CDa se kuD krna cahtI hE, p–FI iloI haene ke kar[ vh Apne Aixkarae< ke il@
s<";R krtI rhtI hE, pué; vgR ke Anusar pTnI kae ApnI pTnI êp me< hI rhna
caih@, %se sman Aixkar kI ma~g nhI< krnI caih@, ‘‘àacIn kal me< iSÇyae< kae
Abla (weaker sex) ke nam se Ai-iht ikya jata wa AaEr Abla haene ke
kar[ pué;ae< ka nairyae< pr àaxaNy smHa jata wa, narI jait kI zarIirk ]mta
se la- %Qakr pué;ae< ne s<pU[R êp se %Nhe< pravl<bI bna idya, pué;ae< ne yh smH
ilya ik iSÇya~ àk&it se hI prvza haetI hE< AaEr pué;ae< ke AxInSw haekr rhne me< hI
%nka ïey hE, pué;ae< ne iSÇyae< kI #s praxIn iSwit kae shjat smHkr %nkI
AaiTmk %Nnit ke il@ k-I ce:qa nhI< kI,’’7 leikn Aaj iz]a AaEr naEkrI ke
kar[ àor VyiKtTv s<pNna narI pué; ke prMpragt Aixkarae< kae manne ke il@
tEyar nhI< hE, vh Apne Svt<Ç VyiKtTv kI phcan @v< smanta kI ma~g krne
lgI, k-I k-I vh ivÔaehI -I bn jatI hE, ivvah Aaid batae< me< vh Svt<Ç in[Ry
lena cahtI hE, ivvah ke bad pit kI dasI bnkr nhI< sCce AwR me< pit ke saw
sm-aignI bnna cahtI hE AaEr Apne VyiKtTv kae nyI idza dene me< pirïm krne
lgI hE, Aaxuink jIvn kI VySttaAae< me< narI kI -I ApnI duo, pI–fa Aaid
smSya@~ hE<, Apna svRSv smpR[ krne ke bad -I pué; %se smanta, Svat<Èy
Aaid kI d&i:q se Apne jIvn me< %ict Swan dena nhI< cahte Kyae<ik %nme< Apna
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Ah< àbl hE, Anek mhan netaAae< ne -artIy narI kae Apne bNxnae< kae tae–fkr bahr
inklne ka Aadez idya, SvamI ivvekanNd ka ivcar wa £ ‘‘jb tk iSÇyae< kI
halt suxrI nhI< ja@gI tb tk s<sar me< sm&iÏ kI kae$ s<-avna nhI< hE, p]I @k
p<o pr k-I nhI< %–f pata,’’8
‘ékaegI nhI< raixka’ %pNyas kI ‘raixka’ Apne Svat<Èy kI oaej me<
-qktI hE, SvaxInta ke bare me< vh ApnI ray VyKt krtI hE £ ‘‘hmare yha~ iktnI
l–fikyae< ka cirÇ pU[Rt> ivkist hae pata hE? mata£ipta Apne hI ivcarae< kae %n
pr waepte rhte hE<, rha mera sval, mE< SveCDapU[R jIvn kI #tnI AadI hae g$ hU~ ik
iv¸n sh nhI< patI,’’9 ‘Aapka b<qI’ %pNyas kI zkun ke saw -I yh smSya
%TpNn haetI hE, pit Ajy dUsrI zadI kre< tae smaj kae maNy hE leikn zkun
AkelI jIvn ibtatI hE AaEr jb fa· jaezI ke saw dUsra ivvah krne ka inZcy
krtI hE tae %se smSyaAae< ka samna krna p–fta hE, yha~ pué; jae cahe kr skte
hE< SÇI kae #s trh kI Svt<Çta nhI< dI jatI, ‘@k pTnI ke naeq!s’ %pNyas kI
naiyka kivta p–FI£iloI, suizi]t, naEkrIpeza AXyaipka hE jae pit ke ivicÇ
Sv-av kae lekr prezan hE, %ska pit cahta ik %skI pTnI hmeza %sIkI bnI
rhe, ha~ me< ha~ imlaye, pUrI trh se vh %sI pr in-Rr kre, ‘pcpn oM-e lal
dIvare<’ kI su;ma, ‘ékaegI nhI< raixka’ kI raixka, ‘Aapka b<qI’ kI zkun
‘iDnmSta’ kI iàya Aaid iSÇya~ ApnI VyiKtgt Svt<Çta ke il@ s<";Rrt hE<,
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su;ma @k AXyaipka hE, vafRn hE leikn smaj ke –fr se Aivvaiht rhne ka )Esla
krtI hE, iàya khtI hE £‘‘@k pué; pEse kmata hE AaEr dae car laegae< kae pal deta
hE, leikn SÇI yid sIma@~ la~" ja@~ tae vh par<pirk smaj %ske il@ oTm hae
skta hE,’’10 narI ke injI Svt<Ç AiStTv kI ma~g kI pukar maltI jaezI ke
‘pa;a[ yug’ %pNyas me< suna$ p–fta hE, ‘pa;a[ yug’ kI nIrja Apne pit ke zaex
kayR me< haw b~qate rhne ke kar[ vh Apna zaex kayR kr nhI< patI, Apne sjRk
VyiKtTv pr baxa p–ftI deokr vh pit se khtI hE£ ‘‘Aap cahte h<E ik bs mE<
AapkI se³eqrI bnI rhU~, Aapke pÇae<, puStkae<, xaebI, dUxvale ka ihsab rotI
i)ê~,···········leikn mE< Aam AaErtae< kI trh nhI< hU~, #sil@ lIk se hqkr clI
hU~,’’11
2.1. narI AaEr rajnIit
iSÇyae< ke bare me< svRmaNy tWy yh hE ik iSÇya~ zarIirk êp se AzKt haetI
h<E At> Aixktr %Nhe< pué;ae< pr in-Rr krna p–fta hE, leikn ziKt v xn se yuKt
rajnIit ka ]eÇ -I Aajkl kevl pué;ae< ka ]eÇ nhI< rha hE, rajnIit AaEr zasn
à[alI me< narI kI -I Aaj -agIdarI hE, leikn %ske rajnIitk Aixkarae< v
in[Ryae< pr -I pué;ae< ka dbav bna rhta hE, kuD ivÖanae< ke Anusar rajnIit ke ]eÇ
me< àvez krne pr iSÇya~ iSÇyaeict gu[ae< v ApnI llna£sul- sukumar v&iTtyae< se
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v<ict rh jatI hE<, %nka zarIirk AaEr manisk gQn raJy zasn ke %pyuKt nhI<
haeta AaEr rajnIit me< àvez kr ve "r twa izzupaln ke ktRVyae< kae -Ul jatI hE,
leikn yh sc nhI< hE, hmare dez me< @ese Anek iSÇya~ h<E jae rajnIit me< àvezkr
ApnI ]mta ka pircy dene ke saw saw Apna ktRVy -I saw me< in-akr Aage
b–FtI idoa$ detI hE<,
rajnIit ke ]eÇ me< mihlaAae< ka pdapR[ bIsvI< ztaBdI ke àar<- se hI mana
jata hE, ‘‘bIsvI< sdI ke àwm dzk me< ka<¢es ke SvdezI AaNdaeln me< mihlaAae< ne
@k mhTvpU[R -Uimka Ada kI AaEr dUsre dzk me< ve sIxe rajnIitk ]eÇ me< %tr
p–fI,’’ 12 ïImtI @nI bese<q 1913 me< rajnIitk ]eÇ me< @k kmRQ kayRktaR ke êp me<
AayI AaEr 1917 me< klkTta Aixvezn me< ka<¢es kI àwm mihla AXy]a bnI<,
dez ke rajnIitk ]eÇ me< -artIy mihlaAae< ke si³y yaeg kI idza me< yh phla
kdm wa, ïImtI @nI bese<q kI AXy]ta me< ka<¢es ne @k àStav pas kr ma<g kI
ik iSÇyae< kae -I pué;ae< ke sman hI mtaixkar idya ja@, #s s<bNx me< 18 ids<br,
1917 kae sraeijnI naiyfU ke net&v me< 14 àmuo mihlaAae< ka @k iz:qm<–fl
vaysray la–fR cENs)ae–fR se imla, #s "qna se mihlaAae< kae rajnIitk ]eÇ me<
Aage b–Fne kI àer[a imlI,
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iz]a, }an iv}an AaEr Vyvsay ke ]eÇae< me< mihla@~ ijs àkar Aage b–FI hE<
%sI àkar rajnIit me< Aage nhI< Aa$ hE<, s<sd, ivxan s-aAae< AaEr SwanIy
inkayae< me< mihla sdSyae< kI àay> yh iSwit hE ik ve s<Oya me< km haene ke kar[
Apna p] shI –F<g se àStut nhI< kr patI<, kuD laegae< ke Anusar Aaj ke
rajnIitk ]eÇ ka vatavr[ AaEst -artIy SÇI kI maniskta ke AnukUl nhI< hE,
dez me< rajnIit ke zI;R pr bEQI mihlaAae< kI bat kI ja@ tae yh kha ja skta hE
ik ijtnI -I mihla@~ rajnIit me< h<E ve Apne s<";R ke bl pr km AaEr ivrast kI
rajnIit ke bl pr Jyada hE<, jylilta, saeinya ga~xI, menka ga~xI #ske %dahr[
hE, #s ]eÇ me< mihla@~ sda pué;ae< Öara inxaRirt myaRda ke -Itr rh rhI hE<, ibhar
me< rab–fI devI muOym<ÇI rhne pr pit lalU àsad ke haw me< pUre Aixkar rhe, Aixk
s<Oya me< iSÇyae< kae rajnIitk ]eÇ me< Aana jêrI hE, bhut km mihla s<sd AaEr
ivxayk vha~ kI kayRvahI me< si³y -ag letI hE<, rajnIitk ]eÇ me< -artIy s<sd
me< SÇI s<sd pué;ae< ke samne bhut km h<E, iSÇya~ 8% pué; 92% AaEr SÇI iminSqr
3% pué; 92% ^~ce pd pr iSÇya~ 3% pué; 97%, rajnIit Aaj deziht£saxn ke
bja@ rajnIit}ae< kI mhTvaka<]a pUitR ka saxn bntI ja rhI hE, SvawIR -av %-–
fta gya AaEr seva -avna gaE[ haetI g$, ‘‘kuD mihla ivxaykae< va s<sd sdSyae<
kI ray me< rajnIit @k ‘g<da oel’ bn g$, jae mihla s<Skairta ke AnukUl nhI<
khI ja sktI,’’13 ‘AinTy’ %pNyas me< zu-a namk paÇ rajnIitk laegae< pr
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Vy<Gy krtI hE£ ‘‘ijtna pEsa hmare neta laeg ivdezI yaÇaAae< AaEr ivdezI vI· Aa$·
pI kae ckacaE<x krne me< lgate hE<, %tne me< n jane iktne ga<vae< ka -la hae skta
hE,’’14
ivÖanae< ke Anusar vaStv me< ignI cunI mihla@~ hI hE<, jae kanUn ke tht
àdan kI g$ ApnI ziKtyae< ka #Stemal kr pa rhI hE<, ze; ke il@ tae A-I s<";R
ka @k l<ba raSta samne hE, kuD laeg mihlaAae< kae %nke Aixkarae< se v<ict rone
ke il@ rajnIitk dlae< kae dae;I mante hE<, pué;ae< ke vcRSvvale rajnIitk ]eÇ me<
mihlaAae< kI brabrI ke il@ smy lgega, mihlaAae< kae shI Swan #s ]eÇ me<
A-I tk haisl nhI< hae paya hE, @k gEr srkarI vumE<s paeiliqkl vac kI
AXy]a fa· vIna nayr ka khna hE £ ‘‘rajnIit me< mihlaAae< ke il@ kae$ jgh
nhI< hE, jae hE vh Aa<izk hE, rajnIit me< mihlaAae< kae pU[R àvez ka Aixkar n
idya jana %nka Apman hE,’’15
rajnIit ke ]eÇ me< mihlaAae< kI ]mtaAae< kI phcan nhI< hae paya hE AaEr
yhI kar[ hE ik mihla kae hr ]eÇ kI -a<it #s ]eÇ me< -I mihla haene ka d<{–f
-ugtna p–f rha hE, ‘‘ANtraR:q+Iy ïm s<gQn (s<yuKt ra:q+ s<") ke @k irpaeqR ke
Anusar pué;ae< ke brabr AaiwRk AaEr rajnIitk sTta pane me< AaErtae< kae A-I h–jar
v;R lge<ge Kyae<ik duinya kI 98 % pU~jI pr pué;ae< ka kBja hE,’’16
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2.2. narI iz]a
narI kae Apne AiStTv AaEr samWyR ka ivZvas AaEr phcan denee kI batae<
pr Xyan idya jay tae sbse àmuo tWy %-rkr samne Aata hE, vh hE narI iz]a,
narI àgit ke àmuo tTvae< me< se @k hE narI iz]a, iz]a ke A-av mee< narI Apne
Aixkarae< ka àyaeg n kr sktI, -art me< Aaj narI iz]a ka bhut àsar hE, 1901
se 1921 tk mihla iz]a ka Jyada àsar huAa, ngrIy ]eÇae< me< kNya ivvah kI
Aayu p–Fa$ ke kar[ b–F g$, p–Fe£iloe VyiKt p–FI iloI piTnya~ cahne lge hE<,
#sI kar[ l–fikyae< me< p–Fa$ krnevalae< kI s<Oya me< tIì v&iÏ hu$, ‘‘1927 se kNya
iz]a, %ske paQ!y³m AaEr ANy AinvayRtaAae< kI Aaer Aiol -artIy mihla
pir;d ne inyimt Apne sMmelnae< me< ivcar krna zuê ikya,’’17 zE]i[k suxar ke
il@ jae sMmeln huAa, %sme< yh ma<g roI g$ ik nEitk AaEr AaXyaiTmk iz]a kae
-I AinvayR ikya jay, narI iz]a ka mtlb wa jIvn s<¢am me< s)l haene kI
tEyarI ijsme< narI shyaeignI ke êp me< "r pirvar kae ACDa sa sMhal ske,
Svt<Çta ke bad narI iz]a pr Aixk bl idya jane lga, p–FnevalI mihlaAae< kI
s<Oya tIìta se b–FI, àTyek jait AaEr jnjait ke il@ iz]a ke Öar oulne lge,
1967 se mihlaAae< kae -I Aa$· @· @s prI]a me< bEQne kI Anumit ivvah ke bavjUd
dI gyI, }an ke ]eÇ l–fikyae< ke il@ oulne lge, izi]t nairyae< ne jIvn ke hr
]eÇ me< pué;ae< ke saw -ag lekr kayR krna Aar<- ikya, i)r -I dez me< svRiz]a
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Ai-yan kI AavZykta p–f g$ hE, ‘‘ijtnI izi]t haetI hE< %nse Aixk Aizi]t
kI s<Oya rhtI hE, yh bhut duod iSwit hE , s<vExaink smanta imlne ke kar[
l–fikya~ àTyek paQ!y³m me< àvez le sktI hE<, samaijk d&i:qkae[ me< -I pirvtRn
huAa hE AaEr narI me< Ape]ak&t suivxa AaEr Svt<Çta hE, narI iz]a ke bavjUd narI
cetna ka A-av i)r -I svRÇ idoa$ p–fta hE,’’18
iz]a ke %d!deZyae< me< sa~Sk&itk %Nnit @k àmuo tTv hE, yh sa~Sk&itk
%Nnit pué; AaEr narI daenae< ke il@ AavZyk hE, jIvn se Avgt haene AaEr s)l
haene ke il@ iz]a kI AavZykta hE, kuD laeg A-I -I ivZvas krte hE< ik iSÇyae<
ka yh kam nhI< hE ik ve ilona AaEr ihsab sIoe<, %Nhe< kuzltapUvRk g&hSwI
s<caln krna caih@, oana bnana, bCcae< ka paln£pae;[ krna %nka phla
ktRVy hE, #sse Aixk kuD nhI<, yid ve p–Fne jaye<gI tae "r ka kam£xNxa n hae
skega,
Aaxuink yug me< mihlaAae< ne iz]a àaPt krne me< %Nnit kI hE, Ab ka)I
s<Oya me< mihla@~ %Cc iz]a àaPt krne ke il@ ivdezI ivZviv*alyae< me< -I jatI
hE< AaEr sMman ke saw %Cc A<k àaPt krke %TtI[R hae jatI hE<, ivi-Nn àkar kI
baxaAae< ke haete hu@ -I mihlaAae< ne iz]a àaPt krne me< AazatIt %Nnit kr idoa$
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hE<, %Nhe< Aixk suivxa@~ dI jaye< tae iniZct hE ik iksI -I iv;y me< pué;ae< se pIDe
nhI< rhe<gI,
mihla %pNyaskarae< ke %pNyasae< me< Anek izi]t narI paÇ hE<, jEse£
‘Aapka b<qI’ kI zkun, ‘%ska "r’ kI @lma, ‘ékaegI nhI< raixka’ kI raixka,
‘ze;yaÇa’ kI Anu, ‘kaehre’ kI iSmta, ‘@k pTnI ke naeq!s’ kI kivta Aaid, ye
izi]t narI paÇ saibt krtI hE< ik iz]a Öara SÇI AaTmin-Rr bntI hE AaEr jIvn
me< AanevalI Aixka~z smSyaAae< ka smaxan kr sktI hE,
iSÇyae< kI %Cc iz]a àaPt krne ke pIDe Aaj ivvah -I @k kar[ hE,
l–fkI yid izi]t hE tae s<piTtzalI pirvar me< ivvah hae skta hE,jha~ l–fkI ka
jIvn suopU[R VytIt hae ske, mhadevI vmaR ke Anusar£ ‘‘yid kqu sTy kha ja@
tae kevl dae hI àkar kI mihla@~ %Cc iz]a kI Aaer A¢sr haetI hE<, @k ve ijNhe<
pué;ae< ke sman Svt<Ç jIvn£invaRh ke il@ %paix caih@ AaEr dUsrI ve ijnka Xyey
#ske Öara ivvah kI tula pr Apne Aapkae guê bna leta hE, #ske Öara ve sugmta
se @esa pit pa sktI hE<, jae xn AaEr iv*a ke kar[ %Nhe< sb àkar kI samaijk
suivxa@~ ibna àitdan kI #CDa ke de skta hE AaEr ve Aa–f<brpU[R suo ka @esa
jIvn VytIt krne kae Svt<Ç hae jatI hE<, ijs pr ktRVy kI xUiml Daya AaEr Tyag
ka -ar nhI< p–fta,’’ 19 ¢amI[ Str kI k$ l–fikya~ Daeqe -a$£bhnae< kae s<-lkr,
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"r ke kamae< kI ijMmedarI me< p–fkr p–Fa$ nhI< kr patI<, #s àkar iz]a se v<ict
Anek iSÇya~ hmare dez me< hE<, mihlaAae< kI iSwit ka AXyyn krne ke il@ Anek
simitya~ @v< Aayaeg giQt ikye gye hE<, #n irpaeqaeR< ke Anusar yh tWy samne Aa
gya hE ik iksI -I ra:q+ ka ivkas vha~ kI s<pU[R manvIy ]mtaAae< ke pU[R %pyaeg
pr in-Rr krta hE, mihla@~ dez kI AaxI jns<Oya ka àitinixTv krtI hE<, At>
ivkas kayaeR< me< %nkI -agIdarI AavZyk hE, SÇI iz]a ke bare me< nehêjI ka
ivcar hE£ ‘‘bhut se laegae< kI xar[a hE ik iSÇyae< kI iz]a pué;ae< kI iz]a se kuD
i-Nn haenI caih@ %Nhe< gahRSWy zaSÇ kI bate< p–FanI caih@, mE< #n ivcarae< me<
shmt nhI< hU~, mera ivcar tae yh hE ik mnu:y ke kayR ]eÇ me< ijtne iv;yae< kI
iz]a kI AavZykta haetI hE, s-I ka }an iSÇyae< kae krana caih@, ijsse ve pué;
ke àTyek kayR AaEr ]eÇ me< shyaeg àdan kr ske<······ iz]a ka AadzR tae yh haena
caih@ ik %se àaPt kr nairya~ Nyay AaEr sTy ATyacar AaEr bura$ se l–f
ske<,’’20
2.3. kamkajI mihla@~
fa· raeih[I A¢val ke Anusar kamkajI mihla kI pir-a;a #s àkar hE£
‘‘kamkajI haene ke il@ de bate< ivze; êp se AinvayR hE<, àwm %ska kayR pit
Awva pirvar ke sdSyae< se Sp:q êp se ya tae p&wk hae ya p&wk maNyta àaPt hae,
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dUsre %se Apne ïm ka àitdan imle, %LleonIy hE ik pit ke saw£saw $<qgara
FaenevalI SÇI£ mjdUrae< kae #sI AwR me< kamkajI mana jata hE,’’21 A<¢jI me<
kamkajI zBd ka AwR hE ‘vikR<g’, Aaj dátrae<, ASptalae<, iv*alyae< Aaid me<
kayRrt mihlaAae< kae -I kamkajI mihla@~ kha jata hE, fa· Ainl gaeyle ne
dátrae< me< kam krnevalI izi]t mihlaAae< kae kamkajI mana hE, fa· Avxez
cNÔguPtjI àzasink ]eÇae< me< kam krnevalI izi]t AxR izi]t nairyae< kae
kmkajI mihla@< mante hE<, kamkajI mihlaAae< ka àmuo kayR hE£ AwaeRpajRn
krna,
Aaxuink yug me< narI ivi-Nn ]eÇae< me< Apna yaegdan de rhI hE<, ra:q+Iy
ANtraR:q+Iy Str pr %sne ApnI phcan bnayI, mh<ga$ ke #s yug me< naEkrI krna
%nke il@ jêrI hae gya, At> naEkrI krne se phle Alg trh kI smSya@~ jNm
le rhI hE<, naEkrI ke kar[ %Nhe< dae àkar kI ijMmedairyae< kae in-ana p–fta hE, @k
hE "relU kam pUra kr %skae Aa~i)s ya kayR ]eÇ jana p–fta hE, Aa~i)s phu~ckr
kmRcarI ke êp me< vha~ ke kam sMhalna p–fta hE, Aajkl s<yuKt pirvar qUqne ke
kar[ muiZkle< b–F gyI<, sara kam g&ih[I kae Akele krna p–fta, kamkajI
mihlaAae< ke vetn pr Jyadatr pit ka Aixkar haeta hE, "r AaEr bahr ke kamae< kI
VyStta ke kar[ k-I k-I vh manisk v zarIirk tnav ka izkar hae jatI hE
AaEr dátr me< %Cc Aixkairyae< Öara manisk v zarIirk zae;[ ka -I %se izkar
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haena p–fta hE, Aa~i)s ke Apne AixkarI kae ouz rona, yaeGytapUvRk kam krna,
shkimRyae< ke suo duo me< -ag lena Aaid %ske ktRVy hae jate hE<, #s trh kI
smSyaAae< se jUHtI huyI jha~ @k Aaer vh sahsI v in–fr hae jatI hE vhI< dUsrI
Aaer tnav ke kar[ duionI -I bntI hE,
Apne pirvar kI AaEr Aa~i)s kI ijMmedairya~ in-atI SÇI ApnI hI bat -Ul
jatI hE jae hE Apna SvaSWy, ^prI taEr pr deoa ja@ tae hr @k kamkajI mihla
kI ijNdgI AaiwRk d&i:q se pU[R hE, vh s<pNn hE leikn %ske ANdénI jIvn s<";R,
zarIirk éGnta, wke£ m<de AaEr jIvn sawI pit mhaedy se Pyar ke dae zBd -I
sunne kae n imle< tae @esI narI ke il@ "r v naEkrI baeH bn jate hE<, Aaj ke
mhangrIy jIvn me< kamkajI mihla kae AiwRk smSyaAae< ka -I samna krna
p–f rha hE,
àStut mihla %pNyaskarae< ne Apne %pNyasae< me< kamkajI mihlaAae< kI
smSyaAae< ka Sp:q icÇ[ ikya hE, ‘pcpn oM-e lal dIvare<’ kI su;ma @k
AXyaipka hE, su;ma phle @k àa#veq ka~lej me< naEkrI krtI wI tb vha~ ke
se³eqrI bhut àlae-n idoate we, leikn Svai-manI su;ma naEkrI Dae–f detI hE, #s
"qna ke bare me< su;ma khtI hE £ ‘‘inxRn mE< -le hI hae^~, pr Svai-manI -I bhut
rhI, jIvn me< k-I k-I @ese Avsr -I Aa@, jbik mE< zrIr ke mael se xn AaEr
Aaram pa sktI wI, pr vh mE<ne SvIkar nhI< ikya,’’22 kamkajI mihlaAae< kae
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203
%nkI naEkrI twa %Cc pd ke Anusar smaj me< àiti:Qt Swan -I imlte hE, vhI<
@k saxar[ vafRn AaEr mamUlI AXyaipka haene ke nate su;ma pr cirÇ hInta ka
Aaraep lgaya jata hE, Aivvaihta su;ma ne nIl namk yuvk kae Pyar ikya hE,
ià<ispl su;ma se #StI)a ma~gta hE AaEr %se va–fRn pd se hqane ka àyTn krta hE,
‘Aapka b<qI’ kI zkun -I Aaxuink kamkajI mihlaAae< kI àitinix hE, smaj me<
%ska àiti:Qt Swan hE, jb vh pit se tlak lene ke bad Akelapn kae imqane ke
il@ fa· jaezI ke saw s<bNx rotI hE tb %se dátr me< smSyaAae< ka samna krna
p–fta hE, cahe kamkajI mihla -I Kyae< n hae, %ske il@ smaj me< Aivvaiht ya
AkelI rhne ka Svat<Èy nhI< hE, ;–fy<ÇkarI AaEr kuiql laegae< ke kar[ kamkajI
mihlaAae< ke jIvn me< s<kq Aa jata hE, su;ma ke s<d-R me< kh skte hE< ik #s ]eÇ
me< k-I k-I narI hI narI ka zÇu idoa$ detI hE, ‘prDa#yae< ke pIDe’ %pNyas kI
suimÇa @k mXyvgIRy kamkajI narI ka àtIk hE, naEkrI se laEqte hI pit ke zk
ka izkar bntI hE, ApnI tnOvah me< se suimÇa AaxI tnOvah brabr mihpal kae
-ejtI rhtI, vh -I %sse pEsa ma~gta rha, ‘pcpn oM-e lal dIvare<’ kI naiyka
su;ma ke bare me< thsIldar dube ka mt hE £ ‘‘vh AXyaipka Aaxuink yug kI hE,
ikNtu %sme< pairvairk ijMmedarI ka #tna baeH hE ik %skae in-ane me< vh Apna
bildan kr detI hE, pirvar kI dynIy iSwit ke kar[ mata£ipta -I ApnI puÇI
ke àit Apne %TtrdaiyTv se ivmuo hae jate hE<,’’23
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subh %Qkr pirvar ke il@ -aejn, "r kI sa) s)a$, HafU btRn, kp–fe
xaena, bal bCcae< ka paln£pae;[, sas£ssur kI seva, AaitWy sTkar, samaijk
Vyvhar Aaid @k saxar[ g&ih[I ka kam hE, #tne sare kam krne ke bad vh oud
khtI hE ‘bs mE< "r me< hI rhtI hU~ kuD kam nhI< krtI’, "r ke kam kae Aixka~z
iSÇya~ Apna %TtrdaiyTv mantI hE<, "r ke kam me< -I smy AaEr ziKt lgte hE<,
yh kam kae$ naEkr Öara kraya ja@ tae vh kamkaj kI igntI me< Aa jata hE,
Anek "rae< me< @esI halt hE jae SÇI kam krke kmatI hE, %ske Apne injI vetn kae
-I ocR krne ka Aixkar %ska àay> nhI< haeta, vetn pué;ae< ke haw me< de idya
jata hE, i)r narI kI injI AavZyktaAae< ke il@ %nse pEse ma<gna p–fta hE, k-I
k-I ivvah ke phle yh inZcy ikya jata hE ik l–fkI kI kma$ pr n l–fkI ka
Aixkar hE, n l–fkI ke mata£ipta ka, vh ssural kI s<piTt manI jatI hE,
Aa~i)s me< Jyada kam p–fne pr yid der se vh "r laEqI tae s)a$ pez krna p–fta
jEse derI ke il@ vhI ApraixnI hE,
Aajkl iSÇyae< ke naEkrI krne ke pIDe ivvah -I @k kar[ hE, l–fkI
naEkrI krtI hE tae km dhej se kam cl skta hE, smaj ACDI SÇI %se mantI
hE, jae pit AaEr bCcae< kae iola@, Aitiw ka Oyal roe<, sas£ssur kI seva me< lge
rhe, yid vh naEkrI krtI hE tae ye sare kam pU[R krne ke bad hI kayaRly ke kam
ke il@ smy inkalna p–fta hE,
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2.4. pit£pTnI ke s<bNxae< me< qkrav
SÇI AaEr pué; jb @k saw kam krne lge<< tb daenae< me< àityeigta kI -avna
%TpNn haetI hE, s<bNxae< me< AsNtae; )El jata hE, kEiryr me< ^~ce pd àaPt kr
Aage b–Fne kI s<-avna me< pirvar -I qUqne lgte hE<, -art me< pué; àxan smaj
VyvSwa haene ke kar[ pué; kae ‘pit prmeZvr’ ke êp me< àiti:Qt ikya gya, pué;
iSÇyae< se seva, Tyag ma~ga tae bdle me< wae–fa sa Pyar dene me< ihcka, hr pué; pit
sev krnevalI b–fe bujugaeR< ka Aadr krnevalI zalIn @v< TyagmyI pTnI cahta hE,
#ske ivprIt pTnI Svy< jb Apne Alg VyiKtTv kI àit:Qa cahtI hE tb vha~
tnav %TpNn haeta hE, Aajkl laeg saecte hE< ik yid pit pTnI daenae< naEkrI krte
hE< tae pirvar ACDa sa cla skta hE, hr ]eÇ me< saw saw kayR krne ke kar[
pit pTnI ke mxur irZtae< me< -I pirvtRn Aaya hE, Aaj tlak kI s<Oya -I b–F
rhI hE,‘‘AaiwRk Svt<Çta AaEr AiStTv ke il@ iSÇyae< ne pué;ae< se qkrana zuê
ikya, %se pué; smaj bdaRZt nhI< kr ska, sidyae< se SÇI pr @kaixkar pué;
Apna ktRVy smHta rha hE, #n dae ivprIt iSwityae< ke kar[ SÇI£pué; ke
prMpragt s<bNx iv"iqt hu@ hE<,’’ 24
Apne kEiryr kae lekr naEkrI peza pit£pTnI ke bIc DaeqI DaeqI batae< kae
lekr kquta Aa jatI hE, daenae< me< se @k Apne kae Daeqa smHkr %Cc idoane ka
àyTn krta hE, @esI iSwit me< Apne se kqkr, ivprIt idzaAae< kI Aaer clte hE<,
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tt!pZcat pirvar qUqte hE<, pit£pTnI me< ivZvas n:q hae jate hE, pir[amt> daenae<
tlak lene kI halt tk phu~c jate hE<, ‘iDNnmSta’ %pNyas kI iàya jb
Vyvsay me< Aage b–FI hE tae pit nreNÔ %ske ^pr Anek Aaraep lgata hE, %se
cirÇhIn khta hE, iàya khtI hE £ ‘‘mE<ne nreNÔ ke AxIn rhkr jae kuD -I
ikya,vh sb SvIk&t wa, mgr kayR jgt me< jb mE< Svt<Ç in[Ry lene lgI, muHse
%skI ingah me< pTnI kI -Uimka nhI< in-a skI wI, merI hr bat me< %se saE saE
oaimya~ njr Aane lgI wI<, muHe Apne kam se bahr jana rhta AaEr nreNÔ %sI
idn paqIR de –falta, vh -I %sI idn subh muHse khta, %se mere s<pkR me< Aanevale
hr VyiKt se jln haetI, icF mctI,········· vh k-I muHse mere kam ke bare me<
bate< nhI< krta, pr Apne bare me< "<qae< bael skta wa,’’25
pit pTnI me< jb Ahm ka -av jag jata hE tae pUra pirvar ibor jata hE,
‘Aapka b<qI’ %pNyas me< zkun AaEr Ajy Ah< ke kar[ tlak lete hE< ijske
kar[ %nke beqe b<qI pr bura Asr p–fta hE, ‘kaehre’ %pNyas me< sunIl pTnI iSmta
kI yaeGytaAae< kae manne ke il@ tEyar nhI< hE, pTnI kae sda Apne se nIce krne kI
àv&iTt %sme< iv*man hE, sunIl jb janta hE ApnI pTnI kviyÇI hE tb %ska
Ahm jag&t haeta hE, iSmta pit ke #s trh ke ivicÇ Sv-av kae manne ke il@
tEyar nhI<, jb vh jantI hE sunIl ANy iSÇyae< ke saw s<bNx rota hE tb vh
tlak lekr ApnI "r clI jatI hE, #s àkar pit£pTnI me< Ahm, AivZvas,
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ASvIkar ke kar[ daMpTy jIvn iv"iqt haeta hE, ‘@k pTnI ke naeq!s’ %pNyas
me< s<dIp AaEr kivta pit pTnI h<E, s<dIp @k buiÏman Aa$· @· @s A)sr hE,
s<dIp cahta hE %skI pTnI hmeza %sse dae kdm pIDe hI cle, daenae< @k dUsre ke
Aage Hukte nhI< we, yha~ smSyaAae< ka inmaR[ haeta hE, ‘‘s<ivxan kI xara ke
Anusar pTnI ke il@ Aixkar id@ g@ hE<, prNtu ye Aixkar maÇ iliot êp me< hI
haete hE<, Aixkar ka àyaeg SÇI kae pué; krne nhI< deta Kyae<ik Svy< Apna Aixkar
jtana cahta hE, #s àkar pué; àxan s<Sk&it me< sTta, v<z, vairs, invas sb
kuD pué; ke hawae< me< haeta hE,’’26
Aaj kI izi]t narI pué; ke Ah< @v< zae;[ kae SvIkar krne kae tEyar nhI<
hE, SÇI ke d&i:qkae[ae< @v< ivcarae< me< pirvtRn Aa gya hE, k-I k-I pit£pTnI ke
s<bNxae< me< tIsre VyiKt kI %piSwit -I Anek smSya@~ pEda krtI hE, ‘‘iborte
s<bNxae< ke kar[ pué; AaEr SÇI daenae< hI dae raStae< pr o–fe imlte hE<, #sse %nme<
Sva-aivk bNxn£hInta AaEr %CD&<olta Aa jatI hE, man£ myaRda ke dayre qUq
jate h<E AaEr Apne pairvairk ku<Qa kae imqane ke il@ bhuSÇI ya bhu pué; s<bNxae< kae
SvIkarne me< -I nhI< ihckte, @ese hI s<bNxae< ke kar[ veZya£v&iTt, kalglR kI
s<Oya b–FtI hE,’’27
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2.5. AaiwRk praxInta
AaiwRk mamlae< me< SÇI hmeza pué; pr in-Rr hE, Aaxuink kal me< Aakr SÇI
naEkrI krke kmatI hE, #s dzk me< SÇI kae -le hI AaiwRk Svt<Çta @k hd tk
imlI hE, i)r -I vh pué; pr hI in-Rr hE, AwR kae lekr SÇI ke jIvn me< smSya@~
Aa gyI hE<, ‘pcpn oM-e lal dIvare<’ kI su;ma p–FI iloI hE AaEr naEkrI krtI
hE, AaiwRk A-av ke kar[ %ska jIvn AxUra rhta hE, su;ma zadI nhI< kr patI
AaEr ApnI pairvairk ijMmedairyae< me< %lHtI hE, pirvar ke il@ oud kI bil de
detI hE, pirvarvalae< ke il@ su;ma pEsa kmanevalI mzIn maÇ hE, fa· Amr àsad
jaysval ke Anusar £ ‘‘Aaj kI AaiwRk smSya AaEr iv;mta ne mnu:y kae kuD
#s àkar ivvz ikya hE ik janbUHkr mnu:y sarI batae< kae %pei]t d&i:q se deota
hE,’’28
AaiwRk A-av ke kar[ SÇI veZyav&iTt Aaid Vyvsayae< me< %lH rhI hE, AwR
daMpTy jIvn me< -I smSya@~ %TpNn kr deta hE, ‘iDNnmSta’ kI iàya @k s<pNn
marva–fI pirvar me< jNmI AaEr b–fe "r kI bhU haete hu@ -I AaiwRk smSya %ske
samne -y<kr êp xar[ kr letI hE, iàya ke pit ke pas Jyada xn hE, i)r -I
AaiwRk A-av ne iàya ke jIvn kae k:qmy bna idya, yzpal jI ke Anusar £
‘‘AwR ke kar[ hI narI ka zae;[ haeta hE AaEr pU~jIvadI smaj VyvSwa narI zae;[
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kae b–Fava detI hE, @ese smaj me< narI kae kevl -aeGya kI hI vStu mana jata
hE,’’29
2.6. veZyav&iTt
smaj kI @k Jvl<t @v< VyaPt smSya hE £ veZyav&iTt, idn àitidn
veZyav&iTt b–FtI ja rhI hE, fa· AMbe–fkr jI ke Anusar veZyav&iTt manv jait pr
lga @k kl<k hE, veZyaAae< ke il@ smaj me< Anek àkar ke bNxn iniZct ikye
gye,‘iDNnmSta’ %pNyas me< iàya kI roEl sas khtI hE £ ‘‘tere Byah pr mE< ja
nhI< skI,······ smaj se iks iks ka mu~h b<d ikya ja@ ’’30 kuD ivÖanae< ke
Anusar veZyaAae< ke ibna smaj kI àgit suinyimt êp se cl nhI< sktI, Anek
laeg veZyaAae< kae smaj ka kl<k smHte hE<, yuKt àa<tIy ka%iNsl ne veZyav&iTt
inraex ke il@ Anek ibl pez ikya, leikn ka%iNsl ke sdSyae< ke ivraex ke kar[
vh ibl pas nhI< huAa, veZyaAae< kae k-I kae$ m<gl kayR me< zaiml haene nhI< dete,
smaj kI d&i:q me< vh %pei]t hE, veZyaAae< ke bCcae< kae -I yh itrSkar -aegna
p–fta, ‘iDNnmSta’ %pNyas kI nIna jae @k roEl kI sNtan hE khtI hE £ ‘‘muHe
pta hE ik mE< @k jayj sNtan hU~, mMmI iktna -I ma~g me< is<dUr lga@~, %s lal
r<g me< wa–efI kailo "ulI hu$ hE #sil@ tae mMmI ka is<dUr cmkta nhI<,’’31
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veZyav&iTt ke kar[ae< me< @k hE hmare smaj kI AaiwRk VyvSwa, saxar[t>
narI veZyav&iTt me< ApnI #CDa se nhI< jatI hE, jIivka ke saxn n imle< tae
mjbUrn vEZyav&iTt krnevalI mihla@~ hE<, ‘sUrjmuoI ANxere’ kI rTtI veZya jIvn
jItI hE, hr raej vh pué;ae< ke pas clI jatI hE, bcpn me< hu@ blaTkar ke kar[
rTtI kI maniskta me< bdlav Aa gya, jIvn me< vh kuD n pa skI, pué;ae< kae
ApnI Aaer Aaki;Rt krne me< vh jIvn kI sawRkta mantI hE, rTtI kI veZyav&iTt
krne ke pIDe manisk ku<Qa@~ h<E, ‘ –far se ibDu–fI’ %pNyas me< pazae ka jIvn -I
veZya ka hE, pazae veZya bnna nhI< cahtI, leikn mjbUrn veZya bn @k ijNda
laz kI trh vh jIvn jItI hE,
mhaTma ga~xI jI ke Anusar£ ‘‘-art v;R ke pué;ae< kae caih@ ik %n hjarae<
iSÇyae< ke iv;y me< gM-IrtpUvRk ivcar kre<, jae inym ivéÏ ApnI #Jjt bectI
hE<,’’32
2.7. dhej àwa
dhej àwa puÇI kae mayke se ivda krte smy -e<q dene kI d&i:q se zuê hu$,
%sme< ma~£bap kI beqI ke àit àem kI -avna àmuo wI, smya<tr me< dhej àw ka
êp bdl gya, laeg AwaRt! l–fkevale dhej pane kI lalsa rone lge, #s àkar
dhej àwa Ab @k ATyacar @v< êi–F bn g$ AaEr ivkral êp xar[ kr cukI,
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Aaj -I l–fkI ke "rvale dhej kae lekr prezan hae rhe h<E, dhj n imlne ke kar[
bhU kae jan se mar dene kI obre< pÇ piÇkaAae< me< Aa rhI hE<, dhej ke km imlne ke
kar[ ssuralvalae< Öara bhuAae< ke ^pr ih<sa saxar[ bat bn gyI hE, dhej me< km
saman ya raiz lane pr pTnI kae àtai–ft krnevale k$ pit hmare Aaspas me< hI
iml skte hE<,
mihla %pNyaskarae< ne àStut %pNyase< me< dhej ke bare me< s<ket ikya hE,
‘iDnmSta’ %pNyas kI iàya kae ApnI zadI ke smy Jyada dhej nhI< imla wa,
pit nreNÔ #skI Aaer s<ket krke btate h<E £ ‘‘Kya lekr Aa$ wI< tum Apne pIhr se
ds -r saena, vh le lae,’’33 Anmel ivvahae< ka -I @k kar[ hE dhej àwa,
fa· mheNÔ -qnagr ke Anusar£ ‘‘ihNdU smaj me< vEvaihk smSya kae dhej àwa ne
Aixk jiql bnaya hE, Anek suNdr, suizi]t AaEr sus<Sk&t l–fikya~ smuict
dhej ke A-av me< kuêp, mUoR AaEr As<Sk&t l–fkae< se Byah dI jatI h<E,’’34
dhej àwa pr kanUn kI raek hE, leikn Anek jghae< me< yh A-I -I clta
rha hE, smaj me< Anek pairvairk smSyaAae< ka kar[ dhej àwa hE )lt> veZya
smSya, Anmel ivvah, v&Ï ivvah, ivxva ivvah Aaid #sIkI %pj hE<,
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3. mihla szKtIkr[ ke %pay
-art me< mihla@~ ivi-Nn vgR ke hE<, @k tae p–FI iloI hE<, kmatI hE< Apne
kayR]eÇ me< s)lta kI Aixkair[I hE, dUsre vgR Anp–F AaEr saxnhIn hE<, %ska
kayR ]eÇ kevl "r AaEr pirvar hE, daenae< vgaeR< ke iSÇyae< kI smSyaAae< me< ANtr hE,
-art me< iSÇyae< kI "r£bahr kI sarI -Uimka pué; àxan VyvSwa Öara inimRt kI
g$ hE, %sI kar[ iSÇyae< ka AaiwRk pué;avl<bn, zarIirk manisk ASvaSWy ka
izkar haena, AaTm ivZvas ka A-av, Svy< kae nIc manna Aaid SÇI ke inMn
Sv-av ke kar[ bn rhe hE<,
mihla szKtIkr[ ke il@ pué;ae< kI maniskta me< bdlav Aana jêrI hE,
pué;Tv ke Ah<kar se %se muKt haena caih@, siMmilt jIvn ke àmuo in[Ryae< me<
iSÇyae< kI -I ray lena pué;ae< ke il@ AavZyk hE, iSÇya~ saxar[t> Apne pirvar
kI SvaSWy £ r]a ke bare me< ijtnI ic<itt haetI hE< %tna Apne SvaSWy ke bare me<
nhI<, At> l–fikyae< ke il@ pae;kahar Aaid kI VyvSwa krna, Apne mn psNd ke
kEiryr cunne ka Avsr dena, pirvarvalae< kae sda jagêk rhna ik l–fikya~
l–fkae< se kuD km nhI<, ye s-I narI szKtIkr[ ke %pay khe ja skte hE<,
szKtIkr[ ka phla Aayam hE £AaTmivZvas @v< Svai-man AaEr #sI pr
Aaxairt hE smaj me< sMmanjnk Swan, pirvar @v< kayRSwlae< pr iSÇyae< pr
haenevale ATyacarae< twa %TpI–fn ke mamlae< me< inrNtr v&iÏ #s tWy kae àStaivt
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213
krtI hE ik s<vExaink êp se szKt haene ke bavjUd iSÇya~ pué;ae< ke s<r][ me< hI
jIvnyapn krne kae ivvz hE<, samaijk, rajnIitk ]eÇae< me< iSÇyae< kI -agIdarI
b–Fana szKtIkr[ ka AaEr @k %pay hE, @k irpaeqR ke Anusar -art me< sman
kayR ke il@ l–fikyae< kae pgaar km imltI hE, %Nhe< kam krne ke maEke km imlte
hE<, ^~ce pd pr %nkI trKkI km haetI hE AaEr tknIkI ]eÇae< me< ve Ape]ak&t Swan
nhI< patI<, #s d&i:q se -art ka Swan ivZv ke 128 dezae< me< 114 va~ hE<, rajnIitk
szKtIkr[ ke ]eÇ me< -artIy s<sd me< SÇI sdSy pué;ae< kI tulna me< bhut km hE<
AaEr SÇI iminSqr -I km hE<, AaiwRk êp se Svavl<bI haene pr AaErt ka
AaTmai-man b–Fega, vh smaj kI s<kI[R pr<praAae< se muKt haekr àgit kI rah
pr cl skegI, Aaj iz]a s<Swanae<, mihla s<gQnae< AaEr mIi–fya ne SÇI ke il@
Aava–j %QayI hE y*ip Svt<Çta ke bad mihlaAae< kI dza me< suxar huAa hE leikn
yh suxar Aaj -I pU[R nhI< hE, ‘‘iz]a ke àcar ke kar[ AaiwRk ]eÇ Vyvsay AaEr
Vyapar me< mihlaAae< ka Swan mhTvpU[R bnta ja rha hE, inMn vgR kI mihlaAae<
ne tae AaiwRk mh<ga$ ke kar[ ivvz haekr mjdUrI Aar<- kI, mXyvgIRy mihla ka
Vyvsay me< àvez ivlMb se huAa, ivze;t> izi]t mXy twa %Cc vgR kI mihla@~
jb ïm ]eÇ me< àiv:q haetI h<E,’’35 dez kI %Nnit ke il@ mihlaAae< kI iz]a kae
àmuota denI caih@,‘‘-art kI mihla iz]a kI ivze; kmeqI ne yh nara idya ik
SÇI iz]a ke Öara SÇI kevl Apna hI Str nhI< b–FayegI biLk SÇI iz]a Öara
pirvar hI nhI< smaj twa sare dez ka -iv:y inxaRirt ikya ja skta hE,’’36 @k
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214
vgR kI mihla@~ izi]t haete hu@ -I %Cc pdae< pr bhut km hI AasIn hE<, -art me<
@esI Anek iSÇya~ hE< ijnkae p–Fa$ krne kI suivxa nhI< imltI, grIb AaEr Anp–F
iSÇya~ zae;[ ka izkar bntI hE<, -art kI svRàwm izi]t mihla p<i–fta rmaba$
ne kha hE£ ‘‘iSÇyae< kae is)R sa]r hI nhI< biLk suiv} haekr pué;ae< kI brabrI me<
samaijk, rajnIitk AaEr xaimRk kayR krna haega yh pap nhI< hE biLk yh %nka
Aixkar hE,’’37 mihlaAae< kI inxRnta dUr krne kI yaejna@~ bnnI caih@,
samaijk, rajnIitk ]eÇae< me< %Cc pdae< pr ivrajman mihla@~ -I oud in[Ry lene me<
AsmwR bna ja rhI hE<, #n s-I ]eÇae< me< rhe pué; vcRSv kae km krne ke il@
iSÇyae< kae pirïm krna haega,
mihlaAae< ke àit hae rhe Apraxae< kI nI<v hmarI samaijk s<rcna me< hE,
grIbI, inr]rta, A}an AaEr Aixkarae< kI jankarI ka A-av Aaid #ske kar[
hE<, samaijk, xaimRk AaSwa@~, ê–F prMpra@~ mihlaAae< kae gaE[ iSwit me< rhne ke
il@ baXy krtI hE<, mihlaAae< me< AaTm ivZvas AaEr AaTm in-Rrta lane ke il@
samaijk d&i:qkae[ me< AamUl pirvtRn AavZyk hE, smaj me< %Cc ]eÇae< jEse
Nyaiyk AaEr puils VyvSwa kae mihlaAae< ke àit s<vednzIl d&i:qkae[ Apnana
haega,‘‘smaj me< ANtinRiht pUvaR¢h jae mihlaAae< ke àit ih<sa ka kark hE, iksI
n iksI êp me< hmare smaj ke pué; sTtaTmk mankae< se ju–fe hE<, ijska smaxan
smaj AaEr smuday ke Str pr hI ikya ja skta hE, mihlaAae< ke àit ih<sa AaEr
pÏit ke s<bNx me< smuday Aaxairt Anus<xan hmare yha~ lg-g ng{y hE<, #ske
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215
il@ Aage Aana caih@, gEr£srkarI s<gQn smaj me< pirvtRn lane, mihlaAae< ke
àit ih<sa ke bare me< %se s<vednzIl bnane ih<sa kI izkar mihlaAae< ke àit
Nyayaly @v< smaj se %ict Nyay idlane me< %Tàerk kI -Uimka in-a skte
hE<,’’38
ra:q+Iy mihla Aayaeg AaEr raJy mihla Aayaeg kae si³y bnane ke kayR hae
rhe hE<, idLlI me< Swaipt mihla Adalte< mihlaAae< ke àit Apraxae< pr mukdma
cla rhe h<E, samaijk d&i:qkae[ae< AaEr ivZvasae< me< bdlav, smaj Öara SvIk&t pué;
vcRSv kae smaPt krna Aaid szKtIkr[ ke %pay hE<, s<car maXymae< me< Aajkl
mihlaAae< ke bare me< Jyada leon Aaid njr Aa rhe hE<, #s pr Jyada bl dekr
mihlaAae< ke jIvn kae %TtrdayI –F<g se àStut kr s<car maXymae< kae mihla
szKtIkr[ ke il@ ApnI -Uimka in-anI haegI, p<ift jvahrlal nehê jI ke
Anusar£ ‘‘jb tk iSÇyae< kae AaiwRk SvaxInta nhI< àaPt haetI AaEr Apne
jIivkaepajRn ka saxn %nke pas nhI< hae jata, tb tk %Nhe< pit Awva iksI
AaEr pr in-Rr rhna p–fega, i)r @esI dza me< %nkI Svt<Çta kEse rh sktI
hE?’’39
srkar ke lao àyTnae< ke bad A-I -I dhej àwa jarI hE, dhej ke nam pr
lfikyae< kae ijNda jla dena, %Nhe< àtai–ft krna, %nke pirvarvalae< kae Apmaint
krna Aaid A-I -I iv*man hE, zaecnIy bat yh hE ik #sme< mihla@~ -I zaiml
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216
haetI hE<, Aaj dhej lenevalae< kI s<Oya b–FtI ja rhI hE, denevalae< ka -I, dhej ke
bare me< fa· hemral inmRm ne kha hE£ ‘‘ivvah ke pZcat! bhU ke dhej kI ccaR ka)I
cltI hE, %ska dhej Aas£ p–faes AaEr s<biNxyae< kae idoaya jata hE, @ese
Avsr pr l–fke£ Hg–fnevalI sas Aixk dhej imlne pr -I As<tae; àkq krtI
hE AaEr klh ke bIj bae detI hE,’’40 s<pU[R smaj kae dhej àwa ka ivraex krna
caih@,
AaErtae< kae Svavl<bI haenI caih@, Svavl<bI haene se SÇI ka Svai-man AaEr
AaTm sMman b–Fta hE saw hI Apne ^pr haenevalI AnIityae< ke ivraex krne kI
]mta vh haisl kr sktI hE, SÇI kae kmjaer bnane me< smaj ke Anek Aacar£
ivcarae<, ivZvasae< ka bhut b–fa haw hE, Aaj -I Anek piTnya~ @esI hE< jae pityae< se
marpIq shkr cup rhtI hE<, ‘‘SÇI szKtIkr[ kI tr) Agr kae$ Qaes kdm
%Qaya ja skta hE tae vh haega izi]t Awva Aizi]t mihlaAae< ke il@
yaeGytanusar raejgar muhEYya krna, raejgar ke yaeGy bnane ke il@ %nke àiz][ v
iz][ kI VyvSwa krna taik ve hr ]eÇ me< kam kr ske<,’’41
21 vI< sdI kI zuéAat me< -art ne sn! 2001 kae mihla szKtIkr[ ka v;R
"aei;t ikya hE, mihlaAae< kI iz]a me< v&iÏ hu$ hE leikn yh @k sTy hE ik dez ka
ivzal mihla vgR Ab -I sa]r nhI< hae paya hE, AaErte< p<caytae< me< muioya AaEr
srp<c tae cunI g$<, leikn vaStivk muioyaigir %nka puÇ ya kae$ pué; hI krta
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217
hE, ‘‘mihla@~ A-I -I pué;vadI saec AaEr xaimRk ANx ivZvasae< se jk–fI hu$ hE<,
szKtIkr[ kI sbse ztR hE cetna, Svavl<bn AaEr inj kI phcan, #ske ibna
mihla szKtIkr[ s<-v nhI< hE,’’42
narI ke b–Fte hu@ ivkas ke kdmae< ke saw saw Aaj -I %ske jIvn kI
smSya@~ %nke AiStTv ke il@ cunaEtI bnkr Aa o–fI hu$ hE<, naEkrI @v< "r kI
daehrI ijMmedarI ke c³VyUh me< vh )~sI rhtI hE, kamkajI mihlaAae< ke il@
pirvar ka shyaeg AaEr saEhaÔRpU[R Vyvhar AavZyk hE, kamkajI iSÇyae< kI
smSyaAae< kae smHne ke àyas %nke pirvarvalae< kae Jyada krna caih@, %nke
saw SnehpU[R btaRv krna caih@,
Aaxuink mihla %pNyaskarae< ke %pNyasae< ke Aixka~z narI paÇ izi]t hE<,
jIvn me< AanevalI smSyaAae< ka invar[ krne kI rah ve FU~–FtI hE<, #n narI paÇae<
kI @k ivze;ta hE £ prMpragt êi–Fyae< se muKt haene ka àyas, izi]t hE< tae
nairya~ AaTm in-Rr bntI hE<, ve ApnI ijMmedairyae< kae phcantI hE<, Aaxuink yug
me< SÇI AaEr pué; daenae< naEkrI krte hE< AaEr pairvairk smSyaAae< ka samna krte hE<,
narI kae -I iz]a Öara nyI d&i:q imlI hE vh -I sman Aixkar kI ma~g krne lgI
hE, pué; narI ke #s prvtRn kae sh nhI< skta, #s àkar pit£pTnI ke s<bNxae< me<
AzaiNt jgh kr letI hE, #n smSyaAae< ke invar[ ke bare me< ‘iDNnmSta’
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%pNyas kI iàya khtI hE £ ‘‘hr VyiKt Apne Aap me< @k #ka$ AvZy haeta hE pr
%sme< sCce SÇI AaEr pué; vhI hae pate hE< jae pué; àxan smaj kI sImaAae< kae par
krke Apne Sv-av me< SÇI kI ké[a kae s<ict kr pate hE<, ve hI jIvn ka sCca
s&jn kr pate hE<,’’43 à-a oetan ke Anusar£ ‘‘muiKt kI phlI ztR SÇI kI
AaiwRk Svt<Çta hE, yid #s @k ztR kae kae$ AaErt pUra kr letI hE tae vh ApnI
ijNdgI kI AaxI l–fa$ jIt letI hE,’’44
pué; àxan smaj VyvSwa ke kar[ iSÇyae< ka AaiwRk pué;avl<bn, zarIirk
AaEr manisk ASvSwta ka izkar haena, ATmivZvas ka A-av Aaid %nke
Sv-av hae gye, Anek pué; pTnI ke saw SnehpU[R btaRv krne kI #CDa haete hu@ -I
nhI< krte, %Nhe< Apne Aixkar bnaye rone kI icNta hE, #n iv;yae< me< pué;ae< kI
maniskta me< bdlav Aana caih@, dhej àwa, pairvairk ih<sa, bal ivvah,
AkelI SÇI ke àZn Aaid iSÇyae< ke szKtIkr[ me< baxa@~ hE, #n sbkae imqane ke
il@ srkar kI Aaer se tIì àyTn haena caih@, "r ke kamae< me< pué;ae< kI -I -
agIdarI, iSÇyae< kae ivïam ka smy dena, in[Ry ài³ya me< SÇI AaEr pué; daenae< ka
smHaEta Aaid jêrI h<E, AaiwRk Svavl<n SÇI szKtIkr[ ke il@ jêrI hE, pit
pTnI kI AaiwRk hEisyt @k jEsI haegI tae SÇI kae AxInSw rhkr jIne ka Avsr
nhI< haega, fa· rtn ka kwn hE £ ‘‘narI zae;[ kI @k à[alI AaEr smaj me< hE,
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219
pué; narI kae tae pitìta bnI rhne ka Aacr[ isoaya hE, ikNtu Apne bhu£ivvah
ke il@ Svt<Ç hE, hmara #ithas #ska sa]I hE ik %se car dIvarI ke ANdr kEd
kr, maÇ -aeg ka saxn smHa jata hE, Svy< kae g<ga jl ke sman pivÇ manta
hE ikNtu narI kae @esI Svt<Çta dene me< sda se hI -y-It rha hE,’’45 SÇI ke suNdr
-iv:y ka inmaR[ kuD hd tk SÇI Svy< kr sktI hE, iSÇyae< ke -Itr Apne ^pr
haenevale ATyacarae< kI Ahsas b–F rhI hE, yh Aaveg SÇI kI dza AaEr àgit ke
magR me< nye Aayam àStut kr rha hE<, SÇI£pué; smanta ke s<";R ke Str tej hae
rhe hE<, SÇI kae @k lMbI l–fa$ ApnI phcan ke il@ l–fna hE, muiKt ka raSta n
Aasan hE n samaNy, ‘‘vaStv me< SÇI kae muiKt nhI< ziKt àdan krne kI jêrt
hE, #tnI ziKt ik vatavr[ me< )l rhe glt ivcarae< ka vh –fqkr mukabla kr
ske,’’46
ra:q+nIit ke s<caln me< iSÇyae< ka àitinixTv AavZyk hE Kyae<ik tb iSÇya~
pué;ae< ke ANyay AaEr AnIit se AaTmr]a krne me< smwR AaEr ApnI svaR<gI[
%Nnit ka magR àStut kr sktI hE<, jb iSÇyae< kae duinya ka Aaxa -ag smHa
jata hE tae rajnIit AaEr smaj nIit ke iny<Ç[ me< %nka pramzR lena Kya jêrI
nhI< hE? ‘‘%Nhe< muOy xara me< jae–fne twa pué;ae< ke sman s]m bnane kI jêrt hE
taik ve xEyRpUvRk s-I cunaEityae< ka mukabla kr ske<, #s lúy kI àaiPt ke il@
smaj kae -I àyas krna haega ,’’47 mihlaAae< kae Svy< Apne Aixkarae< kae
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220
phcanne AaEr smaj kae -I %ske daiyTv se pirict krane ka Avsr Aa gya hE,
ijsse SÇI kae sman êp se jIne ka Aixkar, iz]a @v< sMman iml ske twa
suxar kI -avna ivkist kre, SÇI kae Abla nam ke c³Vyuh se bahr inkalne kI
jêrt hE, %se oud ApnI Aimq s<-avnaAae< kae tlazne kI jêrt hE,
4. in:k;R
Aaxuink kal me< narI ApnI Avnt hu$ iSwit kae %Nnt krne AaEr ApnI
Alg phcan bnane ke àyTn me< lgI hE, Ab %ske samne baxa@~ nye nye êp me<
%piSwt h<E, rajnIit, iv}apn, àzasn, mIi–fya Aaid s-I ]eÇae< me< narI kI p&wk
phcan Swaipt hu$ hE, pUvR s<saxn m<ÇI jI ïI AjuRn is<h ne AlIg–F mihla
iv*aly kI Swapna ke idvs pr kha £ ‘‘dez kI @kta, Ao{–fta AaEr parMpirk
mULyae< kae bnaye rone ke il@ mihlaAae< kI iz]a AaEr %nkI jagêkta kae b–Fava
dena jêrI hE,’’48 "r kI cardIvarI kae hI ApnI sawRkta kI phcan mannevalI
iSÇya~ Aaj Apne AiStTv AaEr Svt<Ç sTta ke àit scet hE<, narI iz]a ka mhTv
laeg smH g@ hE<, mihlaAae< me< AaiwRk Svavl<bn ke àyTn hae rhe hE<, ivi-Nn
sahspU[R kamae< kae s<-alne me< mihla@~ Apne samWyR @v< ]mta ka pircy de rhI
hE<, yh @k ivraexa-as kI trh hE ik @k Aaer mihlaAae< ka szKtIkr[ ka àyTn
hae rha hE, SÇI sa]rta tejI se b–F rhI hE, l–fikya~ %TtraeTtr jagêk AaEr
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Svavl<bI bn rhI hE< AaEr rajnIit, àzasn, iz]a, Vyvsay, mIi–fya Aaid s-I ]ee<Çae<
me< A¢sr hae rhI hE< dUsrI AaEr %nke zae;[ AaEr ANyay kI "qna@~ -I tejI se b–F
rhI hE<,
mihlaAae< ke il@ sbse b–fI cunaEtI tae yhI hE ik bdlte pirvez me<
samaijk maNytaAae< ka sMman krte hu@ smaj ke d&i:qkae[ kae bdl –fale ik
‘SÇI hI SÇI kI sbse b–fI zÇu hE,’ mihlaAae< ke jIvn Str kae %Nnt krne, Apne
ivkas ke il@ Svt<Çta àdan krne, iz]a va smaj ke s-I ]eÇae< me< sjgta pEda
krne pr bl id@ jane kI bhut AavZykta hE, #ske il@ mihlaAae< kae ApnI
AaTmhInta, zmR, s<kaec Dae–fkr jIvn kI cunaEityae< kae SvIkar kr %nme< bdlav
lane ke il@ Svy< s<";R kr ApnI sh-aigta b–Fakr A¢sr krna haega,
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222
s<d-R
1· -artIy mihla@< nyI idza@< £ raemI zmaR, p&· s<· 125
2· narI Aixkar £ zaiNt kumar Syal,p&· s<· 16
3· narI Aixkar £ zaiNt kumar Syal,p&· s<· 16
4· #KkIsvI< sdI kI Aaer £ sumn k&:[ka<t, p&· s<·136
5· #KkIsvI< sdI kI Aaer £ sumn k&:[ka<t, p&· s<·1
6· iDNnmSta £ à-a oetan,p&·s<·189
7· SvaxInta s<¢am, ihNdI àes AaEr SÇI ka vEkiLpk ]eÇ £ jgdIZvr ctuveRdI,
suxais<h, p&· s<· 286
8· narI Aixkar £ zaiNt kumar Syal,p&· s<· 82
9· ékaegI nhI< raixka £ %;a iày<vda, p&·s<·53
10· iDNnmSta £ à-a oetan, p&· s<· 210
11· pa;a[ yug £ maltI jaezI, p&·s<·26
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12· AaErt Aaj kl AaEr Aaj £ AazaranI Vyaera, p&·s<·38
13· AaErt Aaj kl AaEr Aaj £ AazaranI Vyaera, p&·s<·44
14· AaQve< dzk kI leiokaAae< ke %pNyasae< me< VyKt SÇI cirÇ £ fa· sivta
caeoaeba ikteR, p&·s<·183
15· -artIy narI AaEr smaj £ rcna jEn, p&·s<· 101
16· narI ivmzR £ Ariv<d jEn, p&·s<· 1
17· -artIy #ithas me< narI £ àae· sugm AanNd, p&·s<·132
28· -artIy #ithas me< narI £ àae· sugm AanNd, p&·s<·133
19· yzpal ke %pNyasae< me< narI jIvn kI smSya@~ £ fa· yaegez sUrI,p&·s<·180
20· SvaxInta s<¢am, ihNdI àes AaEr SÇI ka vEkiLpk ]eÇ £ jgdIZvr ctuveRdI,
suxais<h, p&· s<· 216
21· ihNdI %pNyas me< kamkajI mihla £ fa· raeih[I A¢val,p&·s<·55
22· pcpc oM-e lal dIvare< £ %;a iày<vda, p&·s<·55
23· AaQve< twa nve< dzk ke ihNdI %pNyasae< me< narI £ fa· v<dna saepanrav maeihte,
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25· iDNnmSta £ à-a oetan, p&· s<· 203
26· SÇI ivmzR £ fa· ivny kumar paQk, p&·s<·55
27· AaQve< dzk kI leiokaAae< ke %pNyasae< me< VyKt SÇI cirÇ £ fa· sivta
caeoaeba ikteR, p&·s<·134
28· yzpal ke %pNyasae< me< narI jIvn kI smSya@~ £ fa· yaegez sUrI, p&·s<·183
29· yzpal ke %pNyasae< me< narI jIvn kI smSya@~ £ fa· yaegez sUrI, p&·s<·183
30· iDNnmSta £ à-a oetan, p&· s<· 142
31· iDNnmSta £ à-a oetan, p&· s<· 144
32· inmRl vmaR ke saihTy me< narI £ fa· Qakur ivjyis<h, p&·s<·171
33· iDNnmSta £ à-a oetan, p&· s<· 166
34· narI icNtn nyI cunaEitya~ £ fa· rajkumarI gfkr, p&·s<·39
35· narI icNtn nyI cunaEitya~ £ fa· rajkumarI gfkr, p&·s<·39
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36· nye %pNyasae< me< nye àyaeg £ fa· d<gl HaLqe, p&·s<·
37· #KkIsvI< sdI kI Aaer £ sumn k&:[ka<t, p&· s<·92
38· SvaxInta s<¢am, ihNdI àes AaEr SÇI ka vEkiLpk ]eÇ £ jgdIZvr ctuveRdI,
suxais<h, p&· s<· 216
39· AaQve< twa nve< dzk ke ihNdI %pNyasae< me< narI £ fa· v<dna saepanrav maeihte,
p&·s<·174
40· -artIy mihla@~ nyI idza@~ £ raemI zmaR, p&·s<· 75
41· -artIy mihla@~ nyI idza@~ £ raemI zmaR, p&·s<· 73
42· -artIy mihla@~ nyI idza@~ £ raemI zmaR, p&·s<· 73
43· iDNnmSta £ à-a oetan, p&· s<· 211
44· à-a oetan ka AaEpNyaisk s<sar £ fa· %;a kIitR r[avt, p&· s<·197
45· nagajRun kI d&i:q me< narI £ fa· Aaza· jI, p&·s<·1
46· ivraex nhI< shyaeg hE £ m&dula isNha, p&·s<· 1
47· #KkIsvI< sdI kI Aaer £ sumn k&:[ka<t, p&·s<·1
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48· #KkIsvI< sdI kI Aaer £ sumn k&:[ka<t, p&·s<·34