aarhus university
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AARHUS UNIVERSITY. GOVERNANCE OF UNIVERSITIES IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT ROYAL IRISH ACADEMY. RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN. UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT IN TIMES OF CHANGE. INCREASING DEMAND FOR KNOWLEDGE Complex global challenges require interdisciplinary solutions - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
AARHUSUNIVERSITY
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN
GOVERNANCE OF UNIVERSITIES IN A GLOBAL CONTEXTROYAL IRISH ACADEMY
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
•INCREASING DEMAND FOR KNOWLEDGE •Complex global challenges require interdisciplinary solutions
•GLOBAL MARKET FOR RESEARCH AND HIGHER EDUCATION•European Research Area and European Higher Education Area
•INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY•EUA Autonomy Scorecard
•NATIONAL REFORMS AND INCREASED EUROPEAN COLLABORATION
•A window of opportunity for changes
•AARHUS UNIVERSITY – a MODERN EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT IN TIMES OF CHANGE
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
INCREASING DEMAND FOR KNOWLEDGE: MOTIVATION FOR CHANGE
• Globalization• Food• Water• Energy• Health• Migration• Security• Climate change• ...
The world is globalized, with complex interconnected challenges which transgress disciplinary boundaries – with regard to causes, consequences, and solutions
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
EUROPE DEMANDSADVANCED HUMAN CAPITAL
• The challenges of tomorrow are complex, great, and global • Innovation Union 2020 foresees 1,000,000 new research jobs• ERAB 2030 recommends:
- 50% of EC research funding should go to frontier, high-risk R&D- 20% of EU doctoral candidates working outside their home country- 5% of GDP is spend on R&D. Private investments account for 2/3- EU + member states triple spending on higher education to 3.3% of GDP
- Half of the adult population has achieved tertiary education • Doctoral degrees are passports to the intellectual world,
however many PhD graduates will not be employed in academia• Research staff must be intellectually and internationally mobile
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
INCREASING DEMANDS FOR KNOWLEDGE
1.500
1.700
1.900
2.100
2.300
2.500
2.700
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Gross Public R&D investment
Danish Investments in R&D Millions EUR (2008 prices)
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
•INCREASING DEMAND FOR KNOWLEDGE •Complex global challenges require interdisciplinary solutions
•GLOBAL MARKET FOR RESEARCH AND HIGHER EDUCATION•European Research Area and European Higher Education Area
•INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY•EUA Autonomy Scorecard
•NATIONAL REFORMS AND INCREASED EUROPEAN COLLABORATION
•A window of opportunity for changes
•AARHUS UNIVERSITY – a MODERN EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT IN TIMES OF CHANGE
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
EMERGING GLOBAL MARKET FOR EDUCATION AND R&D
Students enrolled outside their home country, 1975-2011
International co-authorships, 1985-2005
0
20.000
40.000
60.000
80.000
100.000
120.000
140.000
160.000
1985 1989 1993 1997 2001 2005
International co-authorships Single authorSource: Data from OECD, Education at a Glance
Source: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2007
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
NORDIC PERSPECTIVE ON CITATION IMPACT
Source: Comparing Research at Nordic Universities using Bibliometric Indicators, A publication from the NORIA Net, NordForsk 2011, p. 61
WORLD AVERAGE
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE ON CITATION IMPACT
AU
DTU
KU
US top universities
European top universities
Total number of publications 2003-07
Normalizedcitationimpact
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
DANISH UNIVERSITIES IN GLOBAL RANKINGS 2011
University of Copenhagen
Aarhus University
Technical University of
Denmark
University of Southern Denmark
Aalborg University
ARWU 43 86 151-200 201-300 -
QS Ranking 52 79 150 311 362
THE 135 125 178 251-275 301-350
HEEACT 40 96 211 223 -
LEIDEN 54 53 - - -
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
•INCREASING DEMAND FOR KNOWLEDGE •Complex global challenges require interdisciplinary solutions
•GLOBAL MARKET FOR RESEARCH AND HIGHER EDUCATION•European Research Area and European Higher Education Area
•INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY•EUA Autonomy Scorecard
•NATIONAL REFORMS AND INCREASED EUROPEAN COLLABORATION
•A window of opportunity for changes
•AARHUS UNIVERSITY – a MODERN EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT IN TIMES OF CHANGE
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
EUA AUTONOMY SCORECARD
• Compares 26 European countries• Four scorecards/autonomy areas:– organisational, financial, staffing
and academic autonomy• Tool for benchmarking legislative
frameworks in national HE systems• Encourage and qualify debate
among stakeholders and policy makers
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
ORGANIZATIONAL AND FINANCIAL AUTONOMY
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
STAFFING AND ACADEMIC AUTONOMY
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
•INCREASING DEMAND FOR KNOWLEDGE •Complex global challenges require interdisciplinary solutions
•GLOBAL MARKET FOR RESEARCH AND HIGHER EDUCATION•European Research Area and European Higher Education Area
•INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY•EUA Autonomy Scorecard
•NATIONAL REFORMS AND INCREASED EUROPEAN COLLABORATION
•A window of opportunity for changes
•AARHUS UNIVERSITY – a MODERN EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT IN TIMES OF CHANGE
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
A WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY:NEW FRAMEWORK CONDITIONS
1998/99, Intergovernmental agreement: Governmental push for convergence of HE systems by 2010
1999, Bologna Declaration: Key principles adopted by Ministers of Education of 29 European countries
2003 – 2007, Danish sector reforms:• New University Act (2003) (2011)• Reorganizing HE&R institutions (2007)• Modernizing the funding compact
2008, Aarhus University’s Strategy:• Research• Talent development• Knowledge exchange• Education
2010, The AU Academic Development Process:• Unified management• Interdisciplinarity
2000, European Research Area: Defragmenting European research, promoting transnational scientific knowledge flow, competition, collaboration and mobility
2010, European Higher Education Area: 10 years after the Bologna process. Adopted by 47 countries, facilitating efforts to enhance European HE comparability, compatibility and coherence
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
UNIVERSITY GOVERNANCE – ACT OF 2003•Autonomy – from state institutions to autonomous bodies
within the public sector
•Accountability through the use of university performance contracts
•Governing boards with a majority of external members, which safeguard the university’s interests as an educational and research institution and determine guidelines for its organization, long term activities and development
•Appointed leaders in university management structure (rector, deans and department heads)
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
THE OFFICIAL GOALS (THORNING-SCHMIDT GOVERNMENT 2011)
•95 % should complete youth education, 60% higher education
•25 % should complete research based higher education by 2020
•2.5 % in PhD and 1% in post doc programmes
•Create a national innovation strategy: education, research, innovation
•State Education Grant, taximeter for first two cycles
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
•INCREASING DEMAND FOR KNOWLEDGE •Complex global challenges require interdisciplinary solutions
•GLOBAL MARKET FOR RESEARCH AND HIGHER EDUCATION•European Research Area and European Higher Education Area
•INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY•EUA Autonomy Scorecard
•NATIONAL REFORMS AND INCREASED EUROPEAN COLLABORATION
•A window of opportunity for changes
•AARHUS UNIVERSITY – a MODERN EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT IN TIMES OF CHANGE
The Aarhus responseTHE AARHUS RESPONSE
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE
EDUCATION RESEARCH
TALENT DEVELOPMENT
THE HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY
THE TRIPLE HELIX UNIVERSITY
A MODERN UNIVERSITY – COMBINING MASS AND ELITE
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
AARHUS UNIVERSITY -A UNIVERSITY GROWING STRONGER• 40,500 students (FTE) (52% graduate level students) • 3,000 PhD students and early career researchers
• 4,300 international students
• 7,200 employees (FTE)
• 11,731 publications in 2010
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120
100200300400500600700800900
392
643693 733 761 803 826
Expenditures (EUR million)
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
EXPENDITURES AT AARHUS UNIVERSITY
Talent development24%
Education31%
Knowledge exchange12%
Research33%
Knowledge exchange
EducationResearch
Talent development
The HumboldtuniversityThe triple helix universityThe modern university
PhDs
Post docs Students
Studies
Lifelonglearning
Contracts
Research programmes
Research projects
Professors
AU – Expenses per core activity
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
Study pro-
grammes 25%
Core re-search 34%
Competitive research
funding. 28%
Government contracts 4%
Other. 9%
DIVERSIFIED– INCOME STRUCTURE
Budget 2012: EUR 825 million
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
CHANGE PROCESS AND EMPOWERMENT AT AU
• Academic organisation: A unified university with fewer boundariesFrom nine to four main academic areas, from 55 to 26 departments,
• Governance: Management with appointed leaders and joint responsibility for the entire university. From ten management units to one single management unit with cross-cutting responsibility for strategic management and quality assurance of: research, talent development, knowledge exchange and education
• Administration and finance: A single university without administrative boundariesA common financial model, standardised, quality service for the whole university; from three to one (two) levels of administration – front office and back office.
• Academic cheques and balances: 4 academic councils, and 4 AU Fora, one for each core activity: research, talent development, knowledge exchange and education
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
AN ACADEMIC ORGANISATION THAT REFLECTS THE QUADRUPLE HELIX
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
CHECQUES AND BALANCES IN THE GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE
AU Forums
Academic Councils
Departmental Forums
Advisory Boards
Employer Panels
Advisory Committees
AU Board
AU
Man
agem
ent
External Internal
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
•INCREASING DEMAND FOR KNOWLEDGE •Complex global challenges require interdisciplinary solutions
•GLOBAL MARKET FOR RESEARCH AND HIGHER EDUCATION•European Research Area and European Higher Education Area
•INSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY•EUA Autonomy Scorecard
•NATIONAL REFORMS AND INCREASED EUROPEAN COLLABORATION
•A window of opportunity for changes
•AARHUS UNIVERSITY – a MODERN EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY
CONCLUSION - UNIVERSITY GOVERNANCE IN TIMES OF CHANGE
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE
EDUCATION RESEARCH
TALENT DEVELOPMENT
THE HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITYTHE TRIPLE HELIX UNIVERSITYA MODERN UNIVERSITY – COMBINING MASS AND ELITE
RECTOR LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSEN 20-02-2012
WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITIES AND ACCOUNTABLE AUTONOMY• New framework conditions in Europe provides a window
of opportunity for change at EUROPE’s universities• All changes at AU have been aimed at shaping a modern
university combining features of the mass and the elite university
• Autonomy is fundamental to universities. Achieving financial and academic autonomy still prove to be the largest challenges
• ……. However autonomy without good governance and leadership is anarchy…….
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
LAURITZ B. HOLM-NIELSENRECTOR, AARHUS [email protected]