mamuka cuxiSvilimamuka cuxiSvili

abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisiabasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisi

winamdebare naSromis mizania istoriuli oZrÃes, igive winamdebare naSromis mizania istoriuli oZrÃes, igive

ocxes, Tanamedrove abasTumnis warsulisa da dRevandelobis ocxes, Tanamedrove abasTumnis warsulisa da dRevandelobis

Seswavla.Seswavla.

„qarTlis ambavis“ aRwerisas leonti mroveli brZanebs: „qarTlis ambavis“ aRwerisas leonti mroveli brZanebs:

„xolo SvilTa Soris mcxeTosisaTa gamoCndes samni gmirni „xolo SvilTa Soris mcxeTosisaTa gamoCndes samni gmirni

saxelovanni, romelTa saxelebi ese ars: pirvelsa uflos, da saxelovanni, romelTa saxelebi ese ars: pirvelsa uflos, da

Semdgomsa oZrÃos, da mesamesa javaxos. ganuyo maT queyana Semdgomsa oZrÃos, da mesamesa javaxos. ganuyo maT queyana

da naTesavi maTi yoveli. oZrÃos misca tasiskariTgan vidre da naTesavi maTi yoveli. oZrÃos misca tasiskariTgan vidre

zRuamde sperisa, queyana kldovan. aman oZrÃos aRaSena orni zRuamde sperisa, queyana kldovan. aman oZrÃos aRaSena orni

cixe qalaqni: oZrÃe da Tuxarisi.“cixe qalaqni: oZrÃe da Tuxarisi.“1 es is oZrÃosia, romlis es is oZrÃosia, romlis

mama iyo „mcxeTos, ugmire ZmaTa misTa“ da romelic daemkvi-mama iyo „mcxeTos, ugmire ZmaTa misTa“ da romelic daemkvi-

dra „sayofelTa mamisa maTisa qarTlosisa.“ dra „sayofelTa mamisa maTisa qarTlosisa.“

rodesac Zlevamosilma aleqsandre makedonelma daipy-rodesac Zlevamosilma aleqsandre makedonelma daipy-

ro mravali qveyana, moadga „queyanasa qarTlisasa da povna ro mravali qveyana, moadga „queyanasa qarTlisasa da povna

cixe-qalaqni ese Zlierni Sua-qarTl: wunda, xerTÂsi mt-cixe-qalaqni ese Zlierni Sua-qarTl: wunda, xerTÂsi mt-

kurisa, oZrÃe mokidebuli kldesa Radossa, Tuxarisi mdi-kurisa, oZrÃe mokidebuli kldesa Radossa, Tuxarisi mdi-

naresa zeda sperisasa, romelsa hqÂan Woroxi...“naresa zeda sperisasa, romelsa hqÂan Woroxi...“2 arsebobs arsebobs

gadmocema: roca makedoneli oZrÃes stumrobda, mxedarTmTa-gadmocema: roca makedoneli oZrÃes stumrobda, mxedarTmTa-

varica da jariskacebic adgilobrivi mineraluri wylebiT varica da jariskacebic adgilobrivi mineraluri wylebiT

mkurnalobdnen, romlebmac Semdgom saxeli ganuTqva oZrÃes, mkurnalobdnen, romlebmac Semdgom saxeli ganuTqva oZrÃes,

anu igive abasTumans.anu igive abasTumans.

iberiis pirvelma mefem farnavazma (Zv.w. IV-III ss.) moipova iberiis pirvelma mefem farnavazma (Zv.w. IV-III ss.) moipova

sruli ufleba damsaxurebulad „ebatona yovelsa iberiasa sruli ufleba damsaxurebulad „ebatona yovelsa iberiasa

zeda“ , romelic „uSiS iqmna yovelTa mterTa zeda TÂsTagan“ zeda“ , romelic „uSiS iqmna yovelTa mterTa zeda TÂsTagan“

1 qarTlis cxovreba, leonti mroveli, cxovreba qarTvelTa mefeTa, Tb., 1955, gv. 9.

teqsti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT s. yauxiSvilis mier.

2 iqve, gv. 17.

61abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisida „ganamravlna yoveli mÃedarni qarTlosianni“, ris Sem-da „ganamravlna yoveli mÃedarni qarTlosianni“, ris Sem-

degac „ganawesna erisTavni rvani da spaspeti.“ am rvaTagan degac „ganawesna erisTavni rvani da spaspeti.“ am rvaTagan

erT-erTi gagzavna „oZrÃes erisTavad, da misca tasiskariT-erT-erTi gagzavna „oZrÃes erisTavad, da misca tasiskariT-

gan, vidre arisianTamdis, nostis TaviTgan zRuamdis, romel gan, vidre arisianTamdis, nostis TaviTgan zRuamdis, romel

ars samcxe da aWara.“ars samcxe da aWara.“3 tasiskari, anu Tanamedrove taSiskari tasiskari, anu Tanamedrove taSiskari

mdebareobs xaSuris raionSi, qviSxeTis TemSi, lixis qedis mdebareobs xaSuris raionSi, qviSxeTis TemSi, lixis qedis

aRmosavleT kalTaze, xolo arisianis qedi, igive arsiani mdi-aRmosavleT kalTaze, xolo arisianis qedi, igive arsiani mdi-

nareebis _ Woroxisa da mtkvris wyalgamyofia. nareebis _ Woroxisa da mtkvris wyalgamyofia.

oZrÃes erisTavi gamorCeuli da aRiarebuli mmarTveli oZrÃes erisTavi gamorCeuli da aRiarebuli mmarTveli

iyo iberiis mefis karze da mis saxels qarTveli mematianeni iyo iberiis mefis karze da mis saxels qarTveli mematianeni

mravalgzis axseneben. aseve dokumenturad sabuTdeba, rom oZ-mravalgzis axseneben. aseve dokumenturad sabuTdeba, rom oZ-

rÃeSi namdvilad iyo mefeTmefe Tamaris rezidencia, cixe da rÃeSi namdvilad iyo mefeTmefe Tamaris rezidencia, cixe da

xidi, rac aseve mis uaRresad did mniSvnelobaze miuTiTebs.xidi, rac aseve mis uaRresad did mniSvnelobaze miuTiTebs.

droTa siavem da garkveulma daZabulma viTarebam isto-droTa siavem da garkveulma daZabulma viTarebam isto-

riuli ocÃe, anu oZrÃe droebiT moswyvita dedasamSoblos riuli ocÃe, anu oZrÃe droebiT moswyvita dedasamSoblos

da TurqeTis xelSi aRmoCnda, ramac uaRresad uaryofiTi da da TurqeTis xelSi aRmoCnda, ramac uaRresad uaryofiTi da

tragikuli movlenebi gamoiwvia. abasTumanis, ise rogorc tragikuli movlenebi gamoiwvia. abasTumanis, ise rogorc

mTeli samcxe-javaxeTis problema vin icis rodis mogvarde-mTeli samcxe-javaxeTis problema vin icis rodis mogvarde-

boda, rom ara adrianopolis (Tanamedrove qalaqi ederne boda, rom ara adrianopolis (Tanamedrove qalaqi ederne

mdebareobs TurqeTis Crdilo-dasavleTSi) cnobili zavi, mdebareobs TurqeTis Crdilo-dasavleTSi) cnobili zavi,

romelic gaformda 1829 wlis 2(15) seqtembers. misi ZaliT, romelic gaformda 1829 wlis 2(15) seqtembers. misi ZaliT,

TurqeTi aRiarebda saqarTvelos ruseTis xelSi gadasv-TurqeTi aRiarebda saqarTvelos ruseTis xelSi gadasv-

las. am periodidan oZrÃe aRar ixsenieba wyaroebSi da mas las. am periodidan oZrÃe aRar ixsenieba wyaroebSi da mas

Caenacvla abasTumani. akad. vaxtang beriZis azriT, „saxeli Caenacvla abasTumani. akad. vaxtang beriZis azriT, „saxeli

abasTumani oZrÃem XIX saukuneSi miiRo mezoblad mdebare abasTumani oZrÃem XIX saukuneSi miiRo mezoblad mdebare

soflisgan; TviT oZrÃe dacarielebuli iyo, misi saxeli ax-soflisgan; TviT oZrÃe dacarielebuli iyo, misi saxeli ax-

alma xelisuflebam, albaT, rigianad ar icoda da gamoiyenes alma xelisuflebam, albaT, rigianad ar icoda da gamoiyenes

uaxloesi „cocxali“ soflis saxeli.“uaxloesi „cocxali“ soflis saxeli.“4

vaxuStis `qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ pirvelad Semoaqvs cno-vaxuStis `qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ pirvelad Semoaqvs cno-

bebi oZrÃes samkurnalo cxeli wylebis Sesaxeb, romlebmac bebi oZrÃes samkurnalo cxeli wylebis Sesaxeb, romlebmac

Semdeg abasTumans saxeli gauTqves.Semdeg abasTumans saxeli gauTqves.

rac Seexeba abasTumnis warsulis didebul naSTebs, garda rac Seexeba abasTumnis warsulis didebul naSTebs, garda

Tamaris xidisa da Tamaris cixisa, cixis galavanSive dgas Tamaris xidisa da Tamaris cixisa, cixis galavanSive dgas

ugumbaTo eklesia, „romelsac miuxedavad safuZvliani gada-ugumbaTo eklesia, „romelsac miuxedavad safuZvliani gada-

keTebisa SerCenia: didi moCuqurTmebuli jvari da CuqurT-keTebisa SerCenia: didi moCuqurTmebuli jvari da CuqurT-

3 iqve, gv.24.

4 v. beriZe, samcxis xuroTmoZRvruli Zeglebi, Tb., 1970, gv. 87.

62 mamuka cuxiSvilimiani arSiebiT Semkuli sarkmelebi dasavleTis fasadze. es miani arSiebiT Semkuli sarkmelebi dasavleTis fasadze. es

CuqurTmebi SesaZloa XIV saukunisac iyos. xolo Sua abas-CuqurTmebi SesaZloa XIV saukunisac iyos. xolo Sua abas-

TumanSi dgas axali eklesia „axal zarzmad“ wodebuli, TumanSi dgas axali eklesia „axal zarzmad“ wodebuli,

agebuli ruseTis taxtis memkvidris giorgis surviliT. am agebuli ruseTis taxtis memkvidris giorgis surviliT. am

eklesiaSi sainteresoa kedlis mxatvroba, romelic Sesrule-eklesiaSi sainteresoa kedlis mxatvroba, romelic Sesrule-

bulia cnobili rusi mxatvris m. nesterovis mier 1899-1904 bulia cnobili rusi mxatvris m. nesterovis mier 1899-1904

wlebSi.“ wlebSi.“ 5

qveyanaSi arsebuli sayovelTao ganukiTxaobis pirobebeSi, qveyanaSi arsebuli sayovelTao ganukiTxaobis pirobebeSi,

1919 wlis ianvarSi, Turqi askerebis bandebma barbarosulad 1919 wlis ianvarSi, Turqi askerebis bandebma barbarosulad

daayaCaRes abasTumani da misi mosaxleoba. pirveli respubli-daayaCaRes abasTumani da misi mosaxleoba. pirveli respubli-

kis mTavrobis saxelze gagzavnil depeSaSi vkiTxulobT: „cu-kis mTavrobis saxelze gagzavnil depeSaSi vkiTxulobT: „cu-

liT daCexes taZrebis karebi, ojaxebSi Caxoces uamravi ada-liT daCexes taZrebis karebi, ojaxebSi Caxoces uamravi ada-

miani, gaitanes 5 fuTamde vercxlis ganZeuloba, aseve 500 000 miani, gaitanes 5 fuTamde vercxlis ganZeuloba, aseve 500 000

maneTis Zvirfaseuloba. moaoxres yvelaferi, gaitaces yvela maneTis Zvirfaseuloba. moaoxres yvelaferi, gaitaces yvela

sameurneo iaraRi, sursaT-sanovage, logini, tansacmeli.“sameurneo iaraRi, sursaT-sanovage, logini, tansacmeli.“6

abasTumanSi, mogvianebiT agebul SenobebTan dakavSirebiT abasTumanSi, mogvianebiT agebul SenobebTan dakavSirebiT

vkiTxulobT: „SenobaTa mesame jgufs miekuTvneba XIX-XX vkiTxulobT: „SenobaTa mesame jgufs miekuTvneba XIX-XX

saukuneebSi agebuli TvalsaCino arqiteqturuli nagebobebi: saukuneebSi agebuli TvalsaCino arqiteqturuli nagebobebi:

„arazindo“, „aRobili“, „cisartyela“, „varZia“, „zekari“, „arazindo“, „aRobili“, „cisartyela“, „varZia“, „zekari“,

ruseTis princis, _ giorgis sazafxulo (amJamad dedaTa mon-ruseTis princis, _ giorgis sazafxulo (amJamad dedaTa mon-

asteri) da sazamTro (axlandeli sanatoriumi „mesxeTi“) sa-asteri) da sazamTro (axlandeli sanatoriumi „mesxeTi“) sa-

saxleebi, fostis Senoba, princis eqimis saxli“ da sxv.saxleebi, fostis Senoba, princis eqimis saxli“ da sxv.7

abasTumanSi aRmoCenili jvris kvarcxlbekis fragmentebi abasTumanSi aRmoCenili jvris kvarcxlbekis fragmentebi

gvamcnobs qarTvelTa erisTavis mamfal arSuSa patrikiosis gvamcnobs qarTvelTa erisTavis mamfal arSuSa patrikiosis

Sesaxeb. misi asomTavruli warweris Sesaxeb mokle, magram Sesaxeb. misi asomTavruli warweris Sesaxeb mokle, magram

metad saintereso varaudi gamoTqva T. barnavelma: „paleo-metad saintereso varaudi gamoTqva T. barnavelma: „paleo-

grafiuli xasiaTiT abasTumnis warwerais Sesruleba SeiZleba grafiuli xasiaTiT abasTumnis warwerais Sesruleba SeiZleba

vivaraudoT VI-VII saukunebs Soris, e.i. iustiniane I dros.“vivaraudoT VI-VII saukunebs Soris, e.i. iustiniane I dros.“8

arSuSa rom namdvilad iyo qarTlis erismTvari 687-700 arSuSa rom namdvilad iyo qarTlis erismTvari 687-700

wlebSi, es udavoa, am cnobas adasturebs abasTumnis eklesiis wlebSi, es udavoa, am cnobas adasturebs abasTumnis eklesiis

jvris kvarcxlbekis warwerac. miuxedavad imisa, rom mecni-jvris kvarcxlbekis warwerac. miuxedavad imisa, rom mecni-

erTa Soris dava dRemde grZeldeba, faqti faqtad rCeba: abas-erTa Soris dava dRemde grZeldeba, faqti faqtad rCeba: abas-

5 iqve, gv. 84.6 sea, f. 1448. anaw. 1.

7 saqarTvelos istoriisa da ZeglTa dacvis departamentis weliwdeuli, n.

TaTaraSvili, arqiteqturuli Zeglis statusi, Tb. 2002-2003, #6-7, gv. 36.8 saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, T. barnaveli, abasTumnis erTi

warweris Sesaxeb, Tb., 1969, #5, gv. 142.

63abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisiTumanSi (oZrÃeSi) jer kidev V-VII saukuneebSi mdgara qris-TumanSi (oZrÃeSi) jer kidev V-VII saukuneebSi mdgara qris-

tianuli taZari.tianuli taZari.

abasTumnis samkurnalo mineraluri wylebiabasTumnis samkurnalo mineraluri wylebi

rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, vaxuSti gvawvdis cnobebs oZ-rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, vaxuSti gvawvdis cnobebs oZ-

rÃes cxeli wylebis Sesaxeb. abasTumanSi „gvelebis wyaro“ rÃes cxeli wylebis Sesaxeb. abasTumanSi „gvelebis wyaro“

iyo erTaderTi adgili, sadac mowyobili yofila auzebi iyo erTaderTi adgili, sadac mowyobili yofila auzebi

msurvelTaTvis. Sesabamisad, axalcixeSi damkvidrebulma msurvelTaTvis. Sesabamisad, axalcixeSi damkvidrebulma

ruseTis samxedro yazarmis administraciam iTava abasTum-ruseTis samxedro yazarmis administraciam iTava abasTum-

nis samkurnalo wylebis movla-patronoba da misi Tvisebebis nis samkurnalo wylebis movla-patronoba da misi Tvisebebis

mecnieruli Seswavla.mecnieruli Seswavla.

rusi mkvlevari p. kovalenski wers: „1830 wlidan ruseTis rusi mkvlevari p. kovalenski wers: „1830 wlidan ruseTis

samxedro eqimebi da qimikosebi TandaTan ecnobodnen abasT-samxedro eqimebi da qimikosebi TandaTan ecnobodnen abasT-

umnis havas da wylebs. 1832 wels pirveli cda Caatara qimiis umnis havas da wylebs. 1832 wels pirveli cda Caatara qimiis

magistrma gomblatma da misiT kmayofili darCa, xolo 1838 magistrma gomblatma da misiT kmayofili darCa, xolo 1838

wels mineralogiis specialistma vilemsma Caatara wylebis wels mineralogiis specialistma vilemsma Caatara wylebis

pirveli sruli analizi da swored am periodidan daiwyo pirveli sruli analizi da swored am periodidan daiwyo

abasTumnis wylebis aTvisebis istoria.“abasTumnis wylebis aTvisebis istoria.“9

1832 wels abasTumanSi sxvadasxva droiT gaigzavna samx-1832 wels abasTumanSi sxvadasxva droiT gaigzavna samx-

edro garnizonis jariskacebi, romelTac hqondaT qroniku-edro garnizonis jariskacebi, romelTac hqondaT qroniku-

li, mwvave da mZime daavadebebi. rogorc Semdgomma gamokv-li, mwvave da mZime daavadebebi. rogorc Semdgomma gamokv-

levebma cxadyo, maTze dadebiTad imoqmeda mineralurma levebma cxadyo, maTze dadebiTad imoqmeda mineralurma

cxelma wylebma da umravlesoba gamojanmrTelda. axal-cxelma wylebma da umravlesoba gamojanmrTelda. axal-

cixis samxedro garnizonTan arsebuli lazareTis eqimebma cixis samxedro garnizonTan arsebuli lazareTis eqimebma

(e. golmblatis TaosnobiT) sTxoves xelmZRvanelobas, wer-(e. golmblatis TaosnobiT) sTxoves xelmZRvanelobas, wer-

iliT miemarTaT kavkasiis mTavarmmarTeblis, baron grigol iliT miemarTaT kavkasiis mTavarmmarTeblis, baron grigol

rozenisaTvis, raTa abasTumnis samkurnalo wylebis teri-rozenisaTvis, raTa abasTumnis samkurnalo wylebis teri-

toria sameTvaleyoreod gadascemoda axlacixis lazareTs. toria sameTvaleyoreod gadascemoda axlacixis lazareTs.

werilma marTlac miaRwia rozenamde da Sesabamisi dasturic werilma marTlac miaRwia rozenamde da Sesabamisi dasturic

gaica, magram, garkveuli xelSemSleli garemoebebis gamo, gaica, magram, garkveuli xelSemSleli garemoebebis gamo,

1843 wlamde aRniSnuli sakiTxi adgilidan ar daZrula.1843 wlamde aRniSnuli sakiTxi adgilidan ar daZrula.

nelnela da etapobrivad Sendeboda abasTumnis cxeli nelnela da etapobrivad Sendeboda abasTumnis cxeli

wylebis irgvliv saabazane Senobebi, saxlebi da viTardeboda wylebis irgvliv saabazane Senobebi, saxlebi da viTardeboda

infrastruqtura. infrastruqtura.

1853 wlis yirimis omis dros, romelic garkveuli drois 1853 wlis yirimis omis dros, romelic garkveuli drois

9 П. Коваленский, Абастуман. Москва, 1881, gv. 21.

64 mamuka cuxiSviliganmavlobaSi axalcixesTan (kavkasiis fronti) mimdinareobda ganmavlobaSi axalcixesTan (kavkasiis fronti) mimdinareobda

da romelsac xelmZRvanelobda Tavadi ivane andronikaSvili. da romelsac xelmZRvanelobda Tavadi ivane andronikaSvili.

qarTvelTa 5 000 meomrisgan Semdgarma laSqarma daamarcxa qarTvelTa 5 000 meomrisgan Semdgarma laSqarma daamarcxa

ali-faSas 20 000 jariskaci, ris Semdegac abasTumnis gavliT ali-faSas 20 000 jariskaci, ris Semdegac abasTumnis gavliT

(da gzadagza Sekrebili) 10 000 meomriT mdinare ColoqTan (da gzadagza Sekrebili) 10 000 meomriT mdinare ColoqTan

gaanadgura selim-faSas 30 000 jarikacisagan Semdgari armia. gaanadgura selim-faSas 30 000 jarikacisagan Semdgari armia.

sabrZolo moqmedebebi abasTumanSic mimdinareobda, rasac sabrZolo moqmedebebi abasTumanSic mimdinareobda, rasac

mohyva jer kidev moumagrebeli abasTumnis ganadgureba. „me mohyva jer kidev moumagrebeli abasTumnis ganadgureba. „me

vnaxe patara abasTumani barbarosulad aklebuli, ukarebod, vnaxe patara abasTumani barbarosulad aklebuli, ukarebod,

ufanjrod, uvanebod, wlobiT Seqmnili abasTumani gapartaxe-ufanjrod, uvanebod, wlobiT Seqmnili abasTumani gapartaxe-

buli, yovelive sicocxlemoklebuli“, _ werda samxedro buli, yovelive sicocxlemoklebuli“, _ werda samxedro

eqimi i. priselkovi.eqimi i. priselkovi.1010

abasTumnis gamococxleba 1865 wlidan daiwyo. 1869 wels abasTumnis gamococxleba 1865 wlidan daiwyo. 1869 wels

abasTumanma Tavi daaRwia samxedro mmarTvelobas da gadavi-abasTumanma Tavi daaRwia samxedro mmarTvelobas da gadavi-

da samoqalaqo seqtoris xelSi. am saqmis iniciatori da su-da samoqalaqo seqtoris xelSi. am saqmis iniciatori da su-

lis Camdgmeli iyo samxedro eqimi a. remerti. es is remertia, lis Camdgmeli iyo samxedro eqimi a. remerti. es is remertia,

romelis TaosnobiT 1873 wels TbilisSi gaixsna samSobiaro romelis TaosnobiT 1873 wels TbilisSi gaixsna samSobiaro

saxli. rodesac borjomis xeoba mixeil nikolozis Ze ro-saxli. rodesac borjomis xeoba mixeil nikolozis Ze ro-

manovs gadaeca, misi gadawyvetilebiT borjomis ganviTareba manovs gadaeca, misi gadawyvetilebiT borjomis ganviTareba

swored a. remerts daevala. romelmac Tavdauzogavi da fas-swored a. remerts daevala. romelmac Tavdauzogavi da fas-

daudebeli wvlili Seitana mis ayvavebaSi.daudebeli wvlili Seitana mis ayvavebaSi.

remerti abasTumanSive maspinZlobda ruseTis saimpera-remerti abasTumanSive maspinZlobda ruseTis saimpera-

toro karis maRali rangis moxeleebs da Tavad mefes, mis toro karis maRali rangis moxeleebs da Tavad mefes, mis

meuRlesa da Svilebs. Semdeg, Tavad imperatoris gankargule-meuRlesa da Svilebs. Semdeg, Tavad imperatoris gankargule-

biT gadayvanil iqna ruseTSi da dainiSna mTavar samxedro eqi-biT gadayvanil iqna ruseTSi da dainiSna mTavar samxedro eqi-

mad. magram sicocxlis bolo wlebSi didi survili aixdina da mad. magram sicocxlis bolo wlebSi didi survili aixdina da

abasTumanSi dabrunda, sadac gardaicvala 1902 wels. Tanax-abasTumanSi dabrunda, sadac gardaicvala 1902 wels. Tanax-

mad anderZisa, qarTvel-kaTolikeTa sasaflaoze dakrZales.mad anderZisa, qarTvel-kaTolikeTa sasaflaoze dakrZales.

remertis Semdeg abasTumnis aRorZinebas saTaveSi Caudga remertis Semdeg abasTumnis aRorZinebas saTaveSi Caudga

eqimi i. gopaZe, romelmac meore sicocxle STabera remer-eqimi i. gopaZe, romelmac meore sicocxle STabera remer-

tis dawyebul saSviliSvilo saqmes. „RmerTs madloba unda tis dawyebul saSviliSvilo saqmes. „RmerTs madloba unda

SevwiroT, rom uufroso pirobebSi ufrosobas swevs eq. go-SevwiroT, rom uufroso pirobebSi ufrosobas swevs eq. go-

paZe. mas uyvars abasTumani. is iq ar aris dabadebuli, magram paZe. mas uyvars abasTumani. is iq ar aris dabadebuli, magram

iq gaizarda, man mTeli Tavisi axalgazrdobis wlebi miuZRvna iq gaizarda, man mTeli Tavisi axalgazrdobis wlebi miuZRvna

sayvarel saqmes da abasTumans. es aris kurorti upolicio, sayvarel saqmes da abasTumans. es aris kurorti upolicio,

umTavrobo, municipalitetis gareSe, wesrigiani da saucxooT umTavrobo, municipalitetis gareSe, wesrigiani da saucxooT

10 kavkasiis arqeologiuri aqtebi, 1866, t. 1.

65abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisimowyobili. yvelaferi es gopaZis damsxaurebaa.“mowyobili. yvelaferi es gopaZis damsxaurebaa.“

1111

abasTumnis makurnebeli havaabasTumnis makurnebeli hava

abasTumani aris saSualo mTis klimaturi da balneolo-abasTumani aris saSualo mTis klimaturi da balneolo-

giuri kurorti. mdebareobs zRvis donidan 1260-1340 m. si-giuri kurorti. mdebareobs zRvis donidan 1260-1340 m. si-

maRleze. hava _ subtropikuli mSrali, zamTari _ zomierad maRleze. hava _ subtropikuli mSrali, zamTari _ zomierad

Tbili, Tovliani, ianvris Tvis saSualo temperatura udris Tbili, Tovliani, ianvris Tvis saSualo temperatura udris

+7°+7°C.

1920-iani wlebidan TandaTan gamoikveTa abasTumnis eta-1920-iani wlebidan TandaTan gamoikveTa abasTumnis eta-

pobrivi ganviTarebis generaluri gegma, romelmac asaxva pobrivi ganviTarebis generaluri gegma, romelmac asaxva

hpova momdevno aTwleulebSi. abasTumani rom imTaviTve um-hpova momdevno aTwleulebSi. abasTumani rom imTaviTve um-

niSvnelovanesi samkurnalo oazisi iyo, es eWvs ar iwvevda, niSvnelovanesi samkurnalo oazisi iyo, es eWvs ar iwvevda,

magram maRalteqnologiuri kvlevebi aucilebeli piroba iyo magram maRalteqnologiuri kvlevebi aucilebeli piroba iyo

imisaTvis, rom dadgeniliyo misi klimatis, mTis, wylebisa da imisaTvis, rom dadgeniliyo misi klimatis, mTis, wylebisa da

havis dadebiTi Tvisebebi, rac sakmaod Sromatevadsa da sapa-havis dadebiTi Tvisebebi, rac sakmaod Sromatevadsa da sapa-

suxismgeblo saqmes warmoadgenda.suxismgeblo saqmes warmoadgenda.

„abasTumanSi rodesac Sedixar, wamsve igrZnob haeris „abasTumanSi rodesac Sedixar, wamsve igrZnob haeris

sisufTaves, mzis sxivebis siZlieres da dazianebuli filt-sisufTaves, mzis sxivebis siZlieres da dazianebuli filt-

vebi iwyeben Tavisuflad sunTqvas da ramdenime dReSi ada-vebi iwyeben Tavisuflad sunTqvas da ramdenime dReSi ada-

mianis organizSi tyobilobs raRac ganaxlebas da adamians mianis organizSi tyobilobs raRac ganaxlebas da adamians

sixalisis ltolviloba emateba. Tu adamians filtvebi dau-sixalisis ltolviloba emateba. Tu adamians filtvebi dau-

zianda, bronxebi wauxda, ConCxebi gaufuWda, ubeduri seni _ zianda, bronxebi wauxda, ConCxebi gaufuWda, ubeduri seni _

Wleqi ewvia, misi mesaidumle, misi eqimi abasTumnis bunebaa. Wleqi ewvia, misi mesaidumle, misi eqimi abasTumnis bunebaa.

abasTumani havis sizomieriT, mzis, wylebis, bunebis Semoq-abasTumani havis sizomieriT, mzis, wylebis, bunebis Semoq-

medebiT TviT bunebis saavadmyofoa. bunebis sanatoriaa da medebiT TviT bunebis saavadmyofoa. bunebis sanatoriaa da

misi noyieri wamlebiT Sezavebuli, igi saukeTeso eqimia yve-misi noyieri wamlebiT Sezavebuli, igi saukeTeso eqimia yve-

la avadmyofobis.“la avadmyofobis.“1212

abasTumani TandaTan izidavda qarTvel, sabWoTa da ucxoel abasTumani TandaTan izidavda qarTvel, sabWoTa da ucxoel

mecnierebsa Tu rigiT adamianebs, romlebic Semdeg moxiblu-mecnierebsa Tu rigiT adamianebs, romlebic Semdeg moxiblu-

li da aRfrTovanebuli rCebodnen misi unikalurobisa da li da aRfrTovanebuli rCebodnen misi unikalurobisa da

gamorCeulobis gamo. „ftiziatriis ganxriT kurort abasT-gamorCeulobis gamo. „ftiziatriis ganxriT kurort abasT-

umnis prioritets, upirveles yovlisa, iZleva misi terito-umnis prioritets, upirveles yovlisa, iZleva misi terito-

riis geografiuli mdebareoba. am zonaSi dafiqsirebulia mzis riis geografiuli mdebareoba. am zonaSi dafiqsirebulia mzis

naTebis mkveTrad gazrdili xangrZlivoba, mTis gamoxatuli, naTebis mkveTrad gazrdili xangrZlivoba, mTis gamoxatuli,

11 П. Коваленский, Абастуман. Москва, 1881, gv. 35.12 a. saluqavZe, abasTumani, tf., 1921, gv. 55.

66 mamuka cuxiSvilimSrali, uqaro da gamWvirvale steriluri atmosferos arse-mSrali, uqaro da gamWvirvale steriluri atmosferos arse-

boba. xolo rac Seexeba wiwvovani tyis masivebs da Termul boba. xolo rac Seexeba wiwvovani tyis masivebs da Termul

wylebs, isini efeqturs xdian TviT mkurnalobis process. wylebs, isini efeqturs xdian TviT mkurnalobis process.

bunebrivi eleqtrooba, ionizacia _ es is parametria, ro-bunebrivi eleqtrooba, ionizacia _ es is parametria, ro-

melic klimatis sxva elementebTan kompleqsSi keTilmyofe-melic klimatis sxva elementebTan kompleqsSi keTilmyofe-

lad moqmedebs adamianis organizmSi mimdinare sasicocxlo lad moqmedebs adamianis organizmSi mimdinare sasicocxlo

procesebze.“procesebze.“1313

cnobilia, rom, saqarTveloSi tuberkulozis pirveli kva-cnobilia, rom, saqarTveloSi tuberkulozis pirveli kva-

li VI-VII saukuneebis namarxebSia aRmoCenili. Tavad sneule-li VI-VII saukuneebis namarxebSia aRmoCenili. Tavad sneule-

ba tuberkulozi pirvelad nasxenebia XI saukunis moRvawis ba tuberkulozi pirvelad nasxenebia XI saukunis moRvawis

qananelis naSromSi „usworo karabadini“(XIII s.) , romelic qananelis naSromSi „usworo karabadini“(XIII s.) , romelic

Semdeg meordeba xojayofilis „wigni saaqimoSi“ da zaza fa-Semdeg meordeba xojayofilis „wigni saaqimoSi“ da zaza fa-

naskertel-ciciSvilis „samkurnalo wigni-karabadinSi“(XV naskertel-ciciSvilis „samkurnalo wigni-karabadinSi“(XV

s.). ZiriTadi terminebia _ „silis“ da „filtuis siylule“, s.). ZiriTadi terminebia _ „silis“ da „filtuis siylule“,

xolo „Wleqi“ SedarebiT mogviano periodis terminia.xolo „Wleqi“ SedarebiT mogviano periodis terminia.

saukuneebis manZilze es daavadeba upovarTa sneulebad mi-saukuneebis manZilze es daavadeba upovarTa sneulebad mi-

iCneoda. misi warmoSoba da gavrceleba bevrad aris damokide-iCneoda. misi warmoSoba da gavrceleba bevrad aris damokide-

buli qveynis ekonimikur ganviTarebaze, kvebis racionze, buli qveynis ekonimikur ganviTarebaze, kvebis racionze,

janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis srulyofaze, magram dRes igi janmrTelobis dacvis sistemis srulyofaze, magram dRes igi

ukve SeZlebulTa da socialurad uzrunvelyofilTa daa-ukve SeZlebulTa da socialurad uzrunvelyofilTa daa-

vadebadac iqca.vadebadac iqca.

abasTumnis bunebrivi pirobebi xels uwyobs tuberku-abasTumnis bunebrivi pirobebi xels uwyobs tuberku-

lozis ganviTarebis Seferxebas da Zalian bevr SemTxvevaSi lozis ganviTarebis Seferxebas da Zalian bevr SemTxvevaSi

mis srul eliminacis (organizmidan gandevnas) da avadmyofis mis srul eliminacis (organizmidan gandevnas) da avadmyofis

absolutur gamojanmrTelebas. Tumca arseboben adamianebi, absolutur gamojanmrTelebas. Tumca arseboben adamianebi,

romlebsac kurortebze mkurnaloba umniSvnelod miaCniaT. romlebsac kurortebze mkurnaloba umniSvnelod miaCniaT.

magaliTad mogvyavs amonaridi b-n arCil salayaias (tuber-magaliTad mogvyavs amonaridi b-n arCil salayaias (tuber-

kulozisa da filtvis daavadebaTa erovnuli centris direq-kulozisa da filtvis daavadebaTa erovnuli centris direq-

tori) interviudan: `kurortulma mkurnalobam mniSvneloba tori) interviudan: `kurortulma mkurnalobam mniSvneloba

mas Semdeg dakarga, rac gaCnda tuberkulozis samkurnalo mas Semdeg dakarga, rac gaCnda tuberkulozis samkurnalo

wamlebi. kurortebs amJamad mxolod zogadgamajansaRebeli wamlebi. kurortebs amJamad mxolod zogadgamajansaRebeli

mniSvneloba eniWeba.“mniSvneloba eniWeba.“

jer kidev gasuli saukunis 10-ian wlebSi kovalevski Tv-jer kidev gasuli saukunis 10-ian wlebSi kovalevski Tv-

lida, rom „abasTumani yvela kurortTan konkurenciis gar-lida, rom „abasTumani yvela kurortTan konkurenciis gar-

13 saqarTvelos metyeveobis institutis Sromebi, t. XXXIX, v. beroSvili, abasT-

umnis sakurorto zonis tyeebSi haeris ozonirebisa da ionTa warmoqmnis pirobebis

Seswavla, Tb., 2003, gv. 88.

67abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisieSe sdgas da yvela kurortma mas adgili unda dauTmos.“eSe sdgas da yvela kurortma mas adgili unda dauTmos.“

1414

Cvens sinamdvileSi ki sul sxva ram moxda. damoukideblobis Cvens sinamdvileSi ki sul sxva ram moxda. damoukideblobis

23-wliani istoriis manZilze ganadgurda da miwasTan gas-23-wliani istoriis manZilze ganadgurda da miwasTan gas-

worda abasTumani yvela TvalsazrisiT (da ara marto abas-worda abasTumani yvela TvalsazrisiT (da ara marto abas-

Tumani). Tumani).

„sabWoTa periodi udides kvals amCnevs abasTumans. Send-„sabWoTa periodi udides kvals amCnevs abasTumans. Send-

eba axali samedicino da sakurorto Senobebi, observatoria, eba axali samedicino da sakurorto Senobebi, observatoria,

sabagiro, kinoTeatri, biblioTeka, skola, baga-baRi....magram, sabagiro, kinoTeatri, biblioTeka, skola, baga-baRi....magram,

amJamad aRar arsebobs mefiswul giorgis daRupvis adgilas amJamad aRar arsebobs mefiswul giorgis daRupvis adgilas

aRmarTuli samlocvelo, princesa qsenias sasaxle… XIX aRmarTuli samlocvelo, princesa qsenias sasaxle… XIX

saukuneSi aSenebuli agarakebis Tu sacxovrebeli saxlebis, saukuneSi aSenebuli agarakebis Tu sacxovrebeli saxlebis,

agreTve sxvadasxva funqciis Senobebis didi nawili.“agreTve sxvadasxva funqciis Senobebis didi nawili.“1515

Zneli misaxvedri ar unda iyos, ra da vin aris am yvelafris Zneli misaxvedri ar unda iyos, ra da vin aris am yvelafris

mizezi. cxadia, qarTveli xalxi da mis mier arCeuli mTavro-mizezi. cxadia, qarTveli xalxi da mis mier arCeuli mTavro-

bebi, romelTac erovnuli faseulobebi arad uRirT. „dRes bebi, romelTac erovnuli faseulobebi arad uRirT. „dRes

miCumebul-miwynarebulia abasTumani, odesRac xalxmravali, miCumebul-miwynarebulia abasTumani, odesRac xalxmravali,

laRi, mxiaruli...da ase nelnela veguebiT dRevandel reJims laRi, mxiaruli...da ase nelnela veguebiT dRevandel reJims

abasTumnelebi. Tu kurorti uzarmazar sanagve ormod iqca, abasTumnelebi. Tu kurorti uzarmazar sanagve ormod iqca,

didi araferi! Tu mosaxleobsiaTvis aRar arsebobs RvTiT didi araferi! Tu mosaxleobsiaTvis aRar arsebobs RvTiT

boZebuli samkurnalo mineraluri cxeli wyali, didi ambavi! boZebuli samkurnalo mineraluri cxeli wyali, didi ambavi!

Tu nelnela icleba mosaxleobisagan, didi ambavi!.. itire, Tu nelnela icleba mosaxleobisagan, didi ambavi!.. itire,

ikriaxe, TavSi qva irtyi. amaoa yvelaferi. albaT samudamod ikriaxe, TavSi qva irtyi. amaoa yvelaferi. albaT samudamod

Caesvena abasTumnis mze.“Caesvena abasTumnis mze.“1616

abasTumnis astrofizikuri observatoriaabasTumnis astrofizikuri observatoria

abasTumnis saxeli da dideba zenitSi aRiyvana im umniS-abasTumnis saxeli da dideba zenitSi aRiyvana im umniS-

vnelovanesma movlenam rasac erqva abasTumnis astrofiziku-vnelovanesma movlenam rasac erqva abasTumnis astrofiziku-

ri observatoriis daarseba. mis daarsebaSi didi wvlili Sei-ri observatoriis daarseba. mis daarsebaSi didi wvlili Sei-

tana abasTumanSi samkurnalod myofma giorgi aleqsandres tana abasTumanSi samkurnalod myofma giorgi aleqsandres

Ze romanovma (ruseTis imperatoris aleqsandre III-is vaJi, Ze romanovma (ruseTis imperatoris aleqsandre III-is vaJi,

06.05.1871. _ 09.08.1899. gardaicvala tragikulad, kldes See-06.05.1871. _ 09.08.1899. gardaicvala tragikulad, kldes See-

jaxa velosipediT), romelic, rogorc filtvebiT daavadebuli, jaxa velosipediT), romelic, rogorc filtvebiT daavadebuli,

mkurnalobda abasTumanSi da gatacebuli yofila astronomiiT.mkurnalobda abasTumanSi da gatacebuli yofila astronomiiT.

14 kovalevski, das. naSromi, gv. 31.15 n. TaTaraSvili, das. werili.

16 gaz. saqarTvelos respublika, z. lobJaniZe, kurorti abasTumani-didi dardi da

didi tkivili, # 21, Tb., 2011. 03. 02

68 mamuka cuxiSviliruseTSi ojaxis sanaxavad Casuli giorgi Sexvda Tavis ruseTSi ojaxis sanaxavad Casuli giorgi Sexvda Tavis

megobars, profesor s. glazenaps da daiTanxma abasTumanSi megobars, profesor s. glazenaps da daiTanxma abasTumanSi

stumrobaze, rasac mohyva glazenapis oTxwliani dakvirve-stumrobaze, rasac mohyva glazenapis oTxwliani dakvirve-

bebi da samecniero saqmianoba, romelic im etapze dasrulda bebi da samecniero saqmianoba, romelic im etapze dasrulda

maRal mTaze patara koSkuris agebiT, sadac damontaJda pro-maRal mTaze patara koSkuris agebiT, sadac damontaJda pro-

fesor glazenapis mier Camotanili teleskopi. glazenapma fesor glazenapis mier Camotanili teleskopi. glazenapma

abasTumnis observatoriaSi dakvirvebebi 1892 wlidan daiwyo abasTumnis observatoriaSi dakvirvebebi 1892 wlidan daiwyo

da 1897 wels daasrula. Catarebulma dakvirvebebma cxadyo da 1897 wels daasrula. Catarebulma dakvirvebebma cxadyo

is faqti, rom abasTumanSi saukeTeso bunebrivi pirobebi iyo is faqti, rom abasTumanSi saukeTeso bunebrivi pirobebi iyo

astronomuli kvlevebisaTvis.astronomuli kvlevebisaTvis.

giorgi romanovis tragikulma gardacvalebam xeli SeuSa-giorgi romanovis tragikulma gardacvalebam xeli SeuSa-

la observatoriis safuZvlian ganviTarebas, magram saZirkve-la observatoriis safuZvlian ganviTarebas, magram saZirkve-

li namdvilad Caeyara, rasac isev ruseTis samecniero wreebi-li namdvilad Caeyara, rasac isev ruseTis samecniero wreebi-

dan mohyva Semdgomi nabijebi.dan mohyva Semdgomi nabijebi.

XX s-is 20-ian wlebSi ruseTis mecnierebaTa akademiis XX s-is 20-ian wlebSi ruseTis mecnierebaTa akademiis

winaSe daisva sakiTxi astrofizikuri observatoriis da-winaSe daisva sakiTxi astrofizikuri observatoriis da-

fuZnebis Sesaxeb. Seiqmna specialuri komisia, romelsac unda fuZnebis Sesaxeb. Seiqmna specialuri komisia, romelsac unda

Seeswavla (ruseTisa da mimdebare qveynebis, Semdeg mokavSire Seeswavla (ruseTisa da mimdebare qveynebis, Semdeg mokavSire

respublikebis) iseTi adgilebi, bunebrivi da klimaturi pi-respublikebis) iseTi adgilebi, bunebrivi da klimaturi pi-

robebi, sadac SesaZlebeli iqneboda aseTi samecniero obi-robebi, sadac SesaZlebeli iqneboda aseTi samecniero obi-

eqtis ganTavseba.eqtis ganTavseba.

astronomiuli kvlevebi moiTxovda zust dakvirvebebs, astronomiuli kvlevebi moiTxovda zust dakvirvebebs,

teleskopebi da sxva aucilebeli samecniero aRWurviloba teleskopebi da sxva aucilebeli samecniero aRWurviloba

ki sakmaod ZviradRirebuli iyo. amitom, masze daxarjuli ki sakmaod ZviradRirebuli iyo. amitom, masze daxarjuli

saxsrebi gamarTlebulad rom CaTvliliyo, didi observato-saxsrebi gamarTlebulad rom CaTvliliyo, didi observato-

riisTvis saukeTeso astronomiuli klimatis mqone adgili riisTvis saukeTeso astronomiuli klimatis mqone adgili

SeirCa, rac niSnavs – haeris maRal gamWvirvalobas, sufTa da SeirCa, rac niSnavs – haeris maRal gamWvirvalobas, sufTa da

mdgrad atmosferosa da uRrublo amindebis did raodenobas, mdgrad atmosferosa da uRrublo amindebis did raodenobas,

radgan ciur sxeulebze optikuri xelsawyoebiT dakvirvebebi radgan ciur sxeulebze optikuri xelsawyoebiT dakvirvebebi

mxolod am SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli.mxolod am SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli.

abasTumnis klimatma ruseTis gareTac gaiTqva saxeli. XIX abasTumnis klimatma ruseTis gareTac gaiTqva saxeli. XIX

saukunis gamoCenili amerikeli astronomi Serburn bernhemi saukunis gamoCenili amerikeli astronomi Serburn bernhemi

1893 wels werda: „abasTumnis mdebareoba uaRresad xelsayre-1893 wels werda: „abasTumnis mdebareoba uaRresad xelsayre-

lia astronomiuli samuSaoebisaTvis. Tu Sedegebis mixedviT lia astronomiuli samuSaoebisaTvis. Tu Sedegebis mixedviT

vimsjelebT, arc erT observatorias evropaSi ar aqvs aseTi vimsjelebT, arc erT observatorias evropaSi ar aqvs aseTi

xelsayreli ganlageba da Znelia davasaxeloT adgili, garda xelsayreli ganlageba da Znelia davasaxeloT adgili, garda

hamiltonis observatoriisa, sadac atmosferuli pirobebi hamiltonis observatoriisa, sadac atmosferuli pirobebi

69abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisiaseve xelsayrelia.“aseve xelsayrelia.“

1717

am mosazrebas momdevno wlebSi daeTanxma eduin pauel ha-am mosazrebas momdevno wlebSi daeTanxma eduin pauel ha-

blibli1818, romelic muSaobda jer ierqsis, Semdeg ki mauntvil-, romelic muSaobda jer ierqsis, Semdeg ki mauntvil-

sonis observatoriebSi. am mecnieris pativsacemad arsebobs sonis observatoriebSi. am mecnieris pativsacemad arsebobs

`hablis kanoni~, romlis Tanaxmad sxvadadasxva galaqtikis `hablis kanoni~, romlis Tanaxmad sxvadadasxva galaqtikis

siCqare dedamiwis mimarT proporciulia manZilsa da droSi.siCqare dedamiwis mimarT proporciulia manZilsa da droSi.

1932 wels abasTumanSi ssrk-Si pirveli samTo observato-1932 wels abasTumanSi ssrk-Si pirveli samTo observato-

ria daarsda. Tavdapirvelad observatoria ganTavsda gior-ria daarsda. Tavdapirvelad observatoria ganTavsda gior-

giseul koSkSi, sadac damontaJda 33 sm-iani „glazenapis giseul koSkSi, sadac damontaJda 33 sm-iani „glazenapis

teleskopi“, xolo 1934 wels ssr kavSiris ck-is 10 martis teleskopi“, xolo 1934 wels ssr kavSiris ck-is 10 martis

dadgenilebiT abasTumnis astrofizikur observatorias ga-dadgenilebiT abasTumnis astrofizikur observatorias ga-

daeca „karl caisis“ (germania) warmoebis 40 sm-iani opti-daeca „karl caisis“ (germania) warmoebis 40 sm-iani opti-

kuri refraqtori. am saqmeSi didi wvlili miuZRvis cnobil kuri refraqtori. am saqmeSi didi wvlili miuZRvis cnobil

rus astronoms da leningradis astronomiuli institutis rus astronoms da leningradis astronomiuli institutis

damaarsebels, akademikos boris numerovs, romlis aspiran-damaarsebels, akademikos boris numerovs, romlis aspiran-

tic iyo msoflioSi gamoCenili astronomi evgeni xaraZe, ro-tic iyo msoflioSi gamoCenili astronomi evgeni xaraZe, ro-

melic saqarTvelos ssr ck-is dadgenilebis Tanaxmad imave melic saqarTvelos ssr ck-is dadgenilebis Tanaxmad imave

wels dainiSna abasTumnis astrofizikuri observatoriis di-wels dainiSna abasTumnis astrofizikuri observatoriis di-

reqtorad da 1936 wlis 28 aprils leningradis saxelmwifo reqtorad da 1936 wlis 28 aprils leningradis saxelmwifo

universitetSi fizika-maTematikis mecnierebaTa samecniero universitetSi fizika-maTematikis mecnierebaTa samecniero

xarisxis mosapoveblad daicva sakandidato disertacia. xarisxis mosapoveblad daicva sakandidato disertacia.

„1932 wlis 8 Tebervals saqarTvelos mTavrobam, e.xaraZis „1932 wlis 8 Tebervals saqarTvelos mTavrobam, e.xaraZis

moxsenebis safuZvelze, miiRo dadgenileba abasTumanSi as-moxsenebis safuZvelze, miiRo dadgenileba abasTumanSi as-

trofizikuri observatoriis organizaciis Taobaze. jer trofizikuri observatoriis organizaciis Taobaze. jer

kidev ararsebuli observatoriis direqtorad dainiSna as-kidev ararsebuli observatoriis direqtorad dainiSna as-

tronomiiT gatacebuli ocdaxuTi wlis evgeni xaraZe. ase tronomiiT gatacebuli ocdaxuTi wlis evgeni xaraZe. ase

warmoiSva proeqti, romelic iTvaliswinebda observatori-warmoiSva proeqti, romelic iTvaliswinebda observatori-

is mSeneblobas yanobilis mTaze, zRvis donidan 1700 metris is mSeneblobas yanobilis mTaze, zRvis donidan 1700 metris

simaRleze.“simaRleze.“1919

1937 wels pirvelad mTels msoflioSi damuSavda galaq-1937 wels pirvelad mTels msoflioSi damuSavda galaq-

tikaSi varskvlavTsivrculi simkvriveebis gamoTvlis efeq-tikaSi varskvlavTsivrculi simkvriveebis gamoTvlis efeq-

turi meTodi, romelic cnobilia rogorc vaSakiZe (1909-1956 turi meTodi, romelic cnobilia rogorc vaSakiZe (1909-1956

ww.)-oortis meTodi, romliTac astronomiaSi Seiswavleba ww.)-oortis meTodi, romliTac astronomiaSi Seiswavleba

galaqtikis varskvlavTa sivrculi ganawileba. galaqtikis varskvlavTa sivrculi ganawileba.

meore msoflio omis pirvelive wels abasTumnis observa-meore msoflio omis pirvelive wels abasTumnis observa-

17 astronomiis cnobari, aSS, ierqsi, 1934.

18 amerikeli astronomi, vaSingtonis mecnierebaTa erovnuli akademiis wevri.

19 gaz. saqarTvelos respublika, l. mgalobliSvili, sami prezidenti, Tb. 2007. 18. 12.

70 mamuka cuxiSvilitoriam Seifara yirimis (simeizis) observatoriidan evakuire-toriam Seifara yirimis (simeizis) observatoriidan evakuire-

bul mecnier-astronomTa mcire jgufi akademikos g. Sainis bul mecnier-astronomTa mcire jgufi akademikos g. Sainis

xelmZRvanelobiT. maT yvela piroba hqondaT Seqmnili mecni-xelmZRvanelobiT. maT yvela piroba hqondaT Seqmnili mecni-

eruli muSaobis gagrZelebisaTvis. „abasTumnis astrofizi-eruli muSaobis gagrZelebisaTvis. „abasTumnis astrofizi-

kuri observatoria amuSavebda astrofizikis, varskvlavTa kuri observatoria amuSavebda astrofizikis, varskvlavTa

astronomiis, mzis fizikisa da Teoriuli astronomiis prob-astronomiis, mzis fizikisa da Teoriuli astronomiis prob-

lemebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia kosmosis aTvisebasTan. lemebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia kosmosis aTvisebasTan.

axali meTodebis gamoyenebiT warmoebda mTvaris zedapiris axali meTodebis gamoyenebiT warmoebda mTvaris zedapiris

fizikuri Tvisebebis da galaqtikaSi sinaTlis STanTqmis fizikuri Tvisebebis da galaqtikaSi sinaTlis STanTqmis

sakiTxebis Seswavla.“sakiTxebis Seswavla.“2020

1954 wlis 30 ivniss abasTumnis observatoriis TanamS-1954 wlis 30 ivniss abasTumnis observatoriis TanamS-

romlebis mier Sesrulda mzis gvirgvinis gamosaxulebis ra-romlebis mier Sesrulda mzis gvirgvinis gamosaxulebis ra-

diometruli gansazRvra. 1957 wels dedamiwis irgvliv gaSve-diometruli gansazRvra. 1957 wels dedamiwis irgvliv gaSve-

bul xelovnur Tanamgzavrze, pirvelad sabWoTa kavSirSi (da bul xelovnur Tanamgzavrze, pirvelad sabWoTa kavSirSi (da

mTels kontinentze) danerges astrofizikur dakvirvebaTa ax-mTels kontinentze) danerges astrofizikur dakvirvebaTa ax-

ali meTodebi, maT Soris fotoeleqtruli meTodi. 1958 wels ali meTodebi, maT Soris fotoeleqtruli meTodi. 1958 wels

meqanikuri teleskopiT pirvelad sabWoTa kavSirSi ganxor-meqanikuri teleskopiT pirvelad sabWoTa kavSirSi ganxor-

cielda mkrTali arastacionaruli varskvlavebis dakvirveba cielda mkrTali arastacionaruli varskvlavebis dakvirveba

da gamokvleva da sxv.da gamokvleva da sxv.

abasTumnis observatoriaSi uamravi msoflio donis aR-abasTumnis observatoriaSi uamravi msoflio donis aR-

moCenaa gakeTebuli: aRmoCenilia 2 kometa, ramdenime mcire moCenaa gakeTebuli: aRmoCenilia 2 kometa, ramdenime mcire

planeta, 6 axali, erTi ganmeorebadi axali da 8 zeaxali var-planeta, 6 axali, erTi ganmeorebadi axali da 8 zeaxali var-

skvlavi, 17 planeturi nisleuli, 3 varskvlavTgrova, mra-skvlavi, 17 planeturi nisleuli, 3 varskvlavTgrova, mra-

vali emisiuri varskvlavi (maT Soris 2 volf-raies tipis vali emisiuri varskvlavi (maT Soris 2 volf-raies tipis

varskvlavi) da sxv.varskvlavi) da sxv.

2003 wlis monacemebiT observatoriaSi muSavdeboda 2003 wlis monacemebiT observatoriaSi muSavdeboda

„galaqtikis agebulebisa da evoluciis Sewavla fotometri-„galaqtikis agebulebisa da evoluciis Sewavla fotometri-

is, kolorimetriisa da speqtroskopiis meTodebiT, astrono-is, kolorimetriisa da speqtroskopiis meTodebiT, astrono-

miuli da cvalebadi varskvlavebis kvleva eleqtrofotome-miuli da cvalebadi varskvlavebis kvleva eleqtrofotome-

truli, speqtroskopuli da polarimetruli meTodebiT.“ truli, speqtroskopuli da polarimetruli meTodebiT.“

aseve mimdinareobda „mzis gare atmosferos fizikuri Tvise-aseve mimdinareobda „mzis gare atmosferos fizikuri Tvise-

bebis Seswavla. mTvarisa da planetebis fizikuri Tvisebebis bebis Seswavla. mTvarisa da planetebis fizikuri Tvisebebis

Seswavla eleqtrofotometruli da eleqtropolarimetru-Seswavla eleqtrofotometruli da eleqtropolarimetru-

li meTodebiT. gamokvlevebi klasikur astronomiaSi, plan-li meTodebiT. gamokvlevebi klasikur astronomiaSi, plan-

etur kosmogoniaSi da garegalaqtikur astronomiaSi.“etur kosmogoniaSi da garegalaqtikur astronomiaSi.“2121

20 Jur. saqarTvelos komunisti, #2, Tb., 1958.

21 abasTumnis astrofizikuri observatoria, Tb., 2003, gv. 41.

71abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisiPrimerInfo.GePrimerInfo.Ge-sTan (2013 wlis 7 ivnisi) saubrisas ilias -sTan (2013 wlis 7 ivnisi) saubrisas ilias

universitetis profesori zurab gagniZe aRSfoTebas ver ma-universitetis profesori zurab gagniZe aRSfoTebas ver ma-

lavs: „cnobilia, rom ilias universitetTan SeerTebis Sem-lavs: „cnobilia, rom ilias universitetTan SeerTebis Sem-

deg, romelsac piradad me gigias universitets vuwodeb, ob-deg, romelsac piradad me gigias universitets vuwodeb, ob-

servatorias CamoarTves ara marto Senoba, aramed kvleviTi servatorias CamoarTves ara marto Senoba, aramed kvleviTi

da institucionaluri funqciebi da, faqtobrivad, gaauqmes. da institucionaluri funqciebi da, faqtobrivad, gaauqmes.

metsac getyviT, observatoriasTan mdebare kotejebSi cxov-metsac getyviT, observatoriasTan mdebare kotejebSi cxov-

robdnen da iqve muSaobdnen evgeni xaraZis mowafeebi da mowa-robdnen da iqve muSaobdnen evgeni xaraZis mowafeebi da mowa-

feebis mowafeebi. mas Semdeg, rac observatorias daepatronen, feebis mowafeebi. mas Semdeg, rac observatorias daepatronen,

TevzaZem da ratianma es xalxi kotejebidan gamoyares da Ta-TevzaZem da ratianma es xalxi kotejebidan gamoyares da Ta-

vianTi axloblebi Seasaxles. yvela dokumentze, romelic im vianTi axloblebi Seasaxles. yvela dokumentze, romelic im

periodSi Seiqmna, am ori adamianis xelmowera figurirebs. periodSi Seiqmna, am ori adamianis xelmowera figurirebs.

roca am da sxva saqmeebis gamoZieba moxdeba, gigi TevzaZis roca am da sxva saqmeebis gamoZieba moxdeba, gigi TevzaZis

garda aucileblad unda dadges misi kanclerisa da amJamad garda aucileblad unda dadges misi kanclerisa da amJamad

parlamentari sergo ratianis pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxic. parlamentari sergo ratianis pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxic.

minda mivmarTo saqarTvelos parlaments da mis Tavmjdomares minda mivmarTo saqarTvelos parlaments da mis Tavmjdomares

ratianisTvis imunitetis moxsnis moTxovniT, rom TevzaZesTan ratianisTvis imunitetis moxsnis moTxovniT, rom TevzaZesTan

erTad pasuxi agos yvela danaSaulze.“ erTad pasuxi agos yvela danaSaulze.“

„astronomia prestiJuli mecnierebaa. tyuilad rodi mi-„astronomia prestiJuli mecnierebaa. tyuilad rodi mi-

aCnia iuneskos, rom Tanamedrove ganviTarebul, demokrati-aCnia iuneskos, rom Tanamedrove ganviTarebul, demokrati-

ul saxelmwifoTa aucilebel atributs Seadgens adamianTa ul saxelmwifoTa aucilebel atributs Seadgens adamianTa

moRvaweobis sami sfero: filosofia, sporti da astronomia. moRvaweobis sami sfero: filosofia, sporti da astronomia.

swored amitomaa, rom teritoriiTa da mosaxleobis raode-swored amitomaa, rom teritoriiTa da mosaxleobis raode-

nobiT, ase Tu ise, saqarTvelosTan Sesadar iseT qveynebSi, nobiT, ase Tu ise, saqarTvelosTan Sesadar iseT qveynebSi,

rogorebicaa belgia, holandia, dania, SvedeTi da sxva, gan-rogorebicaa belgia, holandia, dania, SvedeTi da sxva, gan-

sakuTrebulad maRal donezea ganviTarebuli astronomi-sakuTrebulad maRal donezea ganviTarebuli astronomi-

uli mecniereba. hoda, Tuki CrdiloeT evropis am umetesad uli mecniereba. hoda, Tuki CrdiloeT evropis am umetesad

Rrublian da nestian (rac metad araxelsayrelia astronomi-Rrublian da nestian (rac metad araxelsayrelia astronomi-

uli dakvirvebebis sawarmoeblad) qveynebSi aseTi mdgomareo-uli dakvirvebebis sawarmoeblad) qveynebSi aseTi mdgomareo-

baa, ratom ar unda viTardebodes maRal doneze astronomiuli baa, ratom ar unda viTardebodes maRal doneze astronomiuli

mecniereba didi momavlis mqone Cvens mzian saqarTveloSi.“mecniereba didi momavlis mqone Cvens mzian saqarTveloSi.“2222

_ amas natrobs 90 wels mitanebuli mecnieri, profesori, _ amas natrobs 90 wels mitanebuli mecnieri, profesori,

astrofizikosi viqtor jafiaSvili, romelic 59 wlis ganma-astrofizikosi viqtor jafiaSvili, romelic 59 wlis ganma-

vlobaSi muSaobda abasTumnis observatoriaSi da TiTqmis 20 vlobaSi muSaobda abasTumnis observatoriaSi da TiTqmis 20

weli iyo akademikos e. xaraZis moadgile.weli iyo akademikos e. xaraZis moadgile.

22 gaz. saqarTvelos respublika, 21. 12. 2008.

72 mamuka cuxiSvilidRevandeli abasTumanidRevandeli abasTumani

Cven mokled mimovixileT abasTumnis istoria, samkurnalo Cven mokled mimovixileT abasTumnis istoria, samkurnalo

cxeli mineraluri wylebis, havisa da observatoriis warsu-cxeli mineraluri wylebis, havisa da observatoriis warsu-

li da bed-iRbali. wakiTxuls da mosmenils TvaliT nanaxi li da bed-iRbali. wakiTxuls da mosmenils TvaliT nanaxi

vamjobineT da vewvieT CemTvis da mravalTaTvis sayvarel da vamjobineT da vewvieT CemTvis da mravalTaTvis sayvarel da

Zvirfas abasTumans, istoriul oZrÃes, igive ocxes.Zvirfas abasTumans, istoriul oZrÃes, igive ocxes.

2013 wlis 19-20 dekembers Cemi megobris giorgi goreliS-2013 wlis 19-20 dekembers Cemi megobris giorgi goreliS-

vilis stumarTmoyvare ojaxma mimaspinZla daba abasTumanSi, vilis stumarTmoyvare ojaxma mimaspinZla daba abasTumanSi,

romelic samwuxarod erT patara, miviwyebul sofels ufro romelic samwuxarod erT patara, miviwyebul sofels ufro

hgavs, vidre adrindeli SaravandediT mosil kurort (daba) hgavs, vidre adrindeli SaravandediT mosil kurort (daba)

abasTumans.abasTumans.

pirveli Sexvedra gvqonda abasTumnis tubsawinaaRmdego pirveli Sexvedra gvqonda abasTumnis tubsawinaaRmdego

saaavdmyofos (e.w. „zekaris“) cnobil eqimTan, qalbaton nana saaavdmyofos (e.w. „zekaris“) cnobil eqimTan, qalbaton nana

xevsurianTan, romelsac mxolod erTi kiTxviT mivmarTeT: xevsurianTan, romelsac mxolod erTi kiTxviT mivmarTeT:

„Tqveni gamocdilebidan da praqtikidan gamomdinare, abasT-„Tqveni gamocdilebidan da praqtikidan gamomdinare, abasT-

umnis hava namdvilad makurneblad moqmedebs tuberkuloziTa umnis hava namdvilad makurneblad moqmedebs tuberkuloziTa

da filtvis sxva daavadebebiT daaavadebulTa sicocxlisuna-da filtvis sxva daavadebebiT daaavadebulTa sicocxlisuna-

rianobasa da gamojanmrTelebaze?“ razedac qalbatonma nanam rianobasa da gamojanmrTelebaze?“ razedac qalbatonma nanam

gvipasuxa: „abasTumnis hava namdvilad makurnebeli efeqtebi-gvipasuxa: „abasTumnis hava namdvilad makurnebeli efeqtebi-

Ta da TvisebebiT gamoirCeva da tuberkuloziT daavadebulTa Ta da TvisebebiT gamoirCeva da tuberkuloziT daavadebulTa

samkurnalod qimioTerapiasTan (dadgenili medikamentoTe-samkurnalod qimioTerapiasTan (dadgenili medikamentoTe-

rapiasTan) erTad uaRresad mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs rapiasTan) erTad uaRresad mniSvnelovan rols asrulebs

maT gamojanmrTelebasa da sicocxlisunarianobis gazrdaSi. maT gamojanmrTelebasa da sicocxlisunarianobis gazrdaSi.

cxadia, Tuki pacientebi zedmiwevniT zustad asruleben im cxadia, Tuki pacientebi zedmiwevniT zustad asruleben im

miTiTebebsa da rekomendaciebs, rasac maT eqimi-fTiziatrebi miTiTebebsa da rekomendaciebs, rasac maT eqimi-fTiziatrebi

aZleven.“aZleven.“

qalbatonma nanam aseve gviTxra, rom „es saavadmyofo (anu qalbatonma nanam aseve gviTxra, rom „es saavadmyofo (anu

Senoba) sakmaod moZvelebulia, misi movla-patronoba ver xe-Senoba) sakmaod moZvelebulia, misi movla-patronoba ver xe-

rxdeba da amis gamo, jer kidev 2008 wels Sedga gegma, romlis rxdeba da amis gamo, jer kidev 2008 wels Sedga gegma, romlis

mixedviTac kurcxanas (mdebareobs abasTumnis SesasvlelTan- mixedviTac kurcxanas (mdebareobs abasTumnis SesasvlelTan-

m.c.) teritoriaze unda aSenebuliyo amave tipis 100 sawo-m.c.) teritoriaze unda aSenebuliyo amave tipis 100 sawo-

liani klinika, romelic aRWurvili iqneboda yvela saTanado liani klinika, romelic aRWurvili iqneboda yvela saTanado

samedicino teqnikiT.“ samedicino teqnikiT.“

Tumca es idea da gegma dRemde ar ganxorcielebula. abas-Tumca es idea da gegma dRemde ar ganxorcielebula. abas-

Tumnelebi ki sxva informacias floben. kerZod, „zemdgomebs“ Tumnelebi ki sxva informacias floben. kerZod, „zemdgomebs“

da „gavlenian“ Cinosnebs Tu biznesmenebs Tvali aqvT dadg-da „gavlenian“ Cinosnebs Tu biznesmenebs Tvali aqvT dadg-

73abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisi

muli saukunovan Senobaze da es gegmac am ideis nawilia, anu muli saukunovan Senobaze da es gegmac am ideis nawilia, anu

undaT rom „zekaris“ Senoba gasxvisdes piradi daniSnulebi-undaT rom „zekaris“ Senoba gasxvisdes piradi daniSnulebi-

saTvis, rac simarTlesTan Zalian axlosaa.saTvis, rac simarTlesTan Zalian axlosaa.

„zekaris“ tubsaavadmyofos garda abasTumanSi (rogorc „zekaris“ tubsaavadmyofos garda abasTumanSi (rogorc

zemoTac aRvniSneT) iyo tubsawinaaRmdego centrebi „aRo-zemoTac aRvniSneT) iyo tubsawinaaRmdego centrebi „aRo-

bili“, `varZia~,bili“, `varZia~,2323 „arazindo“, „ocxe“, „mesxeTi“, „cisarty- „arazindo“, „ocxe“, „mesxeTi“, „cisarty-

ela“, romelTagan dRes aRarcerTi ar funqcionirebs, rom-ela“, romelTagan dRes aRarcerTi ar funqcionirebs, rom-

lebic gasxvisebuli, dangreuli da auTvisebelia. ara da am lebic gasxvisebuli, dangreuli da auTvisebelia. ara da am

centrebSi yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebidan da axlo aR-centrebSi yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebidan da axlo aR-

mosavleTidan Camosuli aTasobiT adamiani mkurnalobda da mosavleTidan Camosuli aTasobiT adamiani mkurnalobda da

Sedegic gansacvifrebeli iyo.Sedegic gansacvifrebeli iyo.

am yvela uaryofiT movlenas Tan axlavs „zekaris“ tubsawi-am yvela uaryofiT movlenas Tan axlavs „zekaris“ tubsawi-

naaRmdego saavadmyofos pacientTa mxridan mkurnalobisadmi naaRmdego saavadmyofos pacientTa mxridan mkurnalobisadmi

daudevroba, rac „mtris“ wisqvilze asxams wyals da saqarT-daudevroba, rac „mtris“ wisqvilze asxams wyals da saqarT-

23 Tavis dros, am sanatoriumSi iwva sneuli lado asaTiani, romlis `TeTri pal-

ata~ nacmoZraobis urdos SemoWramde, ase Tu ise, mainc daculi iyo. axla ki,

gasxvisebuli `varZia~ isea migdebuli, rom naTel warmodgenas gviqmnis Senobis

axlandeli mflobelis damokidebulebaze saqarTvelos saxelovani Svilebisa da,

saerTod, qarTuli kulturis mimarT. Tu samarTali marTla aRdgeba, `varZiis~

axlandelma mepatronem unda gaiTvaliswinos, rom erovnul faseulobaTa Seura-

cxyofisa da gaCanagebisTvis pasuxi yvelas moeTxoveba (red.).

sneulTa TanamgrZnobi da mkurnali, q-ni nana xevsuriani.sneulTa TanamgrZnobi da mkurnali, q-ni nana xevsuriani.

74 mamuka cuxiSvilivelos xelisuflebasa da wamyvan samedicino dawesebulebas velos xelisuflebasa da wamyvan samedicino dawesebulebas

(tuberkulozisa da filtvis daavadebaTa erovnuli centri) (tuberkulozisa da filtvis daavadebaTa erovnuli centri)

aZlevs xels, raTa saerTodac gauqmdes abasTumnis tuberku-aZlevs xels, raTa saerTodac gauqmdes abasTumnis tuberku-

lozis samkurnalo erTaderTi saavadmyofo da mas mxolod lozis samkurnalo erTaderTi saavadmyofo da mas mxolod

sanatoriumis (stacionaruli samkurnalo-profilaqtikuri sanatoriumis (stacionaruli samkurnalo-profilaqtikuri

dawesebuleba, sadac avadmyofTa gajansaRebisaTvis iyeneben dawesebuleba, sadac avadmyofTa gajansaRebisaTvis iyeneben

higienur reJims, fizioTerapias, mzisa da haeris abazanebs, higienur reJims, fizioTerapias, mzisa da haeris abazanebs,

mineralur wylebs, samkurnalo fizkulturas, dietas da mineralur wylebs, samkurnalo fizkulturas, dietas da

sxv.) statusi mieniWos.sxv.) statusi mieniWos.

zogadad, abasTumnis tubsawinaaRmdego saavadmyofos moma-zogadad, abasTumnis tubsawinaaRmdego saavadmyofos moma-

vali sasworze dgas, misi bed-iRbali aravis adardebs da ar vali sasworze dgas, misi bed-iRbali aravis adardebs da ar

aris gamoricxuli, uaxloes momavalSi „zekarSi“ is moxdes, aris gamoricxuli, uaxloes momavalSi „zekarSi“ is moxdes,

rac abasTumnis sxva tubcentrebs daemarTaT, rac udavod rac abasTumnis sxva tubcentrebs daemarTaT, rac udavod

didi Secdoma da danaklisi iqneba mTeli saqarTvelosTvis.didi Secdoma da danaklisi iqneba mTeli saqarTvelosTvis.

garkveuli sakiTxebis dasazusteblad mivmarTeT saqarT-garkveuli sakiTxebis dasazusteblad mivmarTeT saqarT-

velos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis samin-velos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis samin-

istros, saidanac miviReT Semdegi pasuxi: „statistikuri istros, saidanac miviReT Semdegi pasuxi: „statistikuri

monacemebis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi 2012 wlis ganmavlobaSi monacemebis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi 2012 wlis ganmavlobaSi

registrirebulia tuberkulozis 4975 SemTxveva, aqedan filt-registrirebulia tuberkulozis 4975 SemTxveva, aqedan filt-

saavadmyofo «zekari». abasTumanSi SemorCenili erTaderTi saavadmyofo «zekari». abasTumanSi SemorCenili erTaderTi

samkurnalo dawesebuleba.samkurnalo dawesebuleba.

75abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisivis tuberkulozis _ 3907. filtvis tuberkulozis registri-vis tuberkulozis _ 3907. filtvis tuberkulozis registri-

rebuli SemTxvevebidan 2280 pacients aReniSneboda baqteriaga-rebuli SemTxvevebidan 2280 pacients aReniSneboda baqteriaga-

moyofa (mgb+). „abasTumnis tubsawinaaRmdego saavadmyofos“ moyofa (mgb+). „abasTumnis tubsawinaaRmdego saavadmyofos“

pirobebSi SesaZlebelia filtvis tuberkulozis sensitiuri pirobebSi SesaZlebelia filtvis tuberkulozis sensitiuri

da rezistenturi formebiT daavadebul pacientTa mkurnaloba da rezistenturi formebiT daavadebul pacientTa mkurnaloba

rogorc stacionarul, ise ambulatoriul reJimSi.“rogorc stacionarul, ise ambulatoriul reJimSi.“

erTma cnobilma eqimma, romelmac gvTxova, ar gveTqva erTma cnobilma eqimma, romelmac gvTxova, ar gveTqva

misi gvar-saxeli, gagvimxila, rom „abasTumnis hava ara mar-misi gvar-saxeli, gagvimxila, rom „abasTumnis hava ara mar-

to kurnavs tuberkulozs, cxadia qimioTerapiasTan erTad, to kurnavs tuberkulozs, cxadia qimioTerapiasTan erTad,

aramed xels uwyobs gankurnebis Semdgomi procesebis mar-aramed xels uwyobs gankurnebis Semdgomi procesebis mar-

Tvasa da mikrobaqteriisadmi mgrZnobelobis gazrdas, rac Tvasa da mikrobaqteriisadmi mgrZnobelobis gazrdas, rac

uaRresad dadebiTad moqmedebs pacientTa sicocxlisunari-uaRresad dadebiTad moqmedebs pacientTa sicocxlisunari-

anobis amaRlebaze. yovelive amis safuZveli abasTumnis fi-anobis amaRlebaze. yovelive amis safuZveli abasTumnis fi-

Wvia. fiWvis preparatebs farTod iyeneben medicinaSi. fiW-Wvia. fiWvis preparatebs farTod iyeneben medicinaSi. fiW-

vis wiwvebs xmaroben rogorc amosaxvelebel saSualebas, vis wiwvebs xmaroben rogorc amosaxvelebel saSualebas,

iyeneben vitaminur nedleulad, infeqciuri daavadebebis da iyeneben vitaminur nedleulad, infeqciuri daavadebebis da

Wrilobebis mkurnalobisaTvis, wiwvebis eqstraqts uniSnaven Wrilobebis mkurnalobisaTvis, wiwvebis eqstraqts uniSnaven

gamamagrebel abazanebisTvis. fiWvis eTerzeTi gamoiyeneba gamamagrebel abazanebisTvis. fiWvis eTerzeTi gamoiyeneba

revmatuli tkivilebisas Sesazelad da sasunTqi gzebis da-revmatuli tkivilebisas Sesazelad da sasunTqi gzebis da-

zianebis dros CasasunTqad, skipidars iyeneben revmatizmebis zianebis dros CasasunTqad, skipidars iyeneben revmatizmebis

dros da agreTve antiparazitul saSualebad. jandacvis sa-dros da agreTve antiparazitul saSualebad. jandacvis sa-

ministros, qarTvel fTiziatrebs da dargis specialistebs ministros, qarTvel fTiziatrebs da dargis specialistebs

abasTumani karga xania aRar adardebT da cdiloben saerTo-abasTumani karga xania aRar adardebT da cdiloben saerTo-

dac uari Tqvan iq pacientTa gaweraze, arada, mTeli msofli-dac uari Tqvan iq pacientTa gaweraze, arada, mTeli msofli-

os medikosebis yuradReba mimarTulia balneo da klimato-os medikosebis yuradReba mimarTulia balneo da klimato-

Terapiuli kurortebisken, rac umniSvnelovanesia ama Tu im Terapiuli kurortebisken, rac umniSvnelovanesia ama Tu im

saxelmwifos momavlisaTvis.“saxelmwifos momavlisaTvis.“

aseT kurortebs miekuTvneba germaniaSi, baden-badenis is-aseT kurortebs miekuTvneba germaniaSi, baden-badenis is-

toriuli kurorti, ungreTis kurortebi (maT Soris hevizis toriuli kurorti, ungreTis kurortebi (maT Soris hevizis

tba), inglisSi baTis balneologiuri kurorti, aRmosavleT tba), inglisSi baTis balneologiuri kurorti, aRmosavleT

SveicariaSi kurorti davosi (abasTumnis msgavsi faqtore-SveicariaSi kurorti davosi (abasTumnis msgavsi faqtore-

biT), igive piatigorskis balneologiuri instituti da ka-biT), igive piatigorskis balneologiuri instituti da ka-

vkasiis mineraluri wylebi....yvelgan patronoben bunebis um-vkasiis mineraluri wylebi....yvelgan patronoben bunebis um-

didres da momajadoebel saganZurs saqarTvelos garda.didres da momajadoebel saganZurs saqarTvelos garda.

xangrZlivi Sexvedra gvqonda evgeni xaraZis abasTumnis as-xangrZlivi Sexvedra gvqonda evgeni xaraZis abasTumnis as-

trofizikuri observatoriis mTavar mecnier-TanamSromelT-trofizikuri observatoriis mTavar mecnier-TanamSromelT-

an (gvar-saxels ar vamxelT misive TxovniT), romelic ukve 40 an (gvar-saxels ar vamxelT misive TxovniT), romelic ukve 40

76 mamuka cuxiSviliwlia aq moRvaweobs.wlia aq moRvaweobs.

abasTumnis observatorias sabWoTa kavSiris dangrevis Sem-abasTumnis observatorias sabWoTa kavSiris dangrevis Sem-

deg aranairi daxmareba ar miuRia, maT Soris yvelaze mcirec deg aranairi daxmareba ar miuRia, maT Soris yvelaze mcirec

ki. ar miuRia axali da msoflioSi danergili optikuri xel-ki. ar miuRia axali da msoflioSi danergili optikuri xel-

sawyoebi da masalebi. teqnikuri progresi am uaRresad mniS-sawyoebi da masalebi. teqnikuri progresi am uaRresad mniS-

vnelovani samecniero obiqtisgan Sors dgas. amis miuxedavad, vnelovani samecniero obiqtisgan Sors dgas. amis miuxedavad,

observatoriaSi wuTiT ar Sewyvetila sicocxle, ar Camqrala observatoriaSi wuTiT ar Sewyvetila sicocxle, ar Camqrala

sinaTle da dRemde elian mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas.sinaTle da dRemde elian mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas.

rogorc iTqva, saqarTvelos wina mTavrobis gadawyvetile-rogorc iTqva, saqarTvelos wina mTavrobis gadawyvetile-

biT, observatoria ilias universitets gadaeca, rac imTaviTve biT, observatoria ilias universitets gadaeca, rac imTaviTve

udidesi Secdoma iyo. axla ki vrceldeba informacia, rom ax-udidesi Secdoma iyo. axla ki vrceldeba informacia, rom ax-

alcixis saswavlo universitetis xelSi unda gadavides, rasac alcixis saswavlo universitetis xelSi unda gadavides, rasac

ewinaaRmdegebian mecnierebi, vinaidan am saswavlebels ar gaaC-ewinaaRmdegebian mecnierebi, vinaidan am saswavlebels ar gaaC-

nia samagistro da sadoqtoro programebi, ar aqvs saTanado nia samagistro da sadoqtoro programebi, ar aqvs saTanado

baza, arc kaTedra, arc finansuri saxsrebi (es arc „iliaun-baza, arc kaTedra, arc finansuri saxsrebi (es arc „iliaun-

Si“ iyo), ar aris mzaoba da arc neba imisa, rom observatoriam Si“ iyo), ar aris mzaoba da arc neba imisa, rom observatoriam

daibrunos dakarguli funqciebi da avtoriteti.daibrunos dakarguli funqciebi da avtoriteti.

samagierod, e.w. „iliauni“ Zalas da energias ar iSurebs, samagierod, e.w. „iliauni“ Zalas da energias ar iSurebs,

raTa observatoriis teritoriaze ganTavsebuli sastumro raTa observatoriis teritoriaze ganTavsebuli sastumro

daangrios da iqidan gaitanos yvelaferi, dawyebuli avejidan daangrios da iqidan gaitanos yvelaferi, dawyebuli avejidan

da damTavrebuli naTuris CaTvliT, rasac miaRwia kidec. jer da damTavrebuli naTuris CaTvliT, rasac miaRwia kidec. jer

kidev evgeni xaraZis sicocxleSi observatoriaSi fexi moi-kidev evgeni xaraZis sicocxleSi observatoriaSi fexi moi-

kides sxva mimarTulebis fizikosebma (geofizika, Teoriuli kides sxva mimarTulebis fizikosebma (geofizika, Teoriuli

fizika), romlebmac garkveuli uaryofiTi gavlena iqonies fizika), romlebmac garkveuli uaryofiTi gavlena iqonies

observatoriis Semdgom ganviTarebaze, rac dRemde grZel-observatoriis Semdgom ganviTarebaze, rac dRemde grZel-

deba da rac CrdilSi ayenebs dargis wamyvani specialiste-deba da rac CrdilSi ayenebs dargis wamyvani specialiste-

bis samecniero kvlevas; arada, observatoriaSi wamyvan Zalas bis samecniero kvlevas; arada, observatoriaSi wamyvan Zalas

unda warmoadgendes astronomebi, igive astrofizikosebi, unda warmoadgendes astronomebi, igive astrofizikosebi,

romelTac aqvT gamocdileba da praqtikuli codna. romelTac aqvT gamocdileba da praqtikuli codna.

abasTumnis astrofizikuri observatoriis teritoriaze abasTumnis astrofizikuri observatoriis teritoriaze

mdebare sastumro am droisTvis carielia. sastumroSi mx-mdebare sastumro am droisTvis carielia. sastumroSi mx-

olod sakonferencio darbazi funqcionirebs, Tumca aq Sex-olod sakonferencio darbazi funqcionirebs, Tumca aq Sex-

vedrebis Catarebis msurvelebma Ramis gasaTevi da sasadilo vedrebis Catarebis msurvelebma Ramis gasaTevi da sasadilo

adgili sxvagan unda moZebnon. sastumros yofili adminis-adgili sxvagan unda moZebnon. sastumros yofili adminis-

tratori acxadebs, rom aveji, romelic SenobaSi iyo gan-tratori acxadebs, rom aveji, romelic SenobaSi iyo gan-

Tavsebuli, ilias universitets ekuTvnoda da misi gankarg-Tavsebuli, ilias universitets ekuTvnoda da misi gankarg-

vis sruli ufleba hqonda. Tamaz barbliSvilis ganmartebiT, vis sruli ufleba hqonda. Tamaz barbliSvilis ganmartebiT,

77abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisisastumro mas Semdeg daicala, rac gairkva, rom ilias uni-sastumro mas Semdeg daicala, rac gairkva, rom ilias uni-

versitets sastumros marTvis ufleba CamoerTva. aRniSnuli versitets sastumros marTvis ufleba CamoerTva. aRniSnuli

sastumro abasTumanSi 2009 wlidan funqcionirebs. ekonomi-sastumro abasTumanSi 2009 wlidan funqcionirebs. ekonomi-

kis saministros 2013 wlis gadawyvetilebiT, saganmanaTle-kis saministros 2013 wlis gadawyvetilebiT, saganmanaTle-

blo organizacias biznesis warmoeba ekrZaleba, ris gamoc blo organizacias biznesis warmoeba ekrZaleba, ris gamoc

sastumro ilias universitets aRar eqvemdebareba. misi dax-sastumro ilias universitets aRar eqvemdebareba. misi dax-

urvis Semdeg momsaxure personali samsaxuris gareSe darCa. urvis Semdeg momsaxure personali samsaxuris gareSe darCa.

observatoriis TanamSromlebi acxadeben, rom Tanamdebobebze observatoriis TanamSromlebi acxadeben, rom Tanamdebobebze

darCenilebma anazRaureba SeumcirdaT. garda amisa, mecnier-darCenilebma anazRaureba SeumcirdaT. garda amisa, mecnier-

TanamSromlebi mimdebare teritoriaze arsebuli nagebobebis TanamSromlebi mimdebare teritoriaze arsebuli nagebobebis

mdgomareobazec saubroben. sadac evgeni xaraZisa da misi mdgomareobazec saubroben. sadac evgeni xaraZisa da misi

moadgilis kabinetebi iyo ganTavsebuli, avariulia. dRiTi-moadgilis kabinetebi iyo ganTavsebuli, avariulia. dRiTi-

dRe ziandeba teleskopebi da Senobebi, acxadebs abasTumnis dRe ziandeba teleskopebi da Senobebi, acxadebs abasTumnis

observatoriis TanamSromeli eldar goderiZe.observatoriis TanamSromeli eldar goderiZe.2424

es masala zustad asaxavs observatoriis dRevandel viTa-es masala zustad asaxavs observatoriis dRevandel viTa-

rebas, rac udavod samwuxaro da sagangaSoa. Cvens maspinZel rebas, rac udavod samwuxaro da sagangaSoa. Cvens maspinZel

mecniers SekiTxviT mivmarTeT: „axalgazrdebi Tu modian mecniers SekiTxviT mivmarTeT: „axalgazrdebi Tu modian

an Tu interesdebian astronomiiT“, razec gvipasuxa: „ara, an Tu interesdebian astronomiiT“, razec gvipasuxa: „ara,

radgan ilias universitetSi am mimarTulebiT aravin muS-radgan ilias universitetSi am mimarTulebiT aravin muS-

aobs da Sesabamisad ar arsebobs saamiso mzaoba, rac nel-ne-aobs da Sesabamisad ar arsebobs saamiso mzaoba, rac nel-ne-

la gvaSorebs am unikalur dargs da 10 weliwadSi pultis la gvaSorebs am unikalur dargs da 10 weliwadSi pultis

mmarTveli specialistic ki aRar gveyoleba.“Tavad mecnieri mmarTveli specialistic ki aRar gveyoleba.“Tavad mecnieri

ss „qarTus“ finansuri mxardaWeriT araerTxel imyofeboda ss „qarTus“ finansuri mxardaWeriT araerTxel imyofeboda

samecniero mivlinebaSi da dRes imeds gamoTqvams, rom saqa-samecniero mivlinebaSi da dRes imeds gamoTqvams, rom saqa-

rTvelos mTavroba, axali premieri irakli RaribaSvili da rTvelos mTavroba, axali premieri irakli RaribaSvili da

samoqalaqo seqtorSi gadasuli batoni biZina ivaniSvili us-samoqalaqo seqtorSi gadasuli batoni biZina ivaniSvili us-

aTuod dainteresdebian observatoriis bediTa da momavliT.aTuod dainteresdebian observatoriis bediTa da momavliT.

abasTumnis astrofizikis observatoria TandaTan ingreva, abasTumnis astrofizikis observatoria TandaTan ingreva,

magram arian adamianebi, romlebic sicocxlis da Tavganwir-magram arian adamianebi, romlebic sicocxlis da Tavganwir-

vis fasad icavdnen da dRemde icaven 80 wlis istoriis mqone vis fasad icavdnen da dRemde icaven 80 wlis istoriis mqone

msoflio mniSvnelobis udides samecniero centrs, sadac sax-msoflio mniSvnelobis udides samecniero centrs, sadac sax-

elovan mecnierTa moRvaweobis kvali dRemde ar waSlila da elovan mecnierTa moRvaweobis kvali dRemde ar waSlila da

iqneb kidec gamarTldes Cveni maspinZlis imedebi observato-iqneb kidec gamarTldes Cveni maspinZlis imedebi observato-

riis dafinansebis da kvlav ssip daregistrirebis Sesaxeb.riis dafinansebis da kvlav ssip daregistrirebis Sesaxeb.

rac Seexeba zogadad daba abasTumans.rac Seexeba zogadad daba abasTumans.

daba abasTumnis teritoriuli organos rwmunebulis daba abasTumnis teritoriuli organos rwmunebulis

24 radio Tavisufleba, regionaluri macne, 2013 wlis 30 ivlisi.

78 mamuka cuxiSviliTanaSemwis, qalbaton elene balaxaSvilis informaciiT, TanaSemwis, qalbaton elene balaxaSvilis informaciiT,

„2004 wlis 1 ianvris monacemebiT daba abasTumanSi cxovrob-„2004 wlis 1 ianvris monacemebiT daba abasTumanSi cxovrob-

da (mkvidri, adgilobrivi, mudmivi macxovrebeli) 2153 suli da (mkvidri, adgilobrivi, mudmivi macxovrebeli) 2153 suli

/ 735 ojaxi, xolo dRevandeli monacemebiT cxovrobs 1200 / 735 ojaxi, xolo dRevandeli monacemebiT cxovrobs 1200

suli / 495 ojaxi.“ suli / 495 ojaxi.“

gardacvalebis xSiri faqtebi ganapirobebs mosaxleobis gardacvalebis xSiri faqtebi ganapirobebs mosaxleobis

sagrZnob klebas, rac erT-erTi mizezia dabis, rogorc ad-sagrZnob klebas, rac erT-erTi mizezia dabis, rogorc ad-

ministraciuli centris, funqciebis nawilobrivi moSlisa ministraciuli centris, funqciebis nawilobrivi moSlisa

da dakargvisa. dangreulia saukunovani saxlebi, moSlilia da dakargvisa. dangreulia saukunovani saxlebi, moSlilia

infrastruqtura, wyalsakanalizacio gayvanilobebi, dabi-infrastruqtura, wyalsakanalizacio gayvanilobebi, dabi-

nZurebulia mdinare ocxe, aseve dangreulia ulamazesi sam-nZurebulia mdinare ocxe, aseve dangreulia ulamazesi sam-

kurnalo dawesebulebebi, daixura samSobiaro saxli, sam-kurnalo dawesebulebebi, daixura samSobiaro saxli, sam-

kurnalo wylebis abazanebi da mTavari rezervuari. nel-nela kurnalo wylebis abazanebi da mTavari rezervuari. nel-nela

iCexeba unikaluri jiSis fiWvi, romelic abasTumnis havas ga-iCexeba unikaluri jiSis fiWvi, romelic abasTumnis havas ga-

napirobebs da romelic dabis savizito baraTia.napirobebs da romelic dabis savizito baraTia.

macxovrebelTa TiTqmis umravlesoba dausaqmebelia. da-macxovrebelTa TiTqmis umravlesoba dausaqmebelia. da-

bas ar aqvs ambulatoria. aseve, aRsadgenia ufliswul gior-bas ar aqvs ambulatoria. aseve, aRsadgenia ufliswul gior-

gis zamTris rezidencia, sadac amJamad ganTavsebulia wmida gis zamTris rezidencia, sadac amJamad ganTavsebulia wmida

panteleimon mkurnalis saxelobis dedaTa monasteri (winamZ-panteleimon mkurnalis saxelobis dedaTa monasteri (winamZ-

Rvari monazoni barbare grigalaSvili), romlis didi nawili Rvari monazoni barbare grigalaSvili), romlis didi nawili

2008 wlis 12 marts daiwva. 2008 wlis 12 marts daiwva.

aRar arsebobs ufliswul giorgis tragikuli gardacva-aRar arsebobs ufliswul giorgis tragikuli gardacva-

lebis adgilze aRmarTuli monumenti, sadac wlebis ganmav-lebis adgilze aRmarTuli monumenti, sadac wlebis ganmav-

lobaSi parakliss ixdidnen sasuliero pirebi (dRes iq mx-lobaSi parakliss ixdidnen sasuliero pirebi (dRes iq mx-

olod momcro zomis jvari dgas).olod momcro zomis jvari dgas).

abasTumnelebi elian ukeTes momavals, magram am lodinSi abasTumnelebi elian ukeTes momavals, magram am lodinSi

nel-nela garbis wlebi, axalgazrobisagan daclilia daba, nel-nela garbis wlebi, axalgazrobisagan daclilia daba,

xolo vinc jer kidev iq cxovrobs, yvela warsuls mistiris, xolo vinc jer kidev iq cxovrobs, yvela warsuls mistiris,

yvela lamazsa da ganaxlebul abasTumanze ocnebobs. yvela lamazsa da ganaxlebul abasTumanze ocnebobs.

am werilis mizani mxolod erTia _ mkiTxvelsa da farTo am werilis mizani mxolod erTia _ mkiTxvelsa da farTo

sazogadoebas Seaxsenos abasTumnis istoria, misi warsuli da sazogadoebas Seaxsenos abasTumnis istoria, misi warsuli da

dRevandeloba, aseve xelisuflebamde mivitanoT is proble-dRevandeloba, aseve xelisuflebamde mivitanoT is proble-

mebi, romelTa dauyovnebliv gadaWra aucileblobidan gamom-mebi, romelTa dauyovnebliv gadaWra aucileblobidan gamom-

dinareobs, raTa aRdges da ganaxldes daba, raTa bolomde ar dinareobs, raTa aRdges da ganaxldes daba, raTa bolomde ar

ganadgurdes observatoria, tubsawinaaRmdego saavadmyofo ganadgurdes observatoria, tubsawinaaRmdego saavadmyofo

da ar daicalos abasTumani mosaxleobisagan.da ar daicalos abasTumani mosaxleobisagan.

Cven xelTa gvaqvs mniSvnelovani dokumenti, koalicia Cven xelTa gvaqvs mniSvnelovani dokumenti, koalicia

79abasTumani _ samkurnalo oazisi„qarTuli ocnebis“ lideris, biZina ivaniSvilis gancxadeba: „qarTuli ocnebis“ lideris, biZina ivaniSvilis gancxadeba:

„tyeebi iWreba da Tu droze ar miviRebT gadamWrel zomebs, „tyeebi iWreba da Tu droze ar miviRebT gadamWrel zomebs,

abasTumani da observatoria aRar iarsebebs. abasTumani da observatoria aRar iarsebebs. me gpirdebiT, me gpirdebiT,

rom Cven gansakuTrebulad vizrunebT abasTumanzerom Cven gansakuTrebulad vizrunebT abasTumanze, aseve bor-, aseve bor-

jomze da yvela sxva kuTxeze. XXI saukuneSi veRar vuvliT jomze da yvela sxva kuTxeze. XXI saukuneSi veRar vuvliT

Cvens simdidreebs. Cven yvelgan aRvadgenT samarTlioanobas Cvens simdidreebs. Cven yvelgan aRvadgenT samarTlioanobas

da es Cveni mTavari danapirebia. nabij-nabij yvela satkivars da es Cveni mTavari danapirebia. nabij-nabij yvela satkivars

mivxedavT“ (mivxedavT“ (internet.ge,internet.ge, 5.09.2012). 5.09.2012).

dabolos, gvwams da imeds gamovTqvamT, rom nel-nela dai-dabolos, gvwams da imeds gamovTqvamT, rom nel-nela dai-

wyeba aRmSenebloba abasTumanSi, ise rogorc mTels saqarT-wyeba aRmSenebloba abasTumanSi, ise rogorc mTels saqarT-

veloSi da Cveni am naSromiT mokrZalebul wvlils SevitanT veloSi da Cveni am naSromiT mokrZalebul wvlils SevitanT

misi momavlis gadarCenisa da ayvavebis saqmeSi.misi momavlis gadarCenisa da ayvavebis saqmeSi.

saqarTvelos prezidenti, premier-ministri da parlamen-saqarTvelos prezidenti, premier-ministri da parlamen-

ti, jandacvisa da ganaTlebis saministroebi, soflis meurne-ti, jandacvisa da ganaTlebis saministroebi, soflis meurne-

obisa da garemos dacvis struqturebi, mecnierebaTa erovnu-obisa da garemos dacvis struqturebi, mecnierebaTa erovnu-

li akademia, arasamTavrobo organizaciebi da saqarTvelos li akademia, arasamTavrobo organizaciebi da saqarTvelos

sapatriarqo dauyovnebliv unda dainteresdnen im umZimesi sapatriarqo dauyovnebliv unda dainteresdnen im umZimesi

viTarebiTa da mdgomareobiT, rac daba abasTumanSi sufevs. viTarebiTa da mdgomareobiT, rac daba abasTumanSi sufevs.

yvelaze optimaluri gamosavali aris adgilze, mosaxleobas-yvelaze optimaluri gamosavali aris adgilze, mosaxleobas-

Tan SexvedrebiT, samecniero da samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa Tan SexvedrebiT, samecniero da samkurnalo dawesebulebaTa

TanamSromlebis monawileobiT, detalurad Seswavlil iqnes TanamSromlebis monawileobiT, detalurad Seswavlil iqnes

dasaxelebuli problemebi da erToblivi ZalisxmeviT vixs-dasaxelebuli problemebi da erToblivi ZalisxmeviT vixs-

naT daba abasTumani, raTa arasodes Caesvenos mze samkurnalo, naT daba abasTumani, raTa arasodes Caesvenos mze samkurnalo,

samecniero da istoriuli oazisisa, romelmac daamtkica, rom samecniero da istoriuli oazisisa, romelmac daamtkica, rom

xelewifeba im mZvinvare sneulebaze gamarjveba, romelsac hi-xelewifeba im mZvinvare sneulebaze gamarjveba, romelsac hi-

pokratem `Wleqi~ uwoda.pokratem `Wleqi~ uwoda.