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Kvw`qvbx gZev` (ch©v‡jvPbv I we‡k−lY)

(evsjv) حتليل ومناقشة :القادينية

)اللغة البنغالية(

†jLK: Gnmvb Bjvnx Rnxi إحسان إهلي ظهري:تأليف

Abyev`: gynv¤§v` iKxeyÏxb ûmvBb رقيب الدين حسني حممد :ترمجة

Bmjvg cÖPvi ey ‡iv, iveIqvn, wiqv`

عوة وتوعية اجلاليات بالربوة بمدينة الرياضاملكتب التعاوين للد

1429 – 2008

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f~wgKv wesk kZvãx‡Z Kv‡di mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i Bw½Z I loh‡š¿ ywU N„Y¨ `j m„wó nq| G‡`i D‡Ïk¨ nj, gymjgvbMY‡K Zv‡`i †Kejv I KvÕev Ges Zv‡`i cÖvYwcÖq I AvZ¥vi Avevm¯’j g°v gyKviivgv I gw`bv gybvIqviv †_‡K wdwi‡q †`Iqv Ges Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i Avevmf~wg I ^‡`‡k Ave× ivLv| hv‡Z, †mB my`„p m¤úK© wQbœ-wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq, †h m¤úK© c„w_exi c~e© cÖvš— †_‡K cwðg cÖvš— Ges DËi cÖvš— †_‡K `w¶Y cÖvš— ch©š— †KvwU †KvwU gvbyl‡K MÖw_Z K‡i †i‡L‡Q| †h m¤ú‡K©i Kvi‡Y bxj b‡`i DcZ¨Kvq emevmiZ †jv‡Ki Dci †Kvb wec` cwZZ n‡j mgi-K›` I †evLvivi Awaevmxiv e¨w_Z n‡q c‡o Ges wngvjq DcZ¨Kv I Kvk¥x‡ii cvnvwo GjvKvi Awaevmx‡`i Rb¨ wnRvR cÖvš— I bR& gi“f~wgi Awaevmxiv D‡ËwRZ n‡q D‡V| G `yÕwUi GKwU nj, Kvw`qvbx `j, 1 hviv fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k mvgªvR¨ev‡`i G‡R›U Ges wØZxqwU nj evnvqxqv `j| GB cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨B cÖwZôv Kiv nq Kvw`qvbx `j Ges Giv Bmjvg I gymjgvb‡`i †mB me kΓi QvqvZ‡j jvwjZ cvwjZ nq hviv, D¤§‡Z gynv¤§vw`qvi Dci wec`vc` cwZZ nIqvi Avkvq me©`v A‡c¶vq _v‡K, ZvivB G‡`i‡K ab m¤ú` I Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY w`‡q mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z _v‡K| mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i c¶ †_‡K G `jwU‡K weivU A‡¼i A_© m¤ú`, D”P ch©v‡qi e„wË, eo eo c` I we‡kl we‡kl my‡hvM myweav cÖ vb Kiv nq| Avi, wn› y m¤úÖ v‡qi c¶ †_‡K †gŠwLK I †jLbxi gva¨‡g G‡`i cÖwZi¶vi †Póv Pvjvb nq| †Zgwb fv‡e Bû`x m¤úÖ vq KvíwbK n‡jI bvbvwea `jxj Ges k~b¨ n‡jI

2 Avwd«Kv mn Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k Kvw`qvbxiv ÔAvngvw`qvÕ bv‡g wb‡R‡`i cwiPq `v‡bi gva¨‡g gymjgvb‡`i cÖZviYv I å‡g †djvi cÖ‡Póv K‡i| cÖK…Z c‡¶, Zv‡`i mv‡_ ivmyj mvt huvi bvg Avngv`I wQj- Gi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| Zv‡`i fÊbwei bvg nj †Mvjvg Avngv` Kvw`qvbx| cvK-fvi‡Z Giv Kvw`qvbx bv‡gB cwiwPZ|

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wewfbœ K…wÎg Znwej Øviv Zv‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z _v‡K| mvgªvR¨ev`xiv GLbI G `jwU‡K BmivB‡j cÖwZwôZ Kvw`qvbx †K› ª I Avwd«Kvq cÖwZwôZ Gi wewfbœ †K› ª mg~‡ni gva¨‡g mvnvh¨ K‡i Pj‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨KwU `j G gZev` cÖPvi Kivi Rb¨ P~ovš— kw³-mvg_©¨ e¨q Ki‡Q| Gi GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨ nj gymjgvbMY‡K gyRvwn‡` AvRg gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K `~‡i mwi‡q ivLv| Zuvi B‡š—Kv‡ji †PŠÏ kZ eQi ci AvRI Zuvi bvg ïb‡j Kv‡di‡`i Aš—i f‡q cwic~Y© n‡q hvq Ges Zv‡`i ¯‹Ü _i_i K‡i Kuvc‡Z ïi“ K‡i| GLbI Zuvi D¤§Z we‡Øl cÖeY kΓ‡`i Mj‡`‡k KuvUv ^iƒc euv‡a Av‡Q| Zv‡`i mRvM nIqvi Kíbv gvÎ bvw¯—K I gykwiK‡`i‡K Zv‡`i wekÖvgvMvi †_‡K Kuvwc‡q †Zv‡j| Zviv fvj K‡i Rv‡b †h, gnvb †bZv gynv¤§` Avj-Avgxb mvt Gi Rxeš— I g„Z‡`i g‡a¨ cÖvY mÂviKvix wk¶v¸‡jv gy‡Q bv †djv ch©š— Zv‡`i Rxe‡b kvwš— Avm‡e bv; A_ev, G wk¶v‡K Ggb fv‡e cwieZ©b I weK…Z K‡i w`‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z Gi Rxebx kw³ `~i n‡q hvq Ges wb‡¯—R n‡q c‡o| Zviv g‡b K‡i †h, G D‡Ïk¨ mdj n‡Z cv‡i G ai‡bi Av‡›`vjb I `vIqvZ‡K mg_©b KiviB gva¨‡g| GB‡Zv †mB wewkó wn› y †jLK W: k¼i `v‡mi GKwU fvl‡Y Gi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq| wZwb wn› y m¤úÖ vq‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i e‡jb: ÒAvgv‡`i †`k eZ©gv‡b †h ¸i“Z¡c~Y© cÖ‡kœi m¤§yLxb Zv nj GB, Kxfv‡e Avgiv gymjgvb‡`i Aš—‡i RvZxqZvev‡`i † −vMvb m„wó Ki‡Z cvwi?Ó Avgiv Zv‡`i mv‡_ mKj cÖKvi cÖ‡Póvi D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡iwQ| Zv‡`i mv‡_ wewfbœ cÖKvi Pzw³ I Aw½Kv‡i Ave× n‡qwQ, Z_vwc fvi‡Zi gymjgvb‡`i Dci Gi †Kvb cÖfve c‡owb| GLbI Zviv Kíbv K‡i †h, Zviv GKwU ¯vaxb RvwZ Ges Zviv Avi‡ei Mvb Mvq| m¤¢e n‡j Zviv fviZ‡K Avi‡ei GKwU As‡k cwiYZ K‡i w`Z|

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ˆbiv‡k¨i G Mfxi AÜKv‡ii g‡a¨ †`k †cÖwgK I wn›`y RvZxqZvev`xiv ïay GKwUgvÎ w`K n‡Z Av‡jvi wQUv †`L‡Q; Zv nj Kvw`qvbx m¤úÖ vq| hZ †ewk gymjgvb Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i w`K Suz‡K co‡e, Zviv g°vi cwie‡Z© Kvw`qvb‡K Zv‡`i wKejv I Kvev Kíbv Ki‡e| Avi, Gfv‡eB Zviv fviZxq RvZxqZvev‡`i wbKUeZ©x n‡q Avm‡e| Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i DbœwZ e¨wZ‡i‡K Aviex mf¨Zv I Bmjvgx RvZxqZvev‡`i †PZbv‡K ~ixf~Z m¤¢e bq| fviZxq RvZxqZvev‡`i „wó‡KvY †_‡K welqwU‡K Avgv‡`i we‡ePbv Kiv DwPZ| †m g‡Z fvi‡Zi cvÄve GjvKv †_‡K GKwU †jvK Avwef©~Z nq Ges gymjgvbMY‡K Zvi AbymiY Ki‡Z AvnŸvb Rvbvq| †h Zvi AbymiY Ki‡e †m GKKv‡j ïay gymjgvb _vKvi ci GLb Kvw`qvbx gymwjg wnmv‡e cwiMwYZ n‡e Ges wek¦vm Ki‡e †h:- 1- wbðqB Avj−vn gvbe RvZxi †n`v‡qZ I c_ cÖ`k©‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ hy‡M hy‡M ivm~j †cÖiY K‡ib| 2- Avie RvZxi AebwZi hy‡M gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †K ivm~jiƒ‡c Zv‡`i Kv‡Q †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| 3- gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi ci Avj−vn Zvqvjv Aci bexi cÖ‡qvRb †eva K‡ib| ZvB, wZwb wgR©v †Mvjvg Avngv` Kvw`qvbx‡K ivm~jiƒ‡c †cÖiY K‡ib| m¤¢eZ: Avgvi ^RvwZ fvB‡qiv cÖkœ Ki‡eb †h, Zvi G ag© wek¦vm Avgv‡`i wK

DcKv‡i Avm‡e? Dˇi Avwg eje- †hgb GKRb wn›`y hw` gymjgvb n‡q hvq, Z‡e ivg, K…ò, †e`, MxZv I ivgvqY †_‡K Zvi fv‡jvevmv KziAvb I Avi‡ei cÖwZ P‡j hvq, Z`ª“c GKRb gymjgvb hw` Kvw`qvbx n‡q hvq Zv n‡j Zvi `„wó‡KvY cwieZ©b n‡q co‡e Ges gynv¤§` mv: Gi cÖwZ Zvi fv‡jvevmv K‡g hv‡e| Avi, Zvi wLjvd‡Zi †K› ª Avie DcØxc I ZzwK© ’vb †_‡K Kvw`qv‡bi w`‡K cwiewZ©Z n‡q co‡e Ges

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cÖvPxb GK cweÎ ¯’vb nIqv Qvov g°vi Avi †Kvb ¸i“Z¡ Zvi Kv‡Q _vK‡e bv| cÖ‡Z¨KwU Kvw`qvbx †m †hLv‡bB _vKzK bv †Kb, PvB Avie, ZzwK© ’vb, Bivb A_ev c„w_exi †h †Kvb A‡j Ae ’vb Ki“K, me©`vB Zvi fv‡jvevmv I kÖ×v Kvw`qvb Awfgy‡L n‡e Ges Kvw`qvb Zvi gyw³i †K› ª ’j n‡e| Avi G‡ZB fviZ‡K cweÎ g‡b Kivi inm¨ wbwnZ| cÖ‡Z¨KwU Kvw`qvbx fviZ‡K cweÎ g‡b Ki‡e| †Kbbv Kvw`qvb fvi‡Z Aew ’Z Ges †Mvjvg Avngv`I fviZxq| Zvi LjxdvMY I cÖwZwbwaMY mK‡jB fviZxq| G Kvi‡YB ag©vÜ gymjgvbMY Kvw`qvbx gZev`‡K m‡›`‡ni †Pv‡L †`‡L| †Kbbv, Zv‡`i aviYv †h, Kvw`qvbx gZev` Avie mf¨Zv I cÖK…Z Bmjv‡gi kΓ| G Rb¨B †LjvdZ Av‡›`vj‡b1 Kvw`qvbxiv gymjgvb‡`i mg_©b K‡iwb| KviY, Zviv Avie I Zzi‡¯‹i cwie‡Z© Kvw`qv‡bB †LjvdZ cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z Pvq| Avi GUvB mvaviY gymjgvb‡`i Dci, hviv Bmjvgx cybi“Ìv‡bi ^cœ †`‡L, GKUv eo AvNvZ| Aci c‡¶ fviZxq RvZxqZvev‡`i Rb¨ Avb‡›`i welq| (W: k¼i `vm we, Gm, wm; Gg, we, we, Gm Gi cÖeÜ hv wn› y‡`i cwÎKv Òe‡›` gvZi‡gÓ wjwLZ Ges 22 GwcÖj 1932 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ|) cÖKvk _v‡K †h, hLb Bmjvg I †imvjv‡Z gynv¤§v`xi Kwe W: gynv¤§` BKevj Kvw`qvbx‡`i wei“‡× cÖeÜ wj‡Lb, hv‡Z wZwb I‡`i wg_¨v I weåvwš—i ¯úó eY©bv †`b, ZLb me© cÖ_g e¨w³ whwb Zvi cÖwZev` K‡ib Ges Kvw`qvbx‡`i c‡¶ cÖwZ‡iva m„wó K‡ib wZwb n‡jb wn› y RvZxqZvev‡`i †bZv RInvi jvj †bni“| wZwb I‡`i mg_©‡b KZK¸‡jv cÖeÜ wjL‡jb| hvi

3 Zzi‡¯‹ DQgvbx †Ljvd‡Zi cZ‡bi mgq fviZxq gymjgvbMY Zxeª cÖwZev‡`i So Zz‡j †Ljvd‡Zi c~bt cÖwZôv `vex K‡i| GB Av‡›`vj‡bi bvg wQj Ô‡LjvdZ Av‡›`vjbÕ| Gi cÖwZ Bw½Z K‡i wn› y wjLK e‡jb †h Kvw`qvbxiv †LjvdZ c~btcÖwZôvi `vex‡Z gymjgvb‡`i mgL©b K‡iwb|

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d‡j Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ljxdv gvngy` Avngv` Kvw`qvbx m¤úÖ`vq‡K RInvi jvj †bni“i cÖwZ msea©bv Ávc‡b DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z wM‡q †NvlYv K‡ib: m¤§vwbZ RInvi jvj †bni“ W: gynv¤§` BKev‡ji H mKj cÖe‡Üi cÖwZev` K‡i‡Qb, †h¸‡jv wZwb G K_v cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ iPbv K‡i‡Qb †h Kv`wqbxMY GKwU ^Zš¿ Kv‡di `j Ges Bmjv‡gi mv‡_ H `‡ji †Kvb m¤úK©

†bB| Gi cÖwZev‡` RInvi jvjB uvwo‡q‡Qb Ges cÖgvY K‡i w`‡q‡Qb †h, Kvw`qvbx‡`i Dci W: BKev‡ji AvcwËmg~n G‡Kev‡iB A‡hŠw³K| myZivs RInvi jvj †bni“‡K Avš—wiKZvi mwnZ msea©bv Ávcb Kiv Kvw`qvbx‡`i KZ©e¨| (Rygqvi LyZev hv Kvw`qvb bM‡i Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv cÖ`vb K‡iwQj| Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj-dR‡j cÖKvwkZ 18B Ryb 1936 L„:) AZci: Bmjv‡gi Kwe †bni“i cvëv Reve †`b Ges Zvi Kvw`qvbx‡`i c¶ Aej¤^‡bi ^iƒc D &NvUb K‡i e‡jb: wbðqB RInvi jvj †bni“ I Zvi RvZxqZvev`x m½x-mv_xiv gymjgvb‡`i cybi“Ìvb I DbœwZ‡Z Aw ’i, †hgb Kvw`qvbxiv H GKB Kvi‡Y Aw¯’i| Zviv Abyfve K‡i †h, G DbœwZ I Av‡›`vjb Zv‡`i g~j cwiKíbv A_©vr Avgv‡`i cÖvYwcÖq gynv¤§‡` Avivex mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi D¤§Z‡K wQbœ wew”Qbœ K‡i fviZxq wg_¨v beyq‡Zi `vwe`v‡ii Rb¨ GKwU DbœZ D¤§Z ˆZwi K‡i †`Iqvi cwiKíbv bm¨vr K‡i †`‡e| G Kvi‡YB RInvi jvj †bni“ Zv‡`i‡K mg_©b K‡ib| b‡Pr I‡`i mv‡_ Zvi wK m¤úK© _vK‡Z cv‡i? ( W: gynv¤§` BKev‡ji Avj-Kvw`qvbxqvn I Avj-Bmjvg bvgK cÖeÜ hv Avj-Bmjvg bvgK Bs‡iwR g¨vMvwR‡b cÖPvwiZ, 22 Rvbyqvwi 1936 L„: cÖKvwkZ|) G ai‡bi Av‡›`vjb hLb M‡o D‡VwQj, ZLb Avkv wQj †h Bmjvg we‡ivax kw³ mg~n Zv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡e| Kvh©Z: Zv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q Ges mg_©bI w`‡q‡Q| GgbwK mvgªvR¨ev`xiv G‡K msMwVZ I kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ †jvKRb‡K Dnvi cÖwZ

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DØy× K‡i| G‡`i AwaKvskB wQj Dcwb‡ekev`x Bs‡iR miKv‡ii †eZb‡fvMx Avgjv I RvqwMi`vi; hv‡`i †Kvb ag© †bB, GKgvÎ miKv‡ii †mev I mš‘wó jvf Qvov G‡`i Avi †Kvb `xb-ag© †bB| beyq‡Zi wg_¨v `vwe`vi †Mvjvg Avngv` wb‡RB GK_v ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q| †m e‡j‡Q †h, Avgvi `‡j hviv cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q Zv‡`i AwaKvsk Bs‡iR miKv‡ii m`m¨ eo eo PvKzwiRxex, ev Zviv G †`‡ki †bZ…¯’vbxq †jvK I e¨emvqx, A_ev Zviv DwKj I Bs‡iwR wk¶v_©x wKsev Zviv Av‡jg dv‡hj hviv AZx‡Z Bs‡iR miKv‡ii †mev K‡i‡Q ev eZ©gv‡bI Ki‡Q Ges Zv‡`i AvZ¥xq ^Rb I eÜz evÜe| †gvUK_v, G `jwU Zvi gyieŸx Bs‡iR

miKvi Øviv MwVZ, Zv‡`i mš‘wó AR©bKvix Ges Zv‡`i cyi¯‹v‡i ab¨| myZivs Avwg Ges Abymvix wkw¶Z mgvR gvby‡li Kv‡Q G miKv‡ii Ae`vb mg~n eY©bv K‡i AvmwQ Ges nvRvi nvRvi †jv‡Ki Aš—‡i Gi AvbyMZ¨ „p KiwQ| (Bs‡iR miKv‡ii cvÄve cÖ‡`‡ki Mfb©‡ii Kv‡Q †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi wPwV ÒZvejx‡M wimvjZÓ bvgK †Mvjv‡gi †NvlYv ejxi Aš—f©y³, 7g LÊ 18 c„:, Kv‡mg Kvw`qvbx KZ©…K msKwjZ) AZGe, hLb †_‡K G `jwU MwVZ nq Ges Dnvi ZrciZv Avi¤¢ nq, ZLb †_‡KB Zviv Bmjvg I gymjgvb‡`i kΓ‡`i eo eo †L`gZ AvÄvg w`‡Z _v‡K| Avwg Øxwb gv ªvmv mg~‡n cvV¨iZ _vKv Kv‡j G Av‡›`vjb m¤ú‡K© †kqLyj Bmjvg QvbvDj−vn Ag„Zmix, †mB hy‡Mi Bgvg †kL gynv¤§` Beªvnxg wkqvj‡KvwU Ges Avgvi kÖ‡×q D¯—v` Avj−vgv gynvwÏm nv‡dR gynv¤§` Rj›`ix cÖgyL Ijvgv‡`i wjwLZ wKZve mg~‡ni gva¨‡g Ávb jvf Kwi| Zvici NUbv nj GB, hLb Avwg I Avgvi wKQy mv_x Avgvi wbR kni wkqv‡Kv‡U Aew ’Z evnvqx‡`i gRwj‡m Ges wLª÷vb‡`i cÖwZôvb mg~‡n Zv‡`i mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv I weZ‡K©i D‡Ï‡k¨ hvZvqvZ KiwQjvg, ZLb Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i wKQy †jvK Avgvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i Ges Avgv‡K Zv‡`i

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gyev‡j−‡Mi mwnZ Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Rvbvq| †h‡nZz G ai‡bi Av‡jvPbvi cÖwZ Avgvi AwZ AvMÖn I g‡bv‡hvM wQj| ZvB Avwg BZ¯—. bv K‡i ïay GKwU gvÎ k‡Z© Zv‡`i AvnŸvb MÖnY Kijvg| kZ©wU nj, Zviv Avgv‡K †Mvjvg Avng‡`i cy¯—K mg~n avi †`‡e| Zviv Avgv‡K cuvPwU eB avi w`j| G ¸‡jvi bvg Avgvi GLbI ¯§iY Av‡Q| Zv nj: 1- AvbRv‡g AvwQg 2- GRvjvZzj AvInvg 3- yi‡i Qvgxb 4- nvKxKvZzj Inx Ges 5- Qvwdbv‡q b~n| cÖ_g I Z…Zxq eB ywU‡Z weiw³Ki I A_©nxb welq _vKv m‡Ë¡I Avwg GKB iv‡Z

c‡o wbjvg| Gfv‡e Avwg Aewkó eB¸wj yB ev wZb w`‡bi g‡a¨ c‡o †kl K‡i wbjvg| cÖwZkÖ“Z wbw ©ó w`‡b Avgiv K‡qKRb mv_x GKwÎZ n‡q Kvw`qvbx‡`i gmwR‡` Mgb Kijvg| †mLv‡b ZvivI Avgv‡`i A‡c¶vq wQj| Aí wKQy K_v evZ©vi ci Avgiv Av‡jvPbvi welqe ‘ wVK K‡i wbjvg: Ò†Mvjvg Avng‡`i fwel¨ØvYxmg~n|Ó †Kbbv, †Mvjvg Zvi fwel¨ØvYx ¸‡jv‡K Zvi beyq‡Zi gvcKvwV iƒ‡c wba©viY K‡iwQj| ZvB Avwg Avãyj −vn AvwQ‡gi g„Zz m¤ú‡K© †Mvjvg Avngv‡`i fwel¨ØvYxi K_v cÖ_‡g Zz‡j aijvg| †Mvjvg e‡jwQj †h, †m c‡b‡iv gv‡mi †kl w`‡K gviv hv‡e| Avi, Avwg cÖgvY K‡i w`jvg †h, †m Zvi Rb¨ wba©viYK…Z mg‡q gviv hvqwb| myZivs †Zvgv‡`i wg_¨v bexi beyq¨Z cÖgvwYZ nqwb| AZGe †m Zvi beyq‡Zi `vwe‡Z mZ¨ev`x bq| †Kbbv, bwei fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—evwqZ nIqv Acwinvh©|1 ZLb Avwg †`L‡Z cvB †h, Kvw`qvbx gyev‡j −‡Mi gyL †_‡K †dbv †ei nIqvi ci †m d¨vKv‡k n‡q c‡o‡Q| †m DËi †`Iqvi †Póv KiwQj wKš‘ G cÖej cÖgvYvw`i DËi †`qv Zvi c‡¶ m¤¢e nqwb| Ae‡k‡l †m G K_v ej‡Z eva¨ nj †h, Avwg weZ‡K© cvi`k©x bB| Z‡e,

4 ÒfÊbex Kvw`qvbx I Zvi fwel¨ØvYx mg~nÓ bvgK cÖe‡Ü GB m¤ú‡K© Avwg we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ|

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ÔiveIqvÕ 1 †_‡K weZK©Kvix GKRb Kvw`qvbx Av‡jg Avm‡e| ZLb Avgiv Avcbv‡`i‡K Zvi mv‡_ evnvQ Kivi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Kie| Avgiv weRqx n‡q Zv‡`i ILvb †_‡K wdijvg Ges Zv‡`i KvQ †_‡K Kvw`qvbx‡`i AviI KZK¸‡jv eB avi ^iƒc wb‡q Avmjvg| Gfv‡eB, Avwg †Kvb cÖKvi gva¨g QvovB G ag© m¤ú‡K© cov‡kvbv Avi¤¢ Kijvg| Gici †_‡K Avwg Ges Avgvi eÜz evÜeiv evnvqx‡`i gvnwdj, wLª÷vb‡`i cÖwZôvb I Kvw`qvbx‡`i †K› ªmg~‡n AviI †ewk K‡i hvZvqvZ ïi“ Kijvg| Ae‡k‡l, Avwg Zv‡`i †K› ª ’j iveIqv‡Z Dcw ’Z nB, †hLv‡b Kvw`qvbxiv I Zv‡`i weZK©Kvixiv Ro nq| Zv‡`i LjxdvI †mLv‡b evm K‡i| Zv‡`i mv‡_ A‡bK ZK©-weZK© P‡j, Avj nvg y wjj−vn djvdj cÖ_g Av‡jvPbvi wecixZ nq wb |( A_©vr AvgivB weRqx nB) AZtci, Avwg Kvw`qvbx gZev` m¤ú‡K© cvwK¯—v‡bi D ©y g¨vMvwR‡b KZK¸‡jv cÖeÜ wjwL| hLb Avwg gw`bv gybvIqviv Bmjvgx wek¦we`¨vj‡q Dcw ’Z nIqvi my‡hvM jvf Kwi Ges gymwjg we‡k¦i cÖwZwbwa wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ I Aa¨vcKM‡Yi mv‡_ wgwjZ nB, Ges evBZzj −vn kix‡d I gmwR‡` beex‡Z AvMZ nvRxM‡Yi mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡i Zv‡`i †`‡k Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i ZrciZv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvwi, ZLb Avwg Aviex I Ab¨vb¨ fvlvq Kvw`qvbx gZev` m¤ú‡K© cy¯—K †jLvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Abyfve Kwi| GB cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †Kvb †Kvb D —v` †hgb wdK&n kv‡¯¿i Aa¨vcK weÁ †kL AvwZqv gynv¤§` mv‡jg, Aviex fvlvi Aa¨vcK †kL gynv¤§` Beªvnxg kKiv, BwZnv‡mi Aa¨vcK †kL Avãyj nK gvni“Q I Ab¨vb¨iv hLb Rvb‡Z cvi‡jb †h, BwZ c~‡e© Avwg Kvw`qvbx gZev` m¤ú‡K© D ©y fvlvq cy —K wj‡LwQ ZLb Zviv Avgv‡K AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡ mnKv‡i GB e¨vcv‡i DrmvwnZ K‡ib| Avwg

5 ÔiveIqvÕ cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi (eZ©gv‡b cvwK —vb) GKwU ¶z`ª kni| Kvw`qvbxiv GB kni ˆZix K‡i Zv‡`i †K‡› ª cwiYZ K‡i|

10

Avj−vni mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Kwi Ges Kvw`qvbx gZev` m¤ú‡K© ÒKvw`qvbxiv Dcwb‡ekev`x‡`i G‡R›UÓ wk‡ivbv‡g Avgvi cÖ_g cÖeÜwU iPbv Kwi| Avi Avwg GK_v wVK K‡i wbjvg †h, Avwg †Kvb K_vB Dnvi Drm D‡j −L bv K‡i wjLe bv| G cÖeÜwU Avwg `v‡g‡¯‹i weL¨vZ Ònv`vivZzj BmjvgÓ bvgK g¨vMvwR‡b †cÖiY Kwi; hv BwZc~‡e© Avgvi AviI wKQy cÖeÜ cÖKvk K‡iwQj| 1386 wnt m‡b ÒnvRviv‡Z BmjvgxqviÓ Z…Zxq msL¨vq Avgvi G cÖeÜwU cÖKvk nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ eÜz ev܇ei Kv‡Q Zv wecyjfv‡e M„nxZ I mgv`„Z nq| Avgvi mv_x I D¯—v`MY we‡klK‡i, c~‡e©vwj −wLZ Aa¨vcKMY Ges †kL nvexe nv¤§v` Avbmvix Aa¨vcK nv`xm I kixqv wefvM, wewkó †kL Avãyj Kv‡`i mvBevZzj nvg` wek¦we`¨vj‡qi kixqv I Dmy‡j Øxb wefv‡Mi Zvdmxi I wewfbœ wdiKv I ag©ZZ¡ wel‡qi Aa¨vcK Ges wewkó mvwnwZ¨K W: Av`xe mv‡jn, nv`vivZzj Bmjv‡gi cÖavb m¤úv`K I `v‡g¯‹ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Djygyj KziAv‡bi Aa¨vcK cÖgyL e¨w³MY Gfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z Avgv‡K DrmvwnZ K‡ib| d‡j, c~‡e©i b¨vq avivevwnK †jLv Ges D‡j −wLZ g¨vMvwR‡b cÖeÜ cvVv‡bvi wQj-wQjv Pj‡Z _v‡K| D³ g¨vMvwRb I AvMÖ‡ni mv‡_ Zv cÖPv‡ii D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i| Gici cÖeܸ‡jv †k‡l GKÎ K‡i GKwU cyw —Kv AvKv‡i cÖKvk Kiv Avwg mgxPxb g‡b Kijvg| ZvB, Avwg wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii `kwU cÖeÜ msewjZ cy —KwU GLb †ck KiwQ| G‡Z Avwg Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i Rb¥ I Zvi BwZnvm Ges H mKj KviY hv G gZev` MV‡b I Zv‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q, Bmjvg I gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ Gi m¤úK©, Gi g~j AvKx`vmgyn, Gi cÖwZôvZv I beyq‡Zi `vwe`v‡ii BwZnvm, Zvi Rxeb e„Ëvš—, Zvi `vwe mg~n, Avj −vni bex ivm~j, AvDwjqv‡q D¤§Z I mr †jvK‡`i Aegvbbv BZ¨vw`| mv‡_ G fv‡e Avwg Kvw`qvbx‡`i wek¦vmMZ e³e¨

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Ges Zv‡`i wg_¨v bexi ev`x-`vIqv mg~n Zv‡`iB eB cy —K I DׄwZi Øviv we‡k−lY KiwQ| G gZev‡`i AmviZv I Dnvi cÖwZôvZvi `vwe`vIqvi AmZ¨Zv Zv‡`i ¯^xKv‡ivw³ Øviv cÖgvY K‡iwQ| GLv‡b K‡qKwU welq D‡j −L Kiv Avwg cÖ‡qvRb g‡b Kwi: 1- †hLv‡bB Avwg †Kvb e³e¨ D‡j−L K‡i Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv A_ev g¨vMvwR‡bi DׄwZ hv w`‡qwQ, Zv cÖ‡dmvi gynv¤§` BwjqvQ eibxi ÒKvw`qvbx gvRnveÓ bvgK Z_¨c~Y© MÖš’ †_‡K M„nxZ| MÖš’wU mvaviY AmvaviY me †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q cvIqv hvq| Bnv A‡bKevi gyw`ªZ n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ †Kvb Kvw`qvbx Gi Drm ev DׄwZmg~n‡K fyj cÖwZcbœ Kivi mvnm cvqwb| myZivs Gi DׄwZ¸‡jv gymjgvb I Kvw`qvbx mK‡ji Kv‡Q wbf©i‡hvM¨| 2- Avgvi cÖeÜmg~‡n †h mKj wKZve I Dnvi c„ôv D‡j −L K‡iwQ, Zvi AwaKvsk cÖ_g ms¯‹i‡Yi| KviY, Kvw`qvbx‡`i Af¨vm nj hLbB Zviv Zv‡`i wKZv‡ei bZzb ms¯‹iY K‡i, ZLbB Dnvi c„ôv¸‡jv cwieZ©b K‡i †d‡j| Bnv Qvcvi ZviZg¨ †nZz b‡n, eis Bnv Zv‡`i Aš—wb©wnZ D‡Ïk¨ mdj Kivi Rb¨ Zviv K‡i _v‡K| †hgb Avwg ÒKvw`qvbx gZev` I cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni AvKx`vÓ cÖe‡Ü beyq‡Zi wg_¨v Øvex`vi Kvw`qvbx †_‡K DׄwZ w`‡q D‡j−L K‡iwQ †h, Bmv Avt `v¾vj‡K evBZzj gyKvÏv‡mi jya bvgK GK MÖv‡gi dU‡K †c‡q nZ¨v Ki‡eb| G Dw³wU †Mvjv‡gi ÒGRvjvZzj AvInvgÓ bvgK cy¯—‡Ki cÖ_g ms¯‹i‡Y 220 c„ôvq cvIqv hvq| wKš‘ Kvw`qvbxiv Zv wØZxq ms¯‹i‡Yi 91 c„ôvq ’vbvš—wiZ K‡i †d‡j| cv_©K¨ my úó| wg_y K Kvw`qvbx Ag„Z-mi wbevmx kvBLyj Bmjvg QvbvDj −vn‡K Ô†n evZv‡mi cyÎÕ Ô†n cÖZviKÕ e‡jI Mvwj w`‡q‡Q| Avwg G K_vwU ÒBwZnv‡mi gvb`‡Ê Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i bexÓ bvgK cÖe‡Ü eY©bv K‡iwQ| G MvwjwU Avwg Zvi cy —K ÒGRv‡R Avng`xÓ Gi cÖ_g ms¯‹i‡Yi 43 c„ôvq †c‡qwQ, wKš‘ Kvw`qvbxMY Zv wØZxq ms¯‹i‡Yi 77 c„ôvq

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’vbvš—wiZ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| H GKB cÖe‡Ü Avwg D‡j −L K‡iwQ †h, wgR©v †Mvjvg wj‡L‡Q bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †K †KqvgZ m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kiv nj †h, Dnv KLb n‡e? Dˇi wZwb ej‡jb: mKj Av`g mš—v‡bi Dci GKkZ erm‡ii gv_vq †KqvgZ n‡e! Avwg Zvi cy —K ÒGRvjvZzj AvInvgÓ Gi 254 c„ôv †_‡K G K_vi DׄwZ w`‡qwQ| wKš‘ wØZxq ms¯‹i‡Y Zviv G‡K 104 c„ôvq wb‡q †M‡Q| Abyiƒc A‡bK D`vniY i‡q‡Q| Kvw`qvbx‡`i AwaKvsk cy —‡Ki bvg †h ¸‡jvi A_© Aviex fvlvq eySv hvq Zv ^xq Ae ’vq †i‡L w`‡qwQ| wKš‘ wKQy cy —K †h ¸‡jvi A_© Aviex fvlvq †evaMg¨ b‡n, †m ¸‡jv‡K Aviex fvlvq Abyev` K‡i w`‡qwQ| h_v: ÒwKw¯—‡q b~nÓ Bnv †Mvjv‡gi iwPZ cy —K| D ©y fvlvi wKw¯—‡K Aviex‡Z Qvwdbv ejv nq| ZvB †jLvi mgq Avwg ÒQwdbvZz b~nÓ wj‡LwQ| Ggwb fv‡e Zvi Avi GKwU cy —K ÒAvqbv‡q Kvgvjv‡Z BmjvgÓ Avqbv‡K Aviex‡Z ÒwgiAvZzbÓ e‡j| ZvB Avwg Dnv‡K ÒwgiAvZz Kvgvjv‡Z BmjvgÓ wj‡LwQ| Z ª“c †Mvjv‡gi cyÎ gvngy Avngv‡`i ÒAvqbv‡q Q`vKvZÓ †K ÒwgiAvZzQ wQ`KÓ †Mvjv‡gi ÒRs‡M gyKvÏvmÓ†K ÒAvj- nvieyjgyKvÏvmÓ Ges ÒGK MvjZx Kv GRvjvÓ †K ÒGRvjvZzj MvjZvnÓ wj‡LwQ| 3- Avwg G cy —K iPbv Kv‡j gymwjg Ijvgv‡`i eû wKZve †_‡K mvnvh¨ MÖnY K‡iwQ| DׄwZ MÖn‡Yi ZvwjKvq Gi eY©bv Avm‡e| G cÖeÜwU e¨vcK M‡elYvi djvd‡ji Dci cÖwZwôZ Ges `jxj cÖgvY Øviv my „p| Kv‡RB Kvw`qvbxiv Gi wfbœ e¨vL¨v I DËi w`‡Z m¶g nqwb| myZivs cÖeÜwU G `j‡K AmZ¨ cÖgvY Ki‡Z Ges Dnv †h wnsmv cÖm~Z I mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i jvwjZ `j Zv wba©vi‡Y GK AKvU¨ I cÖK…ó `jxj iƒ‡c cwiMwYZ| Avwg GB wKZv‡ei †Kv_vqI Av‡jvPbv I weZ‡K©i bxwZ ewnf©~Z †Kvb K_v bv ejvi cÖwZ j¶ †i‡LwQ Ges wfwËnxb †Kvb `vwei Dci wm×vš— bv †`Iqvi bxwZ Aej¤^b

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K‡iwQ| AZGe, cvVK mg¯— wKZv‡ei g‡a¨ Ggb GKwU welqI cv‡eb bv, hvi DׄwZ Kvw`qvbx‡`i Kv‡Q wbf©i‡hvM¨ Drm n‡Z †`qv nqwb| Ggwb fv‡e †Kvb gvmAvjv ev †Kvb ûKzg `v‡bi †¶‡Î Avwg weï× I mnxn nv`xm e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kvb nv`xm Dc ’vcb Kwiwb| Avj −vni Kv‡QB ZIwdK Kvgbv KiwQ| 4- me KwU cÖeÜ †hfv‡e Avwg wj‡LwQjvg wKZv‡ei g‡a¨ H fv‡eB †i‡L w`‡qwQ| Zv‡Z †Kvb cwieZ©b cwiea©b Kwiwb| ZvB, cvVKe„›` g~j welq e ‘i cwiwPwZi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨KwU cÖe‡Üi c~‡e© msw¶ß f~wgKv †`L‡Z cv‡eb| cÖ_g cÖeÜ Qvov Ab¨ mKj cÖe‡Üi f~wgKv K‡qK jvB‡bi †ewk b‡n| Zvici mKj cÖe܇K Avwg GK GKwU Aa¨v‡qi gZ mvwR‡qwQ| cÖ_g cÖeÜ, cÖ_g Aa¨vq,wØZxq cÖeÜ, wØZxq Aa¨vq, Z…Zxq cÖeÜ, Z…Zxq Aa¨vq, Abyiƒc †kl ch©š— mvwR‡qwQ| `kg Aa¨vq‡K wKZv‡ei cwiwkó K‡iwQ Ges Zv‡K AwaK ¸i“Z¡ w`‡qwQ| †Kbbv, wg_¨v beyq‡Zi Øvex`vi ÒgymvBjvgvZzj Kv¾veÓ †_‡K wb‡q Kvw`qvbx ch©š— mKj `v¾vjB gymjgvb‡`i ÒAvKx`v‡q LZ‡g beyq¨Z I wimvjvZÓ m¤ú‡K© AÁZv‡KB Zv‡`i cuywR evwb‡q‡Q| A_©vr, Avj−vni bex I ivm~j Ògynv¤§` Avm-mvw`Kzj AvwgbÓ Gi Dci beyq¨Z I †imvjvZ †h mgvß n‡q‡Q, Zv m¤ú‡K© AwaKvsk gymjgvb AÁ| (Zuvi Rb¨ Avgvi gvZv-wcZv I Avgvi cÖvY DrmM©|) 5- nq‡Zv †Kn ej‡Z cv‡ib †h, Avwg †Mvjvg Avng` Kw`qvbx I Zvi Abymvix‡`i †ejvq †Kvb cÖKvi Av`e I m¤§vb m~PK kã e¨envi Kwiwb| Bnv Avn‡j nv`x‡mi Af¨v‡mi cwicš’x| †Kbbv, Zviv Zv‡`i wei“×ev`x‡`i cÖwZI m¤§vb cÖ`k©b K‡i _v‡Kb| Dˇi Avwg eje, m¤§vb H mKj †jv‡Ki Rb¨ Rv‡qR ev gy —vnve, eis †¶Î we‡k‡l IqvwR‡ei ch©v‡q MY¨ hviv, ïay gZvgZ I wPš—vavivi wei“×ev`x| wKš‘ H mKj †jvK‡`i Rb¨

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m¤§vb cÖ k©b Kiv Rv‡qR b‡n, hviv Bmjvg ag© †_‡K gyiZv` n‡q †M‡Q Ges Avj−vni bwe ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ †eqv`ex K‡i Ges ivmyjyj−vni IqvRxiMY, Zvi `i`x, mš—vb I mr mvnvexMY‡K Mvwj MvjvR K‡i| Avi, mvB‡q`yj gyimvjx‡bi gh©v`v jv‡fi Ges beyq¨Z I †imvjv‡Zi `vweK‡i| G ai‡bi †jvK‡`i m¤§vb Kiv gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ nvivg| bwe Kwig mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg hLb G ai‡bi †jvK‡`i m‡¤^vab Ki‡Zb ZLb Giƒc Dw³ Øviv m‡¤^vab Ki‡Zb Ògynv¤§ yi imyjyj−vni c¶ †_‡K wg_¨vev`x gymvqjvgvi cÖwZ|Ó Avi ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Rxeb Avgv‡`i Rb¨ DËg Av`k©| KvD‡K Mvwj-MvjvR Kiv †_‡K Avj−vni Kv‡Q AvkÖq cÖv_©bv KiwQ| Avgiv KvD‡K Mvwj †`Bwb, hw`I †m †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi gZ `v¾vj nq| Avgiv bwe Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi †mB evYxi Dci Avgj Kwi Ò †`vlv‡ivc I jvbZKvix LuvwU gywgb bq|Ó (Bgvg wZiwghx G nv`xm eY©bv K‡i‡Qb) GB nj AÎ wKZv‡e mwbœ‡ewkZ cuvPwU e¨wZµg, hv Aa¨qb ïi“ Kivi c~‡e©B cvV‡Ki Kv‡Q Avwg eY©bv K‡i w`‡Z †P‡qwQ| cwi‡k‡l Avwg Bmjvgx msMVb¸‡jvi cÖwZ Ges hv‡`i Kv‡Q Bmjvgx mgm¨vewji ¸i“Z¡ i‡q‡Q, we‡kl K‡i g°v wfwËK iv‡eZv‡q Avj‡g Bmjvgx, KivPx Bmjvgx M‡elYv †evW©, Kvq‡iv, Bmjvgx wek¦we`¨vjq, gw`bv gybvIqviv cÖf„wZ msMVb I wek¦we`¨vjq mg~‡ni cÖwZ AvnŸvb ivLwQ, Zviv †hb G mKj Kv‡di I ag©vš—wiZ †jv‡Ki _vev †_‡K gymjgvbMY‡K D×v‡ii Rb¨ KvR K‡ib, mvaviY fv‡e Avie †`k I Ab¨vb¨ gymwjg we‡k¦ we‡kl K‡i Avwd«Kv I BD‡iv‡c| †hLv‡b Kvw`qvbxiv Bmjvg I gymjgvb‡`i wei“‡× mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i Ges LuvwU ^”Q ag© Bmjv‡gi kΓ‡`i mnvqZvq weivU fqsKi iƒc aviY K‡i‡Q| Bmjv‡gi G mKj kΓ m¤úÖ vq Kvw`qvbx‡`i‡K mKj cÖKv‡i I wewfbœ Dcv‡q Avw_©K I Ab¨vb¨ mvnvh¨ K‡i P‡j‡Q,

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hv‡Z Zviv gymjgvbMY‡K cÖK…Z Bmjvg †_‡K Ges †h m¤§vb I gh©v`v wb‡q Zviv Av‡Qb Zv †_‡K Bmjv‡gi bv‡g †auvKv I cÖZviYvi gva¨‡g `y‡i mwi‡q w`‡Z cv‡i| Gi KviY nj, H me †`‡k LuvwU gymwjg Ijvgvi ^íZv, Zv‡`i c` k~b¨Zv, Avmj Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i nvKxKZ I Zv‡`i Kvh©vejx m¤ú‡K© AwaKvsk gymjgv‡bi AÁZv Ges Avwd«Kv m¤^‡Ü gymwjg we‡k¦i D`vmxbZv| hLb Kvw`qvbxiv Avwd«Kvq cuvPwUiI †ewk D”P gv‡bi g¨vMvwRb gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ weåvwš—, lohš¿ I Kzdix wPš—vaviv cÖPv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ Bmjv‡gi kΓ‡`i mnvqZvq cÖKvk K‡i hv‡”Q, †m †¶‡Î mg — Avwd«Kvq gymjgvb‡`i Ggb GKwU g¨vMvwRb cvIqv hvqwb hv I‡`i gyKv‡ejv I Zv‡`i wek¦vmMZ weåvwš— cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i| Dciš‘, Zviv kZ kZ Kvw`qvbx gyev‡j−M wbhy³ K‡i ivL‡Q, hviv Ab¨vb¨ gnv‡`kmn Avwd«Kvi GK cÖvš— †_‡K Aci cÖvš— Ny‡i †eov‡”Q| †mLv‡b Zviv mvZPwj−kwU we`¨vjq cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q Ges `yB kZ lvUwU gmwR` wbg©vY K‡i‡Q| Zvi mv‡_ i‡q‡Q A‡bK we‡kl we‡kl I mvaviY jvB‡eªwi, eB cy —K cÎ-cwÎKv I wewfbœ fvlvq †Kvivb kixd Abyev‡`i e¨e ’v K‡i‡Q| B`vbxs Zviv wewfbœ †`‡ki wewfbœ GjvKvi A‡bK¸‡jv nvmcvZvj I mgvR Kj¨vY †K› ª ’vcb K‡i‡Q, Zv‡`i †NvlYv Abyhvqx Avwd«Kvq Zv‡`i

Abymvix‡`i msL¨v c‡b‡iv erm‡ii g‡a¨B yB wgwjq‡bi I †ewk n‡q †M‡Q| me‡P‡q Avð‡h©i welq nj weåvš— I weåvš—Kvix G `jwU mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i I Bs‡iR miKv‡ii mKj cÖKvi mvnvh¨ cvIqv m‡Ë¡I Zv‡`iB ivRZ¡Kv‡j fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k †hLv‡b Dnvi †K›`ª Aew¯’Z, ¸wU K‡ZK e¨w³ Qvov KvD‡K Zv‡`i `‡j wfov‡Z cv‡iwb; hviv mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i †Kv‡j `xN© mËzi eQi a‡i jvwjZ cvwjZ n‡q‡Q| G‡`i msL¨v K‡qK nvRv‡ii AwaK b‡n| G‡`i gmwR` K‡qK `k‡KiI †ewk nqwb Ges G‡`i we`¨vj‡qi msL¨v bq Gi †ewk b‡n| GLv‡b G‡`i Ggb Ae¯’v

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n‡q‡Q| Z‡e, cÖ_g e¨w³ A_©vr Kvw`qvbx wQj AwaK cUz I ayiÜi| G Kvi‡YB †m Zvi wnsmv we‡Øl‡K †Mvcb iv‡L| KLbI †m gyRvwÏ` iƒ‡c, Avevi KLbI †g‡nw` iƒ‡c AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i| Gi ci jvc w`‡q †m beyq‡Zi gh©v`vq †cuŠ‡Q wM‡q `vweK‡i emj †h, †m Avj −vni GKRb †cÖwiZ bex, Zvi Kv‡Q Inx Av‡m| wKš‘ †m ¯^qs m¤ú~Y© bex b‡n eis †m GKRb AbyMvgx bex| †hgb nvi“b Avt gymv Avt Gi AbyMvgx bex wQ‡jb| †m †KviAvb kix‡di A_© weK…Z K‡i Ges Dnvi Ac e¨vL¨v K‡i| Avi, †m evwZj wPš—vaviv cÖPvi Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i Ges gymjgvb‡`i mvwi‡Z †_‡K mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`iI weivU †L`gZ AvÄvg w`‡Z _v‡K| KviY Bmjv‡gi gy‡Lvk c‡i hZUzKz †L`gZ Kiv Zvi c‡¶ m¤¢e n‡q‡Q, Bmjvg †_‡K †ei n‡q Zv m¤¢e nZ bv| mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i Rb¨ Zvi me‡P‡q eo GK †L`gZ wQj Zvi H dZIqv ÒBs‡iR‡`i wei“‡× A ¿aviY Kiv gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ Rv‡qR b‡n| KviY, †Rnv‡`i ûKzg iwnZ n‡q †M‡Q Ges Bs‡iRiv nj G c„w_ex‡Z Avj−vni cÖwZwbwa| myZivs Zv‡`i wei“‡× we‡ ªvn Kiv Rv‡qR bq|Ó G‡Z mvgªvR¨ev`xiv Zvi Dci AZ¨waK Lywk nj| Ges mKj cÖKvi mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv I A_© m¤ú` Zvi mvg‡b †ck Kij| GgbwK, Zvi AbymiY I AbyKiY Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡K KZ¸‡jv †jvK RywU‡q w`j| d‡j, †h e¨w³ Zvi `xN© Rxe‡b GKmv‡_ GKkZ cvDÛ †`‡L bvB †m AvR j¶ j¶ cvDÛ wb‡q †Lj‡Z ïi“ K‡i| †m wQj wgmKxb, mvgvb¨ †eZb‡fvMx Kg©Pvix, gv‡m cuvP cvD‡Ûi †ewk †eZb †cZ bv, RxweKvi A‡š^l‡Y bM‡i bM‡i Ges MÖv‡g MÖv‡g Ny‡i †eovZ; †m AvR weivU AUªvwjKv ˆZwi Ki‡Z jvMj Ges `vgx Mvwo Po‡Z jvMj| Avi, Zvi PvKi †bvKiiv eo eo †jvK‡`i †P‡qI †ewk RxweKv AR©‡bi my‡hvM jvf Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| weª‡U‡bi ivYx‡K fviZe‡l© AvMgb Dcj‡¶ Kvw`qvbx †h gvbcÎ cÖ vb K‡iwQj, Zv‡Z †m GK_v ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q| Ggwb fv‡e, mvgªvR¨ev`xiv G

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Zviv cÖKvk K‡i, †h H mKj wel‡qi Dci Zviv wek¦vm iv‡L hvi Dci gymjgvb‡`i wek¦vm i‡q‡Q| †Qv‡UvLv‡Uv A‡gŠwjK wKQy welq Qvov Zv‡`i Ges gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ †Kvb cv_©K¨ †bB| Avevi Zv‡`i H cyivZb cÖfy BD‡ivc I Avwd«Kvq cÎ cwÎKv I Ab¨vb¨ cÖPviYvi gva¨‡g Zv‡`i‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i| †hgb, wLª÷vb wgkbvwi‡`i GKwU msMVb Avj-gbwR` Awfav‡bi cwiwk‡ó G K_v ms‡hvRb K‡i †h, ÔKvw`qvbxiv GKwU gymwjg `j, Z‡e cv_©K¨ ïay GZUzKz †h, Zv‡`i wek¦vm gymjgvb‡`i Dci †Rnv` diR bqÕ| G Kvi‡YB Avwg G bZzb gZev` m¤ú‡K© we —vwiZ Rvbvi gb ’ Kijvg| we‡kl K‡i Kvev kix‡d we‡k¦i wewfbœ GjvKv †_‡K AvMZ Avgvi wKQy eÜzi mv‡_ hLb mv¶vr nj Ges Zviv Avgv‡K kw¼Z K‡i Zzjj †h Zv‡`i †`‡k Ggb KZK¸‡jv †jvK i‡q‡Q, hviv Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i cÖwZ GB e‡j AvnŸvb K‡i †h, Zv‡`i †bZv D¤§‡Z gymwjgvi gyRvwÏ` I ms¯‹viK Avi, Zviv Ggb wKQy cv‡”Qb bv hv w`‡q I‡`i gyKv‡ejv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Kvw`qvbx Av‡jgiv hLb Zv‡`i‡K cÖkœ K‡ib ZLb Zviv DËi w`‡Z cv‡ib bv| KviY, Zv‡`i Kv‡Q I‡`i wKZve I cÖK…Z AvwK`v m¤ú‡K© †Kvb ¯úó aviYv †bB| ZvB, Avwg G cÖ_g wKw¯— †ck KiwQ, Avj−vni m‡½ G cÖwZkÖ“wZmn †h G gZev‡`i cÖK…Z Ae¯’vi gy‡Lvk bv †Lvjv ch©š— Avwg kvš— ne bv| gnvb Avj−vni `iev‡i Gi ZvIwdK Kvgbv KiwQ| 1839 L„óv‡ã cvÄv‡ei Aš—M©Z Kvw`qvb bvgK MÖv‡g †Kvb GK cwiev‡i Bs‡iR mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i G‡R›U †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Rb¥ nq| Zvi wcZv H mKj †jv‡Ki Aš—f©y³ wQj hviv gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i wei“‡× lohš¿ K‡i‡Q| Ges gvb-m¤§vb jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ mvgªvR¨ev`‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q| †hgb, ^qs †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx Zvi wKZvi Ô†Zvndv‡q KvqmvwiqvqÕ D‡j −L K‡i‡Q †h, Avgvi wcZv †Mvjvg gyiZvRv H mg¯— †jvK‡`i GKRb wQ‡jb, Bs‡iR miKv‡ii mv‡_ hv‡`i mym¤úK© I fv‡jvevmvi eÜb wQj,

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Ges ivR `iev‡i Zvi GKUv Avmb msiw¶Z wQj| †m Bs‡iR miKvi‡K me©Zfv‡e mvnvh¨ K‡iwQj hLb Zvi ^‡`wk I ^ ag©xq fviZevmxiv 1851 Bs mv‡j Bs‡iR miKv‡ii wei“‡× we‡`ªvn †NvlYv K‡iwQj| (GUv wQj mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i wei“‡× GKUv cÖwm× wec −e) GgbwK †m wb‡Ri c¶ †_‡K cÂvkRb ˆmb¨ I cÂvkwU †Nvov Øviv Zv‡`i mvnvh¨ K‡i Ges †m Zvi mva¨vZxZ EaŸ©Zb KZ©…c‡¶i †mev K‡i‡Q| (D‡j −wLZ MÖš’ 16 c„:) myZivs G ai‡bi cwiev‡i hw` †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Rb¥ bv nq Z‡e, Avi Kvi Rb¥ n‡e? †gvUK_v, R‡b¥i ci †jLvcovi eq‡m †cŠQ‡j †m AL¨vZ wKQy wk¶‡Ki Kv‡Q KZK ¸‡jv D`©y I Aviex cy —K c‡o Ges wKQy AvBb we`¨vI wk‡L| Zvici †m gvwmK gvÎ c‡b‡iv UvKv †eZ‡b eZ©gv‡b cvwK¯—v‡bi Aš—M©Z wkqvj‡KvU bvgK kn‡i PvKzwi †bq| †m GKUv gvbwmK fvimvg¨nxb cÖK…wZi †jvK wQj| GgbwK, Zvi m¤ú‡K© ejv nq †h Zv‡K Ni †_‡K wPwb Avbvi K_v ejv n‡j †m wPwbi e`‡j jeY wb‡q Av‡m| GKvš— wbe©yw×Zv I fvimvg¨nxbZvi Kvi‡Y †m cw_g‡a¨ Dnv †L‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i| hLb jeY Zvi Mjvq †cuŠ‡Q AvU‡K hvq ZLb Zvi P¶z-Øq †_‡K AkÖ“ wbM©Z nq|(Zvi cyÎ ekxi Avng` KZ©…K wjwLZ ÒwmivZzj gvn`xÓ bvgK MÖš’) GZ &e¨ZxZ †m GZ fxi“ wQj †h, KLbI hy× I Kzw¯—‡Z Ask MÖnY K‡iwb| A_P H mgq f`ª cwiev‡ii mK‡jB mvgwiK wk¶v MÖnY KiZ| G Kvi‡YB GK`v †m GKUv †gvi‡Mi ev”Pv RevB Ki‡Z wM‡q Zvi AvOyj †K‡U †d‡j Ges Zv †_‡K i³ cÖevwnZ nq| d‡j, †m ¶gv cÖv_©bv I ZIev K‡i m‡i c‡o| KviY, †m Zvi Rxe‡b †Kvb cÖvYx RevB K‡iwb| (wmiv‡Z gvn`x 2q LÊ 4_ c„:) G wbe©yw×Zv I fxi“Zv wb‡q †m eo n‡Z jvMj Ges †hŠe‡b c`vc©Y Kij| Gi Awbevh© cwiYwZ ^iƒc †m me© v Amy ’B _vKZ| †hŠe‡b †m cvMjvwg mv`„k¨ ÔgyivKÕ ev wnóªxqv †iv‡M Avµvš— nq| G Qvov †m Av‡iv wewfbœ †iv‡M Avµvš— wQj| ÔwiwfD Kvw`qvbÕ bvgK Kvw`qvbx

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cwÎKvq GK`v cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj †h, gyivK †ivMwU Avgv‡`i nhi‡Zi eskMZ †ivM wQj bv, eis Dnv ewnM©Z Kvi‡Y n‡qwQj| A_©vr †Mvjvg Avng‡`i c~‡e© Zvi cwiev‡ii Avi †Kn G †iv‡M Avµvš— nb wb, eis gw¯—‡®‹i `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y wZwbB cÖ_g G †iv‡M Avµvš— I cÖfvweZ nb| (AvM÷ msL¨v 1936 L„óvã) G‡Z, cÖgvwYZ nj †h, †m gyivK ev wnóªxqv †iv‡M Avµvš— wQj Ges Zvi cwiev‡i Av‡iv A‡bK †jvK G †iv‡M Avµvš— wQj| G‡`i g‡a¨ Zvi gvgv‡Zv fvB ,Kb¨v, GgbwK, Zvi ¯¿xI G †iv‡M Avµvš— wQj| GK_v Zvi †Q‡j Zvi Rxeb Pwi‡Z D‡j−L K‡i‡Q Ges †m wb‡RI e‡j‡QÒAvgvi ¿x gyivK †iv‡M Avµvš—Ó| Wv³vi‡`i civgk©vbyhvqx †m Avgvi m‡½ KLbI †eov‡Z †ei nZ|(Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj wnKg G †Mvjv‡gi eY©bv, hv 1901 mv‡ji 10 AvM÷ cÖKvwkZ) gyivK †ivMUv wK? GLb Avgiv Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie| †Kbbv Avgv‡`i Av‡jvP¨ wel‡qi mwnZ Gi we‡kl m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| †kÖô wPwKrmv weÁvbx Avey Avjx wmbv Zvi ÔAvj KvbybÕ bvgK MÖ‡š’ ÔgyivKÕ †iv‡Mi eY©bv w`‡Z wM‡q ¯úó K‡i e‡j‡Qb †h, gyivK Ggb GKUv †ivM hvi d‡j fqfxwZ I wech©‡qi Avk¼vq gvby‡li wPš—vaviv I Kíbv‡Z cwieZ©b N‡U| Af¨š—ixY fv‡e gvbwmK kw³ mš¿¯— n‡q c‡o Ges †ivMx Gi Kvi‡Y me©`v Aw ’i _v‡K| Avj −vgv eyinvbywÏb gw¯—®‹ †iv‡Mi j¶Y I Kvi‡Yi e¨vL¨v w`‡Z wM‡q e‡j‡Qb †h, gyivK Ggb GKUv †ivM hvi Kvi‡Y ¯^vfvweK Kíbv I wPš—vaviv cwiewZ©Z n‡q †ivMxi MwZwewa A ^vfvweK n‡q c‡o| GgbwK, G Ae¯’vq †cuŠ‡Q hvq †h,†ivMx wb‡R‡K g‡b K‡i †m A „‡k¨i Ávb iv‡L| Avi G ai‡bi †Kvb †Kvb †ivMx g‡b K‡i †h, †m †d‡i¯—v n‡q †M‡Q| Ag~jK wPš—vaviv I Kíbvi g‡a¨B G givKx cvMj Kvw`qvbx †hŠe‡b c`vc©Y K‡i `vwe Kij †h, †m GKRb gyRvwÏ`| Gici †m ej‡Z jv‡M †h, Zvi Dci Da© RM‡Zi inm¨vejxi Bjnvg nq| G my‡hv‡M Zvi mvgªvR¨ev`x cÖfy Zvi gv_vq

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beyq‡Zi gyKzU cwi‡q †`q| myZivs G beyq‡Zi `vwe`vi Zv‡`iB bex‡Z cwiYZ nq Ges Zviv nj Gi gvey`| †hgb †m wb‡RB Bnv ¯^xKvi K‡i e‡j‡Q, wek eQ‡ii Kg eq‡mi GKRb Bs‡iR hye‡Ki AvK…wZ‡Z Avwg GKRb †d‡i¯—v‡K ^‡cœ †`‡LwQ †m GKwU †Pqv‡ii Dci e‡m Av‡Q Ges Zvi mvg‡b GKwU †Uwej i‡q‡Q| Avwg Zv‡K ejjvg Zzwg AwZ my›`i| †m DËi w`j nuv, nuvÕ| (†Mvjvg KZ©…K iwPZ ZvRwKiv‡q Anx‡q gyKvÏvm 31 c„:) Zvi ci Bs‡iwR fvlvq Bjnvg nj, (i love you) Avwg †Zvgv‡K fv‡jvevwm, (i with you) Avwg †Zvgvi mv‡_ AvwQ , (i shall help you) Avwg †Zvgvi mvnvh¨ Kie| †m Av‡iv D‡j−L K‡i †h , ÔGici Avgvi kixi cÖKw¤úZ nj Ges Bs‡iwR fvlvq Bjnvg nj: Avwg hv B‡”Q Kwi Zv Ki‡Z cvwi| Abš—i Avwg Zvi fvlv D”PviY eyS‡Z cvijvg †hb GKRb Bs‡iR Avgvi gv_vi Kv‡Q e‡m K_v ej‡QbÕ| (†Mvjvg Avng` KZ©…K iwPZÒevivnx‡b Avng`xÓ 480 c„:) Gici Avi wK? †m Zvi cÖwZkÖ“wZ i¶v K‡i Ges wb‡Ri †Mvjvg‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i| Kv‡RB Zvi Aek¨ KZ©e¨ nj Zv‡`i K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Kiv| we‡kl K‡i fviZ mgªvÁx gnvb ivYx‡K Avj −vn ZvAvjv cvVv‡jb Ges wZwb kvš—-bv I mvnm cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ AbyMÖn c~e©K Zvi N‡i AvMgb Ki‡jb| †m wb‡RB Gi eY©bv w`‡Z wM‡q e‡j‡Q Avwg Kvk‡di gva¨‡g fviZ mgªvÁx gnvb ivYx‡K †`L‡Z †cjvg, wZwb Avgvi N‡i AvMgb K‡i‡Qb| ZLb Avwg Avgvi m½x mv_x‡`i GKRb‡K ejjvg †h, gnvb ivYx Zvi cwic~Y© †øn ggZv I fv‡jvevmv Øviv Avgv‡`i †K m¤§vwbZ K‡i‡Qb| Avi ,Avgv‡`i N‡i y w`b Ae ’vb K‡i‡Q| ZvB, Avgv‡`i KZ©e¨ nj Zvi K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Kiv| (gÄyi Kvw`qvwbi wjwLZ ÔgyKvwkdv‡Z †MvjvgÕ 17c„ôv) Kvh©Z: mvgªvR¨ev‡`i fv‡jvevmv Ges Dnvi cÖwZ Zvi wek¦ —Zvi †NvlYv ^iƒc Ges gymjgvb‡`i wQ ªvbymÜv‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ †m Zvi KZ©e¨ wbôvi mv‡_ cvjb K‡i‡Q| GgbwK hLb †Kvb GK N„Y¨

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mvgªvR¨ev`x GKUv cy —K iPbv K‡i Dnv‡Z D¤§vnvZzj gy‡gwbb I ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi m¤§v‡bi Dci AvNvZ nv‡b| ZLb fviZ e‡l©i gymjgvbiv we‡ ªvn †NvlYv K‡i Ges K‡Vvi cÖwZ‡iva M‡o †Zv‡j, Avi hLb G cy —‡Ki Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i N„Yv I †¶vf miKv‡ii Kv‡Q †cŠQvj| ZLb †m gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ mn‡hvwMZvi e`‡j Zv‡`i wei“×vPiY Ki‡Z jvMj| KviY Zvi g‡Z gnvb weªwUk miKvi hviv G c„w_ex‡Z Avj−vni Qvqv ^iƒc Zv‡`i wei“‡× cÖwZ‡iva I we‡`ªvn Kivi AwaKvi gymjgvb‡`i †bB| mvgªvR¨ev‡`i mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv GgbwK Dnvi cÖwZ Zvi Anevb Ges gymjgvb‡`i wQ ªvbymÜvb Kivi Kvi‡Y hLb Zvi Dci AvµgY Pj‡Z _v‡K, ZLb †m Zvi †Kvb GKwU cy —‡K wj‡LwQj †h, Avgv‡`i wnZvKv•¶x miKv‡ii Rb¨ Avgiv mKj cÖKvi wec` mn¨ KiwQ Ges fwel¨‡ZI Kie| †Kbbv Zvi Ki“Yv I `qvi Rb¨ K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Kiv Avgv‡`i Aek¨ KZ©e¨| G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB †h, weªwUk miKv‡ii Rb¨ Avgiv Avgv‡`i cÖvY I ab-m¤ú` DrmM© Kie| Avi, cÖKv‡k¨ I AcÖKv‡k¨ Dnvi gh©v`v I DbœwZi Rb¨ Avgiv me© v cÖv_©bv Kie| (†Mvjv‡gi ÒAvwiqv ag©Ó 79 I 80 c„ôv) Rvwb bv, †h e¨w³ ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Aegvbbv MÖnY K‡i, †m ai‡bi †jvK wK beyq¨Z I ZvR`x‡`i (ms¯‹vi) `vweKi‡Z cv‡i? ei †m H mKj †jv‡Ki cÖksmv Ki‡Q hviv ûRy‡ii Aegvbbv K‡i‡Q Ges H me †jv‡Ki we‡ivwaZv Ki‡Q hviv bex mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi m¤§vb I gh©v`v i¶vi Rb¨ wb‡R‡`i cÖvY I †`n‡K DrmM© K‡i‡Qb| †m Zvi Abymvix I f³MY‡K DrmvwnZ K‡i, Zviv †hb Zv‡`i gnvcÖfy Bs‡iR mvgªvR¨ev‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ m¤ú` I cÖvY DrmM© Kivi Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z _v‡K| KviY Zvi ag© Zv‡K wk¶v †`q, Avj−vni Av‡`k cvjb Ki‡Z Ges H miKv‡ii AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z

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†h †`k‡K wbivcËv `vb K‡i‡Q Ges Zv‡`i‡K wbR QvqvZ‡j Rvwjg‡`i (A_©vr gymjgvb‡`i) nvZ †_‡K i¶v K‡i‡Q| G miKvi weªwUk miKvi Qvov Avi †Kn b‡n| AwaKš‘, G miKv‡ii Aeva¨Zv Bmjvg Ges Avj −vn I Z`xq ivm~‡ji Aeva¨Zvi kvwgj|( miKv‡ii j¶Y bvgK cyw¯—Kvq D‡j−wLZ †Mvjv‡gi fvlY) Zvi ywU cy —K ÒRi“iZzj BgvgÓ c„ôv 23 Ges ÒZzndv‡q KvqmvwiqvÓ c„: 27 G †m e‡j‡Q Avwg gnvb Avj−vni ïKwiqv GRb¨ Av`vq KiwQ †h, wZwb Avgv‡K weªwU‡ki Ggb Ki“Yvi QvqvZ‡j †_‡K Avwg KvR Ki‡Z cviwQ Ges IqvR-bwmnZI Ki‡Z cviwQ| myZivs G AbyMÖnkxj miKv‡ii cÖRv‡`i KZ©e¨ nj Zvi K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Kiv, we‡kl K‡i, Avgvi KZ©e¨ nj G miKv‡ii AwaK K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Kiv| †Kbbv, eZ©gvb fviZ mgªvU Qvov Avi Kv‡iv Aax‡b †_‡K Avgvi gnvb D‡Ïk¨ mdj Ki‡Z cviZvg bv| †m GI e‡j‡Q †h e¨w³ wew”QbœZv I wech©q Kvgbv K‡i Zvi Dci Avj −vni Awfkvc Ges H e¨w³i DciI †h †bZvi AbyMZv ^xKvi K‡i bv| A_P Avj−vncvK e‡j‡Qb †h, †Zvgiv Avj−vn I ivm~‡ji Ges †bZv‡`i AbyMZ _vK| GLv‡b Dwjj Avgi ev †bZv ej‡Z eZ©gvb mgªvU‡K eySvq| GRb¨ Avwg Avgvi f³e„›` I AbymvixMY‡K Dc‡`k w`‡q _vwK Zviv †hb Bs‡iR‡K Djyj Avgi Gi Aš—f©~Z K‡i †bq Ges Aš—i †_‡K Zuvi AvbyMZ¨ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z KzwÉZ bv nq| (Zvi wbR fvlv) Zviv †h Bs‡iR‡`i AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e G‡Z Avð‡h©i wKQy bq; †Kbbv, Zviv I‡`iB mš—vb, nv‡Zi evbvb e ‘ Ges I‡`i jvMvb Mv‡Qi dj| fviZ e‡l©i BwZnvm †eËv †`L‡Z †cj Zv‡`i jvMvb MvQ cwicK¡ I d‡j cwic~Y© n‡q †M‡Q, ZLb Zviv Kvw`qvbx‡`i †eZ‡bi gva¨‡g I †eZb Qvov we‡kl we‡kl my‡hvM `vb Ki‡Z jvMj, Kvw`qvbx Qv·`i wk¶v `x¶vi Rb¨ BD‡iv‡c cvVv‡Z jvMj| Avi , e¨emv-evwYR¨, K…wl, wkí KviLvbv BZ¨vw` mgy q Kg©‡¶‡Î Zv‡`i‡K we‡kl AwaKvi w`‡Z jvMj| Ggwbfv‡e

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Bs‡iR miKvi‡K G `‡ji wPš—v aviv‡K cÖPvi Kivi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i †bq| †Kbbv, Gme wPš—vaviv Zv‡`i cwiKíbv Abyhvqx I Zv‡`i ¯^v‡_©B wQj| Avi Zv‡`i Drmvn cÖ`vb I D‡ËwRZ Kivi Kvi‡Y A‡bK g~L© I ye©j Bgv‡bi A‡bK †jvK G Rv‡j AvUKv c‡o| KviY, Zviv Bnv AR©bI Ki‡Z jvMj| Gfv‡e G gyiZv` `jwU µgk: we¯—…wZ jvf K‡i Ges w`‡K w`‡K Qwo‡q c‡o| Avi gymjgvbMY‡K Bmjvg †_‡K mwi‡q ivLv weªwU‡ki `vm‡Z¡i wbKUeZ©x Kivi Rb¨ A‡bK cyw —Kv cÖPvi K‡i| gymjgvb‡`i †µva I †ivlvbj †_‡K Zv‡`i mvgªvR¨ev`x gyiweŸiv me© v Zv‡`i‡K †ndvhZ KiZ| hLbB †Kvb mvgªvR¨ev`x cÖkvmK Zv‡`i cÖwZ Ag‡bv‡hvMx nZ, ZLbB Zvi wei“‡× Awf‡hvM I cÖwZev` DÌvwcZ nZ †h, AgyK Ab¨vb¨ `j‡K Avgv‡`i mggh©v`v `vb K‡i| m‡½ m‡½ Zvi cÖwZ fxwZ cÖ k©b I mZK© evYx G‡m coZ| †hgb †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx fvi‡Z wbhy³ fBmi‡qi Kv‡Q Ggb KZK¸‡jv kã I c×wZ e¨envi K‡i `iLv¯— †ck Kij, hv †Kvb gh©v`v m¤úbœ †jv‡Ki c‡¶ †kvfv cvq bv| Avi, Avj −vni bwe‡Zv G †_‡K KZ E‡aŸ©| (Zvi g~j eY©bv) Avgvi Abymvix‡`i bvg msewjZ †h Av‡e`b cÎwU Avcbvi mgx‡c †ck KiwQ, Gi D‡Ïk¨ nj GB †h, Avwg I Avgvi c~e© cyi“‡liv Avcbv‡`i Rb¨ †h weivU †L`gZ K‡iwQ Dnvi cÖwZ j¶¨ ivL‡eb| Avwg gnvb miKv‡ii Kv‡Q Av‡iv Avkv ivwL †h miKvi H cwiev‡ii cÖwZ j¶¨ ivL‡e †h `xN© cÂvk ermi hver cwic~Y© wek¦¯—Zv I wbôvi mwnZ cÖgvY K‡i‡Q †h, G cwievi miKv‡ii cÖwZ me‡P‡q †ewk wbôvevb| gnvb miKv‡ii kvmKeM© G cwiev‡ii fv‡jvevmvi ^xK…wZ cÖ vb K‡i‡Q Ges G cwiev‡ii Rb¨ A½xKvi cÎ I mb`cÎ `vb K‡i‡Q †h, Bnv GKwU †meK I wbt ^v_© cwievi| G Rb¨ Avwg Avcbv‡`i wbKU Avkv ivwL †h, Avcbvi Aaxb ’ cÖkvmK‡`i‡K wjL‡eb hv‡Z Zviv H e„‡¶i cÖwZ j¶¨ iv‡L Ges Gi i¶Yv‡e¶Y K‡i; hv

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AvcbvivB †ivcY K‡i‡Qb| Av‡iv Avkv Kwi, Zviv †hb Avgvi Abymvix‡`i cÖwZ we‡kl †ø‡ni `„wó iv‡L| †Kbbv AZx‡Z KLbI Avgiv Avcbv‡`i Rb¨ cÖvY I i³ DrmM© Ki‡Z wcwQ‡q _vwKwb, Avi fwel¨‡ZI wcwQ‡q _vKe bv| G gnvb Ae`v‡bi †cÖw¶‡Z Avgiv gnvb miKv‡ii Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv `vwe Kivi AwaKvi ivwL, hv‡Z †Kn Avgv‡`i Dci Avµg‡Yi mvnm bv cvq| (fviZe‡l©i cÖwZ †Mvjvg Avng‡`i cÎ hv Kv‡mg Kvw`qvbxi wjwLZ ÒZvejx‡M wimvjvZÓ bvgK cy —‡Ki 7g L‡Û D‡j−wLZ|) cybivq †m Zv‡`i weivU weivU †mevi K_v D‡j −L K‡i e‡j‡Q †h, Bs‡iR‡`i cÖksmvq Avgvi iwPZ cy —Kvejx Øviv Avwg MÖš’vMvi cwic~Y© K‡i w`‡qwQ| we‡kl K‡i, miKv‡ii cÖwZ GUvB Avgvi eo Ae`vb| Avwg Avkv Kwi †h Avgv‡K Gi DËg wewbgq cÖ vb Kiv n‡e| Kvh©Z: GUvB wQj Zvi Ab¨Zg eo †L`gZ| †Kbbv, mvgªvR¨ev`xiv wLª÷vb †nvK Avi AL„óvb †nvK , Zviv gymjgvb‡`i †Rnv‡`i Abyf~wZ‡K hZUzKz fq K‡i, Ab¨ wKQy‡K Zviv ZZUzKz fq K‡i bv| myZivs †m Gi wewbgq †cj| Avi Gi †P‡q eo wewbgq wK n‡Z cv‡i †h, GKRb gyivK (wnwóªqv) †ivMvµvš— I AfveMÖ¯— e¨w³ hvi Kv‡Q GKw`‡bi Lvevi wQj bv, †m AvR beyq‡Zi wmsnvm‡b mgvmxb n‡q e‡m‡Q Ges Zvi PZzi cv‡k¦© bRi I †bIqv‡Ri aviv e‡q P‡j‡Q| †jv‡Kiv Zvi Kv‡Q †`Š‡o QyU‡Q Ges Ges ZLbKvi we‡k¦i me© e„nr ivóª Zv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Q| Gi djkÖ“wZ‡Z Zvi cvMjvwg Av‡iv e„w× cvq Ges Zv Pig ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q| BbkvAvj−vn, Avwg Dnv we‡kl cÖe‡Ü D‡j−L Kie| G Av‡jvPbvi m‡½ †Mvjvg Avng‡`i †Q‡j, Zvi wØZxq Lwjdv KZ©…K e¨³ ¯^xKv‡ivw³ ÒKvw`qvbx ag© mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i dmj Qvov Avi wKQy bqÓ| †hvM KiwQ †m ej‡Q Avgv‡`i Dci mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i A‡bK Ae`vb i‡q‡Q| Avgiv c~Y© kvwš— I Aviv‡gi mwnZ Avgv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ mvab KiwQ Ges wewfbœ †`‡k cÖPv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ Avgiv †h‡Z cviwQ| weªwUk miKvi GLv‡bI

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Avgv‡`i mvnvh¨ Ki‡Q| GUv nj Avgv‡`i Dci Zv‡`i c~Y© Ki“Yv I `qv| (gvngy` Avng` iwPZ ÒevivKvZzj †LjvdZÓ bvgK MÖš’ 65 c„ôv) G Kvi‡YB †Mvjvg Avng` me© v Zvi f³MY‡K mvgªvR¨ev‡`i wek¦ —Zv I fv‡jvevmv AR©‡b m‡Pó nIqvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ KiZ| ïay ZvB b‡n eis Gi Rb¨ Av‡Z¥vrmM© Ki‡Z Ges Gi AvnŸvqK n‡Z, Avi gvby‡li g‡b G K_v e× g~j Ki‡Z Aby‡cÖiYv w`Z †h, c„w_ex‡Z G miKv‡ii †P‡q AwaK b¨vq civqY I DËg Avi †Kn †bB| hvi d‡j, G AvnŸv‡bi `i“b gvby‡li g‡b Mfxi cÖfve we —vi Ki‡e| †Kbbv hLb G K_vwU evi evi kÖ“Z n‡Z _v‡K ZLb G Ki“Yvgq miKv‡ii cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv I m¤§vb my „p nIqv ^vfvweK| Avi Dnv ïay fviZe‡l©B mxgve× _vK‡e bv eis Avgv‡`i †Kn Ab¨ †`‡k †M‡j †mLv‡bI G Kg©aviv Pvwj‡q hv‡e| KviY, Avgv‡`i ^v_© I j¶¨ GK I Awfbœ| ( Avi Zv‡`i GB Awfbœ j¶¨ n‡jv

Bmjv‡gi cÖK…wZ‡K aŸsm Kiv Ges mwVK ag©‡K gy‡Q †djv) hLb G miKv‡ii b¨vqcivqYZvi K_v Ab¨vb¨ †`kevmxiv Rvb‡Z cvi‡e ZLb Zviv AvMÖn Ki‡e †hb G eiKZgq miKv‡ii cv Zv‡`i †`‡kI †cuŠ‡Q hvq| e ‘Z Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨vejx wQj Awfbœ| †hgb GK Kvw`qvbx ag©cÖPviK 1923 m‡b ivwkqv n‡Z cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i msev` w`‡q ejj †h, Avwg weªwU‡ki ¸ßPi nIqvi Acev‡` K‡qKevi a„Z n‡qwQÕ †m Me© K‡i Av‡iv e‡j †h, Avwg ivwkqv‡Z ïay Kvw`qvbx ag© cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ wM‡qwQjvg| wKš‘ †h‡nZz Kvw`qvbx‡`i ^v_© I D‡Ïk¨ weªwUk miKv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ RwoZ, ZvB Avwg weªwUk miKv‡ii †mev Ki‡Z Ges Avgvi Dci Zvi Awc©Z KZ©e¨ m¤úv`b Ki‡Z eva¨ wQjvg| (Kvw`qvbx‡`i gyevwj−M gynv¤§` Avwg‡bi wjwLZ Ges Avj dRjyj Kvw`qvbx cwÎKvq cÖPvwiZ 28 †m‡Þ¤^i 1923 L„:) Gfv‡eB Zv‡`i Kvh©µg Pj‡Z _vKj| G AcweÎ `jwU jvÃbv I Ac`¯—Zvi me©wbæ ¯—‡i †cuŠ‡Q| Ggb nj †h gymwjg ivóª ‡jv

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G‡Ki ci GK mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i nv‡Z cZ‡bi Kvi‡Y Zviv Avb›` Dj−vm Ki‡Z _v‡K Ges eo eo mvaviY mfv Abyôvb ïi“ K‡i Avi gymwjg wba‡bi Rb¨ hy×v ¿ µ‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ eo A‡¼i UvKv †cÖiY Ki‡Z _v‡K| hLb †Mvjv‡gi cyÎ I Zvi Lwjdv G Dcj‡¶ AbywôZ GKwU mfvq fvlY w`‡Z wM‡q e‡j, gymwjg Ijvgviv Avgv‡`i‡K Bs‡iR miKv‡ii mn‡hvwMZvi Acev` †`q, Avi Dnvi weRq mg~‡n Avgv‡`i Avb›` Dj−v‡mi Kvi‡Y Avgv‡`i‡K †`vlv‡ivc K‡i| Avgiv cÖkœ Kwi, †Kb Avgiv Dnv‡Z mš‘ó I Avbw›`Z ne bv? A_P Avgv‡`i Bgvg G K_v e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvwg †gn`x Ges weªwUk miKvi Avgvi ZievwiÕ| myZivs Avgiv Gi weR‡q Avbw›`Z neB Ges Avgiv †`L‡Z PvB †h, G Zievwii Av‡jv †hb BivK, wmwiqv cÖf„wZ †`‡k D™¢vwmZ n‡”Q| †m Av‡iv e‡j, Avj−vn Zvqvjv G miKv‡ii mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨ †d‡i¯—v †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb|(Avj-dRj cwÎKv 7B wW‡m¤i 1918 Bs) Z ycwi Zvi e³e¨ nj †h, kZ kZ Kvw`qvbx BivK weR‡qi Rb¨ Bs‡iR evwnbx‡Z †hvM`vb K‡i‡Q Ges G Rb¨ Zv‡`i (AcweÎ) i³ Swi‡q‡Q| (Avj-dRj cwÎKv 31 †k AvM÷ 1923 L„:) Abyiƒc fv‡e †m Avb›` cÖKvk K‡i hLb mvgªvR¨ev`x evwnbx Avj-Kz ‡m cÖ‡ek K‡i| mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i mg_©‡b †m GKwU cÖeÜI wj‡L‡Q| Zvi G Kv‡Ri I Dmgvbx mvgªv‡R¨i cZ‡bi Rb¨ weªwUk cÖavb gš¿xi †m‡µUvwi Zvi K…ZÁZv cÖKvk K‡ib| Avj-dRj cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q †h ÔweªwUk mvgªv‡R¨i weR‡qi Rb¨ Avgiv Avj−vni nvRvi nvRvi ïKwiqv Av`vq KiwQ| GUv GKUv Avb›` Dj−v‡mi KviY| †Kbbv Avgv‡`i †bZv †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx Zvi Abymvix‡`i‡K Gi Rb¨ †`vqv Ki‡Z Dc‡`k w`‡Zb| BwZc~‡e© Kvw`qvbx a‡g©i †h `vIqvZ eÜ n‡q wM‡qwQj, Zvi c_ Avevi Ly‡j †`qv nj| weªwUk mvgªvR¨ wewfbœ †`‡k Qwo‡q covi d‡jB Avgv‡`i G mKj my‡hvM-myweav jvf nq | (Avj-dRj 23 b‡f¤^i 1918 L„:) Ggwb fv‡e mvgªvR¨ev`xiv

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Zv‡`i nxb D‡Ïk¨ PwiZv_©, gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ we‡f` m„wó I Zv‡`i Dci ¸ßPie„wË mdj Kivi Rb¨ G `jwU‡K jvjb-cvjb K‡i| †h‡nZz, Giv Bs‡iR‡`i G‡R›U, ZvB Rvg©vb miKvi Zvi gš¿x-eM©‡K G‡`i gvnwdj Abyôv‡b Dcw ’Z n‡Z wb‡la K‡i| Avj-dRj 1jv b‡f¤^i 1934 L„: Av‡iv D‡j−L¨ †h , AvdMvb I Bs‡iR‡`i g‡a¨ hy× PjvKv‡j hLb G `‡ji yÕe¨w³ AvdMvwb¯—v‡b cÖ‡ek K‡iwQj, ZLb AvdMvb miKvi

G‡`i‡K mvgªvR¨ev‡`i c‡¶ ¸ßPi e„wËi `v‡q nZ¨v K‡i| AvdMvb miKv‡ii ¯^ivóª gš¿x †NvlYv K‡ib †h, G‡`i Kv‡Q Ggb cÖgvY I wPwVcÎ cvIqv †M‡Q hØviv GUvB mve¨¯— nq †h, Giv Avgv‡`i kΓi G‡R›U| wKš‘ Gi wecixZ Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv G yÕR‡bi Aciva wb‡q Me© K‡i e‡j †h, hw` Avgv‡`i †jv‡Kiv AvdMvwb ’v‡b Pzc _vKZ Avi wRnv` m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡`i wek¦vm‡K cÖKvk bv KiZ Z‡e Zv‡`i Dci †Kvb wec` AvmZ bv| wKš‘ Zviv weªwUk miKv‡ii fv‡jvevmv‡K †Mvcb Ki‡Z cv‡iwb, hv Avgv‡`i KvQ †_‡K enb K‡i wb‡q wM‡qwQj| G Kvi‡YB Zviv g„Zz i m¤§yLxb nq| (Be‡b †Mvjv‡gi Rygvi †LvZev hv Avj-dRj cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ 16 B AvM÷ 1935 L„:) GUv Kv‡iv Kv‡Q A¯úó bq †h, mvgªvR¨ev`xiv me©`vB ¸ßPi e„wËi Rb¨ ag© Ges ag©cÖPv‡ii my‡hvM MÖnY K‡i| †hgb W: Dgi dii“L Zvi cy —K ÒAvZ-Zvemxi Aj-Bw¯—gviÓ Gi g‡a¨ we —vwiZ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Ges AvgivI Zv BwZc~‡e© D‡j −L K‡iwQ| GLb mvgªvR¨ev`xiv Zv‡`i kw³ my „p Kivi Rb¨ Ges Zv‡`i mv_© i¶vi ZvwM‡` Avwd«Kvq Ges ga¨cÖv‡P¨ gymjgvb‡`i ag© wek¦v‡m m‡›`‡ni m„wó Ges Bmjvg‡K KzjwlZ Ki‡Z I ¸ßPi e„wË Pvjv‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| Giv I‡`i cwiKíbv Abyhvqx Ges I‡`i mvnv‡h¨ KvR Pvwj‡q hv‡”Q| wKš‘ Bmjv‡gi bvg e¨envi Ki‡Q| cwi‡k‡l, Kvw`qvbx‡`i gyLcvÎ Avj-dRj cwÎKvq hv cÖPvwiZ n‡q‡Q, Zvi DׄwZ w`w”Q| ÒweªwUk miKvi Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Xvj ^iƒc|hvi QÎQvqvq Avgiv †Kej m¤§y‡Li

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w`‡K GwM‡q hvw”Q| hw` G Xvj mwi‡q †bqv nq, Zv n‡j Avgiv kΓi Avµg‡Y wQbœ wew”Qbœ n‡q hve| myZivs GRb¨ HK¨e× n‡qwQ †h, weªwU‡ki DbœwZ A_© Avgv‡`i DbœwZ Ges I‡`i aŸsm A_© Avgv‡`i aŸsm| (Avj-dRj 19‡k A‡±vei 1915 L„:) GUvB nj G ag©vš—wiZ `‡ji ev¯—e iƒc| hviv mvgªR¨ev‡`i Kv‡Q Zv‡`i AvwK`v wek¦vm‡K wewµ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| me©kw³ w`‡q Zv‡`i †L`gZ K‡i‡Q, AvRI K‡i hv‡”Q| Ògnvb Avj −vni ZIdxK Qvov ¸bvn †_‡K weiZ _vKv Ges mrKvR m¤úv`b Kivi kw³-mvg_© Avgv‡`i Kv‡iv †bBÓ© .......................................................................................................

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wØZxq cÖeÜ Kvw`qvbx gZev` I gymjgvbMY A‡bK †jvK g‡b K‡i †h, Kvw`qvbxiv gymjgvb‡`i wewfbœ `‡ji g‡a¨ GKwU `j| Z‡e, Zviv KZ¸‡jv kvLv cÖkvLvq wfbœ gZ †cvlY K‡i| G Qvov Zv‡`i g‡a¨ Avi †Kvb ZdvZ †bB| Avgiv G cÖe‡Ü gymjgvbMY I Zv‡`i a‡g©i †gvKvwejvq Kvw`qvbx gZev` m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kie| hv‡Z, GUv †h, KZ eo weåvwš— Zv cvVK mn‡R Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avi GUvI eyS‡Z cv‡ib †h, Bmjvg a‡g©i mv‡_ Dnvi we› y gvÎ m¤úK© †bB| A_P Zviv Rbmvavi‡Yi mv‡_ cÖZviYv Ki‡Q Ges Bmjvg bv‡gi wcQ‡b AvZ¥‡Mvcb K‡i Av‡Qb| cÖK…Zc‡¶, Zviv Bû` bvQvivi b¨vq Bmjvg †_‡K eû y‡i Ae ’vb Ki‡Q| G Avei‡Yi Øviv wbR ¯^v_©i¶v I my‡hvM jvf KivB Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨| Ab¨_vq Zv‡`i wKZve mg~‡n ¯úófv‡e D‡j −L i‡q‡Q †h, †Kvb gymwjg gviv †M‡j RvbvRvi bvgvR cov hv‡e bv, Ges Zv‡`i †Mvi ’v‡bI Kei †`qv hv‡e bv| †Kvb gymjgv‡bi mv‡_ weevn kvw` Pj‡e bv Ges †Kvb ag©xq AvPvi Abyôv‡bI †hvM`vb Kiv hv‡e bv| eis Zv‡`i g‡Z †m Kv‡di| wg_¨v bexi Øvex`vi †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx e‡j‡Q, Ô†h e¨w³ Avgv‡K wek¦vm K‡i bv †m Avj−vn I ivm~j‡K wek¦vm K‡i bvÕ| (†Mvjvg Avng‡`i nvwKKvZzj Anx c„ôv 163) Zvi †Q‡j I wØZxq Ljxdv gvngy Avng` wj‡L‡Q: ÒGK e¨w³ j²x kn‡i Avgvi mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡i wR‡Ám Kij †h, Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡a¨ cÖPvwiZ n‡q †M‡Q †h hviv Kvw`qvbx ag© MÖnY K‡i bvB Zv‡`i‡K Avcbviv Kv‡di e‡jb, GK_v wK mZ¨? Avwg Zv‡K ejjvg, nuv, mZ¨| G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB, Avgiv †Zvgv‡`i‡K Kv‡di ewj| †jvKwU Avgvi K_v‡K A™¢yZ g‡b Kij Ges Avðh©vwšZ nj| (AvbI‡i wLjvdZ 92 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j: Avgv‡`iB cÖkœ AKvw`qvbx‡`‡i Avgiv Kv‡di eje bv †Kb? A_P Zv KziAvb Øviv ¯úó| †Kbbv Avj−vn cvK cwi®‹vi fv‡e

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e‡j‡Qb, †h e¨w³ †Kvb ivm~j‡K A ^xKvi Ki‡e †m Kv‡di, Avi †h e¨w³ KziAvb †K A ^xKvi Ki‡e †m Kv‡di| GgZve¯’vq †h e¨w³ †Mvjvg Avng`‡K bex I ivm~j ej‡Z A ^xKvi Ki‡e †m KziAv‡bi fvlvq Kv‡di| GRb¨B Avgiv gymjgvbMY‡K Kv‡di ewj| †Kbbv Zviv ivm~jM‡Yi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Ki‡Q| Kv‡iv Dci Bgvb iv‡L, Avevi KvD‡K A ^xKvi K‡i| d‡j, G †cÖw¶‡Z Zviv Kv‡di|(Avj-dRj Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv hv 26 †g Ryb 1922 L„: cÖKvwkZ) Zvi wØZxq cyÎ ekxi Avng` ¯úó fvlvq wbj©¾ fv‡e wj‡L‡Q: †h e¨w³ gymv AvjvBwnm mvjvg cÖwZ Bgvb Av‡b Ges Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg cÖwZ Bgvb Av‡b bv A_ev Cmvi cÖwZ Bgvb Av‡b wKš‘ gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi cÖwZ Bgvb Av‡b bv †m Kv‡di| Abyiƒc fv‡e †h e¨w³ †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Dci Bgvb Av‡b bv †mI Kvwdi Ges Bmjvg †_‡K ewn®‹…Z| G K_v Avgiv wbR †_‡K ejwQ bv, eis Avj −vni wKZve †_‡K ejwQ ÒZvivB nj mwZ¨Kv‡ii Kv‡di|Ó (†Mvjvg cyÎ ekxi Avng‡`i KvwjgvZzj dvQjÕ bvgK MÖš’) R‰bK Kvw`qvbx Av‡jg Zvi ÒAvb-beyq¨Z wdj BjnvgÕ MÖ‡š’ wj‡L‡Q: Avj −vn Zvqvjv †Mvjvg Avng`‡K ej‡jb Ò†h e¨w³ Avgv‡K fvj-ev‡m I Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ ^xKvi K‡i Zvi KZ©e¨ nj †Zvgvi AbymiY Kiv Ges †Zvgvi Dci Bgvb Avbv| Ab¨_vq, †m Avgvi eÜz bq eis †m Avgvi kΓ| Avi †Zvgvi A ^xKviKvixiv hw` Zv MÖnY bv K‡i eis †Zvgv‡K Awek¦vm K‡i I Kó †`q, Z‡e Avwg Zv‡`i‡K K‡Vvi kvw¯— w`e Ges G mKj Kv‡di‡`i Rb¨ KvivMvi wnmv‡e Rvnvbœvg‡K ˆZwi K‡i †i‡LwQ|Ó AZGe Avj−vn Zvqvjv G Bjnv‡g ¯úó K‡i e‡j w`‡q‡Qb, †h e¨w³ †Mvjvg Avng`‡K Agvb¨ Ki‡e, †m Kvwdi Ges Zvi kvw¯— Rvnvbœvg| (gynv¤§` BDmyd Kvw`qvbxi ÔAvb-beyq¨Z wdj BjnvgÕ bvgK cy —K 40 c„ôv)

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Kvw`qvbx‡`i cÖ_g Ljxdv byi“Ïx‡bi DׄwZ w`‡q †Mvjvg cyÎ e‡j‡Q †h, AKvw`qvbx gymjgvbiv Avj−vn Zvqvjvi H evYxi Aš—f©y³ ÒGivB nj mwZ¨Kv‡ii Kv‡diÓ| GB cÖm‡½ †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q ÔGK_v †Kgb K‡i m¤¢e †h, gymvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg A ^xKviKvix Kv‡di I Awfkß n‡e Ges Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg A ^xKviKvixiv Kv‡di n‡e, Avi †Mvjvg Avng‡`i A ^xKviKixiv Kv‡di n‡e bv, gy‡gb‡`i AvwK`v nj GB- ÒAvgiv ivm~jM‡Yi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Kwi bvÓ A_P Giv ivm~jM‡Yi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Ki‡Q| myZivs †Mvjvg Avng`‡K A ^xKviKvix e¨w³ Kv‡di nIqv Awbevh© n‡q c‡o Ges †m Avj−vni H evYxi Aš—f©y³- ÒGivB cÖK…Z Kv‡diÓ (ekxi Avng` KZ©…K wjwLZ KvwjgvZzj dvQj 120 I 147 c„ôv Ges ÒwiwfD Ae wiwj-wRIÝÓ gvwmK cwÎKvq mwbœ‡ewkZ| GB nj Zv‡`i gZev` Ges Zv‡`i fvlvq GUvB Zv‡`i I gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ m¤ú‡K©i ^iƒc| wKš‘ Zviv gymjgvb‡`i mvwii †cQ‡b Zv‡`i Amr D‡Ïk¨ mva‡bi Rb¨ jywK‡q Av‡Q| KLbI Zviv mvaviY gymjgvbMY‡K cÖZviYv K‡i, we‡kl K‡i cvK fviZ e¨ZxZ Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ Ges Zv‡`i Bgv‡gi wcQ‡b cÖZviYv g~jK bvgvR c‡o| †Kbbv Avgiv c~‡e©B e‡jwQ †h, Zviv †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi beyq¨Z A ^xKviKvix‡K Kv‡di e‡j| myZivs †Kgb K‡i Zviv Kv‡di‡`i †cQ‡b Ges Zv‡`i mvwi‡Z bvgvR covi AbygwZ w`‡Z cv‡i? hw` Zviv bvgvR c‡o _v‡K Z‡e Dnv KcUZvi bvgvR| AZtci Zviv G bvgvR¸‡jv‡K wbR M„‡n cybivq c‡o †bq| AKvw`qvbx‡`i wcQ‡b bvgvR cov m¤ú‡K© G‡`i gZvgZ eY©bvi ci Avgiv Zv‡`i G yiwfmwÜ we —vwiZ D‡j−L Kie| beyq‡Zi `vwe`vi Kvw`qvbx e‡j- ÔGUvB Avgvi mycwiwPZ ag gZ †h, AKvw`qvbx e¨w³ †hLv‡bB †nvK , †h †KDB †nvK , †jv‡Kiv Zvi hZB cÖksmv Ki“K, Zvi wcQ‡b †Zvgv‡`i bvgvR

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cov Rv‡qR b‡n| GUv Avj−vni wb‡ ©k I Avj −vni B”Qv| Avi, G‡Z †h m‡›`n †cvlY K‡i ev BZ¯—Z: K‡i †m wg_¨vev`x‡`i Aš—f©y³| †Zvgv‡`i Ges I‡`i g‡a¨ Avj−vn cv_©K¨ K‡i w`‡Z Pvb| (†Mvjv‡gi gvjdzRvZ hv Avj-wnKg bvgK Kvw`qvbx cwÎKvq cÖPvwiZ cÖeÜ, 10 wW‡m¤^i 1904 L„:) †Mvjvg Avng` Zvi ÒAvievCbÓ bvgK cyw¯—Kvi 34I 35 c„ôvq wj‡L‡Q- Avj−vn Avgv‡K AeMZ K‡i‡Qb †h, †h e¨w³ Avgv‡K Awek¦vm K‡i Ges Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ ^xKvi Ki‡Z BZ¯—Z: K‡i, Zvi wcQ‡b †Zvgv‡`i bvgvR cov AKvU¨ nvivg| eis †Zvgv‡`i †Kvb GK Bgv‡gi †cQ‡b bvgvR cov †Zvgv‡`i KZ©e¨| nv`x‡m G w`‡KB Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q, Ò†Zvgv‡`i Bgvg †Zvgv‡`i ga¨ †_‡KB n‡eÓ| A_©vr hLb gvmxn AeZiY Ki‡eb ZLb †Zvgv‡`i KZ©e¨ n‡e Bmjv‡gi `vwe`vi mKj `j‡K eR©b Kiv| †Zvgv‡`i ga¨ n‡Z Bgvg wbhy³ K‡i wb‡e| †Zvgv‡`i hv wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q Z`byhvqx KvR Ki| †Zvgiv wK PvI †h, †Zvgv‡`i ARv‡š— †Zvgv‡`i Avgj mg~n bó n‡q hvK? GUvB †Mvjv‡gi Dw³| Avi, Zvi †Q‡ji Dw³ nj GB- AKvw`qvbx †Kvb e¨w³i †cQ‡b Kv‡iv bvgvR cov ˆea b‡n| †jv‡Kiv evisevi G cÖkœ Ki‡Q †h AKvw`qvbx‡`i †cQ‡b bvgvR ˆea wK bv? Avwg ewj hLbB †Zvgiv Avgvi Kv‡Q cÖkœ Ki‡e ZLbB Avwg eje, Rv‡qR b‡n, Rv‡qR b‡n, Rv‡qR b‡n, (AvbI‡i †LjvdZ, 89 c„:) Zviv G e¨vcv‡i GZB K‡Vvi †h, Zv‡`i `‡ji K‡iv Rb¨ †Kvb Bgv‡gi †cQ‡b bvgvR cov ˆea b‡n, hZ¶Y ch©š— †m wbwðZ bv n‡e †h G Bgvg Kvw`qvbx| gbRyi Kvw`qvbxi ÒgvjdzRv‡Z Avngw`qvÓ bvgK MÖ‡š’i 4_ L‡Ê 146 c„ôvq ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, GK e¨w³ †Mvjvg Avng`‡K wR‡Ám Kij- †Kvb e¨w³i c‡¶ H Bgv‡gi †cQ‡b bvgvR cov ˆea Av‡Q wK bv hvi ag© m¤ú‡K© †m AewnZ b‡n| Dˇi †m ejj: bv, Zvi ag© wek¦vm m¤ú‡K© AewnZ bv n‡q Zvi †cQ‡b bvgvR cov ˆea n‡e bv| hw` †m

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Avgv‡K wek¦vm K‡i, Z‡e ˆea n‡e, Awek¦vm Ki‡j ˆea n‡e bv| Avi hw` wek¦vm Awek¦vm wKQyB bv K‡i ZeyI ˆea n‡e bv, †Kbbv, †m gybv‡dK| Avi †Kvb †Kvb mgq Zviv gymjgvb‡`i gmwR‡` Ges gymwjg Bgv‡gi †cQ‡b bvgvR c‡o _v‡K Dnvi nvKxKZ Avwg Kvw`qvbx‡`i wØZxq Ljxdv †Mvjv‡gi cyÎ gvngy Avng‡`i evPwbK eY©bv KiwQ| †m Zvi n‡Ri md‡ii D‡j −L K‡i e‡j- ÔAvwg 1912 mv‡j wgmi †Mjvg| Avi, †mLvb †_‡K n‡R †Mjvg| wRÏvq Avgvi gvZvgn Avgvi mv‡_ mv¶vr Ki‡jb| Gici mivmwi Avgiv g°vq P‡j †Mjvg| cÖ_g w`b Avgiv hLb ZIqv‡d iZ wQjvg, ZLb bvgv‡Ri mgq n‡q †Mj| Avwg wd‡i hvevi B”Qv Kijvg, wKš‘ wf‡oi Kvi‡Y iv —v eÜ n‡q †Mj Ges bvgvR ïi“ n‡q †Mj| Ggwb Ae¯’vq Avgvi bvbv Avgv‡K bvgvR co‡Z Av‡`k Ki‡jb| Zv‡Z Avgiv bvgvR c‡o wbjvg| AZtci hLb Avgiv N‡i co‡Z cÖ ‘wZ wbjvg hv AKvw`qvbx‡`i wcQ‡b Av`vq I MÖnY‡hvM¨ b‡n| Avgiv uvwo‡q †m bvgvR c‡o wbjvg| Avgiv GiƒcB KiZvg| AwaKvsk †¶‡Î Avgiv N‡iB bvgvR coZvg Ges KLbI Rvgv‡Zi bvgvR †kl nIqv ch©š— wej¤^ KiZvg| Zvici uvwo‡q Avgv‡`i Rvgv‡Zi mv‡_ bvgvR Av`vq KiZvg| †Kvb

†Kvb mgq Avgv‡`i mv‡_ AKvw`qvbxiv kixK n‡q †hZ| (†Kbbv Zviv RvbZ bv †h, Giv we‡`ªvnx I ag©vš—wiZ `j) AZtci e‡j- hLb Avgiv n‡Ri mdi †k‡l †`‡k cÖZ¨veZ©b Kijvg, ZLb †Kvb GKRb Avgv‡`i cÖ_g Ljxdv byi“Ïxb‡K wR‡Ám Kij GKRb Kvw`qvbx AKvw`qvbxi †cQ‡b bvgv‡Ri e¨vcv‡i wK Ki‡e? Dˇi Ljxdv ej‡jb, hw` AKvw`qvbxi †cQ‡b bvgvR cov msMZ g‡b K‡i Z‡e Zvi †cQ‡b bvgvR c‡o wb‡e| Z‡e cybivq Dnv c‡o wb‡e| (gvngy` Avng` wjwLZ Avqbv‡q Qv`vKvZ, 91c„t) GUvB nj Zv‡`i bvgv‡Ri ^iƒc, hv KLbI KLbI Zviv mvaviY gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_

cÖZviYvi D‡Ï‡k¨ c‡o _v‡K| ïay G ch©š—B b‡n, eis

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Kvw`qvbx‡`i wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q Zviv †hb mvaviY fv‡e gymjgvb‡`i m‡½ mKj m¤úK© wQbœ K‡i| Zviv †hb gymjgvb‡`i Abyôv‡b Ges Zv‡`i my‡L yt‡L AskMÖnY bv K‡i| †Kbbv, Kvw`qvbxiv cweÎ Avi gymjgvbiv AcweÎ| Kv‡RB Acwe‡Îi mv‡_ cweÎ Ges Kv‡d‡ii mv‡_ †gvwg‡bi wgwjZ nIqv mgxPxb b‡n| fÊbex Kvw`qvbx e‡j: G m¤úK© †h Avgiv wQbœ K‡iwQ Zv Avgv‡`i c¶ †_‡K Kwiwb eis Avj −vni wb‡ ©‡k K‡iwQ| ( ^fveZB wZwb n‡eb Kvw`qvbx‡`i Avj −vn, RMrevmxi Avj−vn b‡nb) †m Av‡iv e‡j- Avgvi beyq‡Zi A ^xKvi Kiv Ae ’vq G‡`i mv‡_ m¤úK© ivLvi D`vniY nj GB †h, LuvwU ya‡K yM©Ügq weK…Z y‡ai mv‡_ wgwk‡q ivLv| (Avwg Rvwb bv, †m LuvwU ya e‡j Kv‡`‡i D‡Ïk¨ K‡i‡Q) G Kvi‡YB Avgiv G me m¤ú‡K©i cÖ‡qvRb †eva Kwi bv| (†Mvjv‡gi Dw³ hv ÒZvknx yj AvRnvbÓ bvgK MÖ‡š’ 8g LÊ 4_ b¤^i 311 c„: D‡j −wLZ|) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q: †Zvgiv weevn kv`x I Ab¨vb¨ Abyôv‡b gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ AskMÖnY Ki‡e bv Ges Zv‡`i RvbvRvi bvgvRI co‡e bv| †Kbbv, Zv‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡`i †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| hLb G‡`i mv‡_ Avgv‡`i mKj m¤úK© I bvgvR wew”Qbœ Ges G‡`i Kv‡Q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q †KvbB ¸i“Z¡ iv‡L bv| ZLb G‡`i g„‡Zi Dci Avgv‡`i bvgvR Av`vq Kivi AeKvk Avi †Kv_vq _v‡K? (Bgv‡gi evYx hv Avj dRj cwÎKvq 18B Ryb 1916 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ) G R‡b¨B, hLb Avgv‡`i †Kvb GKRb wØZxq Ljxdv‡K wR‡Ám Kij- gymjgvb wkïi Dci RvbvRvi bvgvR cov wK ˆea? †Kbbv †m wb®úvc Ges fwel¨‡Z †eu‡P _vK‡j †m Kvw`qvbx nevi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| Dˇi wØZxq Ljxdv ej‡jb Zvi RvbvRvi bvgvR cov h‡e bv| †hgb wLª÷vb wkï‡`i wb®úvc nIqv m‡Ë¡I RvbvRvi bvgvR cov hvq bv| (gvngy Avng‡`i Wvqix hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj dR‡j 23 A‡±vei 1922 L„: cÖPvwiZ n‡q‡Q) Zvi AvbIqvi“j †LjvdZ bvgK

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cyw¯—Kvi 93 c„: †m wj‡L‡Q- ÔGKwU cÖkœ i‡q †Mj †h gymjgvb‡`i wkï‡`i Dci RvbvRvi bvgvR cov wK Rv‡qR? Avwg eje, Rv‡qR b‡n, †hgb wn› y I wLª÷vb wkï‡`i Dci RvbvRvi bvgvR Rv‡qR b‡n| †Kbbv, wkïi ag© Zvi gvZv-wcZviB ag©, †m Zvi gvZv-wcZvi AbyMvgxÕ| GB‡Zv wQj gymwjg wkï‡`i e¨vcvi| Avi, ^qs eq¯‹ gymjgvb‡`i Dci Rvbvhvi bvgv‡Ri ûKzg wK n‡Z cv‡i? wbðqB Zv‡`i g‡Z GUv ˆea n‡e bv| †Kbbv, Kv‡diMY gymjgvb‡`i RvbvRvi bvgvR c‡o bv| ZvB, Ab¨‡`i Zzjbvq Giv Pig Kv‡di nIqv m‡Ë¡ †Kgb K‡i co‡Z cv‡i? cÖKvk _v‡K †h, †Mvjvg Avng‡`i cÖ_g Ljxdv byi“Ïxb e‡j‡Q: gymjgvb‡`i Dci RvbvRvi bvgvR cov ˆea b‡n| Z‡e, gvmxn (†Mvjvg Avng`) gymjgvb‡`i Dci †h RvbvRvi bvgvR co‡Zb, Dnv `vIqv‡Zi cÖv_wgK hy‡M wQj| †hgb bex Kixg Bmjv‡gi cÖv_wgK hy‡M Kv‡di‡`i Dci RvbvRvi bvgvR co‡Zb| (Avj dRj 29‡k GwcÖj 1916 L„:) GgbwK, beyq‡Zi `vwe`vi Kvw`qvbx Zvi wbR cy‡Îi RvbvRvi bvgvR c‡owb, ïay G Kvi‡YB †h, †m Zvi Dci Cgvb Av‡b wb Ges gymjgvb Ae ’vq gviv wM‡q‡Q| †m Zvi Acivci fvB‡qi b¨vq ag©vš—wiZ nqwb| (AvbIqvi“j †LjvdZ 91 c„:) G e¨vcv‡i Zviv AviI K‡VviZv Aej¤^b K‡i GZ wb‡æ †cuŠ‡Q †M‡Q †h, †h e¨w³ beyq‡Zi `vwe`vi Kvw`qvbxi bvg ï‡bwb Ges Zvi åvš— `vIqv‡Zi K_v ï‡bwb ZviI RvbvRvi bvgvR co‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Q| †hgb, Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj dRj 6‡g 1915 L„: msL¨vq cÖKvk K‡i‡Q †h, Ôhw` H e¨w³ m¤^‡Ü wR‡Ám Kiv nq †h, Ggb ¯’v‡b gviv wM‡q‡Q †hLv‡b Kvw`qvbx `vIqvZ †cuŠ‡Qwb, Zvi e¨vcv‡i wK Ki‡Z n‡e? AZtci †mLv‡b †Kvb GK Kvw`qvbx †cuŠ‡Qvj, †m wK Zvi RvbvRvi bvgvR co‡e? Dˇi Avgiv ewj, Rv‡ni e¨ZxZ Avgiv wKQy Rvwb bv| Avi , Zvi e¨vcv‡i Rv‡ni nj GB †h, †m Ggb Ae ’vq gviv wM‡q‡Q †h †m Avj−vni ivm~j I bex‡K

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wP‡b wb| Kv‡RB Avgiv Zvi RvbvRvi bvgvR coe bv| Ggb wK †h e¨w³ Kvw`qvbx n‡q I gymjgvb‡`i wcQ‡b bvgvR c‡o Ges Zv‡`i mv‡_ KvR Kvievi K‡i Zvi RvbvRvi bvgvRI cov hv‡e bv | †Kbbv, G e¨w³I Zvi Kvh©Kjv‡ci Øviv Kvw`qvbx a‡g©i ewnf©~Z n‡q †M‡Q| (†Mvjv‡gi cyÎ I Zvi Ljxdv gvngy Avng‡`i cÎ hv 1936 mv‡j 13 GwcÖj Avj dRj cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ|) Z ycwi gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ ing‡Zi †`vqv Kiv hv‡e bv| †hgb `yRb Kvw`qvbx gydZx‡K hLb wR‡Ám Kiv nj: †Kvb AKvw`qvbx gviv †M‡j Kvw`qvbx e¨w³ Ôivwngvûj−vnÕ I ÔAv`Lvjvûj RvbœvnÕ ej‡Z cv‡i wK? Dˇi Zviv ejj bv| †Kbbv, Zv‡`i Kzdzix cÖKvk¨| ZvB, Zv‡`i Rb¨ ¶gv cÖv_©bv Kiv hv‡e bv| (dZIqv iIkb Avjx I gynv¤§` miIi, Avj dRj cwÎKv 8 †deªyqvwi 1921 L„:) G Øviv cÖZxqgvb nq †h, gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ ¶gv cÖv_©bv I Zv‡`i †e‡n‡ — cÖ‡ek Kiv Kvw`qvbx‡`i †`vqvi Dci wbf©i K‡i| hw` Zviv gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ ¶gv cÖv_©bv bv K‡i Z‡e gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ †e‡n‡¯—i `iRv †Lvjv n‡e bv | Rvwb bv GZ wKQyi ciI †Kb Zviv Bmjv‡gi `vwei Dci AUj _vK‡Q Ges gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ cÖZviYv Ki‡Q| eis exi‡Z¡i `vwe nj GB †h, Zviv †hb G K_v †NvlYv K‡i †`q †h, Zviv gymjgvb b‡n, gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ Zv‡`i †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| Ges Bmjvg a‡g©i Avov‡j †hb Zviv AvZ¥‡Mvcb bv K‡i| eis Zv‡`i ^Zš¿ Øxb I bZzb a‡g©i K_v cÖKv‡k¨ †NvlYv K‡i †`q| †hgb Zv‡`i fvZ…e„›` evnvqx m¤úÖ vq K‡i‡Q| hviv eZ©gvb mKj ag© †_‡K m¤ú~Y© wew”Qbœ nIqvi †NvlYv w`‡q‡Q| GUvB Zv‡`i Rb¨ wVK I †kÖq: nZ| wKš‘ ÒKvw`qvbxiv nj mvgªvR¨ev‡`i G‡R›UÓ bvgK cÖe‡Ü †hgb Avgiv D‡j−L K‡iwQ G‡`i D‡Ïk¨ nj Bmjv‡gi cÖK…Z iƒc cwieZ©b Ges gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ Zv‡`i ag© wek¦v‡mi e¨vcv‡i m‡›`n m„wó Kiv, UvKv, cqmv DcvR©b, mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i †mev, Bmjv‡gi QÙvei‡Y Avwd«Kv I Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k evwZj

42

`vIqv‡Zi cÖmvi Ges mvaviY gymjgvbw`M‡K cÖZvwiZ Kiv| Ab¨_vq, Zv‡`i AvKx`v nj GB †h, Zviv gymjgvb‡`i wcQ‡b bvgvR cov Ges gymjgvb‡`i Dci RvbvRv cov‡K Rv‡qR g‡b K‡i bv| m¤¢eZ: Bnv cvVK‡`i Kv‡Q bZzb †Kvb e¨vcvi b‡n| KviY, Bmjvgx cÖRvZš¿ cvwK —vb iv‡óªi cÖwZôvZv fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k gymwjg wgj−v‡Zi wn‰Zlx Kv‡q‡` AvRg gynv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn (Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv Ki“b) hLb g„Zz eiY K‡ib, ZLb ZrKvjxb cvwK —v‡bi ciivóª gš¿x Rvdi Dj −vn Lvb Kvw`qvbx Zvi RvbvRvq AskMÖnY K‡iwb| Bnvi KviY my¯úó †h, Kv‡q‡` AvRg Zvi g‡Z Kv‡di wQ‡jb| †h‡nZz wZwb gynnv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Abymvix wQ‡jb Ges Zvi D¤§ZMY‡K mvgªvR¨ev‡`i Kej †_‡K gy³ K‡iwQ‡jb| A_P †mB Rvdi“j−vn wQj gyiZv` I mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i G‡R›U I Zvi Bgvg †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx e‡j‡Q: Avj −vn ZvÔAvjv Avgvi Dci Bjnvg K‡i‡Qb †h, †h e¨w³ †Zvgvi AbymiY Ki‡e bv Avi †Zvgvi we‡ivwaZv Ki‡e †m Avj−vn I Zvi ivm~‡ji we‡ivax Ges †`vR‡L cÖ‡ekKvix| (†gÔBqvi“j AvLBqvi 8g c„:) Avi Zvi Bgv‡gi cyÎ I cÖwZwbwa e‡j‡Q, †h e¨w³ †Mvjvg Avng` †K wek¦vm Ki‡e bv †m Kv‡di, hw`I Zvi Kv‡Q Kvw`qvbx‡`i `vIqvZ bv †cuŠ‡Q _v‡K| GRb¨B Zviv gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ weevn-kvw` ˆea g‡b K‡i bvÕ| gvngy` Avng` Zvi wKZve ÔeiK‡Z †LjvdZÕ Gi 75 c„ôvq D‡j−wLZ Zvi fvl‡Y †NvlYv w`‡q‡Q †h, †Kvb Kvw`qvbxi c‡¶ Zvi †g‡q‡K AKvw`qvbxi Kv‡Q weevn †`qv ˆea b‡n| KviY GUv cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni (†Mvjvg Avng`) K‡Vvi wb‡ ©k| †m Av‡iv D‡j −L K‡i‡Q: †h e¨w³ Zvi †g‡q‡K AKvw`qvbxi Kv‡Q weevn †`‡e †m Avgv‡`i Rvgv‡Zi Aš—f©y³ b‡n, hZB †m Kvw`qvbx a‡g©i `vwe`vi †nvK| GgbwK, Avgv‡`i Abymvixi Rb¨ DwPZ b‡n G ai‡bi †Kvb weevn-kv`xi Abyôv‡b †hvM`vb KivÕ (Avj-dRj 23‡k †g 1931L„t)|

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AwaKš‘, Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔAvj wnK‡gÕ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q †h, gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ weevn-kv`xi †ejvq GK_v j¶ ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Zv‡`i Kv‡Q †Kvb †g‡q weevn †`qv hv‡e bv| Z‡e Zv‡`i †g‡q weevn Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †Kbbv, Zviv Avn‡j wKZv‡ei Abyiƒc| myZivs Avgiv Avgv‡`i †g‡q †`e bv eis Zv‡`i †g‡q Avgiv MÖnY Kie| †hiƒc e¨envi Avn‡j wKZv‡ei mv‡_ Kiv nq| Avgv‡`i Bgvg eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb †h, AKvw`qvbx gymjgvbiv nj Avn‡j wKZve| Avgv‡`i †g‡q Zv‡`i‡K `vb Kiv ˆea b‡n wKš‘ Avgv‡`i c‡¶ Zv‡`i †g‡q MÖnY Kiv ˆea n‡e| G‡Z Avgv‡`i jvfI i‡q‡Q †h, Avgv‡`i Rvgv‡Z GKRb †jvK e„w× †cj| (Avj-wnKg 14B GwcÖj 1920L„t) gvngy Avng` e‡j, Ôgymjgvb, wn› y I wkL †g‡q MÖnY Kiv Rv‡qR, wKš‘ Zv‡`i‡K †g‡q `vb Kiv ˆea b‡nÕ| (Avj-dRj 18†deª~qvix 1930L„t) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q: †Kvb Kvw`qvbx Zvi †g‡q‡K AKvw`qvbxi Kv‡Q weevn †`‡e bv| hw` †`q Zvi D`vniY nj, †hgb nv`x‡m ewY©Z Av‡Q Ò†Kvb †RbvKvix hLb †m †Rbv K‡i ZLb †m gywgb _v‡K bvÓ| (Avj-dRj 26 RyjvB 1922L„t) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q, †h e¨w³ gymjgvb‡`i Kv‡Q †g‡q weevn †`‡e, Zv‡K RvgvZ †_‡K ewn®‹vi Kiv n‡e, Ges Zv‡K Kv‡di †NvlYv †`qv n‡eÕ| ( Avj dRj 4B †g 1922L„t) 6B †m‡Þ¤i Zvwi‡L 1934 L„: Avj dRj cwÎKvq cuvPRb †jvK‡K RvgvZ †_‡K G Aciv‡ai Kvi‡Y ewn®‹v‡ii †NvlYv †`qv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i Aciva wQj Zviv gymjgvb‡`i Kv‡Q Zv‡`i †g‡q weevn w`‡qwQj| †NvlYvi eY©bv wQj GB, ÒAvj-gvmx‡ni wØZxq Ljxdv Avwgi“j gy‡gbx‡bi wb‡ ©k Abymv‡i D‡j−wLZ bv‡gi †jvK w`M‡K RvgvZ †_‡K ewn®‹vi Kiv nj Ges G‡`i mv‡_ mKj m¤úK© wQbœ Kivi Rb¨ mevB‡K wb‡`©k †`qv †MjÓ| GgbwK, ekxi Avng` ¯úó fvlvq e¨³ K‡i‡Q- ÔAvgv‡`i bvgvR c„_K K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q, Zv‡`i Kv‡Q †g‡q weevn †`qv nvivg Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv‡`i RvbvRvq kixK n‡Z wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡QÕ| AZtci Avi wK

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Aewkó iBj †h Avgiv Zv‡`i mv‡_ KvR Kviev‡i †hvM`vb Kie| m¤úK© yÔfv‡M wef³: Øxwb I ywbqvex| Z‡e, Øxwb m¤ú‡K©i g‡a¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© nj Gev`Z Ges ywbqvex m¤ú‡K©i g‡a¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© nj G weevn kvw`i m¤úK©| AZGe Zv‡`i mv‡_ Gev`Z Kiv Ges weevn m~‡Î Ave× nIqv Avgv‡`i Rb¨ nvivg K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| hw` cÖkœ K‡ib †h, Avcbviv Kxfv‡e Zv‡`i †g‡q MÖnY Kivi AbygwZ †`b? Dˇi eje †hgb Avgiv wLª÷vb‡`i †g‡q MÖnY Kivi AbygwZ †`B, Avi hw` cÖkœ K‡ib- †Kb Avcbviv Zv‡`i‡K mvjvg K‡ib? Dˇi eje- ivm~j Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Bqvû`xMY‡K mvjvg w`‡Zb| mviK_v nj GB †h, Avgv‡`i Bgvg Zv‡`i Ges Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ mew`K †_‡K cv_©K¨ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| (ekxi Avng‡`i KvwjgvZzi dvQj hv wiwfD Ae wiwjwRI‡b mwbœ‡ewkZ) †n Kvcyi“‡liv! †Zvgiv †Kb G KcUZv Aej¤^b KiQ? Avi mvaviY Rbg‡Zi m¤§y‡L Bmjv‡gi gy‡Lvk c‡i AvQ? Ges †Kb †Zvgv‡`i Amr c~e©eZ©x‡`i b¨vq gymjgvb‡`i wei“‡× †Zvgv‡`i wnsmv we‡Øl cÖKvk KiQ bv? †Kgb K‡i †Zvgiv eo †Pv‡ii civgk©vbyhvqx c`©vi Aš—iv‡j †_‡K RMrevmx‡K cÖZviYv KiQ? †m e‡jwQj Ò†Zvgvi ^Y©, †Zvgvi MgbvMgb I †Zvgvi ag©‡K †Mvcb ivL|Ó GUv Zviv K‡iwQj Ac`¯—Zv I jvÃbvi f‡q|1 †Zvgiv wK GB †auvKvq c‡o AvQ †h, RM`&evmx †Zvgv‡`i †Mvcb inm¨, †Zvgv‡`i wbj©¾Zv, †Zvgv‡`i eB cy¯—K I gZvgZ Rvb‡Z cvi‡e bv? Avi †Zvgiv- I‡n Avj−vn I Bmjv‡gi kΓiv,gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg I Zvi D¤§‡Zi kΓiv! fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k †Zvgv‡`i wel‡qi gy‡Lvk D‡b¥vwPZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y †Zvgiv weKj n‡q c‡o‡Q| GLb †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i cÖ‡Póv‡K Avwd«Kv I Avie we‡k¦ †K› ªxf~Z K‡iQ| †Zvgv‡`i c~e©eZ©x gwb‡ei cwiKíbv Abyhvqx ¸ßPie„wË 7 evnvqx a‡g©i cÖwZôvZv I beyI‡Zi fÊ`vex`vi evnvDj−vni BjnvgvZ|

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I wdZbv dvmv` m„wói D‡Ï‡k¨ | A_P AZx‡Z †Zvgv‡`i Ljxdv cÖKvk K‡i‡Q †h, †m gymjgvb‡`i kΓ| †m Zvi `j‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i GK`v ej‡Q- Avgiv fviZe‡l© Av`g ïgvix Abyhvqx cuPvËi nvRvi †jvK AvwQ| wKš‘ GZ m‡Ë¡I gymjgvb‡`i Zzjbvq Avgv‡`i ^íZv †Kvb ¸i“Z¡ iv‡L bv| †Kbbv, Avgv‡`i GKRb wbôvevb gywgb GK nvRvi gymjgv‡bi Dci weRqx n‡e| (nvq‡i exiZ¡) Avi, mg — we‡k¦i gymjgv‡bi msL¨v cuPvËi wgwjq‡bi †ewk b‡n| (nvq‡i wnmve! nvq‡i wg_¨vPvi) Zvi A_© G `uvovq †h, mgy`q gymjgvb Avgv‡`i Zzjbvq AwaK kw³kvjx b‡n| Zviv Avgv‡`i Dci weRqx n‡Z cvi‡e bv, eis AvgivB Zv‡`i Dci weRqx neÕ| (A_©vr gnvb Bs‡iR miKv‡ii Ki“Yvq|) Avj-dRj cwÎKv 21‡k Ryb 1934 L„:| gymjgvb‡`i cÖwZ Zv‡`i Aš—‡i †h †µva I wnsmv-we‡Øl wbwnZ i‡q‡Q, GK_v¸‡jv Dnvi GKwU wPÎ Zz‡j ai‡Q| BwZc~‡e© hLb ZzwK© gymwjg kw³i mwnZ cÂg R‡R©i A_©vr Kv‡di kw³i msNl© †eu‡awQj, ZLb Zv‡`i wØZxq Ljxdv e‡jwQj- ÔAvgiv cÂg R‡R©i mv‡_ AvwQÕ| †Kbbv, wZwb eZ©gvb Ljxdv| (Avj- dRj cwÎKv 26 †k RyjvB 1930 L„:) weªwUkiv hLb c¨v‡jóvB‡b cÖ‡ek K‡i, ZLb Zv‡`i cÖksmvq †m GKwU cÖeÜI wj‡LwQj| eZ©gv‡b BmivBjxiv mgMÖ Bmjvg RM‡Zi cÖavb kΓ| Avi GB BmivB‡ji mv‡_B Kvw`qvbx‡`i ü`¨Zvc~Y© I my „p m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| GUv ïay G Kvi‡YB †h, Zviv DfqB `ÔwU wel‡q GKgZ| GKUv nj Bmjv‡gi we‡ivwaZv I Gi cÖwZ we‡Øl †cvlY Ges AciwU nj mvgªvR¨ev‡`i `vjvwj| G m¤ú‡K© Ggb gvÎvq †cuŠ‡Q‡Q †h, BmivB‡ji †cÖwm‡W›U e¨w³MZ mv¶vrKvi `v‡b Zv‡`i‡K m¤§vwbZ K‡ib| Avi, G mKj mv¶vrKv‡i wK †h lohš¿ i‡q‡Q Zv mK‡jiB †evaMg¨| ¶z ª BmivBj iv‡óªi †bZv Kv‡K m¤§vb w`‡Z cv‡i? BmivBjx KZ©…c¶ †Kb I‡`i‡K wk¶v cÖwZôvb I †K› ª cÖwZôvi Rb¨

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RvqMv cÖ vb Kij? BmivBj wK †Kvb `j‡K †K› ª †Lvjvi AbygwZ w`‡Z cv‡i, hw` Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨vejx I‡`i D‡Ïkvejxi mwnZ hy³ bv nq? BmivBj webv g~‡j¨ wK Avw_©K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i? Avi GUv wK Am¤¢e K_v †h, Bmjvgx ivóªmg~‡n ¸ßPi e„wËi g~j¨ I‡`i †_‡K Av`vq K‡i †bq? cÖ_gZ: Zviv me‡P‡q eo †h †L`gZ Av`vq Ki‡Q Zv, nj Zviv gynv¤§` Aviex †_‡K Avie‡`i‡K wew”Qbœ Kivi †Póv Ki‡Q| †h Ava¨vwZ¥K m¤úK© Zv‡`i ewnwe©‡k¦i fvB‡`i‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i Dnv wQbœ Ki‡Q Ges †Rnv‡`i †PZbv Zv‡`i Aš—i †_‡K †ei K‡i w`‡”Q| (ÒAvgv‡`i g‡Z †Rnv` m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c wbwl×Ó Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv: wiwfD Ae wiwjwRIÝ 1902 L„:) Gi †P‡q A™¢yZ e¨vcvi nj, BmivB‡ji g‡a¨ ïay AwaK…Z c¨v‡jóvBb iv‡óªi †K›`ª b‡n, eis mgy`q Avie iv‡óªi †K›`ª †mLv‡b i‡q‡Q| †mLvb †_‡K Zv‡`i cÖPvicÎ mKj Avie †`k¸‡jv‡Z †cÖiY Kiv nq| †hgb, Kvw`qvbxiv wb‡RivB Zv ^xKvi K‡i‡Q| mgq mgq †mLvbKvi Kvw`qvbx‡`i ZrciZvi

msev` BmivBj †eZvihš¿ †_‡K cÖPvi Kiv nq| Kvw`qvbxiv Zv‡`i ÒgviKvhybv wdj Lv‡iRÓ bvgK MÖ‡š’ hv cÖPvi K‡i‡Q, Zvi m¤ú~Y© DׄwZ Avgiv eY©bv KiwQ| ÒAvjgviKvRyj BmivBjxÓ wk‡ivbv‡g D‡j −L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Kvw`qvbx †K›`ª nvqdvi mvD›U Kvigv‡j Aew ’Z| H Lv‡b Avgiv GKUv gmwR`, †K‡› ªi Rb¨ GKUv Ni, mvaviY cvVK‡`i Rb¨ GKUv jvB‡eªwi, eB wewµi Rb¨ GKUv jvB‡eªwi I GKwU we`¨vj‡qi gvwjK| †K› ª ÒeykivÓ bvgK GKwU gvwmK cwÎKv cÖKvk K‡i| wÎkwU Avie †`‡k G cwÎKv cÖPvi Kiv nq| cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn (†Mvjvg) Gi AwaKvsk cy —K mg~n G †K‡› ªi mvnv‡h¨ Aviex‡Z Abyev` Kiv nq| GB Kvw`qvbx †K›`ªwU c¨v‡jóvBb wefw³i Kvi‡Y bvbvfv‡e cÖfvewš^Z n‡q‡Q, †hme gymjgvb BmivB‡j i‡q wM‡qwQj Zviv GB †K› ª †_‡K AZ¨waK DcK…Z n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i †K›`ªwU G‡`i †L`g‡Zi †Kvb my‡hvMB bó

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K‡i wb| wKQyw`b c~‡e© GB †K‡› ªi GKwU cÖwZwbwa `j nvBdv K‡c©v‡ik‡bi †gq‡ii mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡i Ges Zvi mv‡_ A‡bK wel‡q gZwewbgq K‡i| nvBdvi †gqi Avgv‡`i Rb¨ ÔKvevexiÕ bvgK ¯’v‡b †hLv‡b A‡bK Kvw`qvbx emevm K‡i GKwU we`¨vjq ’vc‡b Zvi cÖ ‘wZi K_v Rvbv‡jb | Kvevex‡i Avgv‡`i mwnZ cybivq mv¶vrKv‡ii cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡jb| Gici K_vbyhvqx wZwb Ggb Pvi e¨w³‡K wb‡q Avm‡jb, hviv nvBdv‡Z Avgv‡`i cwiwPZ| Avgv‡`i RvgvZ I we`¨vj‡qi QvÎiv Zv‡`i‡K Af¨_©bv Rvbvj Ges Zv‡`i‡K msea©bvi Rb¨ GKwU we‡kl mfv AbywôZ Kij| †divi c~‡e© Zviv mv¶vrKvi †iwRw÷ª‡Z Zv‡`i cÖwZwµqv e¨³ Kij| BmivBj iv‡óª Avgv‡`i †h gh©v`v i‡q‡Q Zv †QvU GKwU welq Øviv cvVK eM© Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| Avgv‡`i GKRb gyev‡j−M †PŠayix gynv¤§` kixd 1956 mv‡j BmivBj †_‡K cvwK¯—vb †divi B”Qv Ki‡j BmivBj iv‡óªi cÖavb Zvi Kv‡Q `~Z cvVv‡jb †hb wZwb BmivBj ivóª Z¨vM Kivi c~‡e© Zvi mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡ib| myZivs gyev‡j−M G my‡hvM‡K GKwU MwbgZ g‡b Kij Ges Rvg©vwb fvlvq Abyw`Z GKLÊ KziAvb Zv‡K Dcnvi w`j| wZwb Dnv AwZ Avb‡›`i mwnZ MÖnY Ki‡jb| BmivBjx cwÎKvmg~‡n G mv¶vrKv‡ii we¯—vwiZ weeiY cÖKvk Kiv nq Ges †iwWI gvidZ Dnv cÖPvi Kiv nq| (D‡j−wLZ cy —K 79 c„ôv) GUvB nj gymjgvb‡`i mv‡_ G‡`i m¤ú‡K©i I gymjgvb‡`i Pig kΓ‡`i mv‡_ GB gyiZv` m¤úÖ v‡qi fv‡jvevmvi cÖK…Z iƒc| Zviv `LjK…Z f~wg Ges KÆi Bû`x mvgªvR¨ev`x ivóª †K gymjgvb‡`i aŸsm I webvk mva‡bi Rb¨ †K› ª wbe©vPb K‡i Zv‡`i ¯v‡_© mwVK wm×vš— MÖnY K‡i‡Q| †Kbbv, GBfv‡e Zviv gymjgvb‡`i cig kΓ I K‡Vvi we‡Ølx †jvK‡`i KvQ †_‡K kw³i †RvMvb jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i| GLvb †_‡KB cvVK Bmjvg I gymjgvb‡`i cÖwZ GB `‡ji kΓZvi gvÎv `yÔw`K w`‡q Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| GKwU nj

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ag©xq w`K, hv Zv‡`i cy¯—‡Ki g~j DׄwZmn c~‡e© D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| AciwU ivR‰bwZK w`K, hv D‡j−wLZ e³‡e¨i Øviv Av‡iv ¯úó cÖgvwYZ nj| Avj−vn cvK we‡Ølx `yó‡`i nvZ †_‡K Zuvi Øxb‡K i¶v Ki“b| Z…Zxq cÖeÜ beyq‡Zi `vwe`vi Kvw`qvbx KZ©…K mvnvev‡q †Kivg I bexM‡Yi Aegvbbv|1 ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg e‡j‡Qb: ÒwKqvgZ Kv‡qg n‡e bv †h ch©š— bv wÎkRb `v¾vj †ei n‡e| Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K wb‡R‡K Avj−vni ivm~j e‡j `vwe Ki‡eÓ| Avi GK †iIqv‡q‡Z Av‡Q, ÒAvwg †kl bex, Avgvi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex Avm‡e bvÓ|2 ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg mZ¨B e‡j‡Qb| Avi, wZwb cÖe„wËi ekeZ©x n‡q †Kvb K_v e‡jb bv| hv e‡jb Zv Zvi cÖwZ Inx ev cÖZ¨v‡`‡ki gva¨‡gB e‡jb| G mKj `v¾v‡ji g‡a¨ cÖ_g kZvãxi cÖavb `v¾vj wQj gymvBjvgvZzj Kv¾ve| Avi, PZz ©k kZvãxi `v¾vj nj †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx| DfqB bex I ivm~j nIqvi `vwe‡Z HK¨Zv cÖKvk K‡i| wKš‘ wØZxqwU Zvi åvwš—‡Z AwaKZi AMÖmi n‡q mKj bex ivm~‡ji Dci wb‡Ri †kÖô‡Z¡i `vwe

1- GB cÖeÜwU 1386 wnt m‡b Ônv`vivZzj BmjvgÕ g¨vMvwR‡bi 8g msLvq cÖKvwkZ nq| 2- Avey-`vD`, wZiwghx †_‡K ewY©Z| AwaKvsk Kvw`qvbx GB n`xm‡K A¯xKvi K‡i‡Q GB e‡j †h, nv`x‡m †h wÎk `v¾v‡ji K_v ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zb¥‡a¨ Avgv‡`i ¸jvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx Aš—f©y³ bq wÎk `v¾v‡ji AvMgY †kl n‡q †M‡Q| GB A¯^xK…wZi K‡qKwU Reve i‡q‡Q GLv‡b msw¶ßvKv‡i `yÔwUi D‡j−L KiwQ| cÖ_gZt Av‡jvP¨ ÒAvvgvi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex Avm‡e bvÓ ev‡K¨ A¯^xK…wZi †Kvb †Rv †bB| wØZxqZt nvwdR Be‡b nvRvi dZûj evix‡Z G nv`x‡mi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb- GB nv`x‡mi Øviv ivmyjyj −vni ci beyI‡Zi `vex`vi gvÎ D‡Ïk¨ bq| beyI‡Zi `vex`vi †Zv AMwYZ, G‡`i AwaKvskB weK…Z gw —¯‹ I AcÖK…wZ¯—| GB nv`xm Øviv Ggb fÊbex‡`i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q hviv beyI‡Zi `vex Ki‡e Ges gvby‡li g‡a¨ cÖfve †dj‡Z cvi‡e| (dvZûj evix-6g LÛ 455c„ôv)

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K‡i‡Q Ges Zuv‡`i Aegvbbv K‡i Zuv‡`i m¤§v‡bi Dci AvNvZ †n‡b‡Q| KvD‡K Mvwj w`‡q‡Q Ges Kv‡iv wb›`v K‡i‡Q| Abyiƒc fv‡e †m †e‡n¯— evmx hyeK‡`i †bZ…Øq nvmvb I ûmvB‡bi Ges ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi mnvbyf~wZkxj AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb I IRxi؇qi m¤§v‡bi Dci AvµgY K‡i‡Q| Bmjv‡gi cZvKvevnx Ges ivm~‡ji mybœ‡Zi cÖPviKvix cweÎ mvnvexMY iv. AvÔB¤§v‡q gyRZvwn`xb, AvDwjqv‡q D¤§Z I g‡bvbxZ gwblxMY‡K Zviv wb‡e©va AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Q| Zv m‡Ë¡I Kvw`qvbxiv wb‡R‡`i‡K gymjgvb g‡b K‡i Ges gymjgvb‡`i mv_x e‡j aviYv K‡i| Avi, gymjgvbiv †h ag© wek¦vm iv‡L ZvivI †m a‡g© wek¦vm iv‡L e‡j `vweK‡i| gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ Ggb †K Av‡Q, †h nhiZ Avey eKi ,Igi, Imgvb I Avjx iv. †_‡K KvD‡K †kÖô e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Z cv‡i? gymjgvb‡`i Ggb †Kvb Bgvg Av‡Q whwb wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Avj −vni `iev‡i Bgvg nvmvb I ûmvB‡bi Zzjbvq cieZ©x‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨ †Kn AwaK D”P gh©v`vm¤úbœ n‡e? wek¦ gymwj‡gi g‡a¨ Ggb †K Av‡Q, †h, aviYv Ki‡Z cv‡i †h, Ggb †Kvb e¨w³ Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Q †h gvbe †kÖô I Av`g mš—v‡bi m ©vi n‡Z AwaK gh©v`vevb? bv, Ggb †Kn †bB| myZivs †K Av‡Q Ggb †h gymjgvb n‡q Ggb Dw³ Ki‡Z cv‡i? Avj−vni kc_, whwb gynv¤§`‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb Ges mg — m„wói Dci Zuv‡K †kÖôZ¡ `vb K‡i‡Qb, Avi, Zuvi mv_x‡`i Dci mš‘ó n‡q‡Qb, Ggb `vwe †Kn Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| AZtci, gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ Ggb †K Av‡Q, †h G Kíbv Ki‡Z cv‡i †h, gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ †Kvb e¨w³ bex I ivm~j‡K Mvwj w`‡Z cv‡i , Zuv‡`i wb›`v Ki‡Z cv‡i? Avmyb, GLb Avgiv beyq‡Zi `vwe`vi Kvw`qvbxi Av‡jvPbv Kwi| †m D¤§‡Z gynv¤§`xi Ijx‡`i D‡j−L K‡i e‡j, ÔG‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB †h, gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi D¤§‡Zi g‡a¨ nvRvi nvRvi Ijx Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘, Avgvi mgvb †Kn †bB|

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(†Mvjv‡gi ÒZvR‡KivZzk kvnv`vZvBbÓ 29 c„:) Bgvg nvmvb I ûmvB‡bi iv. K_v D‡j−L K‡i e‡j †h, gymjgvbiv Avgvi Dci G Rb¨ ivMvwš^Z †h, Avwg wb‡R‡K Bgvg ûmvB‡bi Dci †kÖôZ¡ †`B| A_P, KziAv‡b Zuvi bv‡gi D‡j−L †bB, eis hv‡q‡`i bvg Av‡Q| ûmvBb hw` †kÖô n‡Zb Z‡e, KziAv‡b Zuvi bv‡gi D‡j−L _vKZ| Avi, wcZ…‡Z¡i m¤^Ü †Zv Avj−vni G evYx Øviv wQbœ n‡q †M‡Q, Ògynv¤§` †Zvgv‡`i ga¨ n‡Z †Kvb cyi“‡li wcZv b‡nb, eis wZwb Avj −vni GKRb ivm~j|Ó (gvjdzRv‡Z Avng`xqv 191,92 c„ôv) †m Av‡iv e‡j: gymjgvbiv Avgvi mgv‡jvPbv K‡i †h, Avwg wb‡R‡K nvmvb I ûmvB‡bi Dci †kÖôZ¡ `vb K‡iwQ| Dˇi Avwg ewj †h, nuv, Avwg wb‡R‡K Zv‡`i Dci †kÖôZ¡ cÖ vb Kwi| AwP‡iB Avj −vn ZvÔAvjv G †kÖôZ¡ cÖKvk K‡i w`‡eb| (†Mvjvg iwPZ cy —K ÒGRv‡R Avngw`qvÓ 58 c„:) AwaKš‘, †Mvjv‡gi cyÎ I Zvi wØZxq Ljxdv Kvw`qv‡b †h RygÔAvi LyZev w`‡qwQj Ges Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj dR‡j 1926 mv‡ji 26 Rvbyqvwi cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj, Dnv‡Z †m e‡j‡Q: ÔAvgvi wcZv ej‡Qb: GKkZ ûmvBb Avgvi c‡K‡U i‡q‡Q| gvbyl Gi A_© GB ey‡S †h wZwb GKkZ ûmvB‡bi mgvb| wKš‘ Avwg Av‡iv AwaK ewj †h, Øx‡bi †L`g‡Zi Rb¨ Avgvi wcZvi GK N›Uvi KzievYx GKkZ ûmvB‡bi KzievYxi †P‡q DËg| Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj-wnK‡g cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q †h, ÔcyivZb wLjvdZ wb‡q Ø›Ø cwinvi Ki Ges bZzb †LjvdZ MÖnY Ki| †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ RxweZ Avjx we`¨gvb| Zv‡K †Q‡o †Zvgiv g„Z Avjxi AbymÜvb KiQÕ| (gvjdzRv‡Z Avngw`qv 1g LÊ 131 c„:) G RNb¨ wg_¨vev`x fÊbex Av‡iv AMÖmi n‡q wb‡R‡K bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi me‡P‡q wcÖq cvÎ I bexi c‡i m‡e©vËg e¨w³i Dci cÖvavb¨ w`‡q e‡j †h, Avwg H gvn`x, hvi m¤ú‡K© Be‡b mxixb‡K wRÁvmv Kiv n‡qwQj: wZwb wK Avey eK‡ii mggh©v`v m¤úbœ? Dˇi wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb- Zvi Zzjbvq Avey eK‡ii Ae ’vb †Kv_vq? eis

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wZwb †Zv †Kvb †Kvb bexi †P‡qI DËg | (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx iwPZ ÒwgÔBqvi“j AvLeviÓ hv Zvejx‡M †imvjv‡Zi 9g L‡Êi 30c„ôvi Aš—f©y³|) †Mvjv‡gi cyÎ I Zvi Ljxdv e‡j‡Q: ÔnhiZ Avey eK‡ii gh©v`v D¤§‡Z gynv¤§`xi kZ kZ †jvK AR©b K‡i‡QÕ| (gvngy Avng` iwPZ ÒnvKxK‡Z beyq¨ZÓ 152 c„:) R‰bK Kvw`qvbx wj‡L‡Q †h, †m †Kvb GK Kvw`qvbx ag© cÖPviK (†h Avn‡j evBZ A_©vr †Mvjv‡gi cwievi fy³) †_‡K GB ej‡Z ï‡b‡Q †h, †m ej‡Q, †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Zzjbvq Avey eKi I Ig‡ii Ae¯’vb †Kv_vq? Giv †Zv †Mvjv‡gi RyZv DVvevi †hvM¨vZv iv‡L bv| (G ai‡bi RNb¨ Aciva I `ytmvnwmKZv †_‡K Avj−vni Kv‡Q AvkÖq Kvgbv KiwQ|) (gynv¤§` ûmvBb Avj Kvw`qvbx KZ©…K iwPZ ÒAvj gvn`xÓ 304 b¤^i 57 c„ôv) AwZ Avð‡h©i welq GB †h, †Mvjvg Avng‡`i gZ GKRb BZi e¨w³ H mKj cweÎ e¨w³e‡M©i mv‡_ cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi `vwe K‡i hv‡`i‡K Avj −vncvK G c„w_ex‡Z _vKv Ae¯’vq †e‡n‡¯—i mymsev` w`‡q‡Qb| GB nhiZ Avey eKi I nhiZ Igi, iv. hv‡`i m¤ú‡K© gnvb ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb Òbex I imyjMY1 e¨ZxZ c~e©eZ©x I cieZ©x‡`i g‡a¨ eq¯‹ †e‡n¯—evmx‡`i mi`vi n‡jb Avey eKi I IgiÓ| bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb Ò cÖ‡Z¨K bexiB c„w_ex evmx‡`i ga¨ n‡Z `ÔRb IRxi Ges Avmgvb evmx‡`i ga¨ n‡Z yÔRb IRxi _v‡Kb| c„w_ex evmx‡`i g‡a¨ Avgvi yÔIRxi n‡jb Avey eKi I Igi iv.Ó| 2 cÖ_g e¨w³ m¤ú‡K© bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb ÒwZwb n‡jb me© cÖ_g e¨w³ hv‡K †e‡n‡ —i mKj `iRv †_‡K WvKv n‡eÓ|3

1 wZiwghx, Be‡b gvRvn I gymbv‡` Avng` 2 wZiwghx 3 eyLvix

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wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb ÒmvnPh© I m¤ú‡`i w`K w`‡q mKj †jv‡Ki g‡a¨ Avgvi cÖwZ me‡P‡q †ewk AbyMÖnkxj n‡jb Avey eKi| hw` Avwg KvD‡K GKK Avš—wiK eÜziƒ‡c MÖnY KiZvg Z‡e Avey eKi‡KB MÖnY KiZvg| Z‡e Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Bmjvgx åvZ…Z¡| G gmwR‡` Avey eK‡ii `iRv Qvov Avi Kv‡iv `iRv †Lvjv _vK‡e bv Ó1| wØZxq e¨w³ m¤ú‡K© wZwb e‡j‡Qb- ÒAvgvi ci hw` †Kvb bex n‡Zb Zv n‡j wZwb DgiB n‡ZbÓ2 ÒwbðqB Avj −vn Ig‡ii gy‡L I Aš—‡i mZ¨ we`¨gvb †i‡L‡QbÓ 3 ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb: kqZvb †Zvgv‡K †Kvb c‡_ Pj‡Z †`L‡j †m †Zvgvi c_ †Q‡o Ab¨ c‡_ P‡j hvqÓ|4 bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Av‡iv D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb †h, Ò†e‡n‡ — wZwb Ig‡ii cÖmv‡`i Kv‡QB wb‡R‡K †`‡L‡Qb|Ó 5 G mKj cyY¨evb †jvK‡`i †gvKv‡ejvq †m (Kvw`qvbx) Me© I cÖwZØw›ØZv Ki‡Q| G e¨w³wUB ev †K? †bkv‡Lvi, g`¨cvqx I cÖZviK GK e¨w³ | Avwg wbR †_‡K Zv‡K G mKj ¸Y Øviv KLbI Awfhy³ KiwQ bv, eis Kvw`qvbxiv Zvi G me ¸Y D‡j −L K‡i‡Q| †Mvjv‡gi cyÎ Zvi wØZxq Ljxdv e‡j‡Q: Jl‡ai g‡a¨ Avwdg AwaKvsk e¨envi Kiv nq| Avgvi wcZv ej‡Zb †h, Avwdg nj wPwKrmv e¨e ’vi A‡a©K| Kv‡RB Jlaiƒ‡c Bnvi e¨envi ˆea Ges Zv‡Z †Kvb †`vl †bB| Avgvi wcZv Avj −vni wb‡ ©‡k I ZË¡veav‡b wZiBqv‡K Gjvnx bvgK GKwU Jla ˆZwi KiwQ‡jb, hvi eo Ask wQj Avwdg| H Jla wZwb Zvi Ljxdv byi“Ïxb‡K w`‡Zb| wZwb I wewfbœ †iv‡Mi Rb¨ mgq mgq Zv e¨envi Ki‡ZbÕ| (gvngy Avng‡`i ÒAvj- dRjÓ cwÎKvq

4 eyLvix ,gymwjg, wZiwgRx, Be‡b gvRvn, gymbv‡` `vigx, gymbv‡` Avng`| 5 gymbv‡` Avng`, wZiwgRx| 6 Avey-`vD`, wZiwgRx, Be‡b gvRvn I Avng`| 7 eyLvix, gymwjg, I gymbv‡` Avng`| 8 eyLvix, gymwjg, wZiwgRx I gymbv‡` Avng`|

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cÖKvwkZ 19 RyjvB 1929 wLª÷vã|) †`Lyb, Zvi ¯^xKv‡ivw³, cÖZviYv I a„óZv| †m †Kgb K‡i Avwdg‡K nvjvj Ki‡Z Pvq Ges Rb mvaviY‡K w`‡q e‡j, †m Avj −vni wb‡`©‡k Bnv e¨envi Ki‡Q| A_P, gynv¤§‡`i ie ej‡Qb Ònviv‡gi g‡a¨ Av‡ivM¨ †bB|Ó Avi GUv Kxiƒc nvivg? †h nvivg †_‡K mvaviY gvbylI fq cvq| G †jvKwU †Kgb K‡i beyq‡Zi `vweK‡i Ges HmKj †jvK‡`i †gvKvwejvq Me© K‡i hviv G mKj N„wYZ AcweÎ e ‘ †_‡K Avj−vni m„wói g‡a¨ me‡P‡q cweÎ †jvK wQ‡jb| Aci GK Kvw`qvbx G fv‡e mv¶¨ cÖ vb K‡i‡Q †h, G fÊbex Avwdg‡Lvi wK bv Zv †m Rv‡b bv| †m GKRb †cÖ‡mi gvwjK| †m e‡j‡Q hLb †Mvjvg cÖ_g ev‡ii gZ Avgvi †cÖ‡m Avmj Ges †Pqv‡i e‡m H cy —K m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z jvMj hv †m Qvcv‡Z Pvq, ZLb Zvi †gvw`Z wb ªv gMœ P¶z-Øq †`‡L eyS‡Z cvijvg †h, †m fvs A_ev Avwdg e¨envi K‡i| †hgb, †m mgqKvi eo †jv‡Kiv e¨envi KiZ| wKš‘ GLb Avwg eySjvg, †h †bkv Zvi g‡a¨ Avwg †`‡LwQjvg Zv Avwdg ev fvs Gi †bkv b‡n eis Zv wQj Avj−vni gvÔ†idv‡Zi †bkv| (Avj-dRj cwÎKvq byi Avng‡`i eY©bv, 20 AvM÷ 1946 L„:) Avi g` m¤ú‡K© †Mvjvg Avng` jv‡nv‡i Zvi GK gywi‡`i Kv‡Q wj‡LwQj, ejygi bvgK e¨w³i †`vKvb †_‡K IqvBb (g`) wK‡b Zvi Kv‡Q †hb cvVvq| gywi` hLb ejygi‡K wR‡Ám Kij IqvBb wK? ejygi DËi w`j Bnv GK cÖKvi kw³kvjx †bkv`vi g` hv mxj Kiv †evZ‡j BsjvÊ †_‡K Avg`vwb Kiv nq| (Kvw`qvbx Wv³vi gynv¤§` ûmvB‡bi ÒgvKZzeyj Bgvg weBmwgj †MvjvgÓ 5c„ôv Ges Wv³vi gynv¤§` Avjx Avj-gymwj‡gi wjwLZ ÒRybybyj †MvjvgÓ 39 c„ôv) Aci GKRb Kvw`qvbx Wv³vi emviZ Avjx Avgv‡`i K_vi mZ¨Zv ¯^xKvi K‡i Ges mv¶¨ cÖ`vb K‡i e‡j‡Q †h, †Mvjvg Avng` g` cvb KiZ| †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q †h, Amy ’ Ae ’vq ÔeivwÛÕ I Ôi¨v¤úÕ1 e¨env‡i wK 1 eivwÛ I i¨vg g‡`i yÔwU cÖKvi|

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Amyweav _vK‡Z cv‡i Ges †iv‡Mi Kvi‡Y Avgvi Bgvg hw` Zv e¨envi K‡ib ev KvD‡K e¨envi Kivi AbygwZ †`b Z‡e Zv‡Z †`vl wK? Avi GUv mK‡ji Rvbv K_v †h, wZwb GKRb ye©j †jvK wQ‡jb, Zvi nvZ cv VvÛv n‡q †hZ| KLbI bvwoi ¯ú›`b †jvc †c‡q †hZ | G mKj Ae¯’vq hw` wZwb g`¨-cvb K‡ib Z‡e Zv kixqZ we‡ivax b‡n eis GUvB kixqZ| (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÒcqMv‡g mybœvnÓ 13gvP© 1935 L„:) Avj−vn cvbvn, Avj−vn cvbvn! G mKj IRi AvcwË n‡Z| Z‡e, †Kb ¯úó ejv n‡”Q bv †h, †Mvjvg Avng` Avgv‡`i‡K †h kixqZ cÖ vb K‡i‡Q Dnv‡Z g`¨-cvb ˆea| beyq‡Zi Pv`i Pzwi, Ges nhiZ Avey eKi I Ig‡ii m¤§vb ni‡Yi gZ RNb¨ Aciv‡ai ci g`¨-cv‡bi ^xKv‡ivw³‡Z Avi wK †`vl Av‡Q? nuv Igi Ggb m¤£vš—kxj gh©v`v‡eva m¤úbœ e¨w³ wQ‡jb whwb g`¨-cvb wbwl× nIqvi Dci evi evi †Rvi w`‡Zb| Ae‡k‡l, gnvb Avj−vn G AvqvZ bvwhj Ki‡jb, ÒwbðqB g`, Ryqv, g~wZ©c~Rv I jUvwii Zxi AcweÎ I kqZv‡bi KvR| myZivs †Zvgiv G¸‡jv †_‡K weiZ _vK, Aek¨B †Zvgiv mdjKvg n‡e|Ó1 GB †m `vjvj I AcgvwbZ †Mvjvg †h Zvi f³‡`i‡K evBqvZ Kv‡j G kZ©v‡ivc KiZ Zviv †hb Kv‡di Bs‡iR miKv‡ii AbyMZ I †meK nq|2 †m wb‡R‡K Ggb yÔRb knx` Bgv‡gi Dci cÖvavb¨ †`q, hv‡`i Rb¨ ^qs bex Kixg mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg wg¤^vi †_‡K AeZiY K‡i Zv‡`i‡K DwV‡q wb‡Zb Ges Zv‡`i‡K m¤§y‡L †i‡L LyZev w`‡Zb|3 Avi hv‡`i m¤ú‡K© bex Kixg e‡j‡Qb Ò†e‡n¯—evmx hyeK‡`i m ©vi n‡jb nvmvb I ûmvBb|Ó4 ïay Zv b‡n eis G RNb¨ wg_¨vev`x fÊbex †Kvb †Kvb mvnvex‡K †evKv ejZ| †m ejZ

2 myiv gv‡q`v- 90 1 †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi `vgxgv cy¯—‡Ki evwiqvn Aa¨v‡qi 9 bs c„ôv 2 wZiwgRx, bvmvqx, gymbv‡` Avng` I Avey `vD` 3 wZiwgRx, Be‡b gvRvn I gymbv‡` Avng`|

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†h, nhiZ Avey-ûivBiv iv. wb‡e©va wQ‡jb, Zvi mwVK †evakw³ wQj bv| (†Mvjv‡gi ÒGRv‡R Avng`xÓ 18c„ôv) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q: †Kvb †Kvb mvnvex wQ‡jb wb‡e©va| (ÔbQi“j nKÕ Gi cwiwkó 140 c„ôv) cÖK…Zc‡¶, †m wb‡RB wQj †evKv I g~L©| †m wb‡RB Zvi m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Q, ÔAvgvi ¯§iY kw³ LyeB LvivcÕ| †h e¨w³ K‡qKevi Avgvi mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡i‡Q, Zv‡KB Avwg fy‡j hvB| G Ae ’v GZ yi ch©š— †cuŠ‡Q‡Q hv eY©bv Kiv m¤¢e b‡n| (gvKZzev‡Z Avngw`qv 5g LÊ 21c„ôv|) Kvh©Z: Zvi wb‡e©vaZv G ch©š— †cuŠ‡Q‡Q †h, †m Kvco D‡ëv cwiavb KiZ| bx‡Pi Ask Dc‡i Ges Dc‡ii Ask bx‡P, Wvb cv‡qi RyZv evg Ges evg cv‡qi RyZv Wvb cv‡q ciZ| Zvi †evKvgx G ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡QwQj †h, B‡¯—Ävi Rb¨ Zvi c‡K‡U ivLv gvwUi †Xjv †m wgwó g‡b K‡i †L‡q †djZ| GB †Zv Zv‡`iB ¯úó e³e¨, Zvi cyÎ ekxi Avng` Kvw`qvbx e‡j †h, Wvt gynv¤§` BmgvBj Kvw`qvbx Avgv‡K e‡j‡Qb: ÔAvgv‡`i Bgvg GZB mvavwm‡a wQ‡jb, K_bI KLbI wZwb cuvqZviv cwiavb Ki‡Z wM‡q cuvqZvivi †Mvovwji w`KUv‡K cv‡qi Dc‡ii w`‡K †i‡L w`‡Zb, †evZvg‡K †mvRv wQw`ª‡Z bv jvwM‡q KLbI bx‡Pi †evZvg‡K Dc‡ii wQw ª‡Z Ges Dc‡ii †evZvg‡K bx‡Pi wQw ª‡Z jvMv‡Zb| KLbI Zvi †Kvb eÜz †Kvb cwiavb e ¿ nvw`qv ¯iƒc wb‡q Avm‡j †m Dnvi Wvb evg eyS‡Z cviZ bv| G Rb¨B †m Ggb RyZv cQ›` KiZ hvi Wvb ev‡g †Kvb cv_©K¨ †bB| LvIqvi †ejvq I Zvi G Ae¯’v wQj| †m wb‡RB ejZ †h ÔAvwg wK Lvw”Q Zv Avwg Abyfe Kwi bv| Z‡e †Kvb K¼i ev k³ wKQy `uv‡Z †VK‡j Zv Abyfe Kiv hvq| (ekxi Avng` Kvw`qvbxi Òmxiv‡Z gvn`xÓ 2q LÊ 58 c„ôv) Zvi R‰bK f³ Kvw`qvbx Av‡jg wj‡L‡Q †h, †Mvjvg Avng` ¸o cQ›` KiZ Ges †m eûg~Î †iv‡M Avµvš— wQj| †m c‡K‡U gvwUi †Xjv ivLZ †hgb K‡i ¸‡oi PvKv †m c‡K‡U ivLZ; KviY †m Dnv‡K Lye cQ›` KiZ| ZvB †Kvb †Kvb mgq †m gvwUi

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†Xjv‡K ¸‡oi PvKv g‡b K‡i †L‡q †djZ| (evivnx‡b Avngw`qvi cwiwk‡ó ÒAvn-Iqvjyj †Mvjvg weZviZx‡e †gÔivRyÏxbÓ 1g LÊ 67 c„ôv|) Ggb †evKv I wb‡e©va †jvK bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi mvnvevMY‡K wb‡e©va e‡j! ïay ZvB b‡n eis †m wb‡R‡K †kLvBb Avey eKi I Igi iv. I mKj mvnvexi Dci cÖvavb¨ I †kÖôZ¡ cÖ vb K‡i| GLb Avgiv Zvi wKQy ågvZ¥K e³‡e¨i eY©bv w`w”Q| †m bex ivm~jM‡Yi DciI wb‡R‡K †kÖô e‡j ev`x K‡i| †m wb‡R‡K Av`g AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi DciI cÖvavb¨ w`‡q ej‡Q ÔAvj−vn ZvÔqvjv Av`g AvjvBwnm mvjvg †K m„wó K‡i AbymiYxq mi`vi evwb‡q‡Qb, Avi, Zv‡K cÖ‡Z¨K cÖvYxi Dci cÖavb I kvmK wba©viY K‡i‡Qb| Avj−vni evYx ÒAv`g‡K †Zvgiv †mR`v KiÓ Øviv Zv cÖgvwYZ| AZtci kqZvb Zv‡K weåvš— K‡i †e‡n¯— †_‡K †ei K‡i †d‡j| ZvB, ¶gZv kqZv‡bi Kv‡Q P‡j hvq, Avi Av`g jvwÃZ I Ac`¯— n‡q c‡ob..........| Zvici kqZvb‡K civwRZ Kivi Rb¨ Avj −vn Avgv‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb| KziAv‡b Avj−vncvK GiB cÖwZkÖ“wZ I w`‡q‡Qb| (†Mvjvg iwPZ ÒgvjdiKz wd Av`g Iqvj gvmxûj gvID`Ó|) †m e‡j ÔAvj−vn Avgv‡K Av`g iƒ‡c m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Ges Av`g‡K hvnv wKQy w`‡q‡Qb Zv Avgv‡KI w`‡q‡Qb| †Kbbv, Avw`‡Z Avj −vn cvK Ggb Av`g m„wó Kivi B”Qv K‡i‡Qb, †h n‡e me©‡kl Ljxdv| †hgwbfv‡e wZwb Avw`‡Z cÖ_g Ljxdv m„wó Kivi B”Qv †cvlY K‡iwQ‡jbÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi LyZev‡q Bjnvgx 167 c„ôv) gvngy` Avng` G K_v‡K Av‡iv ¯úó K‡i e‡j‡Q- Avj −vn ZvÔqvjv †d‡i¯—vMY‡K Av`‡gi AbyMZ †meK n‡Z wb‡ ©k w`‡jb| cÖ_‡gi Rb¨ †h‡nZz G wb‡ ©k †`qv nq, Z‡e cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn wØZxq Av`g whwb gh©v`vi w`K w`‡q cÖ_g Av`g †_‡KI †kÖô Zvi †ejvq †Kb ejv hv‡e bv †h, G Av¸b †Zvgvi `vm eis †Zvgvi `v‡mi `vm †nvK| (gvngy Avng‡`i ÒgvjvBKvZzj−vnÓ 65 c„ôv|) Avi †m

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wb‡R‡K Avj−vni †mB gnvb b~n AvjvBwnm mvjvg bexi Dci †kÖôZ¡ `vb K‡i, whwb ^xq m¤úÖ v‡qi g‡a¨ `xN© mv‡o bq‡kv eQi Ae ’vb K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i‡K Avj−vni w`‡K AvnŸvb Ki‡Zb, Dc‡`k w`‡Zb Ges mwVK c_ cÖ k©b Ki‡Zb| (whwb Avj −vni c‡_ A‡bK Kó mn¨ K‡i‡Qb|) hv‡K Avj −vni c‡_ A‡bK Kó †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges KwVb cix¶v Kiv n‡q‡Q| GUv Zuvi e¨w³ mv‡_© b‡n Ges m¤ú` I m¤§vb jv‡fi D‡Ï‡k¨ b‡n, eis Avj −vni Øxb‡K mygnvb Kivi Kv‡R Zv‡K mn¨ Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| wZwb †mB gbxlx wQ‡jb whwb Zvi m¤úÖ vq‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i e‡jwQ‡jb Ò.†n Avgvi KIg, Avwg G Kv‡Ri Dci †Zvgv‡`i wbKU †_‡K †Kvb m¤ú` Pvw”Q bv , Gi wewbgq GKgvÎ Avj −vnB Avgv‡K w`‡eb|Ó1 Ggb e¨w³i Dci H †jvK wb‡R‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡”Q †h mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i †mev KiZ Ges Bs‡i‡Ri `vmZ¡ KiZ, Avi, G‡Kev‡i ¯úó I wbj©¾ fv‡e Zvi mv‡_ wbR †mevi wewbg‡qi cÖZ¨vkx wQj| ZvB‡Zv †`Lv hvq, GK`v †m Zvi weivU †L`g‡Zi K_v D‡j−L Kivi ci eojv‡Ui Kv‡Q †Zvlv‡gv` ^iƒc e‡j- AvVv‡ivwU eQi AwZevwnZ nj Avwg H me cy —K iPbvq iZ wQjvg, †h¸‡jv gymjgvb‡`i Aš—‡i †Zvgv‡`i cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv, AvbyMZ¨ I eÜzZ¡ fve m„wó Ki‡e, A_P AwaKvsk Av‡jg G mKj Kvi‡YB Avgv‡K N„Yv Ki‡Q Ges G mKj gZvg‡Zi Dci †µv‡ai Kvi‡Y Zv‡`i Aš—i R¡j‡Q| wKš‘ Avwg Rvwb †h Zviv g~L©, Zviv G K_v Rv‡b bv †h, hviv gvby‡li K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Ki‡Z Rv‡b bv Zviv Avj−vni cÖwZ AK…ZÁ Ges Ae`vbKvixi cÖwZ K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Kivi mgZzj¨| GUvB nj Avgv‡`i wek¦vm| wKš‘ eoB Av‡¶c, †h mg¯— cy —K miKv‡ii cÖwZ wek¦ —Zv I fv‡jvevmvq cwic~Y© Dnvi cÖwZ Avgv‡`i `qvj miKvi ¸i“Z¡ mnKv‡i „wócvZ K‡ib wb| A_P Avwg A‡bKevi Zvi „wó AvKl©Y K‡iwQ| 1 myiv û`-29

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GLb Avwg Avcbv‡`i‡K Avevi ¯§iY Kwi‡q w`w”Q, Avcbviv †hb Avgvi G `iLv‡¯— D‡j−wLZ cy¯—K mg~‡ni cÖwZ `„wócvZ

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miKv‡ii G‡Kev‡i AbyMZ n‡q hvq; Avi G AvbyMZ¨ †hb Zv‡`i Aš—i I AvZ¥v n‡Z DrmvwiZ nq| (†Mvjvg Avng` iwPZ ÒKvkdzj MvZvÓ 403 c„ôv) Aci GK cy¯—‡K †m e‡j, ÔAvwg †h me cy —K cÖPvi KiwQ, Zvi msL¨v cÂvk nvRv‡i †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| Avi, Avwg G¸‡jv g°v, gw`bv, KÝvw›Uwbcj, wmwiqvi wewfbœ GjvKv, wgmi I AvdMvwb¯—vb mKj ¯’v‡bB h_v

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m¤¢e cÖPvi K‡iwQ| G mKj cy —‡Ki djvdjI cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q| j¶ j¶ gymjgvb hviv wRnv‡` (Avj−vni c‡_ hy×) wek¦vm KiZ, Zviv G AcweÎ wek¦vm‡K hv Zv‡`i Aš—‡i e× g~j wQj Ges g~L© Av‡jgMY Zv‡`i‡K G wk¶v w`‡qwQ‡jb Zviv GLb eR©b K‡i‡Q| GUv GKwU weivU Ae`vb hv Avgvi KvQ †_‡K cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q, Ges Gi Øviv Avwg mg — fviZxq gymjgvb‡`i Dci Me© Ki‡Z cvwi †h, Giƒc Ae`v‡bi „óvš— †ck Ki‡Z Avi †Kn m¶g n‡e bv| (†Mvjvg iwPZ ÒwmZviv‡q KvqmvivÓ 3 c„ôv|)GB †m Kv‡di mvgªvR¨ev`xi †mevi Dci Me©Kvix e¨w³ Avj−vni bex b~‡ni (Avt) Dci wb‡R‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z wM‡q e‡j †h, Avj−vn ZÔqvjv Avgvi `vwei mZ¨Zvq GZ AwaK wb`k©bv ejx I `jxj cÖgvY bv‡hj K‡i‡Qb; hw` G¸‡jv b~‡ni Avt. Dci bv‡hj Kiv nZ Z‡e Zuvi KI‡gi †KnB Wy‡e giZ bv|Ó wKš‘ G mKj wei“×ev`x‡`i D`vniY nj H A‡Üi b¨vq †h D¾¡j w`em‡K ivZ e‡j, w`b b‡n| (†Mvjvg iwPZ ÒZvwZ¤§vZz nvKxKvZzj InxÓ 137 c„ôv|)GZ`&e¨ZxZ †m H bexi †cQ‡bI c‡o‡Q hvi m¤§y‡L ivRZ¡ †ck Kiv n‡qwQj, wKš‘ wZwb Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Qb| hZ¶Y bv H mKj gwnjviv Zvi wb‡ ©vl I cweÎZvi Rb¨ mv¶¨ cÖ vb K‡i, hviv wbR wbR nvZ †K‡U †d‡jwQj| wZwb wgm‡ii kvm‡Ki ¯¿xi mwnZ A‰ea AvPi‡Yi cwie‡Z© Kviv eiY K‡i wb‡qwQ‡jb, beyq‡Zi `vwe`vi wg_y K †jvKwU Avj −vni G bexi wei“‡× †j‡M‡Q, hvi wcZvI wQ‡jb bex Ges hvi m¤ú‡K© ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb ÒKixg web Kixg web KixgÓ1 gnvb bexi cyÎ, gnvb bexi †cŠÎ Avi ZviB m¤^‡Ü wek¦vm NvZ‡Ki mš—vb wek¦vm NvZK e‡j †h, Ô†m Zvi †P‡qI DËg I †kÖôÕ| †m Ggb e¨w³ †h wbR es‡ki GK `wi`ª gwnjvi †cÖ‡g c‡owQj Ges Zv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨ Zvi wcZvi `wi ªZv I Afv‡ei my‡hvM MÖnY K‡iwQj| KLbI Zv‡K Avkv w`Z Ges 1 mnxn eyLvix|

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KLbI Zv‡K fq cÖ`k©b KiZ| cybivq Zv‡K Avkv w`Z Avevi agKI w`Z| AZtci †m Zvi †cÖg I fv‡jvevmvq c‡o GZB wbæ —‡i P‡j wM‡qwQj †h, Zvi e„×v ¿x‡K ZvjvK w`‡ZI wØav‡eva K‡iwb| KviY †m Zvi †cÖwgKv‡K wkKvi Ki‡Z mnvqZv I ga¨¯’Zv K‡iwb| Ggwb fv‡e, †m Zvi cy·KI eR©b K‡i, †h Zv‡K Zvi B”Qv c~i‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡iwb| †m wØZxq cy·K Zvi ¿x ZvjvK †`qvi Rb¨ wb‡ ©k †`q| KviY, Zvi †cÖwgKvi mv‡_ H gwnjvi AvZ¥xqZvi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q Ges †m Zvi H m¤úK© Øviv GB gwnjvi gvZv-wcZv‡K eva¨ K‡iwb| †Kbbv Zvi gv n‡jb H †cÖwgKvi dzdz| hLb Zvi †Q‡j wcQy n‡U hvq Ges BZ¯—Z: K‡i, ZLb †m Zvi cÖwZ GB e‡j mZK© evYx cvVvq †h, hw` Zzwg †Zvgvi ¿x‡K ZvjvK bv `vI, Z‡e Zzwg I †Zvgvi c~e©eZ©x åvZvi b¨vq DËivwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ n‡e| Kvh©Z G wbixn †g‡qwU‡K webv Aciv‡a ZvjvK †`qv nq| GLv‡bB †m ¶vš— nqwb, eis wbwØ©avq †m AvZ¥xqZvi mKj m¤úK© wQbœ Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| G e¨vcv‡i †h †Kn Zvi we‡ivwaZv K‡i, Zv‡K †m GB e‡j ûgwK †`q †h, Avj−vn Zv‡`i‡K kvw¯— †`‡eb| †Kbbv, AvKv‡ki Dc‡iB †cÖwgKvi weevn Zvi mv‡_ m¤úbœ n‡q †M‡Q| hw` †Kn GB gwnjv‡K weevn K‡i Z‡e †m gviv hv‡e Ges †h weevn w`‡q‡Q †mI| Ggwb fv‡e †m Av‡iv ejZ †h G gwnjv weevn n‡q †M‡jI ev weaev nIqvi ci n‡jI Zvi Kv‡Q Aek¨B wd‡i Avm‡e| †Kbbv, gwnjvi wd‡i Avmv Ges Avgvi mv‡_ Zvi weevn Avj −vni AKvU¨ wm×vš—|1 Ae‡k‡l, G †cÖwgK fÊbex Zvi G AbyZvc wb‡qB g„Zz eiY K‡i| Aciw`‡K Zvi †cÖwgKv Ab¨Î weevn e‡m Ni msmvi K‡i Ges †Mvjv‡gi Aš—i R¡vwj‡q I Zv‡K †evKv mvwR‡q cÖwZØ›Øx ^vgxi AvkÖ‡q Rxebhvcb K‡i| Giƒc e¨w³ wK wb‡R‡K BDm~d

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D¤§‡Zi BDmyd A_©vr Avwg A¶g I Aag ebx BmivB‡ji BDmyd n‡Z DËg| KviY, Avj−vn ZvÔqvjv wb‡R Ges A‡bK wb`k©bv ejx Øviv Avgvi cweÎZvi mv¶¨ cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb| A_P BDmyd web BqvKze web BQnvK web Beªvnxg AvjvBwnm mvjvg wb‡Ri cweÎZvi Rb¨ gvby‡li mv¶xi cÖwZ gyLv‡c¶x n‡q‡Qb| (†Mvjv‡gi evivnx‡b Avngw`qv|) GKRb `wi ª gwnjvi Rb¨ I‡n GKRb jvwÃZ e¨w³, BDmyd web BqvKze web BQnvK web Beªvnxg AvjvBwnm mvjvg G m¤§y‡L †Zvi Ae¯’vb †Kv_vq? †h BDmyd Avt. AvRx‡Ri ¯¿x Ges kn‡ii m¤£vš— gwnjv‡`i †_‡K wb‡R‡K E‡aŸ© †i‡L‡Qb| I‡n Rv‡jg I ^v_©ci! ZzB †ZviB es‡ki GKRb †jvK †_‡K my‡hvM wb‡Z D‡`¨vMx n‡qwQ‡j †h †Zvi Kv‡Q Zvi †Kvb e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Ki‡Z G‡mwQj Ges ZzB Zv‡K GB fvlvq DËi w`‡qwQ‡j- ÔkÖ‡×q fvB Avng` †eM, ÒAvj−vn Zv‡K wbivcËv `vb Ki“b!Ó Avwg GB gvÎ gyivKvev †kl Kijvg| AZci wb ªv Avgv‡K Av”Qbœ K‡i Ges Avwg ^‡cœ †`wL, Avj −vn Avgv‡K wb‡`©k w`‡”Qb †Zvgv‡K G K_v AeMZ Ki‡Z ÒZzwg †hb †Zvgvi Kzgvix †g‡q‡K Avgvi wbKU we‡q w`‡q `vI|Ó Zv n‡j Zzwg Avj−vni mg~n g½j, eiKZ, `vb I m¤§v‡bi AwaKvix n‡e Ges †Zvgvi mKj wec`vc` `~ixf~Z n‡e| Avi, hw` †Zvgvi †g‡q‡K Avgvi Kv‡Q weevn bv `vI, Zv n‡j Zzwg wZi¯‹vi I kvw —i m¤§yLxb n‡e| Avj −vni Av‡`k †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †cuvwQ‡q w`jvg, hv‡Z Zzwg Zuvi AbyMÖn I m¤§vb jvf Ki‡Z cvi Ges Zuvi †bqvg‡Zi fvÊvi †Zvgvi Dci Ly‡j hvq| Zzwg Rvb †h, Avwg †Zvgv‡K m¤§vb Kwi Ges †Zvgvi m¤§y‡L Av`e i¶v K‡i Pwj| Avi Avwg †Zvgv‡K GKRb LuvwU Cgvb`vi ag©civqY g‡b Kwi Ges Zzwg Avgvi Kv‡Q AwZ m¤§vwbZ| †Zvgvi Av‡`k cvj‡b Avwg Me©‡eva Kwi Ges Zzwg †h A½xKvi cÎ Avgvi Kv‡Q wb‡q AvmwQ‡j Dnv‡Z mv¶i Ki‡Z Avwg cÖ ‘Z AvwQ| Z ycwi, Avgvi m¤ú~Y© m¤úwË †Zvgvi Rb¨ I

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Avj−vni Rb¨| Avi †Zvgvi †Q‡j AvwRR †e‡Mi Rb¨ cywjk wefv‡M PvKzwi jv‡fi e¨vcv‡i mycvwik Ki‡Z Avwg cÖ ‘Z AvwQ| Abyiƒc, †Kvb GK weËkvjxi †g‡qi mwnZ Zv‡K weevn w`‡ZI ˆZwi AvwQÕ| (Avng` †e‡Mi Kv‡Q †Mvjv‡gi cÎ Òbex¯—v‡q Mv‡qeÓ cy —‡Ki 100 c„ôv †_‡K DׄZ|) Avng` †e‡Mi Kv‡Q Aci GK c‡Î †m wj‡L‡Q Ôhw` Zzwg †Zvgvi †g‡q‡K Avgvi mwnZ weevn `vI, Z‡e Avgvi evMvb I ’vei m¤úwËi GK eo Ask †Zvgv‡K †`e Ges †Zvgvi †g‡q‡K Avgvi m¤úwËi GK Z…Zxqvsk `vb Kie| Avwg mZ¨B ejwQ| Zzwg hv PvB‡e ZvB †`e| Avgvi gZ AvZ¥xqZv i¶vKvix Avi †Kvb †jvK Zzwg cv‡e bvÕ (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÒAvqbv‡q Kvgvjv‡Z BmjvgÓ 573 c„ôv) hLb †m †`Lj †h, Zvi G mKj Drmvn I AvMÖn `vb evZv‡mi mwnZ wg‡k †M‡Q ZLb †m iv‡M R¡‡j D‡V Ges Zvi †Q‡ji k¦ïi Avjx †ki †e‡Mi Kv‡Q wjLj, whwb Avng` †e‡Mi fMœxcwZ, m¤§vwbZ Avjx †ki †eM, Avwg ïb‡Z †cjvg †h, Avng` †eM Zvi †g‡q‡K Avgvi wbKU weevn w`‡Z Pvq bv, eis Avwg Qvov Ab¨ Kv‡iv wbKU weevn w`‡Z B”QyK| Avwg Avkv Kwi, †Zvgvi AvZ¥xqZvi myev‡` Zzwg G e¨vcv‡i ga¨ ’Zv Ki‡e| Avi Zv‡`i‡K Avgvi Kv‡Q H gwnjv‡K weevn w`‡Z eva¨ Ki‡e| Avwg wK †Kvb Svo– vi ev bxP es‡ki †jvK, †h Kvi‡Y Zviv Avgv‡K †Q‡o A‡b¨i Kv‡Q †g‡qwU‡K weevn †`‡e? BwZc~‡e© †Zvgvi ¿xi Kv‡QI GKUv †iwRóvix cÎ wj‡LwQ, †m †hb Zvi fvB‡K eva¨ K‡i| wKš‘ †m Avgvi c‡Îi DËi †`qwb| eis Avwg ï‡bwQ †h, †m Avgvi m¤ú‡K© e‡j: G BZi e¨w³ g„Zz i wbKUeZ©x n‡qI g„Zz i nvZ †_‡K i¶v †c‡q †M‡Q| Zvi Rb¨ Avgiv wKQyB Ki‡Z cvie bv| (G mgq Zvi eqm wQj cÂv‡ki E‡aŸ© Ges †m wewfbœ e¨vwa h_v wnwóªqv, gw —®‹ weK…wZ, Wvq‡ewUK I c¨vivjvB‡mm †iv‡M Avµvš— wQj|) GLb Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q ¯úófv‡e wjLwQ hw` †Zvgiv

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Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ bv Ki Ges Avng` †eM H †g‡q‡K Ab¨ Kv‡iv Kv‡Q weevn †`q, Z‡e †h w`b H †g‡qi weevn n‡e †m w`bB Avgvi cyÎ dRj Avng‡`i mv‡_ †Zvgv‡`i †h †g‡qi weevn n‡q‡Q, Zvi ZvjvK bvgv †Zvgv‡`i Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q hv‡e| (Avjx †k‡ii wbKU wjwLZ †Mvjv‡gi cy‡Îi mvi ms‡¶c, 2‡g 1891 L„:|) Kvh©Z: G †g‡qwUi weevn nIqvi ciciB †ki Avjxi †g‡qi ZvjvK n‡q hvq| Avi Zvi wØZxq cyÎ DËivwaKvi n‡Z ewÂZ nq| †Kbbv G gwnjvi AvZ¥xq ¯^R‡bi mv‡_ Zvi wcZvi m¤úK© wQbœ nevi ciI †m AvZ¥xqZvi m¤úK© wQbœ K‡iwb| †hgwb fv‡e, †Mvjvg Zvi e„×v ¿x‡K H GKB Kvi‡Y ZvjvK w`‡qwQj, †h‡nZz †m Zvi G Kv‡R mvnvh¨ K‡iwb|(†Mvjv‡gi cyÎ ekxi Avng` wjwLZ Òmxiv‡Z gvn`xÓ 1g LÊ 22c„óv|) Avi Avgv‡`i Av‡jvP¨ G cvMjwU wein we‡”Q‡`i gq`v‡b Aw ’i I nvq ûZv‡m c‡o iBj| H gwnjvi ^vgx †mbvevwnbxi GKRb ˆmwbK wQj, Zvi g„Zz i m¤¢vebv wb‡q †m wb‡R‡K cÖZvwiZ Ki‡Z jvMj| †hgb, †m Zvi GK c‡Î wjL‡Q: ÔAvwg Avj−vni wbKU webq I AvnRvixi mwnZ cÖv_©bv Kwi| ZLb Avgvi Kv‡Q Bjnvg (Hkx evYx) nj- ÔAwP‡iB Avwg Zv‡`i‡K Avgvi wb`k©b †`Lve, H †g‡qwU weaev n‡q hv‡e Ges Zvi ^vgx I wcZv wZb eQ‡ii g‡a¨ gviv hv‡e| Avi, H gwnjvwU

†Zvgvi Kv‡Q wd‡i Avm‡e| GUv †KnB evav w`‡q †VKv‡Z cvi‡e bvÓ| (Bjnvgyj †Mvjvg Òbex¯—v‡q Mv‡qeÓ †_‡K DׄZ|) Avj−vni Kz`iZ †h, Zievwi I Av¸‡bi QvqvZ‡j Rxeb hvcbKvix †mB †jvKwU gviv hvqwb, †hgbUv fÊbex Avkv K‡iwQj| eis GB Ávb-nviv †cÖwgK Zvi mKj ^cœ I Ag~jK Avkv wb‡q gviv †Mj Ges Zvi mdj cÖwZØ›Øx Zvi g„Zz i ci K‡qK `kK ch©š— †eu‡P iBj| Ggb GK e¨w³ H †jv‡Ki mv‡_ †kÖôZ¡ I cÖwZØw›ØZv `vwe Ki‡Q hvi cweÎZv m¤ú‡K© kn‡ii gwnjvMY mv¶¨ cÖ vb KiwQj| Zv‡`i kx‡l© wQ‡jb AvRx‡Ri ¿x| Zv‡`i Dw³ wQj: ÒAvj−vni Rb¨ mKj cweÎZv, Avgiv

64

Zuvi m¤ú‡K© Lvivc wKQy Rvwb bv |Ó AvRx‡Ri ¿x ej‡jb, GLb mZ¨ cÖKvwkZ n‡q †M‡Q, AvwgB Zv‡K dzmwj‡qwQjvg, Avi wZwb wbðqB mZ¨ev`x‡`i Aš—f©y³|1 Zuvi m¤ú‡K© ^qs Avj−vn e‡j‡Qb: ÒwZwb Avgvi wbôvevb ev›`vM‡Yi Aš—f©y³|Ó2 Avi Zv‡K ivRZ¡ I Ávb 3 mn Avj −vn ZvAvjv ^‡cœi e¨vL¨v4 Kivi †hvM¨Zv `vb K‡i‡Qb Ges wek¦¯— eÜz5 I Avgxb Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ K‡i‡Qb| GLb Avwg AviI D‡j−L KiwQ †h, †m wb‡R‡K Ggb gbxlxi Dci cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Q, hvi m¤ú‡K© gnvb Avj −vn e‡j‡Qb- Ògwiq‡gi cyÎ Cmv‡K Avwg ¯úó cÖgvYvw` `vb K‡iwQ Ges i“ûj Kz ym A_©vr wReivCj AvjvBwnm mvjvg Øviv Zv‡K kw³kvjx K‡iwQÓ6 ÒwbðqB, gwiqvg cyÎ Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Avj−vni ivm~j I Zuvi evZ©v hv gwiq‡gi wbKU cvwV‡q‡Qb Ges wZwb Avj −vni Avw`ó iƒn|Ó7 Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg fvlvq Avj−vn ZvAvjv ¯úó eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb- ÒAvwg Avj −vni ev›`v, Avj−vn Avgv‡K wKZve cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb, Ges Avgv‡K bex evwb‡q‡Qb| Avi Avwg †hLv‡bB _vwK Avgv‡K eiKZgq K‡i‡Qb| Avgv‡K bvgvR I hvKv‡Zi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb †h ch©š— Avwg RxweZ _vwK Ges Avgv‡K Avgvi gvZvi cÖwZ m &e¨env‡ii Av‡`k K‡i‡Qb Avgv‡K AZ¨vPvix I nZfvMv K‡ib wb| Avgvi Dci kvwš— ewl©Z †nvK †hw`b Avwg Rb¥MÖnY K‡iwQ Ges †hw`b Avwg g„Zz eiY Kie, Avi †hw`b Avgv‡K cybi“¾xweZ Kiv n‡eÓ| 8 Avi GB Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg

1 myiv BDmyd 51 1 myiv BDmyd 24 2 myiv myiv BDmyd 21 bs Avqv‡Zi w`‡K BswMZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| 3 myiv BDmyd 21 bs Avqv‡Zi w`‡K BswMZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| 4 myiv BDmy‡di 46 I 54 bs Avqv‡Zi w`‡K BswMZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| 5 myiv evKviv 87 6 myiv wbmv 171 7 myiv gwiqvg 30-33

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m¤ú‡K© GB Zz”Q ev›`v1 (Kvw`qvbx) e‡j: Avj −vn ZvAvjv G D¤§‡Zi g‡a¨ Ggb GKRb gvmxn cvwV‡q‡Qb, hvi gh©v`v cÖ_g gvmxn n‡Z A‡bK D‡”P| Avj−vni kc_! hvi nv‡Z Avgvi cÖvY, †h hy‡M Avwg Rxeb hvcb KiwQ, †mB hy‡M hw` Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg eZ©gvb _vK‡Zb; Z‡e, Avwg hv KiwQ wZwb Zv Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb bv|(ÒAvwg hv KiwQÓ Gi Øviv hw` mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i Ges Kv‡di‡`i `vmZ¡ D‡Ïk¨ n‡q _v‡K, Zv n‡j wVKB Av‡Q|) Ges Avwg †h mKj wb`k©bv ejx I NUbvejx cÖKvk KiwQ, Zv cÖKvk Kiv Zvi c‡¶ m¤¢e nZ bv| ( †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÒnvKxK‡Z InxÓ 148 c„ôv|) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q: Ògwiqvg cyÎ Cmv Avgv n‡Z, Avi, Avwg Avj −vn n‡Z| †mŠfvM¨evb †mB e¨w³ †h Avgv‡K wPb‡Z †c‡i‡Q Ges `yf©vMv †mB e¨w³ hvi P¶zi Avov‡j Avwg i‡qwQÓ| (gvKZzev‡Z Avngw`qv 3q LÊ 118 c„ôv|) Avi, Zvi cyÎ e‡j †h, ÒAvgvi wcZv e‡j‡Qb- ÔwZwb Av`g, b~n I Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg †_‡K †kÖôÕ| †Kbbv, kqZvb Av`g‡K †e‡n¯— †_‡K †ei K‡i w`‡q‡Q, Avi wZwb Av`g mš—vb †K †e‡n‡¯— cÖweó Ki‡eb| Cmv‡K Bû`xiv k~jwe× K‡i‡Q Ges wZwb k~j fvO‡eb| wZwb b~n AvjvBwnm mvjvg n‡Z I DËg| †Kbbv, Zvi eo †Q‡j †n`v‡qZ †_‡K ewÂZ n‡q‡Q; wKš‘ Zvi cyÎ (†Mvjv‡gi) †n`v‡q‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| (†Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy Avng‡`i e³…Zvi mvi ms‡¶c, Ôhv Avj dhj cwÎKvqÕ 18 RyjvB 1931 L„: msKwjZ|) gynv¤§` Avnmvb bvgK R‰bK Kvw`qvbx gyev‡j−M wj‡L‡Q: c~‡e©Kvi ÔDjyj AvRgÕ ev †bZ…¯’vbxq `„p msKí ivm~jM‡Yi †KnB Ggb ch©v‡qi wQ‡jb bv whwb Avgv‡`i Bgvg gvmx‡n gvID‡`i gh©v`vq †cuŠQ‡Z cv‡ib| nv`x‡m ÒAv‡Q hw` Cmv I gymv RxweZ _vK‡Zb Z‡e Avgvi AbymiY Kiv Qvov Zv‡`i

8 GB ¸Y `ÔwU †Mvivg Zvi wb‡Ri Rb¨ e¨envi K‡i‡Q| c~‡e© †hiƒc ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|

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†Kvb MZ¨š—i _vKZ bv|Ó1 wKš‘ Avwg ewj, hw` gymv I Cmv Avgv‡`i Bgv‡gi hy‡M RxweZ _vK‡Zb, Zv n‡j Zvi AbymiY Qvov Zv‡`i MZ¨š—i _vKZ bvÕ| (Avj-dRj, 18B gvP© 1916L„t) G N„Y¨ `ytmvnwmKZvi cÖwZ j¶¨ Ki“b| Kxfv‡e bex ivm~jM‡Yi (Zv‡`i I Avgv‡`i ivm~‡ji Dci nvRvi nvRvi mvjvg) Aegvbbv I †nq cÖwZcbœ Kiv n‡”Q? †Kgb K‡i GKRb `v¾vj I wg_y K wb‡Ri I Avj−vni g‡bvbxZ gnvcyi“lM‡Yi g‡a¨ Zzjbvi `vweK‡i? Zvi kqZvb Zv‡K G K_v ej‡ZI D`¨Z K‡i‡Q †h, A‡bK bex AvMgb K‡i‡Qb wKš‘ †KnB Avj−vni gvÕ †idv‡Z Avgvi AMÖMvgx n‡Z cv‡ib wb| mKj bexMY‡K hv wKQy †`qv n‡q‡Q, m¤úyb©i“‡c Zv GKvB Avgv‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q, | (†Mvjv‡gi `y‡ii Qvgxb 187 I 188 c„ôv|)†m Av‡iv e‡j: †h mg¯— ¸Yvewj mKj bexM‡Yi g‡a¨ cvIqv †hZ, ivmyj„j−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi g‡a¨ †m me ¸Yvewj eis GiI AwaK we`¨gvb wQj| Gici G mKj †hvM¨Zv Avgv‡K cÖ`vb Kiv nq| G Kvi‡YB Avgvi bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q Av`g, Beªvnxg, gymv, b~n, `vD`, BDmyd, myjvBgvb, BqvnBqv I CmvÕ| (gvjdzRv‡Z Avngw`qv 4_ LÊ 142 c„:) Gi †P‡q AwaK RNb¨ e¨vcvi nj, †h‡nZz †Mvjvg Avng‡`i g‡a¨ mKj cÖKvi KzKg© I g›` ^fve we`¨gvb wQj, Kv‡RB, †m bex ivm~jMY‡K G mKj KzK‡g©i Øviv KjywlZ Ki‡Z D`¨Z nq| Zvi Af¨vm D‡j −L Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, †m g`¨cvqx wQj| G Kvi‡YB, †m Avj −vni bex Cmv Avt Gi Dci G Acev` Av‡ivc K‡i e‡j‡Q, ÒAvgvi AwfgZ nj gvmxnI g`¨-cvb n‡Z cweÎ wQ‡jb bv|Ó (wiwfD 1g LÊ 123 c„: 1902 L„:) ÔgvmxnI wb‡R‡K mr ej‡Z m¶g wQ‡jb bv| †Kbbv, †jvK Zv‡K

1 G nv`x‡m Cmv Avt †K AwZwi³ †hvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| A_P nv`x~‡mi †Kvb wKZv‡eB Giƒc †bB| Kvw`qvbxiv G nv`xm w`‡q Cmv Avt Gi g„Zz¨ cÖgvwbZ Kivi Rb¨ `jxj †ck K‡i| Avt

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g`¨cvqx I wdZbv m„wóKvix e‡j RvbZ| (†Mvjv‡gi Òmr fvRbÓ nvwmqv 172 c„ôv|) Aviex fvlvq GKwU cÖwm× cÖev` Av‡Q: Ògvbyl wb‡Ri Dci Ab¨‡K wK¡qvm K‡iÓ ZvB , †m e‡j‡Q: Ôgvmxn g`¨-cvb Ki‡Zb| †Kvb Amy‡Li Kvi‡Y A_ev Zvi cyivZb Af¨vm Abyhvqx| (†Mvjv‡gi Òmvwdbv‡q b~nÓ 65 c„ôv|) Zvi Af¨vm wQj, iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i Mv‡qi gynviig igYx‡`i mv‡_ †m †gjv‡gkv KiZ| G Pwi‡Îi ˆeaZv cÖgv‡Yi Rb¨ †m Avj −vni bex Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg cÖwZ Acev` Av‡iv‡ci AvkÖq †bq| Kv‡RB, †m GKvš— wbj©¾fv‡e e‡j‡Q: Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg cwievi GK A™¢yZ cwievi| Zvi wZb gvZvgnx wQ‡jb yðwiÎ e¨wfPvwiYx| G cweÎ i³? n‡Z Cmvi m„wó| nq‡Zv G Kvi‡YB Cmv e¨wfPvix‡`i cÖwZ Avm³ wQ‡jb| b‡Pr †Kvb †Lv`v fxi“ e¨w³ e¨wfPvwiYx hyeZx‡K Zvi gv_v ¯úk© Ki‡Z Ges Zvi A‰ea m¤ú` Øviv AvZi jvMvevi AbygwZ w`‡Z cv‡i bv| AZGe, gvby‡li eySv DwPZ †h, G gvmx‡ni PwiÎ †Kgb wQj| (†Mvjvg iwPZ ÒAvÄv‡g Av_‡giÓ cwiwkó 7 c„ôv|) Rvwb bv, †Kv_vq j¾v I †Kv_vq f`ªZvi Aewkó Ask i‡q‡Q| GUv wK m¤¢e †h †Kvb f`ª e¨w³‡K Giƒc Acev` †`qv hvq? we‡kl K‡i, hv‡K Acev` †`qv n‡q‡Q wZwb n‡jb Avj−vni Ggb bex hvi m¤ú‡K© Avj −vn ZvAvjv Zvi †cÖwiZ †d‡ikZvi gva¨‡g cweÎZvi mv¶¨ w`‡q‡Qb ÒAvwg †Zvgvi cÖfyi ~Z, Avwg †Zvgv‡K cweÎ GKwU †Q‡j `vb Ki‡Z G‡mwQÓ| 1 GB †h wek¦evmxi cÖfy me‡P‡q mZ¨ev`x mv¶¨ w`‡”Qb †h, nhiZ Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg wb®úvc| AZGe, †n cvwcô! ZzB wK K‡i G ytmvnwmKZv †`Lv‡Z mvnm †cwj †h Avj−vni K_vi we‡ivwaZv KiwQm| A_P, ZzB †Zv Ggb e¨w³ †h ci bvix‡`i mv‡_ †gjv‡gkv KiwQm Ges iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i Zv‡`i‡K †Zvi nvZ-cv `vwe‡q w`‡Z wb‡ ©k w`w”Qm|

1 myiv gviqvg 19

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cÖKvk _v‡K †h, ¯^qs Avj-dRj cwÎKv mv¶¨ w`‡”Q Ges ^xKvi Ki‡Q I ej‡Q- Ôgvmx‡n gID` †Mvjvg Avng` bex

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Avi KvD‡K †`qv nqwb| (†Mvjv‡gi nvKxKvZzj Inxi cwiwkó|) GZ`&e¨ZxZ Zvi †Q‡j I wØZxq Ljxdv e‡j‡Q- Avgv‡`i Bgv‡gi cqMv¤^ix Ávb bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Ávb †_‡K eû E‡aŸ© wQj| (bvDhy wej −vn) †Kbbv, mf¨Zvi w`K w`‡q eZ©gvb hyM †m Kvj n‡Z eû DbœZ| Avi, GUv nj we‡kl †¶‡Îi cÖvavb¨Zv hv †Mvjvg Avng` gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Dci jvf K‡i| (Kvw`qvbx wiwfD, †g 1949 Bs|) G wel‡qi Dci Avwg GKwU ^Zš¿ cÖeÜ wjLe| GLb Avwg G Av‡jvPbv‡K Zvi wb‡RiB GKwU e³‡e¨i Dci †kl KiwQ| hv‡Z ZviB Dw³ ZviB wei“‡× wWwMÖ cÖ vb K‡i| †m e‡j‡Q: H e¨w³ Kv‡di †h †Kvb bexi Aegvbbv K‡iÕ Ges Ô†h e¨w³ Ggb kãvewj e¨envi K‡i hÏviv ¯úó ev A¯úó fv‡e †Kvb ag©xq †bZvi Aegvbbv Acwinvh© n‡q c‡o, Zv‡K Avgiv eo LexQ I wbK…óZg e¨w³ e‡j we‡ePbv KwiÕ| (Kvw`qvbx beyq‡Zi `vwe`vi †Mvjv‡gi ÒABbyj gv‡idvZÓ 18 c„: Ges Òevivnx‡b Avng`xqvÓ 109 c„:|) Avj−vni Kv‡Q Avgv‡`i cÖv_©bv, wZwb †hb Avgv‡`i‡K gymjgvbi“‡c RxweZ iv‡Lb Ges gymjgvbi“‡c g„Zz `vb K‡ib| Avgxb|

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PZz_© cÖeÜ ÒfÊbex Kvw`qvbx Ges gnvb ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Dci Zvi J×Z¨ cÖKvkÓ 1 G c„w_ex‡Z A‡bK yf©vM¨Zv, nxbZv, beyq‡Zi Pv`iPzix, bexM‡Yi Aegvbbv, ivm~jMY‡K Mvjg›` Kiv, Ges Avj −vni kv‡b wg_¨v Av‡ivc Kivi †¶‡Î beyq‡Zi wg_¨v `vwe`vi †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx I Zvi Abymvix‡`i mg ch©v‡qi †jvK Lye KgB cvIqv hvq| gnvb Avj−vn e‡jb- Ò†h e¨w³ Avj−vni Dci wg_¨v Acev` Av‡ivc K‡i Zvi †P‡q eo Rvwjg Avi †K n‡Z 2cv‡iÓ? †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx Avj−vni Dci wg_¨v-†ivc K‡i e‡j, †m Avj−vni bex I imyj| †hgb K‡i Zvi c~e©eZ©x yB åvZv gymvqjvgv I AvmIqv` Avbvmx `vwe K‡iwQj| Zvici, †m Av‡iv `vwe K‡i‡Q †h, †m mKj bex ivm~‡ji †P‡qI DËg| G Rb¨B Zvi bvg ivLv n‡q‡Q Av`g, kxl, b~n, Beªvnxg, BmnvK, BmgvBj, BqvKze, BDmyd, gymv, `vD` I Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg|3 Gi †P‡qI AwaK †m e‡j: mg — bex ivm~jMY‡K hv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zvi mg¯—UvB Zv‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q| 4 †m Gi DciI mxgve× _v‡Kwb, eis Zvi Bs‡iR cÖfyi Bw½‡Z mvB‡q¨ yj

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Avw¤^qv Iqvj gyimvjx‡bi gh©v`vi Dci AvµgY Ki‡Z, Zvi m¤§vb I gh©v`v‡K ¶zYœ Ki‡Z Ges Zvi Dci wbR‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z D`¨Z n‡q‡Q| ZvB, †m e‡j, bex Kixg mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi wZb nvRvi gyÕ †RRv wQj, wKš‘ Avgvi gyÕ †RRv mg~n GK wgwjq‡biI AwaK| (†Mvjv‡gi ÒZzndv‡q KzjivÓ 40 c„ôv, Ges ÒZvR‡KivZzk kvnv`vZvBbÓ 41 c„ôv|) nvq! hw` eyS‡Z cviZvg, Zvi gyÕ †RRv mg~n Øviv Zvi wK D‡Ïk¨? Zvi gyÕ †RRv mg~n Øviv hw` G D‡Ïk¨ n‡q _v‡K †h, †m cyi“lZ¡ †_‡K ewÂZ _vKv m‡Ë¡I Zvi mš—vbvw` Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Q; Zv n‡j GUv Zvi ¿xi gyÕ †RRv n‡i, Zvi gyÕ †RRv b‡n| j¶¨ Ki“b! †m Zvi D³ gyÕ †RRvi D‡j−L K‡i e‡j‡Q: Avgvi wØZxq gyÕ †RRv nj, weevn m¤ú‡K© hLb cweÎ Inx AeZxY© nj, ZLb Avwg ürwcÊ, gw —®‹ I kvixwiK ye©jZv, eû g~Î, gv_v‡Nviv I h²v †iv‡M Avµvš— wQjvg| (Avj−vn, Avj −vn! GKw`‡K gvivZ¥K †ivM mg~‡ni AvµgY, Aciw`‡K weev‡ni AbyivM|) G mKj gvivZ¥K †ivMmg~n wb‡q hLb Avwg weevn Kijvg ZLb †Kn †Kn Av‡¶c Ki‡jb| †Kbbv, Avgvi Ae ’v cyi“lZ¡ bv _vKvi gZB wQj Ges Avwg g„Zz gyLx e„‡×i b¨vq wQjvg | GRb¨ D —v` gynv¤§` ûmvBb evUvjex Avgvi Kv‡Q GKwU cÎ wjL‡jb †h, G Ae¯’vq †Zvgvi weevn Kiv DwPZ wQj bv; hv‡Z †Kvb cÖKvi wec‡`i m¤§yLxb n‡Z bv nq| wKš‘ G mKj †ivM I ye©jZv m‡Ë¡I Avwg ^v ’¨ wd‡i cvB Ges PviwU †Q‡j jvf Kwi| (†Mvjv‡gi Òbyhyjyj gvmx‡niÓ nvwmqv, 209 c„ôv|) D‡j−L¨ †h, G weevn †Mvjv‡gi wØZxq weevn wQj| ZLb Zvi eqm cÂv‡ki E‡aŸ© Ges Zvi eY©bvK…Z †ivM mg~n‡Zv Zvi m‡½ wQjB| Gi †P‡q AwaK my¶ K_v nj GB †h, Zvi G hyeZx ¿xi M‡f© `kwU mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Q| A_P Zvi cÖ_g ¿xi M‡f© `xN©Kv‡j gvÎ `ÕwU mš—vb Rb¥MÖnY K‡i‡Q cÖ_g mš—

v‡bi R‡b¥i mgq Zvi eqm gvÎ c‡b‡iv ev †lv‡jv ermi wQj , †hgb †m wb‡RB Gi eY©bv w`‡Z wM‡q e‡j: ÔAvj −vnB Rv‡bb †h

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mš—v‡bi Rb¨ Avgvi †Kvb AvKv•¶v wQj bv| A_P hLb Avgvi eqm c‡b‡iv ev †lv‡jv, ZLb Avwg mš—vb jvf KwiÕ| (ÒBikv yj †MvjvgÓ hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÒAvj wnK‡giÓ Aš—f©y³ Ges gÄyi Kvw`qvbxi cy —K 343 c„ôv n‡Z M„nxZ|) †m Zvi cÖ_g Ljxdv I Zvi mv_x byi“Ïx‡bi Kv‡Q wj‡L‡Q- hLb Avwg weevn Kwi, ZLb Avgvi wek¦vm wQj †h, `xN© w`b hver Avgvi cyi“lZ¡ †bB| (Zv m‡Ë¡I weev‡ni ciciB mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡Z _v‡K| ÒgvKZzev‡Z Avngw`qvÓ 5g LÊ 145c„ôv|) GUv Zvi A_ev Zvi f³M‡Yi Kv‡Q nq‡Zv gyÕ †RRv n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ Avgiv wbôvevb gymjgvbMY G‡K nvm¨v¯ú`, jvÃbv I cix¶v Qvov wKQyB g‡b Kwi bv| †hgb gnvb †kL gynv¤§` ûmvBb evUvjex †Mvjv‡gi wbKU †cÖixZ Zvi c‡Î Gi Bw½Z w`‡q‡Qb| G ai‡bi gyÕ †RRv Øviv wK fÊbex Kvw`qvbx ivmy‡j Avivexi mv‡_ Me© I AnsKvi Ki‡Z cv‡i? hvi m¤§v‡b P›`ª wØLwÊZ n‡q wM‡qwQj, cv_i I e„¶ hv‡K mvjvg Rvwb‡qwQj, hvi AvOyj mg~‡ni ga¨ n‡Z cvwb cÖevwnZ n‡qwQj Ges hvi we‡”Q‡` †LRy‡ii KvÊwU Dóªxi b¨vq ^-i‡e †Ku‡`wQj| nhiZ AvbvQ web gvwjK iv. eY©bv K‡ib †h, g°v-evmxiv bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi wbKU Zv‡`i‡K GKwU gyÕ †RRv †`Lvevi Rb¨ Av‡e`b Kij| ZLb bex Kixg mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Zv‡`i‡K P› ª yÕfv‡M wef³ K‡i †`Lv‡jb| nhiZ Avãyj −vn web gvmD‡`i iv. eY©bvq i‡q‡Q, wZwb e‡jb- Avgiv GK`v wgbvq wQjvg, Ggb mgq P› ª yÕL‡Ê wef³ n‡q hvq , GK LÊ cvnv‡oi GK cv‡k¦© Ges Aci LÊ cvnv‡oi Aci cv‡k¦© wQj| AZtci bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Avgv‡`i‡K j¶ K‡i ej‡jb: †Zvgiv mv¶x _vK|1

1 eyLvix, gymwjg, wZiwghx Ges Avng` I Zvqvjxmx Zv‡`i gmb`؇q DׄZ K‡i‡Qb, Avi kãvejx gymwj‡gi|

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nhiZ Rvwei web mvgyiv iv. bex Kixg mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib, wZwb e‡j‡Qb- Avwg g°vi H cv_iwU‡K wPwb †h Avgv‡K beyq¨Z jv‡fi c~‡e© mvjvg w`Z| wbðqB Avwg GLbI H cv_iwU‡K wPwb|1 Aci eY©bvq Av‡Q: ÒhLb Avwg beyq¨Z cÖvß nB|Ó2 (GK_vwU eY©bvi mv‡_ mshy³ i‡q‡Q) nhiZ Avjx web Avwe Zvwje iv. e‡jb, Avwg g°vq bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg mv‡_ wQjvg| GK mgq Zvi m‡½ g°vi †Kvb cÖv‡š— †ei njvg, ZLb †Kvb cvnvo ev e„¶ Zuvi m¤§yLxb n‡jB ejZ, Avm&mvjvgy AvjvBKv Bqv ivmyjvj −vn | 3 nhiZ AvbvQ web gvwjK iv. e‡jb- Avwg ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †K †`Ljvg, ZLb AvQ‡ii mgq n‡q wM‡qwQj; †jvK Rb IRyi cvwb Zvjvk K‡i †cj bv| Zvici bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi wbKU IRyi cvwb Avbv nj| ZLb ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †m cv‡Î wbR nv‡Z ivL‡jb Ges †jvKRb‡K G cvÎ n‡Z IRy Kivi wb‡ ©k w`‡jb| AvbvQ iv. e‡jb, Avwg †`L‡Z †cjvg †h, ûRyi mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi AvOyj mg~‡ni bxP †_‡K cvwb DrmvwiZ n‡”Q| †jvKRb mK‡jB IRy Ki‡jb| AvbvQ iv . e‡jb, †jv‡Ki msL¨v cÖvq wZb kZ wQj|4 Avi Dóªxi b¨vq †LRyi KvÊwU †h µ›`b K‡i‡Q, †m m¤ú‡K© AvbvQ web gvwjK iv. eY©bv K‡ib †h, ivm~j Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †LRyi Kv‡Ê †njvb w`‡q LyZev w`‡Zb, c‡i mvnvexMY Zuvi Rb¨ GKwU wg¤^vi ˆZwi Ki‡jb| wZwb Gi Dci `uvwo‡q LyZev w`‡Z jvM‡jb| ZLb †LRyi KvÊwU D‡óªi b¨vq Kuv`‡Z jvMj| ivm~j Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg wg¤^vi †_‡K †b‡g G‡m Zv‡K ¯úk© Ki‡j

2 gymwjg gymb‡` Avng`, ZeKv‡Z Be‡b mvÕ` gymbv‡` Zvqvjxmx| 3 wZiwghx| 1 gymbv‡` `vivgx I wZiwghx| 2 Be‡b mvÕ` gymbv‡` Avng`, gymbv‡` `vigx| Z‡e kã ymwj‡gi|

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†m kvš— nq|1 G nj mZ¨ I wek¦ — bexi gyÕ †RRv mg~n| G Qvov Av‡iv A‡bK gyÕ †RRv i‡q‡Q| GB fÊbex Kvw`qvbx Ab¨Î bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Dci wb‡R‡K AwaK gh©v`vevb `vweK‡i e‡j‡Q:- ÒZuvi (gynv¤§‡`i) Rb¨ P› ª MÖnY n‡qwQj Ges Avgvi Rb¨ P› ª I m~h© Df‡qiB MÖnY nq| Zzwg wK Bnv A ^xKvi Ki? A_©vr bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Rb¨ †Kej P›`ª MÖnY n‡qwQj , †m ’‡j Avgvi Rb¨ P› ª I m~h© Df‡qi g‡a¨ MÖnY †j‡MwQj|

(†Mvjv‡gi GRv‡R Avng`x 71 c„ôv|) †m Av‡iv AwaK AMÖmi n‡q m¤ú~Y© wbj©¾ I wb‡e©v‡ai gZ e‡j: wbðqB Bmjvg cÖ_g w`‡K be P‡› ªi gZ wQj, A_©vr G‡Kev‡i †QvU| AZtci wba©vwiZ nj †h, G hy‡M Dnv c~Y© P‡›`ª iƒcvš—wiZ n‡e| G w`‡KB gnvb Avj−vn Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb- Ò wbðqB Avj −vn †Zvgv‡`i e`i ev c~Y© P› ª Øviv mvnvh¨ K‡i‡QbÓ (LyZev‡q Bjnvwgqv 184 c„ôv|) Ggwbfv‡e, Avj −vni G kΓ bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi gh©v`v‡K ¶zYœ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Q| hvi m¤ú‡K© Avj −vn ZvAvjv e‡j‡Qb ÒAvwg Avcbvi L¨vwZ‡K myD”P K‡iwQ|Ó gnvb Avj−vni G evYx‡KI †m wg_¨v cÖwZcbœ Kivi D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Q: (AvR Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i Øxb‡K c~Y© K‡i w`jvg Ges †Zvgv‡`i Dci Avgvi AbyMÖn c~Y© Kijvg, Avi Bmjvg‡K †Zvgv‡`i ag© wnmv‡e g‡bvbxZ Kijvg)2 †m Bû`x‡`i b¨vq KziAvb‡K cwieZ©b Kivi B”Qv K‡i‡Q| †h‡nZz †m Avj−vni evYxi Ggb A_© MÖnY K‡i‡Q hv Avj −vni D‡Ïk¨ b‡n Ges ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg I Gw`‡K Bw½Z K‡ib wb| †Kvb mvnvex, Bgvg I ZvdmxiKv‡ii g‡b Ggb KíbvI Av‡mwb| Ggwbfv‡e G N„Y¨ e¨w³wU my „p cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g µgk: AvDwjqv, AvB¤§v, mvnvev I Avw¤^qv‡`i Aegvbbv Kivi

3 wZiwghx 4 myiv gv‡q`v, AvqvZ 3|

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ci bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg Gi Aegvbbvi w`‡K AMÖmi nq| Zv m‡Ë¡I Kvw`qvbxiv Pvq Zv‡`i‡K †hb Bmjvg ag© †_‡K ewn®‹vi Kiv bv nq Ges gymjgvbMY Zv‡`i‡K †hb N„Y¨ ag©vš—wiZ `j e‡j AwfwnZ bv K‡ib| AZGe, †h e¨w³ Avj −vni ivm~‡ji Dci wb‡R‡K cÖvavb¨ †`q (Zvi `vwei cÖwZ j¶¨ bv K‡iI) Ges ûRy‡ii gh©v`v‡K ¶zYœ K‡i, †m wK gymjgvb? A_ev Bmjv‡gi mwnZ Zvi wK †Kvb m¤úK© Av‡Q? AZtci hviv Gi Dci Zvi nv‡Z evBAvZ K‡i Ges Zvi K_vq wek¦vm K‡i, Zviv wK gymjgvb? ïay ZvB b‡n, eis †m wb‡R hv e‡j f³iv Gi †P‡q A‡bK †ewk AZz w³ K‡i| Aci GK Awfkß Kvw`qvbx gyev‡j −M I Kwe fÊbexi cÖksmvq ZviB m¤§y‡L KZK¸‡jv KweZv Ave„wË K‡i e‡j: Ògynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Avgv‡`i g‡a¨ cybivq AeZiY K‡i‡Qb: GgZve¯’vq †h, Zvi GeviKvi gh©v`v cÖ_g ev‡ii †P‡q A‡bK eoÓ| †h e¨w³ gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †K cwic~Y© AvK…wZ‡Z †`L‡Z Pvq, †m †hb Kvw`qvbx †Mvjvg Avng`‡K †`‡L †bq| (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Òe`iÓ n‡Z DׄZ, 25 A‡±vei 1902 L„:) G BZi e¨w³wU wj‡L‡Q †h, †Mvjvg Avng` G KweZvwU ï‡b mš‘ó n‡q‡Q| AZGe, Ave„wËKvix Ges hvi D‡Ï‡k¨ Ave„wË Kiv nj, Avi hviv Dnv ^xKvi K‡i wbj, Zviv wK ch©v‡qi MY¨ n‡Z cv‡i? G‡`i Dci

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Bwb n‡jb Zuvi cÖ_g Ljxdv Avey eKi wmwÏK iv.| Zuvi wØZxq Ljxdv whwb Kvqmvi I wKmivi ivR‡Z¡i gvwjK nIqv m‡Ë¡I cwiav‡bi Rb¨ †Quov Kvco e¨ZxZ wKQyB cvb wb| GK`v hLb wZwb wbLuyZ yÕwU Pv`i cwiavb K‡iwQ‡jb, ZLb Zuvi GKRb cÖRv `uvwo‡q ejj: Avcwb GUv †Kv‡Ì‡K †c‡jb? Dˇi wZwb ej‡jb: ÔGKwU Avgvi Ges AciwU Avgvi †Q‡j Avgv‡K `vb K‡i‡QÕ| Zv‡`i Ae ’v G wg_y ‡Ki gZ wQj bv| †h cy¯—K gy ª‡Yi wg_¨v cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q Rbmvavi‡Yi KvQ †_‡K UvKv MÖnY K‡i| AZtci †m cy¯—K bv Qvwc‡q UvKv cqmv¸‡jv Zvi wbR †jvK‡`i g‡a¨ e¨q K‡i †d‡j Avi, hLb Zv‡K G e¨vcv‡i wRÁvmv Kiv nq ZLb †m e‡j G m¤ú` Avj−vn Avgv‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb| KvD‡K Avwg GKwU cqmv †diZ †`e bv Ges G e¨vcv‡i KvD‡K DËiI †`e bv| †h e¨w³ Avgvi Kv‡Q wnmve Pvq Zvi Rb¨ DwPZ †m †hb Gici Avgv‡K Avi wKQyB bv †`q| (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj wnKg 21‡k gvP© 1905 L„:) G‡Zv †Mj Zvi Ae ’v| Avi, Gi ciI Zvi LjxdvMY Ggb weivU myD”P AUªvwjKvq emevm Ki‡Q, hvi Kíbv Gi c~‡e© Zviv Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| GgbwK ^‡cœI bv | G mKj mye„nr I weivU cÖmv` cvnviv †`Iqvi Rb¨ KzKzi wb‡qvwRZ Kiv nq| (Avj dRj 12B A‡±vei, 1924 L„:) Zvi Ljxdv hLb Bsj¨v‡Û åg‡Y hvq, Zvi wcZvi H mKj AbyMÖnKvix‡`i mv¶v‡Z ab¨ nIqvi Rb¨, hviv Zvi wcZvi gv_vq beyq‡Zi gyKzU cwi‡qwQj ZLb †Kej gvÎ G åg‡Y e¨q Kivi Rb¨ Pwj−k nvRvi UvKv mv‡_ †bq| (cqMv‡g my‡jn 23‡k RyjvB, 1924 L„:) GLvb †_‡K †m c¨vwi‡m ågY K‡i Ges Z_vq Avš—R©vwZK b„‡Z¨i Avm‡i †hvM`vb K‡i| Avš—R©vwZK b„‡Z¨ bZ©Kxiv ¯fveZ: Dj½ wKsev A‡a©vj½ _v‡K| G e¨vcv‡i Zv‡K wRÁvmv Kiv n‡j †m e‡j, †h‡nZz Avgvi „wó kw³ ye©j Ges g Avgvi †_‡K `y‡i wQj, ZvB Avwg bZ©Kx‡`i Dj½cbv †`wLwb| G ai‡bi mnPi‡`i‡K wb‡q beyq‡Zi wg_¨v `vwe`vi Kvw`qvbx wK Me©

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Zuviv DËi w`j, Avgiv ¯^xKvi KijvgÕ| ZLb Avj−vn ej‡jb: Ò†Zvgiv mv¶x _vK, AvwgI †Zvgv‡`i mv‡_ mv¶x iBjvg| Gici hviv G A½xKvi †_‡K wegyL n‡e ZvivB nj Aeva¨ dv‡mKÓ|1 †mB A½xKvi †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Rb¨, gynv¤§‡`i Rb¨ b‡n| Avi, hv‡`i wbKU †_‡K G A½xKvi MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zviv n‡jb b~n, Beªvnxg, gymv I Cmv Avt| Ggwb fv‡e, G A½xKvi gynv¤§` mv: n‡ZI MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| AZGe, ab¨ev`| KviY A½xKv‡ii j¶¨ e¨w³ G‡m †M‡Qb| myZivs gymjgvbMY ª“Z G cÖwZkÖ“wZ cvjb K‡i †hb Avj −vni K…ZÁ ev›`v n‡q hvq| (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÒAvj-dRjÓ 26‡k †deª: 1924 L„:) G e³e¨wU KziAvb cwieZ©b Kiv, gymjgvbMY‡K KziAv‡bi A_© Abyaveb I gynv¤§‡` Avivex †_‡K y‡i mwi‡q ivLvi Kvw`qvbx cwiKíbvi GKUv wPÎ cÖ`vb K‡i| †h cwiKíbvwU Zviv Kv‡di mvgªvR¨ev`x‡`i Bw½‡Z MÖnY K‡iwQj hviv gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi e¨w³Z¡ I KziAv‡bi Rxebx kw³ m¤ú‡K© fxZ mš¿¯—| G Kvi‡YB †Mvjvg Avng‡`i beyq¨Z cÖwZwôZ Kivi †cQ‡b Zv‡`i cÖavb j¶¨ wQj ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi gh©v`v‡K LvU Kiv Ges gymjgvb‡`i Aš—i †_‡K Zuvi gneŸZ I fv‡jvevmv‡K wQwb‡q †bIqv Ges KziAv‡bi A_© I gg© weK…Z Kiv | hw`I Gi g~j kã‡K weK…Z Kiv m¤¢e b‡n| ZvB, †Mvjvg Avng`B cÖ_g e¨w³ †h Bmjv‡gi bv‡g KziAvb cwieZ©b Kivi wfwË ’vcb K‡i| Zvici, Zvi f³ I AbymvixMY AZ¨š— N„wYZ

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Awfkß Avi †Kn b‡n, †h Avj−vni ivm~‡ji Aegvbbv K‡i Ges Zuvi Dci wb‡Ri cÖvavb¨ `vweK‡i| GLv‡b Avwg ¯^qs †Mvjvg Avng‡`i GKwU e³‡e¨i DׄwZ w`w”Q| †m e‡j- †h e¨w³ †Kvb bex‡K Zz”Q g‡b K‡i †m Kv‡di| (†Mvjv‡gi AvBbyj gvÕ †idvZÓ 18c„t) G e³‡e¨i Av‡jv‡K †Mvjvg I Zvi RvgvZ hviv Kvw`qvbx bv‡g cwiwPZ wK n‡e? Zvi †Q‡j I Ljxdv gvngy Avng‡`i wK n‡e? †h Ggb N„Y¨ K_v e‡j, ÔcÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Rb¨ GUv m¤¢e †h, †m †h gh©v`vq DbœwZ jvf Ki‡Z ev †cuŠQ‡Z Pvq, Zv †m †c‡Z cv‡i| Ggb wK hw` †m gynv¤§v yi ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi gh©v`v I m¤§vb †_‡K AMÖMvgx n‡Z Pvq, Zv‡ZI †m mdjKvg n‡Z cv‡i| (Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv gvngy` Avng‡`i ÒBIwgqvZÓ hv Avj dRj cwÎKvq cÖPvwiZ 17B RyjvB 1922 m‡b cÖKvwkZ|) GB nj wØZxq Awfkß e¨w³i e³e¨, †h Ggb e¨w³ m¤^‡Ü gš—e¨ K‡i‡Q, hv‡K ivwÎKv‡j gmwR‡` AvKmvi ågY Kivb nq Avmgv‡bi w`‡K †gÕ iv‡Ri gh©v`vq f~wlZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges hvi †cQ‡b mKj bex bvgvR Av`vq K‡ib| 1 hvi cÖwZ Avj −vn I †d‡i¯—v Ges gywgbMY `i“` I mvjvg †cÖiY K‡ib|2 whwb †Kqvg‡Zi w`b nvg‡`i cZvKvevnx n‡eb 3 Ges mKj bexi c¶ n‡Z e³e¨ ivL‡eb| hvi m¤ú‡K© eiKZgq gnvb cÖfy e‡j‡Qb: Òhv‡Z Avj −vn ZvAvjv Avcbvi c~e©eZ©x I cieZ©x ¸bvnmg~n gvd K‡i †`bÓ 4 Av‡iv Gikv` n‡”Q- ÒwZwb †n`v‡qZ I mZ¨ ag© w`‡q Zvi ivm~j‡K cvwV‡q‡Qb, hv‡Z wZwb G ag©‡K Ab¨ mKj a‡g©i Dci weRqx K‡ibÓ| 5 Av‡iv e‡jb- Ò†n bex Avwg †Zvgv‡K

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98

coj| Kvkd hLb †kl nj ZLb ev —‡e †`L‡Z †cjvg Avgvi I Avãyj−vni Kvco †mB jvj i‡½ iwÄZ n‡q †M‡Q| A_P Avgv‡`i wbKU †Kvb jvj is wQj bv| GLb ch©š— G Kvco¸‡jv Avgvi gyix` Avãyj−vni wbKU gIhy Av‡Q| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔwZwiqvKzj KzjyeÕ Ges ÔnvKxKZzj InxÕ 255 c„:|) Ab¨Î G `v¾vj m„wóKZ©v mygnvb m‡e©v”P gh©v`vi AwaKvix Avj−vn‡K ÔA‡±vcvmÕ bvgK GKUv mvgyw ªK cÖvYxi mwnZ Zzjbv w`‡q‡Q| †m e‡j: ÔAvj−vni Aw¯—‡Z¡i cÖK…wZ‡K Avgiv Giƒc a‡i wb‡Z cvwi †h, Zuvi ˆ`N©¨-cÖ‡¯’i †Kvb mxgv †bB| wZwb A‡±vcvm mv „kÕ| Zvi A‡bK kxiv i‡q‡Q, hv c„w_exi wewfbœ cÖv‡š— m¤úÖmvwiZ| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔZvIRxûj gyivgÕ 75 c„:) Ggwbfv‡e †m Avj −vni Aw¯—Z¡‡K wb‡q we ªƒc K‡i‡Q, †h Avj−vni †Kvb mv „k¨ †bB| Avi gnvb Avj −vni evYx Ò Zuvi Abyiƒc †Kvb e ‘ †bB, wZwb mewKQy ï‡bb I †`‡Lb| 1 GK_v †m A¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q| GZ`&e¨ZxZ Kvw`qvbxiv wek¦vm K‡i †h, Avj−vn ZÔAvjv ¿x mnevm K‡ib Ges Zuvi mš—vbvw` Rb¥ jvf K‡i|Ó Zv‡`i G wek¦vm wKZveyj−vn, mybœ‡Z ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Ges mKj Avmgvwb a‡g©i cwicš’x | AZtci Gi †P‡q A™¢yZ welq Zviv wek¦vm K‡i †h, Avj −vn ZvAvjv Zv‡`i bex †Mvjvg Avng‡`i mv‡_ mnevm K‡i‡Qb| ïay Zv-B b‡n eis G mnev‡mi dj †m wb‡RB| cÖ_gZ: hvi mv‡_ Avj−vn mnevm K‡i‡Qb †m nj Zv‡`i bex †Mvjvg Avng`| AZtci †m-B Mf© aviYKvix| wØZxqZ: †m-B Rb¥ MÖnYKvix mš—vb| GLb Avgv‡`i ïbv DwPZ Kvw`qvbxiv Zv‡`i fvlvq wK e‡j? KvRx Bqvi gynv¤§` Kvw`qvbxi e³e¨: Ògmxn gvID`Ó (†Mvjvg) GK mgq Zvi wb‡Ri Ae ’v eY©bv Ki‡Z wM‡q ej‡Qb, wZwb wb‡R‡K ^‡cœ †`‡Lb, wZwb †hb GKRb gwnjv| Avi, Avj−vn ZvAvjv Zvi g‡a¨ wb‡Ri cyi“lZ¡ kw³ 2 myiv ïiv - 11

99

cÖKvk Ki‡jb| (Bqvi gynv¤§`, RvwnqvZzj Bmjvg 34 c„:) fÊ Kvw`qvbx wb‡R e‡j- ÒAvgvi g‡a¨ Cmvi iƒn duz‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q, †hgb gwiqv‡gi g‡a¨ duz‡K †`qv n‡qwQj| iƒcKfv‡e Avwg Mf© aviY Kijvg| K‡qK gvm ciB hv `k gv‡mi E‡aŸ© b‡n gwiqvg n‡Z cwiewZ©Z n‡q Cmv n‡q †Mjvg| G c×wZ‡Z Avwg gwiqg cyÎ n‡q †Mjvg| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Ômwdbv‡q b~nÕ 47 c„:) Av‡iv †m e‡j- Avj−vn ZvAvjv Avgv‡K gwiqg bv‡g bvg KiY K‡i‡Qb, †h, gwiqg Cmv †K Mf© aviY K‡iwQ‡jb| myiv‡q Zvnix‡gi g‡a¨ Avj−vni G evYx‡Z AvwgB D‡Ïk¨, ÒBgiv‡bi Kb¨v gwiqg whwb Zvi mZxZ¡ i¶v K‡i‡Qb| AZtci Avwg Dnv‡Z Avgvi iƒn duz‡K w`jvgÓ| Aek¨B Avwg †gB GKgvÎ e¨w³ †h `vwe Ki‡Q ÔAvwgB gwiqg Ges Avgvi g‡a¨B Cmvi iƒn duz‡K †`qv n‡q‡QÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi nvKxKZzj Inxi nvwmqv, 337 c„:) GB wfwˇZ Kvw`qvbxiv †Mvjvg Avng`‡K Avj−vni cyÎ e‡j wek¦vm K‡i, eis †mB cÖK…Z Avj−vn| G wg_¨vev`x fÊbex e‡j: ÔAvj −vn Avgv‡K e‡j‡Qb- Ò†Zvgvi m„wó Avgvi cvwb †_‡K Ges I‡`i m„wó Avgvi cvwb †_‡K Ges I‡`i m„wó Kvcyi“lZ¡ †_‡K|Ó (†Mvjv‡gi ÒAvbRv‡m AvZgÓ 55 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j- ÔAvj−vn Avgv‡K GB e‡j m‡¤^vab K‡i‡Qb, ïb †n Avgvi †Q‡j!Õ (†Mvjv‡gi ÒAvj eykiv Ó 1g LÊ 49 c„ôv) †m Av‡iv e‡j- †h, cÖfy Avgv‡K e‡j‡Qb: Zzwg Avgv n‡Z Ges Avwg †Zvgv †_‡K, †Zvgvi cÖKvk Avgvi cÖKvk| (†Mvjv‡gi ÒInx‡q gyKvÏvmÓ 650 c„ôv) Avj −vn Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb: †n m~h©! †n P›`ª! Zzwg Avgv n‡Z Ges Avwg †Zvgv n‡Z| (†Mvjvg iwPZ ÒnvKxKZzj InxÓ 73 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j: Avj−vn ZvAvjv Avgvi g‡a¨ AeZiY K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuvi I Zuvi m„wói g‡a¨ Avwg njvg gva¨g|Ó (†Mvjvg iwPZ wKZveyj evwiq¨v 75 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j: Avgvi Dci Inx G‡m‡Q-ÒAvwg †Zvgv‡K mymsev` w`w”Q Ggb GKwU cy‡Îi, †h n‡e mZ¨ I D”P gh©v`vi

100

cÖZxK, †hb Avj −vn AvKvk n‡Z AeZiY K‡i‡Qb|Ó (†Mvjvg iwPZ ÒAvj Bm‡ZdZvÓ 85c„ôv) GB nj gnvb Avj −vn m¤ú‡K© Kvw`qvbx‡`i AvKx`vmg~n| Zviv Avj −vni cÖwZ †h mKj K_v Av‡ivc Ki‡Q, Zv †_‡K wZwb cweÎ I E‡aŸ©| Avj−vn ZvAvjv Zvi m¤§vwbZ Kvjv‡g cv‡K e‡jb: ÒAvcwb ejyb! wZwb Avj −vn GK, Avj −vn AgyLv‡c¶x, wZwb mš—vb Rb¥ †`bwb Ges wZwb Rb¥ MÖnYI K‡ib wb| Zvi mgK¶ †Kn †bB| 1 Avj −vn e‡jb: ÒH mKj †jv‡Kiv Kv‡di n‡q †M‡Q hviv e‡j gmxn Be‡b gwiqgB n‡jb Avj−vnÓ| 2 wZwb Av‡iv e‡jb: Ò†n Avn‡j wKZve! †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i a‡g©i e¨vcv‡i evovevox Ki bv Ges Avj−vni kv‡b mZ¨ e¨ZxZ Avi wKQyB ej bv| wbðqB gmxn Cmv web gwiqg Avj −vni ivm~j e¨ZxZ Ab¨ wKQy b‡nb| wZwb Avj−vni Kvwjgv hv‡K gwiq‡gi wbKU †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb Ges wZwb Avj −vni c¶ †_‡K GKwU Avw`ó iƒn| AZGe †Zvgiv Avj−vni cÖwZ wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ki Ges wZb †Lv`v ej bv| †Zvgiv G †_‡K weiZ _vK| GUv †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ g½j RbK| Avj−vnB GKgvÎ Dcvm¨, mš—vb nIqv †_‡K wZwb cweÎ| AvKvk mg~n I c„w_ex‡Z hv wKQy Av‡Q mewKQyi gvwjK wZwb| Kvh© m¤úv`‡b Avj−vnB h‡_óÓ| 3 Avj −vni cyÎ Ges wLª÷vbiv e‡jÓ gvmxn Avj−vni cyÎ, Dnv Zv‡`i gy‡Li K_v| G‡`i K_v BwZ c~‡e©Kvi Kv‡di‡`i K_vi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©| Avj−vn G‡`i‡K aŸsm Ki“b| Kvw`qvbxiv †h AvKx`v †cvlY K‡i , Gi Dci Zv‡`i‡K gnvb Avj−vn hv e‡j‡Qb Zv Qvov Avgiv Avi wKQyB eje bv| wZwb e‡j‡Qb: ÒG‡`i K_v c~‡e©Kvi Kv‡di‡`i K_vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©| Avj−vn Zv‡`i aŸsm Ki“b| †Kgb K‡i Zviv D‡ëv w`‡K wd‡i hv‡”QÓ? Avgiv Kvw`qvbx‡`i wØZxq AvKx`vi w`‡K hvIqvi c~‡e© G K_vi cÖwZ Bw½Z Ki‡Z

1 myiv BLjvQ 2 myiv gv‡q`v- 17 1 myiv wbmv- 171

101

PvB †h, Kvw`qvbxiv †Mvjvg‡K †h cÖfyi cyÎ e‡j `vweK‡i, †m nj Bs‡iR| †hgb, †Mvjvg Avng` ¯úó K‡i e‡j‡Q: ÔAvgvi cÖwZ Bs‡iwR fvlvq K‡qKevi Bjnvg n‡q‡Q| †klev‡i G Bjnvg nq: I can do what I will A_©vr ÔAvwg hv PvB, ZvB Ki‡Z cvwi|Õ K_vi D”PviY I evK¨ fw½ †_‡K Avwg eyS‡Z cvijvg †hb GKRb Bs‡iR Avgvi gv_vi Kv‡Q uvwo‡q K_v ej‡Q| (†Mvjvg iwPZ- Ôevivnx‡b Avngw`qvÕ 480 c„ôv) GLb Avgiv LZ‡g beyq¨Z m¤ú‡K© Kvw`qvbx‡`i AvKx`vi K_v D‡j−L KiwQ| Kvw`qvbxiv G wek¦vm K‡i †h, gynv¤§‡` Avivex mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−g Øviv beyq¨Z †kl nqwb eis beyq¨Z Pj‡Z _vK‡e| †Mvjvg cyÎ I Zvi wØZxq Ljxdv e‡j- ÔAvgiv (Kvw`qvbxiv) wek¦vm Kwi †h, Avj −vn ZvAvjv cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i G D¤§‡Zi ms‡kvab I †n`v‡q‡Zi Rb¨ bexMY †cÖiY Ki‡Z _vK‡ebÕ| (†Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy Avng‡`i cÖeÜ, hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔAvj-dR‡ji, Aš—f©y³ Ges 1925 mv‡ji 14B †g Zvwi‡L cÖKvwkZ|) †m Av‡iv wj‡L‡Q- ÒZviv wK g‡b K‡i Avj −vni fvÊvi wbt‡kl n‡q †M‡Q | Zv‡`i G aviYv åvš—| †Kbbv Avj −vni Kz`iZ m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i G aviYv åvš—| †Kbbv, Avj−vni Kz`iZ m¤ú‡K© Zv‡`i aviYv †bB| Zv bv n‡j †Kv_vq GK bex, eis Avwg ewj, AwP‡iB nvRvi nvRvi bexi AvMgb NU‡eÓ| (†Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy Avng` iwPZ ÔAvbIqvi“j †LjvdZÕ 62 c„:) G Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv‡K GK`v wRÁvmv Kiv nj: fwel¨‡Z bexM‡Yi AvMgb wK m¤¢e? †m DËi w`j nu v, bexMY wKqvgZ ch©š— Avm‡Z _vK‡eb| KviY, c„w_ex‡Z hZ¶Y ch©š— d¨vmv` we`¨gvb _vK‡e, ZZ¶Y ch©š— bexM‡Yi AvMgb Acwinvh©| (Avj-dRj, 27‡k †deª:, 1927 L„:|) G wb‡e©va eyS‡Z cv‡iwb †h, ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−g hveZxq dvmv` I Dnvi cÖwZKv‡ii eY©bv w`‡q †M‡Qb| Kv‡RB, †Kvb bZzb bexi AvMg‡bi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i bv| G w`‡KB bex Kixg Zuvi evYx‡Z Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb: ÔeYx BmivB‡ji

102

ZË¡veavb Ki‡Zb bexMY| hLbB †Kvb bexi wZ‡ivavb NUZ, ZLb Ab¨ bex Zuvi ¯’jvwfwl³ n‡Zb| wbðqB Avgvi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex †bB, Kv‡RB eû msL¨K Ljxdv AvMgb Ki‡ebÓ| 1 nv`x‡mi Zvrch© nj GB LjxdvM‡Yi KZ©e¨ n‡e †h Zviv Bmjvg cÖPvi, LuvwU a‡g©i cÖmvi I gymjgvb‡`i ms¯‹v‡ii `vwqZ¡ MÖnY Ki‡eb| †hgwb fv‡e ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi DËivwaKvix Djvgv‡q †KivgMY G `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i hv‡eb| mnxn eyLvix‡Z Av‡Q- ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb:- Av‡jgMY bex‡`i DËivwaKvix|Õ 2 Gi cÖwZB Avj−vn ZvAvjv Zuvi Kvjv‡g Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb: ÔcÖ‡Z¨K eo m¤úÖ vq n‡Z GK GKwU †QvU `j Øx‡bi Ávb jvf Kivi Rb¨ †Kb †ei nq bv? hLb Zviv Zv‡`i m¤úÖ`v‡qi Kv‡Q wd‡i Avm‡e, ZLb Zv‡`i‡K fq cÖ k©b Ki‡e|Ó 3 G AvK¡x`v‡K Zviv ïay G Rb¨B ˆZwi K‡i‡Q, hv‡Z †Mvjvg Avng‡`i beyq‡Zi `vwe‡K kw³kvjx Kiv hvq| b‡Pr †Mvjvg Avng` †Kvb dvmv‡`i ms¯‹vi K‡i‡Q? eis †m B †Zv duvmv‡`i GKwU Drm| †Mvjvg Zvi cyÎ I Ljxdvi b¨vq K_v e‡j‡Q, ÒwbðqB bexM‡Yi AvMgb Avj −vni GKUv AbyMÖn Ges Zv‡`i avivevwnKZv K_bI wew”Qbœ n‡e bv| GUv Avj−vni weavb| †Zvgiv GUv‡K †VKv‡Z cvi‡e bv |Ó (†Mvjv‡gi ÔwKZv‡e wkqvj‡KvUÕ Gi mvi ms‡¶c, 22c„t) hLb beyq‡Zi AvKv‡i nq| G †MvjvgB me©cÖ_g G‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i| G Rb¨B Kvw`qvbxiv wek¦vm K‡i †h, †Mvjvg Avng` Avj−vni bex I ivm~j| ïay ZvB b‡n, eis †m mKj bex ivm~jMY n‡Z DËg| †m c~e©eZ©x I cieZ©x‡`i †MŠie| Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i cÖwZôvZv I Zv‡`i wg_¨v bex †Mvjvg Zvi wb‡Ri Ae¯’v eY©bv K‡i e‡j: ÔAvwg H Avj −vni kc_ K‡i ejwQ, hvi nv‡Z Avgvi cÖvY, wZwb

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103

Avgv‡K ivm~j evwb‡q cvwV‡q‡Qb Ges bex bv‡g AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb| Avi, Avgv‡K gmx‡n gvID` e‡j AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb Ges Avgvi `vwei mg_©‡b wZb nvRvi wb`k©b AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb|Ó (†Mvjvg iwPZ nvKxKZzj Inxi cwiwkó, 68 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j: wZwbB mZ¨ cÖfy, whwb Kvw`qvbx Zvi ivm~j cvwV‡q‡Qb|Õ (Kvw`qvb Zvi Avfvm f~wgi bvg)Avj −vn ZvAvjv Kvw`qvb‡K wndvRZ Ki‡eb Ges †c−M †ivM, †_‡K i¶v Ki‡eb| kw³gvb civµgkvjx Avj−vni Kz`iZ †h, MÖvg‡K fÊbex Kvw`qvbx wb‡Ri Ae¯’vb I åvš— gZev` w`‡q AcweÎ K‡i‡Q †mB Kvw`qv‡b †c−M †ivM †`Lv †`q| hv‡Z Zvi `vwe wg_¨v cÖwZcbœ nq, A_P Av‡k cv‡ki kni-MÖv‡g GB †ivM we —…wZ jvf K‡iwb| c‡i GB †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx Zvi k¦ï‡ii Kv‡Q wjwLZ GKwU c‡Î ¯^qs GB †c−M †iv‡Mi K_v ^xKvi K‡i| †m wj‡L‡Q: GLv‡b (Kvw`qv‡b) †c−M †ivM Pi‡g †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| gvbyl Gi Øviv Avµvš— n‡j K‡qK NbUvi g‡a¨B gviv hvq|(gvKZzev‡Z Avngw`qv 5g LÊ 112 c„:) D³ e¨w³i wbKU †jLv Ab¨ GKwU c‡Î †m e‡j: †c−M †ivM MÖv‡g Xy‡K c‡o‡Q, GgbwK Avgv‡`i N‡iI Xy‡K c‡o‡Q| †MvQvbv Avµvš— Zv‡K Ni †_‡K †ei K‡i w`‡q‡Q , †hgb †ei K‡i w`‡qwQ Rbve †gvnv¤§` Øxb‡K| †Kbbv, †mI Avµvš— | AvR w`j −x †_‡K AvMZ Avgv‡`i GK †gngvb †g‡q †jvK Avµvš— n‡jv| hw`I Gi cÖ‡Kvc mËzi eQi ch©š— Pj‡Z _v‡K| †Kbbv, GUv Zvi ivm~‡ji evm ’vb Ges G‡Z mKj RvwZi Rb¨ wb`k©b i‡q‡Q|Õ (†Mvjvg iwPZ `v‡dDj evjvÕ 10I 11 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j: Avgvi †imvjvZ cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ Avj−vn ZvAvjv GZ †ewk msL¨K wb`k©b †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb, hw` Zv GK nvRvi bexi g‡a¨ eÈb K‡i †`qv nq, Z‡e G‡ZB Zv‡`i †imvjZ cÖgvwYZ n‡q hv‡e| wKš‘ gvbe kqZvbiv GUv wek¦vm K‡i bv |(†Mvjvg iwPZ AvBbyj gv‡idZ 317 c„:) Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj dRj wj‡L‡Q, †h A‡_© c~e©eZ©x bex ivm~jMY‡K bex ivm~j ejv nZ †mB A‡_©

104

†Mvjvg Avng`I bex Ges ivm~j| (Avj dRj, 13 †m‡Þ¤^i 1914L„t) G cwÎKvwU Ôgymjgvb‡`i cÖwZ AvnŸvbÕ wk‡ivbv‡g cÖPvi K‡i: Ò†n †jv‡Kiv, hviv Bmjv‡gi `vweKi, †Zvgiv cÖK…Z Bmjv‡gi w`‡K Avm, hv †Zvgiv gvmx‡n gvID` (A_©vr †Mvjvg Avng`) e¨ZxZ Avi Kv‡iv Kv‡Q cv‡e bv| Zvi ØvivB †Zvgv‡`i cyY¨ I †Lv`v fxwZi c_ Lyj‡e, Zvi Abymi‡Y gvbeRvwZ mdjZv I gyw³ jvf Ki‡e, Ges Mš—e¨ ’‡j †cuŠQv‡e| wZwbB n‡jb c~e©eZ©x cieZ©x‡`i †MŠie|(Avj-dRj, 26 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1915 L„:) fÊbex Kvw`qvbxi cyÎ Ges Kvw`qvbx‡`i †bZv ekxi Avng` wj‡L‡Q: G K_v ev¯—e mZ¨ †h, †Mvjvg Avng` bex I ivm~j †_‡K DËg e‡j wek¦vm K‡i| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg I i‡q‡Qb GLv‡b Avgiv ïay G‡`i `ÔwU Dw³ D‡j−L KivB h‡_ó g‡b Kwi| fÊbex Kvw`qvbx e‡j, ÔAvgv‡K hv wKQy Avj−vn w`‡q‡Qb, Zv RMrevmxi g‡a¨ Avi KvD‡K †`bwb|Õ (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi- nvwKK‡Z Inxi cwiwkó, 87 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j: mKj bexMY‡K hv wKQy †`qv n‡q‡Q, Zv GKvB Avgv‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q| (†Mvjv‡gi yi‡i Qvgxb 287 c„:) Kvw`qvbx‡`i GKUv AvKx`v nj GB †h, wReªvCj AvjvBwnm mvjvg †Mvjvg Avng‡`i wbKU AeZiY Ki‡Zb| A_P mKj gymjgvb G wek¦vm †cvlY K‡ib †h, gynv¤§‡`i c‡i wReªvCj AvjvBwnm mvjvg Avi Kv‡iv Kv‡Q AeZiY K‡ib wb| †Mvjvg cyÎ I Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ljxdv gvngy Avng` e‡j: Avgvi eqm hLb bq eQi, †m mgq Avwg Ges Avgvi mv_x GKRb QvÎ Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z †LjwQjvg| Ggwb GK mgq †Ljv ayjvi Aem‡i Avgiv GKwU cy —K †`L‡Z †cjvg| Avgiv Dnv Lyjjvg hv co‡ZI m¶g wQjvg| Kv‡RB, Avgiv Dnvi wKQy Ask cojvg| Avgv‡`i covi g‡a¨ G K_vwU wQj ÒwbðqB wReªvCj AvjvBwnm mvjvg GLb AeZiY K‡ib bvÓ| Avwg ejjvg GUv wg_¨v K_v| †Kbbv, wReªvCj Avgvi wcZvi Kv‡Q AvMgb K‡ib| H QvÎwU Zv A ^xKvi K‡i ejj:

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bv, †Kbbv G cy —‡K †jLv Av‡Q †h, wReªvCj AvjvBwnm mvjvg AeZiY K‡ib bv| Avgiv `ÔR‡bi g‡a¨ SMov †j‡M †Mj| ZvB Avgiv Avgvi wcZvi wbKU †Mjvg Ges Zv‡K wRÁvmv Kijvg| Dˇi wZwb ej‡jb- wKZv‡e hv †jLv Av‡Q Zv fyj| †Kbbv wReªvCj Avt. GLbI AeZiY K‡ib| (gvngy` Avng‡`i fvlY, hv Avj dRj cwÎKv †_‡K DׄZ Ges 10 GwcÖj 1922 L„: cÖKvwkZ) †Mvjvg wb‡RB e‡j: wReªvCj Avt. AvMgb K‡i Avgv‡K cQ›` Ki‡jb Ges Zvi AvOyj Nywi‡q Avgvi w`‡K Bw½Z K‡i ej‡jb, Avj −vn ZvÔAvjv †Zvgv‡K kΓMY n‡Z i¶v Ki‡eb| (†Mvjvg iwPZ ÔgvIqvwneyi ingvbÕ 43 c„ôv) Kvw`qvbxiv GUvI wek¦vm K‡i †h, †Mvjv‡gi wbKU Inx Av‡m Ges Zvi Dci Avj −vni Kvjvg AeZxY© nq| ïay GB b‡n, eis Zvi Inx gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Inxi mgZzj¨ Ges Zvi GjnvgvZ KziAv‡bi gZB| Gi Dci Cgvb Avbqb Kiv Aek¨B KZ©e¨| KvRx gynv¤§` BDmyd Kvw`qvbx e‡j: †Mvjvg Avng` Avw`ó n‡q‡Qb †h, Zvi Kv‡Q †h Inx Av‡m Zv Zvi RvgvZ‡K ïbv‡eb| Abyiƒcfv‡e Dnvi Dci wek¦vm Kiv Kvw`qvbx‡`i KZ©e¨| †Kbbv, Avj −vni Kvjvg G D‡Ï‡k¨ †cuŠ‡Q _v‡K A_©vr Dnv‡Z wek¦vm Kiv Ges Zv Kv‡h© cwiYZ KivB D‡Ïk¨| G gh©v`v bexMY Qvov Avi Kv‡iv †bB †h, Zv‡`i Inx‡Z Cgvb Avb‡Z n‡e| (gynv¤§` BDmyd iwPZ ÔAvb beyq¨Z wdj Bmjvg Õ 28 c„:) †Mvjvg e‡j: Ôgnvb Avj−vni kc_! Avwg Avgvi Inx‡Z wek¦vm Kwi, †hgb KziAvb I Ab¨vb¨ Avmgvwb wKZv‡e wek¦vm ivwL| Avi, Avwg wek¦vm Kwi †h, †h Kvjvg Avgvi Dci AeZxY© nq, Dnv Avj −vni wbKU n‡ZB AeZxY© nq| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avwg wek¦vm Kwi †h, KziAvb Avj−vni wbKU †_‡K AeZxY© n‡q‡Q|Õ (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx iwPZ-nvKxKvZzj InxÕ 211 c„:) †m Av‡iv ej‡Q: Avgvi wbKU †h BjnvgvZ AeZxY© nq, Dnv‡Z Avwg Giƒc wek¦vm Kwi †hgb ZvIivZ, BwÄj I KziAv‡b wek¦vm ivwL| (Zvejx‡M †imvjvZÕ

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6LÛ, 64c„t) Kvw`qvbx‡`i GK cÖavb RvjvjyÏxb mvgQ wj‡L‡Q Ô†Mvjvg Avng‡`i Inxi gh©v`v AweKj KziAvb, BwÄj I ZvIiv‡Zi gh©v`vi mgvb|Õ (RvjvjyÏxb iwPZ AvwKevZzj gybwKwib †LjvdvnÕ 49 c„:) †h‡nZz Kvw`qvbxiv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i cÖjvcmg~n‡K KziAv‡bi gZB g‡b K‡i ZvB Zviv e‡j †h, †h mKj nv`x‡m †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Dw³i wecixZ n‡e, Dnv cÖZ¨vL¨vZ; hw`I Dnv cÖK…Z c‡¶ weï× nv`xm n‡q _v‡K| Abyiƒcfv‡e, †h mKj nv`xm †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Dw³i †gvZv‡eK Dnv weï×| hw`I Dnv cÖK…Z c‡¶ gIhy (Rvj) ev wg_¨v n‡q _v‡K| Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ljxdv gvngy` Avng` e‡j: †Mvjvg Avng‡`i K_v wbf©i‡hvM¨| Gi Dci wbf©i Kiv hvq| wKš‘ nv`xm mg~‡ni Ae ’v Gi wecixZ| †Kbbv, nv`xm mg~n †Zv Avgiv ivm~jyj−vni gyL †_‡K ïwb wb, Avi †Mvjvg Avng‡`i K_v Avgiv Zvi gyL †_‡KB ï‡bwQ| Kv‡RB nv`xm mnxn n‡j Dnv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Dw³i wecixZ nIqv m¤¢e b‡n| (†Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy Avng‡`i Dw³ hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj-dR‡j DׄZ, 29 GwcÖj 1915 L„:) G cwÎKvwU Av‡iv cÖPvi K‡i‡Q- ÔGK †e-Av`e wj‡L‡Q, †Mvjv‡gi †h mKj Dw³ weï× nv`x‡mi wecixZ Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kiv DwPZ| G wb‡e©va! eyS‡Z cv‡iwb †h, Gi Øviv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i mZ¨ `vwe¸‡jv A ^xKvi Kiv Acwinvh© n‡q co‡Z cv‡i| c¶vš—‡i †Kvb †Kvb nv`xm GgbI i‡q‡Q, †h ¸‡jv‡K Av‡jgMY ye©j mve¨¯— K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i bex †Mvjvg Avng` e‡jb †h, Bnv weï×| myZivs Avgiv Zvi K_v wek¦vm Kie I‡`i K_v b‡n| wZwb †h nv`xm‡K weï× e‡jb AvgivI Dnv‡K weï× eje| Avi †h nv`xm‡K wZwb ye©j e‡jb, AvgivI Dnv‡K ye©j eje| †Kbbv, nv`xm mg~n ivex‡`i gva¨‡g Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| Avgiv mivmwi ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K ïwbwb| Z‡e †Mvjvg Avng‡`i K_vi Dci Avgiv G Rb¨ wbf©i Kwi †h, wZwb Avj −vni wbKU †_‡K AewnZ nIqvi ci Avgv‡`i‡K

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msev` w`‡q‡Qb| Avi wZwb n‡jb GKRb R¨vš— bex| †gvU K_v, †h nv`xm †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Dw³i wecixZ n‡e, nq‡Zv Dnv e¨vL¨v mv‡c¶ A_ev Dnv weï× b‡n| (Avj- dRj, 29 GwcÖj, 1915 L„:) Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ljxdv I Zv‡`i †bZv e‡j: Ôgmx‡n gvID`Õ (†Mvjvg) †h KziAvb †ck K‡i‡Qb Dnv wfbœ Avi †Kvb KziAvb †bB| †h nv`xm †Mvjvg Avng‡`i wk¶vi Av‡jv‡K n‡e, Dnv wfbœ Avi †Kvb nv`xm †bB| Ges †Mvjvg Avng‡`i †bZ…Z¡ ewnf©~Z †Kvb bex †bB| †h e¨w³ gynv¤§`‡K mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg‡K †`L‡Z Pvq, †m †hb †Mvjvg Avng‡`i cÖwZ”Qwe †`‡L †bq| †Kbbv, †h e¨w³ Zvi gva¨g Qvov gynv¤§`‡K †`L‡Z Pvq, Zvi c‡¶ Dnv m¤¢e b‡n| Abyiƒcfv‡e †Kn hw` Zvi gva¨g Qvov KziAvb †`L‡Z Pvq, Z‡e GB KziAvb †mB KziAvb b‡n| hvnv hv‡K B”Qv Zv‡K c_ cÖ`k©b K‡i, eis Dnv †mB KziAvb n‡e, hvnv hv‡K B”Qv Zv‡K c_åó K‡i| Abyiƒcfv‡e †Mvjvg Avng‡`i e¨vL¨v Qvov nv`x‡mi †Kvb g~j¨ †bB| †Kbbv, cÖ‡Z¨‡K G †_‡K hv B”Qv Zv †ei Ki‡Z cv‡i|Õ (Rygvi LyZev hv †Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy` Avng` Kvw`qv‡b cÖ vb K‡iwQj, Dnv ÔAvj-dRj ÔcwÎKvi Aš—f©y³, 15 RyjvB 1924 L„:) Kvw`qvbx‡`i Av‡iKwU AvKx`v nj GB †h, †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Dci wKZve AeZxY© n‡q‡Q, †hiƒcfv‡e cÖavb ivm~jM‡Yi Dci wKZve AeZxY© n‡qwQj| Zvi Dci hv AeZxY© n‡q‡Q, Dnv Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK bexi Dci hv AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Zvi †P‡qI AwaK| Ab¨vb¨ Avmgvwb wKZve †hfv‡e wZjvIqvZ Kiv nq, Abyiƒcfv‡e, G wKZvewUI wZjvIqvZ Kiv Acwinvh©| †h wKZvewU Zvi Dci AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Dnvi bvg ÔAvj-wKZveyj gyweb|Õ Av‡iv D‡j−L‡hvM¨ †h, Kvw`qvbx‡`i KziAv‡b wek Ask i‡q‡Q| Ggwb fv‡e Zv wewfbœ Avqv‡ZI wef³| Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv wjL‡Q- †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Dci Zvi cÖfyi KvQ †_‡K hv AeZxY© n‡q‡Q, Zv †h †Kvb bexi Dci hv AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Zvi †P‡q Kg b‡n| eis Dnv A‡bK bexi †P‡q

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†ewk| (Avj-dRj 15 †deª: 1919 L„:) gynv¤§` BDmyd Kvw`qvbx Zvi cy —‡K wjL‡Q- Avj −vn ZvAvjv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Bjnvgv‡Zi mgwó‡K ÔAvj wKZveyj gywebÕ bv‡g AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb| GK GKUv Bjnv‡gi bvg GK GKwU AvqvZ †h e¨w³ wek¦vm K‡i †h, bexi Rb¨ wKZve jvf Kiv Acwinvh©; Zvi KZ©e¨ nj †Mvjvg Avng‡`i beyq¨Z I †imvjZ‡K wek¦vm Kiv| †Kbbv, Avj−vn ZvAvjv Zvi Rb¨ GKwU wKZve AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Ges ÔAvjwKZveyj gywebÕ bv‡g Dnvi bvgKiY K‡i‡Qb| Avi G ¸‡Y Zv‡K f~wlZ K‡i‡Qb|Õ hw`I Kv‡diMY Zv AcQ›` K‡i| (gynv¤§` BDmyd Kvw`qvbx iwPZ ÔAvb-beyq¨Z wdj BmjvgÕ 43 c„:) Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv Kvw`qv‡b cÖ Ë Zvi C‡`i LyZevq e‡j‡Q: cÖK…Z C` Avgv‡`i Rb¨; Z‡e cÖ‡qvR‡bi Pvwn`v nj GB †h, gmx‡n gvID‡`i (†Mvjv‡gi) Dci Avj −vni †h Kvjvg AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Dnv Avgv‡`i cvV Kiv I Abyaveb Kiv DwPZ| Lye Kg †jvK Av‡Q hviv G Kvjvg cvV K‡i Ges Gi ya cvb K‡i| A_P Acivci wKZve hZB cvV Kiv †nvK bv †Kb Dnv‡Z †m ^v` I Avb›` †bB hv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Dci AeZxY© wKZve

cvV Ki‡j jvf Kiv hvq| (Avj-dRj, 3iv GwcÖj 1928 L„:) †Mvjvg Avng` Zvi Kvjv‡gi eY©bvq e‡j: Avgvi Dci GZ AwaK cwigvY Avj−vni Kvjvg AeZxY© n‡q‡Q; hw` Dnv GKwÎZ Kiv hvq, Z‡e wek L‡Êi Kg n‡e bv| (†Mvjvg Kw`qvbxi ÔnvKxKZzj InxÕ 391 c„:) Kvw`qvbxiv Av‡iv wek¦vm K‡i †h, Zviv ^qs m¤ú~Y© GKwU a‡g©i AwaKvix Ges Zv‡`i kixqZ GKUv ¯^Zš¿ kixqZ| †Mvjvg Avng‡`i m½x mv_x mvnvevM‡Yi gZB Ges Zvi D¤§Z GKwU bZzb D¤§Z| Kvw`qvbx‡`i cwÎKv GKwU cÖeÜ cÖPvi K‡i‡Q| Dnv‡Z Av‡Q-ÔAvj−vn ZvAvjv G †imvjvZ‡K Kvw`qvb bvgK DRvo ew¯—‡Z cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb Ges G ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †Mvjvg Avng`‡K wbe©vwPZ K‡i‡Qb, whwb cvim¨ es‡kv™¢yZ| Zv‡K e‡j w`‡q‡Qb- ÒAvwg †Zvgvi bvg c„w_exi †kl ch©š— †cuŠ‡Q †`e Ges kw³

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w`‡q †Zvgv‡K mvnvh¨ Kie| Zzwg †h ag© wb‡q AvMgb K‡iQ, Dnv‡K mKj a‡g©i Dci weRqx Kie| Avi G weRq wKqvgZ ch©š— ’vqx _vK‡e|Ó (Avj-dRj cwÎKv 3iv †deªy: 1953 L„:) cwÎKvwU Av‡iv cÖPvi K‡i‡Q †h, Ô†h e¨w³ Kvw`qvbx ag© MÖnY Kiv Ae ’vq †Mvjvg Avng`‡K †`‡L‡Q, Zv‡K mvnvex ejv n‡e|Õ (Avj-dRj, 13 †m‡Þ¤^i 1936 L„:) †Mvjvg Avng` wb‡RB G g‡Zi e¨vL¨v w`‡q e‡j‡Q- †h e¨w³ Avgvi Rvgv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e, †m ev¯—‡e mvB‡q yj gyimvjx‡bi mvnvevM‡Yi Aš—f©y³ n‡q hv‡e| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔLyZev‡q BjnvwgqvÕ 171 c„:) Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv G m~Î a‡i e‡j: Ô†Mvjvg Avng‡`i RvgvZ cÖK…Z c‡¶ gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−v‡gi mvnvex‡`i RvgvZ| Zv‡`i Dci †hgb ivm~jyj −vni d‡qR I eiKZ mg~n Rvwi nq Ggwb fv‡e †Kvb cv_©K¨ QvovB Zvi Rvgv‡Zi Dci ivm~jyj −vni d‡qR I eiKZ Rvwi nq| (Avj-dRj 1g Rvbyqvwi 1914 L„:) Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv gvngy Avng` Zvi RvgvZ‡K H mKj †jv‡Ki mv‡_ mv¶v‡Zi Dci ¸i“Z¡ w`‡q e‡j‡Q †h, Ôgmx‡n gvID‡`i (†Mvjv‡gi) Avmnv‡ei mwnZ †Zvgv‡`i mv¶vr Kiv DwPZ|Õ G‡`i g‡a¨ A‡b‡KB Ggb Av‡Q, hv‡`i Pzj G‡jv‡g‡jv Ges gwjb| wKš‘ Avj−vn ZvAvjv ¯^qs Zv‡`i cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb| (gvngy Avng‡`i cÖeÜ hv Avj-dRj cwÎKvq cÖPvwiZ, 8Rvbyqvix 1932 L„:) GLb Avgiv ^qs †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Av‡jvPbv KiwQ| †m Zvi D¤§‡Zi K_v D‡j−L K‡i e‡j: ÔAvgvi D¤§Z yÕfv‡M wef³| GK `j wLª÷ a‡g©i is Aej¤^b Ki‡e I aŸsm n‡q hv‡e| Aci `j gvn`xi is MÖnY Ki‡e| (†Mvjv‡gi Dw³mg~n hv Avj-dRj cwÎKvi Aš—f©y³, 26 †k Rvbyqvwi 1916 L„:) Abyiƒcfv‡e, GB †Mvjvg Avng` Zvi kixq‡Zi D‡j−L K‡i e‡j: kixqZ wK? Zv †Zvgiv ey‡S bvI| Av‡`k wb‡l‡ai eY©bv Kivi bvg kixqZ| †h e¨w³ G KvR Ki‡e Ges Zvi D¤§‡Zi Rb¨ AvBb Kvbyb wba©viY Ki‡e †mB nj Qv‡n‡e kixqZ|

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myZivs AvwgB Qv‡n‡e kixqZ| †Kbbv, Avgvi Kv‡Q Av‡`k wb‡la m¤ú‡K© Inx Av‡m| Avi kixq‡Zi Rb¨ GUv Ri“wi b‡n †h, Zv bZzb bZzb AvnKvg msewjZ n‡e| †Kbbv, KziAv‡b †h mg — wk¶v i‡q‡Q ZvIiv‡ZI Zv eZ©gvb| eiKZgq gnvb Avj−vn G w`‡KB Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb- ÔwbðqB GUv c~‡e©Kvi mnxdv mg~‡ni g‡a¨ Av‡Q A_©vr Beªvnxg AvjvBwnm mvjvg I gymvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg mnxdv‡Z i‡q‡Q|Ó 1 (†Mvjvg iwPZ ÔAvievCbÕ 4 b¤^i 7c„t) Kvw`qvbxiv G AvKx`v I †cvlY K‡i †h, Kvw`qvb A_©vr †h Rbc‡` `v¾vj, wg_¨vev`x, weK…Z gw¯—®‹ †Mvjvg Avng` Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Q, Dnv g°v gyKviigv I gw`bv gybvIqviv mgZzj¨| eis G `yÕ ’vb n‡ZI DËg| Avi Dnvi f~wg †n‡i‡gi f~wg Ges Dnv‡Z Avj−vni A‡bK wb`k©bv ejx i‡q‡Q| Dnv‡Z Ggb GKwU Ask i‡q‡Q hv †e‡n‡¯—i GK UzKiv| GLv‡b Ggb GKwU †Mvi ’vb i‡q‡Q, hvi Dci gynv¤§v yi ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg mvjvg †cÖiY K‡ib Ges KziAv‡b Gi D‡j−L i‡q‡Q| Kvw`qv‡bi gmwR`, gmwR‡` beex, gmwR‡` nvivg I gmwR‡` AvKmvi mgZzj¨, eis ^qs G gnj −v gymjgvb‡`i wKejv I KvÕev mv „k¨| Kvw`qvbx‡`i GK Awfkß e¨w³ ÔAvj-dRj cwÎKvq wjL‡Q, hvi fvl¨ nj: ÔKvw`qvb wK? Kvw`qvb nj Avj −vni Rvjvjx kvb I Kz i‡Zi GKwU cÖKvk¨ wb`k©b| Ggwb fv‡e gmx‡n gvID` (†Mvjvg) e‡j‡Qb- ÔBnv ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg Gi `vi“j †LjvdZ Ges gvmx‡ni evm ’vb, Rb¥ ’vb I mgvwa ’j| G Rbc‡`B i‡q‡Q Ggb GKUv Ni †hLv‡b emevm Ki‡Zb we‡k¦i gyw³`vZv, `v¾v‡ji NvZK Ges (wLª÷vb‡`i) µ‡mi P~Y© weP~Y©Kvix ( ^cœ RM‡Z) Avi Bmjvg ag©‡K mKj a‡g©i Dci weRq `vbKvix| (Avj-dRj, 13B wW‡m¤^i 1939 L„:) Ab¨ GK wg_¨vev`x wjL‡Q ÔGUv Avj−vni b~i mg~‡ni AeZiY ’j, Bnvi Awj-Mwj 1myiv Avj AvÕjv 18-19

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I M„n mg~‡n Kj¨vY wbwnZ i‡q‡Q| Zvi cÖ‡Z¨KwU BU Avj−vni GK GKwU wb`k©b| Gi gmwR` mg~n byivbx Ges Dnvi gyqvw¾‡bi Avhvb †R¨vwZ®§vb| G mKj gmwR‡`i wgbvi mg~n n‡Z Ggb aŸwb D”PvwiZ nq hv Avie DcØx‡c †PŠÏ kZvãx c~‡e© D”PvwiZ n‡qwQj| (Avj-dRj 1jv Rvbyqvwi 1929 L„:) Kvw`qv‡bi Ljxdv gvngy Avng` e‡j: ÔAvwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K mZ¨ ejwQ, Avj −vn Avgv‡K msev` w`‡q‡Qb †h, Kvw`qv‡bi f~wg eiKZgq, Dnv‡Z AweKj H mKj eiKZ AeZxY© nq hv g°v gyKviigv I gw`bv gybvIqvivq AeZxY© n‡q _v‡K| (†Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy` Avng‡`i evYx hv ÔAvj-dRjÕ cwÎKv †_‡K DׄZ, 10 wW‡m¤^i 1932 L„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q Kvw`qvbx Avj −vni †bqvgZ I eiKZ mg~‡ni AeZiY ’j| G mg — eiKZ I d‡qR mg~n †hfv‡e Kvw`qvbx AeZxY© nq, Ab¨ †Kv_vqI †Zgwb AeZxY© nq bv| †Mvjvg Avng`I e‡j‡Q: †h e¨w³ Kvw`qv‡b Avm‡e bv, Avwg Zvi Cgv‡bi Dci Avk¼v Kwi|Õ (†Mvjvg cyÎ I Zvi wØZxq Ljxdv KZ©…K iwPZ ÔAvbIqvi“j †LjvdZÕ 117 c„:) Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj-dRjÕ cÖPvi K‡i‡Q; †h gmwR‡` AvKmvi w`‡K ivm~jyj−vn‡K ivw·ejv ågY Kivb n‡qwQj, Zv nj H gmwR` hv Kvw`qvbx Aew ’Z| Avi g~j e³e¨ nj GB Avj −vni evYx| ÒH Avj−vn cweÎ whwb ^xq ev›`v‡K iv‡Zi †ejv gmwR‡` nvivg n‡Z gmwR‡` AvKmvi cÖwZ ågY Kwi‡q wQ‡jb, hvi PZzc©vk¦ Avwg eiKZgq K‡i †i‡LwQ|Ó 1 Dnv‡Z gmwR‡` AvKmvi Øviv Kvw`qv‡bi gmwR`‡K D‡Ïk¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Kbbv, ivm~jyj−vn‡K ivwÎKv‡j H gmwR‡`i w`‡K ågY Kivb n‡qwQj hv Kvw`qv‡bi c~e© cÖv‡š— Aew¯’Z Ges hv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i H mKj KvgvjvZ I eiK‡Zi R¨vš— Qwe, hv ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Zv‡K `vb K‡iwQ‡jb| (Avj dRj, 21 AvM÷, 1932 L„:) GB Kvw`qvbx `v¾vj D³ gmwR`‡K evBZzj nviv‡gi m‡½ 1 myiv eYx BmivBj-1

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Zzjbv K‡i e‡j: Kvw`qv‡b Aew ’Z Avgvi gmwR‡`i eY©bv †`Iqvi Rb¨ Avj−vn ZvAvjv KziAv‡b Zuvi evYx- ÒAvi †h e¨w³ G‡Z cÖ‡ek Kij †m wbivc` n‡q †Mj|1 AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx iwPZ ÒGRvjvZzj AvInvgÓ 75 c„:) †Mvjv‡gi R‰bK f³ Avj dRj cwÎKvq wj‡L‡Q, ÔAvie f~wg hw` †n‡ig kixd Øviv Me© Ki‡Z cv‡i Z‡e Abvie f~wg Kvw`qvb f~wg Øviv Me© Ki‡Z cvi‡e|Õ (Avj-dR‡j, cÖKvwkZ 19‡k †m‡Þ¤^i, 1932 L„:) G cwÎKvwU‡ZB Kvw`qv‡bi cÖksmvq R‰bK Kvw`qvbxi iwPZ GKwU Kvmx`v cÖPvwiZ n‡q‡Q| G‡Z Av‡Q, †n Kvw`qv‡bi f~wg †Zvgvi D¾¡j cwi‡ek‡K wK eje, hÏviv eo eo P¶z wewkó ûiM‡Yi P¶z Av‡jvwKZ nq| Avi Avwg †Zvgv‡K wK eje? ZzwgB wK¡ejv I KvÕev Ges †d‡i¯—vM‡Yi gmwR`|Ó (Avj-dRj, 18 B AvM÷ 1932 L„:) Kw`qvbx Ljxdv Rygvqvi LyZev w`‡Z wM‡q e‡j- Kvw`qvb c„w_exi †K› ª ’j Ges Zv mKj Rbc‡`i g~j| G cweÎ f~wg Qvov †Kvb cÖKv‡ii DcKvwiZv jvf Kiv m¤¢e b‡n|(Rygvqvi LyZev hv †Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy` Avng` Kvw`qv‡b cÖ vb K‡iwQj Ges Avj dRj cwÎKvq cÖPvwiZ 3iv Rvbyqvwi 1925L„t) †m Zvi nvKxKZzi i“Bqv. bvgK cy —‡K wj‡L‡Q Kvw`qvb nj mKj Rbc‡`i g~j| †h e¨w³ Dnv †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡e Zv‡K UzKiv UzKiv I wQbœwfbœ K‡i †`qv n‡e| †Zvgiv UzKiv I wQbœ wfbœ nIqv †_‡K †eu‡P _vK| g°v I gw`bvi dj †kl n‡q †M‡Q, wKš‘ Kvw`qv‡bi dj me© v UvUKv _vK‡e| (nvKxKZzi i“Bqv 25 c„:) †hgwb fv‡e G mKj `v¾vj g°v I gw`bvi gh©v`vi Aegvbbv Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Q| nu v, GB g°v gyKviigv, hvi kc_ K‡i‡Qb gnvb I eiKZgq cÖfy Ges Gi bvgKiY K‡i‡Qb Ôwbivc` kniÕ| wZwb e‡jb- ÒAvwg G kn‡ii kc_ KiwQ|Ó 2 Av‡iv e‡jb: ÔG wbivc` kn‡ii

2 myiv Av‡j Bgivb- 97 3 myiv Avj evjv` 1

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kc_Ó| 1 Avi ÒD¤§yjKzivÓ (mKj Rbc‡`i g~j) bv‡g Gi bvgKiY K‡i Avj −vn cvK e‡jb, Òhv‡Z Avcwb D¤§yj Kziv A_©vr g°v I Zvi Av‡k cv‡ki †jvKRb‡K fxwZ cÖ k©b K‡ib|Ó2 Avi †hLv‡b Avj−vn m¤§vwbZ Ni I †n‡ig kixd †i‡L‡Qb, †hgb gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Dci AeZxY© Kvjv‡gi g‡a¨ D‡j −L K‡i gnvb Avj −vn e‡jb- Òme© cÖ_g Ni hv gvbe RvwZi Kj¨v‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q, Dnv g°vq Aew ’Z, hv AZ¨š— eiKZgq Ges wek¦evmxi Rb¨ c_ cÖ k©K| Dnv‡Z i‡q‡Q ¯úó wb`k©bv ejx| Zb¥‡a¨ GKwU nj gvKv‡g Beªvnxg| †h e¨w³ Dnv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kij †m wbivc` n‡q †Mj|Ó 3 Avj −vn Av‡iv e‡jb Ò †n gynv¤§` Avcwb †NvlYv Ki“b: Avwg G m¤§vwbZ kn‡ii cÖfyi Gev`Z Ki‡Z Avw`ó n‡qwQ|Ó4 Avi G kni m¤ú‡K© ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb: ÒAvj −vni kc_! wbðq Zzwg m‡e©vËg f~wg Ges Avj −vni Kv‡Q Zuvi f~wgmg~‡ni g‡a¨ me‡P‡q wcÖqZg|Ó 5 Avi gw`bv gybvIiv nj gnvb Avj−vni ivm~‡ji kni, Inxi AeZiY ’j, by‡ii Drm Ges mvB‡q¨ yj gyimvjx‡bi wnRiZ I mgvwa ’j| Avj−vn Gi bvg †i‡L‡Qb ÔZ¡vevnÕ (cweÎ kni) †h e¨w³ GLv‡b g„Zz eiY Ki‡e Zuvi Rb¨ ivm~j‡K mycvwikKvix evwb‡q‡Qb, `v¾vj I †c−M n‡Z G‡K i¶v K‡i‡Qb, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg whwb Inxi mvnv‡h¨ K_v e‡jb wZwb G‡K †n‡i‡gi gh©v`v `vb K‡i‡Qb| †hgb Beªvnxg AvjvBwnm mvjvg g°v‡K †n‡ig kixd evwb‡q‡Qb Ges G‡K Cgv‡bi †K› ª ’j mve¨ — K‡i‡Qb| ZvB ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡jb- Avj−vn ZvAvjv gw`bv‡K ÔZvevnÕ

4 myiv Zxb 3 5 miv Avj AvbAvg 93 1 myiv –Av‡j Bgivb- 96-97 2 myiv bgj-7 3 wZiwgRx, bvmvqx, Be‡b gvRvn, Avng`, nvwKg I Be‡b wneŸvb|

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bvg w`‡q‡Qb 1 Ges e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ gw`bvq g„Zz¨eiY Ki‡Z m¶g nq , †m †hb GLv‡b g„Zz¨eiY K‡i| †Kbbv, †h e¨w³ GLv‡b g„Zz eiY Ki‡e Avwg Zvi Rb¨ mycvwik Kie| 2 ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Av‡iv e‡jb- Ôgw`bvi Øvi mg~‡n †d‡i¯—v-M‡Yi cvnviv i‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b `v¾vj I †c −M cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|Õ 3 ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Av‡iv e‡jb: Beªvnxg AvjvBwnm mvjvg g°v‡K †n‡ig evwb‡q‡Qb Ges gw`bvi DfqÒjvevÓ cÖvš—‡ii ga¨eZ©x ¯’vb‡K †nigi“‡c wba©vwiZ KiwQ| 4 ûRyi mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Av‡iv e‡jb- ÔwbðqB Cgvb msKzwPZ n‡q gw`bvi w`‡K wd‡i Avm‡e, †hgb mc© msKzwPZ n‡q Zvi M‡Z© cÖ‡ek K‡i|Õ 5 ûRyi mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Av‡iv e‡jb-Ôgw`bv gvby‡li AcweÎZv‡K Ggwbfv‡e ~i K‡i †`q †hgwb Kg©Kv‡ii Pzjv †jvnvi gqjv‡K `~i K‡i †`q|Õ 6 Gme nj g°v I gw`bv m¤ú‡K© Bmjvg I gymjgvb‡`i AvKx`v| wKš‘ Kvw`dvbxiv G `ywU gh©v`v‡K ¶zYœ I n«vm Kivi cÖqvm Pvjvq Ges Kvw`qvb‡K g°v I gw`bvi mgZzj¨ bq eis G `ywUi †P‡q Av‡iv DËg evbv‡Z Pvq| G Rb¨B Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv e‡j- g°v-gw`bvi dj wbt‡kl n‡q †M‡Q, wKš‘ Kvw`qv‡bi dj me©`vB ZvRv _vK‡e| †m Av‡iv e‡j: Kvw`qv‡b Avj−vni KZK¸‡jv wb`k©b i‡q‡Q| Zb¥‡a¨ evwl©K m‡¤§jb ’j, gmwR‡` Avj gyeviK, gmwR‡` AvKmv (Avj Kvw`qvbx) gmx‡ni wgbvi 7 BZ¨vw`|

4 eyLvix I gymwjg 5 wZiwgRx Be‡ gvRvn I Be‡b wneŸvb 6 eyLvix gymwjg gyqvËv I Avng` 7 wZiwgRx 8 eyLvix gymwjg Be‡b gvRvn I Avvng` 9 eyLvix gymwjg wZiwgRx, bvmvqx, gyqvËv I Avng` 1 Ôgmx‡ni wgbviÕ ¸jvg Avng` GB wgbvi evwb‡q †NvlYv K‡i †h GB †mB wgbvi hvi cÖwZ ivmyjyj−vn mvt. GB e‡j Bkviv K‡i‡Qb †h, c~e© `v‡g‡¯‹i GB wgbvivi Dci Cmv Avt AeZiY Ki‡eb| ¸jv‡gi GB `vex‡Z Zvi †evKvgxi åóZv †Kv_vq `v‡g¯‹ Avi †Kv_vq Kvw`qvb| Gici †Kv_vq c~e© †_‡K ˆZix wgbvi Avi

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myZivs G mKj cweÎ ’v‡bi wRqviZ Kiv DwPZ| †Kbbv G¸‡jv Avj−vni wb`k©bv ejx| (gvngy Avng‡`i fvlY, hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔAvj dR‡j Aš—f©y³, 8B Rvbyqvwi 1933 L„:) Zv‡`i Avi GKwU AvKx`v nj GB ÔKvw`qv‡bi evwl©K m‡¤§j‡b Dcw¯’Z nIqvi bvg nR|Õ †Mvjvg cyÎ I Zvi wØZxq Ljxdv e‡j: Avgv‡`i evwl©K m‡¤§jbB nj nR| Avj−vn ZvAvjv n‡Ri ’vbiƒ‡c Kvw`qvb‡K wbe©vwPZ K‡i‡Qb Ges GLv‡b Ak−xjZv,

cvcvPvi I SMov weev` wbwl×|Õ (gvngy Avng‡`i ÒevivKvZzj †LjvdZÓ 5I 7 c„:) Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔcqMv‡g QyjvnÕ †Z R‰bK Kvw`qvbx wj‡L‡Q, Ô†Mvjvg Avng‡`i Dci Cgvb MÖnY e¨ZxZ †Kvb Bmjvg †bB, †hgb Kvw`qvbx m‡¤§j‡b Dcw¯’Z nIqv e¨ZxZ †Kvb nR †bB| †Kbbv, eZ©gvb g°vq n‡Ri D‡Ïk¨ mg~n c~Y© nq bv| (cqMv‡g Qyjvn, 19 GwcÖj 1933 L„:) wg_y¨K †Mvjvg Avng` e‡j: ïay Kvw`qv‡b Ae¯’vb KivB bdj nR n‡Z DËg| (†Mvjvg iwPZ Ô†giAvZz KvgvjvwZj BmjvgÕ 352 c„:) gvngy Avng` e‡j: Avgv‡K BqvKze Avng` Kvw`qvbx eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, †Mvjvg Avng` e‡j‡Qb- ÔKvw`qv‡b AvMgbB n‡”Q nR| (Avj dRj, 5 Rvbyqvwi 1933 L„:)mviK_v, Kvw`qvbx‡`i cÖ_g AvKx`v nj: Zv‡`i GKRb gvey Av‡Qb whwb gvbweK ¸Yvewj m¤úbœ| wZwb †ivRv iv‡Lb, bvgvR c‡ob, wb ªv hvb I RvMÖZ nb, mwVK wm×vš— MÖnY K‡ib Ges fyjI K‡ib, wj‡Lb Ges mv¶iI K‡ib, ¿x mnevm K‡ib I mš—vb Rb¥ †`b, Ges wef³I nb| wØZxq: bex ivm~jMY wKqvgZ ch©š— AvMgb Ki‡eb| Z…Zxq: †Mvjvg Avng` Avj −vni bex I ivm~j| PZz_©: gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg mn mKj bex ivm~j †_‡K wZwb DËg| cÂg: †Mvjv‡gi Dci Inx AeZxY© nq| lô: †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Kv‡Q Inx †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ †h †d‡i¯—v wbhy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q wZwb

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†Mvjv‡gi esk I Rb¥ ’vb: fÊbex Kvw`qvbx Zvi esk I Rb¥ ’v‡bi D‡j−L K‡i e‡j: Avgvi bvg †Mvjvg Avng` , Avgvi wcZvi bvg †Mvjvg gyiZvRv, Avgvi `v`vi bvg AvZv gynv¤§`, Avgvi †MvÎ gyNj eimvj| msiw¶Z `jxj cÎ Øviv eySv hvq, Avgvi c~e© cyi“‡liv mgi-K›` †_‡K AvMgb K‡i‡Qb| (†Mvjvg Avng‡`i wKZveyj evwiqv, 134, c„:) GUv Rvbv K_v †h, gyNj ZzwK© es‡ki| A_P †Mvjvg e‡j‡Q, †m gyNj eskai| wKš‘ Ab¨Î †m e‡j, †m cvim¨ es‡kv™¢yZ| †hgb †m D‡j−L K‡i‡Q: ÒGUv my úó †h, Avgvi †MvÎ gyNj es‡kv™¢yZ wKš‘ GLb Avgvi Kv‡Q Avj −vni Kvjvg n‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †h, cÖK…Zc‡¶ Avwg cviwm es‡kv™¢yZ wKš‘ GLb Avgvi Kv‡Q Avj −vni Kvjvg n‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †h, cÖK…Zc‡¶ Avwg cvimx es‡kv™¢yZ Ges Avwg G‡Z wek¦vmx| †Kbbv, Avj −vn ZvAvjv †hfv‡e es‡ki ev¯—e Ae ’v Rv‡bb, Avi †Kn Zv Rv‡b bvÓ (†Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx KZ©…K iwPZ AvievC‡bi nvwmqv, 2 b¤^i 17 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q, Avwg Avgvi c~e© cyi“lM‡Yi Rxeb PwiZ m¤ú‡K© wjwLZ †Kvb †Kvb cy —‡K c‡owQ †h, Zviv gyNj es‡ki †jvK| Avgvi wcZvi KvQ †_‡KI Avwg Giƒc ï‡bwQ| wKš‘ Avj −vn Avgvi Kv‡Q Inx cvwV‡q‡Qb †h, Zviv ZzwK© es‡kv™¢yZ b‡n| eis cvimx es‡kv™¢yZ| Avj−vn Avgv‡K Av‡iv AewnZ K‡i‡Qb †h, Avgvi †Kvb †Kvb `vw` dv‡Zgx I ivm~j cwiev‡ii wQ‡jb| (†Mvjv‡gi ÒnvKxKvZzj InxiÓcwiwkó 77 c„:) GK`v Zv‡K wRÁvmv Kiv nj †h, Zzwg †Kgb K‡i ej †h, Zzwg gyNj es‡ki? Zvi ci G †_‡K wd‡i wM‡q `vweKi †h, Zzwg cvimx es‡ki? †Zvgvi G `vwei wcQ‡b wK cÖgvY i‡q‡Q? Dˇi †m e‡j: ÔAvwg †h cvimx eskxq G e¨vcv‡i Avj−vni Bjnvg e¨ZxZ Avgvi Kv‡Q Avi †Kvb cÖgvY e¨wZi‡K cwieZ©b K‡i e‡j: gywnDwÏb Bebyj Aviex Zvi cy —K Ôdzmyjyj wnK‡gÕ Avgvi m¤ú‡K© msev` w`‡q

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e‡j‡Qb: †kl Rvgvbvq Ggb GKwU mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e †h Avj −vni w`‡K †jvK‡`i AvnŸvb Rvbv‡e, Zvi Rb¥ ’vb n‡e Pxb †`k Ges Zvi fvlv n‡e wbR †`kxq| AvwgB †mB DwÏó e¨w³| †Kbbv, Avwg g~jZ: Pxb eskxq| (†Mvjv‡gi, nvKxKZzj Inx, g~j cy —K I UxKv, 200 c„:) ïay Zv-B b‡n, eis Ab¨ GK ’v‡b †m e‡j ÒAvwg dv‡ZgxÓ, ivm~j Zbq dv‡Zgvi iv. eskai

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K‡iwb eis †m mnR I me©Rbwew`Z HwZnvwmK wel‡qI fxlYfv‡e f~j K‡i‡Q| †hgb †m e‡j‡Q: ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi R‡b¥i wKQyw`b c‡iB Zvi wcZv g„Zz eiY K‡ib| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÒcqMv‡g myjvnÓ 19 c„:) A_P, Bmjvgx BwZnvm A_ev mxiv‡Zi m‡½ hvi mvgvb¨Zg m¤úK© Av‡Q, †m Rv‡b ivm~jyj −vn mvt Gi wcZv Zvi R‡b¥i c~‡e©B g„Zz eiY K‡i‡Qb| ÒAvBbyj gvÕ †idvZÓ bvgK Zvi cy —‡K †m Av‡iv wj‡L‡Q: ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi GMv‡iv Rb cyÎ Rb¥ MÖnY K‡ib Ges mevB gviv hvb| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔAvBbyj gvÕ †idZ 286 c„:) Rvwb bv, †m Zv †Kv‡Ì‡K MÖnY K‡i‡Q? †Kbbv, BwZnvm Ges mxivZ Avgv‡`i GK_v e‡j bv †h, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi GMv‡iv Rb mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| eis Zuvi ïay PviRb †Q‡j Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i wQ‡jb, Zviv n‡jb: ˆZqe, Zvwni, Kvwmg I Beªvnxg| Lvw`RvZzj Kzeivi iv. M‡f© wZbRb Ges gvwiqv wKewZqvi iv.M‡f© PZz_©Rb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡ib| Avi GKevi †m wj‡L‡Q, ÒcÖwZkÖ“Z mš—vb Bmjvgx gv‡mi PZz_© gvm A_©vr md‡i Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÒwZiBqvKzj KzjyeÓ 43 c„:) evjKiv I Rv‡b †h, mdi gvm Bmjvgx gvm mg~‡ni PZz_© gvm b‡n, eis wØZxq gvm| GiKg Zvi Av‡iv A‡bK fyj åvwš— i‡q‡Q| ˆkk‡e Zvi g‡a¨ †h mg — ˆewkó¨ wQj Zv nj GB cÖ_gZ: Zvi Kvcyi“lZv, wØZxqZ: Zvi †evKvgx, Z…ZxqZ: c‡ii gvj wQbZvB, PZz_©Z: Zvi wewfbœ cÖKvi †ivM| weL¨vZ Kvw`qvbx wjLK BqvKze Avjx Kvw`qvbx †Mvjv‡gi mxiv‡Z D‡j−L K‡i‡Q Ò gvmxn (†Mvjvg) †Kv‡bviƒc cÖwZc‡¶i mwnZ †gvKvwejvq I Kzw¯— cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Ask MÖnY K‡ib wb, †hgb- ZLbKvi w`‡bi f ª cwiev‡ii mš—vb‡`i Af¨vm wQj| †m mvgwiK we`¨vI wkwLwb| A_P †jv‡Kiv G mKj KvR‡K f ªZv I exi‡Z¡i cÖZxK iƒ‡c MY¨ KiZ|Ó (BqvKze Kvw`qvbxi ÔnvqvZzb bexÕ 1g

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LÛ138 c„:) Avi Zvi †Q‡j ekxi Avng` Zvi mxi‡Z wj‡L‡Q: ÔRbve (†Mvjvg) GK`v GKUv gyiwMi ev”Pv RevB Ki‡Z wM‡q Zvi GKUv AvOyj †K‡U †dj‡jb| d‡j nvZ †_‡K i³ cÖevwnZ nq| ZLb wZwb ZIev Bm‡ZMdvi Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| †Kbbv, wZwb Zvi Rxe‡b KLbI †Kvb cÖvYx RevB K‡ib wb| (mxiv‡Z gvn`x, 2q LÊ, 4c„t) Zvi †evKvgx m¤ú‡K© Zvi †Q‡j hv D‡j −L K‡i‡Q: ÒAvgvi gv Avgv‡K e‡j‡Qb, Rbve AveŸv-Rvb GK`v Zuv‡K e‡j‡Qb- ˆkk‡e Zv‡K K‡qKRb evjK ejj- Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Ni †_‡K wKQy wPwb wb‡q Avm| Avwg N‡i Avmjvg Ges KvB‡K wKQy wR‡Ám bv K‡i †hUv‡K wPwb g‡b Kijvg Zv Mjvq †cuŠ‡Q AvU‡K †Mj ZLb AZ¨š— Kó †cjvg Ges eyS‡Z cvijvg †h, hv Avwg wPwb g‡b KiwQjvg Zv wPwb bq, jeY wQj| (†Mvjvg cyÎ ekx‡ii mxiv‡Z gvn`x, 1g LÊ, 226c„t)Zvi GB †Q‡j Av‡iv hv D‡j−L K‡i‡Q, Zv‡Z G †jvKwUi e¨w³Z¡ Av‡iv ¯úó n‡q D‡V| †m e‡j: Avgvi gv (†Mvjv‡gi ¿x) Avgv‡K e‡j‡Qb, gvmx‡n gvID` Zvi †hŠeb Kv‡j GK`v Zvi `v`vi †cbk‡bi UvKv DVv‡Z †M‡jb Ges Zvi mv‡_ ÒBgvgyÏxbÓ bv‡g R‰bK e¨w³ †M‡jb| hLb wZwb †cbkb DVv‡jb, ZLb BgvgyÏxb Zv‡K dzmwj‡q Kvw`qvbx evwn‡i wb‡q †Mj Ges Zviv yÕRb GLv‡b ILv‡b Nyi‡Z jvM‡jb| Rbve (†Mvjvg) hLb

Zvi me UvKv †kl K‡i †dj‡jb, ZLb BgvgyÏxb Zv‡K GKvKx †d‡j Ab¨Î P‡j †Mj| wKš‘ Rbve gmx‡n gvID`? wZwb j¾v ki‡gi Kvi‡Y evwo‡Z wdi‡jb bv, eis wZwb wkqvj‡KvU wM‡q mvgvb¨ †eZ‡b (hvi cwigvY wQj c‡b‡iv UvKv) PvKzwi Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| (†Mvjvg cyÎ ekxi Avng` Kvw`qvbxi ÒmxivZzj gvn`xÓ 1g LÊ, 24 c„:) Zvi AmyL wemyLt Zvi AmyL Lye †ewk cwigvY wQj| Zvi Wvb nvZ fv½v wQj| †Mvjvg cyÎ D‡j −L K‡i‡Q: Avgvi gv Avgv‡K AeMZ K‡i‡Qb

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†h, Avgvi wcZvi (†Mvjv‡gi) Wvb nvZ †f‡O wM‡qwQj Ges †kl Rxeb ch©š— Zvi G nvZ `ye©j wQj| G nvZ Øviv wZwb Lvevi DVv‡Z cvi‡Zb, wKš‘ cvwbi cvÎ ev Ab¨ †Kvb fvix wRwbm DVv‡Z cvi‡Zb bv Ggb wK, bvgv‡hi g‡a¨ evg nv‡Zi DciB fi Ki‡Zb| (mxivZzj gvn`x, 1g LÊ, 198 c„ôv) Zuvi uvZ m¤ú‡K© Zvi †Q‡j e‡j: Zuvi uvZ¸‡jv bó n‡q wM‡qwQj|

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†_‡K DcK…Z n‡e, Avi, Avgv‡K MÖnY Ki‡e Ges Avgvi `vIqvZ wek¦vm Ki‡e, wKš‘ †ek¨vi mš—vbivB wek¦vm Ki‡e bv, hv‡`i Aš—‡ii Dci Avj −vn †gvni K‡i w`‡q‡QbÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi Ô†givZz KvgvjvwZj BmjvgÕ 547 c„:) gymjgvb‡`i GKRb †kÖô Av‡jg‡K †m GB e‡j Mvwj w`‡q e‡j: ÔZzwg H fv‡e bZ©b KiQ †hgb bZ©Kxiv g‡Â bZ©b K‡i| (†Mvjv‡gi Ôû¾vZzj−vnÕ Aviex 87 c„:) GKRb wLª÷vb e¨w³‡K †m Mvwj w`‡q e‡j: ÔGUv nj RviR mš—v‡bi j¶Y †h, †m mwVK c‡_ P‡j bv|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi ÔAvbIqvi“j BmjvgÕ 30 c„:) Avi wn›`y ag©vej¤^x‡`i‡K GB e‡j Mvwj †`q: ÔZviv RviR mš—vb Ges nxb ^fv‡ei †jvK|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi ÔAvwiqv ag©Õ 54 c„:) GB nj Kvw`qvbx bexi Pwi‡Îi mvaviY bgybv| Ab¨_vq, †m G e¨vcv‡i mKj mxgv j•Nb K‡i‡Q| G e¨vcv‡i Zvi †Kvb Rywo †bB| Ggb †Kvb †jvK wK cvIqv hv‡e? †h c~Y© PviwU c„ôv ïay jvÔbZ wj‡L Kv‡jv K‡i‡Q| nu v †m-B H e¨w³! †h Zvi GKwU cy¯—‡Ki c~Y© PviwU c„ôv ÔjvÔbZÕ kã wj‡L Kv‡jv K‡i‡Q| †m Zvi wei“×ev`x‡`i Dci jvbZ jvbZ jvbZ G kãwU‡K GK nvRvi evi wj‡L‡Q| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Ôbyi“j nKÕ 118-122 c„: †`Lyb|) wLª÷ a‡g©i GKRb †jv‡Ki Dci nvRvi evi jvbZ K‡i‡Q| (Zvejx‡M †imvjZ) Zvi cy —Kvw`‡Z G RvZxq Mvj-g‡›`i e¨envi A‡bK| GgbwK †Kvb †jvK Av‡Q †h, bexMY‡K Mvwj †`q? nu v! fÊbex Kvw`qvbxB Avj −vni bex Cmv‡K AvjvBwnm mvjvg Mvwj w`‡q e‡j: ÔCmv Zvi wb‡Ri e¨vcv‡i GK_v ej‡Z cv‡iwb †h, wZwb mr| †Kbbv, †jv‡Kiv Zv‡K g`¨cvqx Ges e` PwiÎ e‡j RvbZ| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔwP‡Ë fR‡biÕ UxKv 172 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j: Cmv AvjvBwn mvjvg †ek¨v‡`i cÖwZ Suz‡K c‡owQ‡jb|Õ †Kbbv, Zuvi gvZvgnxMY †ek¨v wQ‡jb| (Avj−vn cvbvn) (¸j‡gi ÔAvÄv‡g Av_gÕ G cwiwk‡ói wUKv, 7c„t)

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Qvov †Kvb KvR Kiv m¤¢e b‡n| ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi hy‡M, gymv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Ges Ab¨ mKj bexi hy‡M Gfv‡e `v‡bi UvKv GKwÎZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| ZvB G w`‡K Avgvi Rvgv‡Zi j¶¨ Kiv KZ©e¨ Ges m¤¢ve¨ `vb mg~n GKwÎZ Kiv DwPZÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi †NvlYv hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Ôe`‡i cÖKvwkZÕ 9B RyjvB, 1903 L„:) Ò†L`g‡Z BmjvgÓ bvg †`Iqvi Kvi‡Y †jv‡Kiv Zvi Kv‡Q eo eo A‡¼i UvKv cvVv‡Z ïi“ K‡i| wKš‘ G UvKv ¸‡jv †Kv_vq e¨q Kiv nj ? G cÖ‡kœi Dˇi GKRb wewkó Kvw`qvbx †bZv e‡j: GK`v Avwg, LvRv KvgvjyÏxb (Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ab¨Zg †bZv) I Aa¨vcK gynv¤§` Avjx (jv‡nvi Kvw`qvbx Rvgv‡Zi Avgxi) Puv`v Av`vq Ki‡Z †Mjvg| iv —vq Aa¨vcK LvRv KvgvjyÏxb Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb †h cÖ_g cÖ_g Avgiv †jvKRb‡K ejZvgt Avw¤^qv Ges mvnvevM‡Yi gZ Rxeb Aej¤^b Kiv Avgv‡`i DwPZ Ges Zviv †hiƒc KvR K‡i †M‡Qb Z ª“c Avgv‡`i KvR Kiv DwPZ| Zviv †gvUv Kvco cwiavb Ki‡Zb Ges †gvUv fvZ †L‡Zb| Avi, Avj−vni iv¯—vq Zv‡`i ab m¤ú` e¨q Ki‡Zb| Avgiv G mKj K_v ejZvg Ges †jvKRb †_‡K GgbwK Avgv‡`i gwnjv‡`i †_‡KI Puv`v Av`vq K‡i Kvw`qv‡b cvVvZvg| wKš‘ Gi ci hLb Avgv‡`i ¿x MY I Ab¨vb¨‡`i ¿x MY Kvw`qv‡b †M‡jb, ZLb Zviv ILvbKvi Ae ’v †`‡L ivMvwš^Z n‡q wd‡i Avm‡jb Ges ej‡jb †Zvgiv eoB wg_¨vev`x| Avgiv wbR †Pv‡L bex I mvnvex‡`i Rxeb hvcb †`‡L G‡mwQ, Zv‡`i ¿x I gwnjv‡`i †`Ljvg LyeB cÖvPzh© I ¯v”Q‡›`¨i g‡a¨ Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Qb| evwn‡i Gi `k fv‡Mi GK fvMI †`Lv hvq bv| A_P UvKv cqmv Zv‡`i Rb¨ cvVvb nq bv eis Avj −vni c‡_ e¨q Kivi Rb¨ cvVvb nq| Avgiv PvB‡j G m¤ú` wb‡R‡`i Rb¨ e¨q Ki‡Z cviZvg| †Kbbv, Avgv‡`i G m¤ú` nvjvj Dcv‡q AvgivB AR©b K‡iwQ | myZivs Gici Avi wKQyB Avgiv `vb Kie bv| (Kvw`qvbx

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GUv Zv‡`i Rb¨ DwPZ b‡n| GgbwK A`¨ Aa¨vcK gynv¤§` Avjx (Kvw`qvbx †bZv) Avgvi wbKU GKwU cÎ cvwV‡q‡Q, hv‡Z †m e‡j‡Q †h, wbqwgZ LiP‡Zv AíB n‡”Q| Z‡e Aewkó m¤ú` hv nvRvi nvRvi UvKv n‡e Zv †Kv_vq e¨q Kiv n‡”Q? Zvici AZ¨š— ivMvwš^Z n‡q ej‡jb: Zviv e‡j †h, Avgiv nvivg f¶Y KiwQ A_P Gme UvKv cqmvi mwnZ Zv‡`i †Kvb m¤úK© †bB|hw` Avwg Zv‡`i †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q cwo Z‡e Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Gme m¤ú` GgbwK GKwU cqmvI Avm‡e bv| (byi“Ïx‡bi wbKU †Mvjvg cy‡Îi wjwLZ cÎ hv gynv¤§` Avjx Kvw`qvbxi wjwLZ ÔnvKxKZzj GL‡ZjvdÕ bvgK cy —‡Ki Aš—f©y³, 50 c„:) Gme †jb-†`‡bi e¨vcv‡i †m GZB bx‡P †b‡g‡Q †h, GK`v †m †NvlYv w`j, cÂvk L‡Êi GKLvbv cy —K †m Qvcv‡Z Pvq| †h e¨w³ AwMÖg UvKv cvVv‡e, Zvi Kv‡Q A‡a©K g~‡j¨ wKZve cvVvb n‡e| d‡j, A‡bK mv`v wm‡` †jvK Gi Øviv cÖZvwiZ n‡q cÂvk L‡Êi UvKv cvwV‡q w`j| wKš‘ Zvi g„Zz¨ ch©š— G cy¯—‡Ki gvÎ cuvP LÊ e¨ZxZ Avi Qvcv nqwb| hLb †jvKRb Zv‡K wRÁvmv Kij †h, Avcwb Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q cÂvk LÊ Qvcvevi cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q‡Qb Ges Gi g~j¨I MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Dˇi †m Ggb K_v ejj hv we‡eKevb‡`i Dc‡`k e‡U|Zvi Dˇii weeiY nj GB nu v, Avwg cÂvk LÊ Qvcvevi cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡qwQ mZ¨ wKš‘ cuvP I cÂv‡ki g‡a¨ gvÎ GKwU we›`yi cv_©K¨| Kv‡RB Avwg cÖwZkÖ“wZ f½ Kwiwb| (†Mvjv‡gi Ôevivnx‡b Avng`xqviÕ f~wgKv 5g LÊ 7c„t) hLb †jvKRb Zv‡`i Aewkó g~j¨ †diZ PvBj ZLb Dˇi †m ejj: GUv Avj−vni †`Iqv m¤ú`| Gi GKwU cqmvI Avwg KvD‡K †diZ †`e bv, Abyiƒcfv‡e Avwg KvD‡K G cÖ‡kœi ReveI †`e bv| †Kn hw` Avgvi wbKU Gi wnmve Pvq Z‡e †m †hb Gici Avi Avgv‡K wKQyB bv †`q| (†Mvjv‡gi †NvlYv hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔAvj wnK‡gÕ cÖPvwiZ Ges 21 gvP© 1905 Bs

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cÖKvwkZ|) Zvi cyÎ ekxi Avng` e‡j‡Q: Avgv‡K Avãyj −vn Avj wmbœ~i Kvw`qvbx e‡j‡Q: GK e¨w³ Rbve †Mvjv‡gi wbKU G‡m GKUv dZIqv PvBj †h, Zvi fMœx wKQy m¤ú` †i‡L †M‡Q, †m GKRb †ek¨v bvix wQj, †ek¨v e„wËi Øviv m¤ú` DcvR©b KiZ| nhiZ Zv‡K DËi w`‡jb: G hy‡M G m¤úwË Bmjv‡gi †mevq e¨q Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| (†Mvjvg cyÎ ekxi Avng‡`i wjwLZ wmivZzj gvn`x, 340 c„:) D‡j−L‡hvM¨ †h, †Mvjv‡gi hy‡M Zvi „wó‡Z †m Qvov Avi †KnB Bmjv‡gi Lv‡`g wQj bv| Zvi wg_¨vPvi mg~n: fÊbex Kvw`qvbx wg_¨v m¤ú‡K© e‡j: Ôwg_¨v nj mKj N„Y¨ e¯‘i g~jÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi Dw³ hv ÔZvejx‡M †imvjv‡ZiÕ Aš—f©y³ 7g LÊ, 28 c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j: wg_¨v ejv gyiZv` (ag©vš—wiZ) nIqvi †P‡q Kg Aciva b‡n|(†Mvjv‡gi ÒAvievC‡biÓ nvwmqv, 3 b¤^i 24 c„:) wKš‘ †m wb‡RB wg_¨v ej‡Z Af¨¯— wQj| Zvi me‡P‡q eo wg_¨v nj Avj−vni cÖwZ wg_¨v Av‡ivc Kiv †h, wZwb Zv‡K ivm~j evwb‡q‡Qb Ges Zvi Kv‡Q Inx cvwV‡q‡Qb| G e¨vcv‡i Avwg K‡qKUv cÖe‡Ü A‡bK Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| ZvB Avwg GLv‡b Avi `xN©vwqZ Ki‡Z PvB bv | Aci GKwU cÖavb wg_¨v nj: KziAv‡bi bvg wb‡q Ggb K_v e‡j hv KziAv‡b †bB| †m e‡j‡Q, Avj −vn ZvÔAvjv e‡j‡Qb: (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Ôbyi“j nKÕ 1g LÊ 46 c„:) A_P KziAv‡bi †Kv_vI G fvl¨ cvIqv hvq bv| †Mvjvg G Gevi‡Zi A‡bKevi cybive„wË K‡i‡Q , †Kbbv, †m ÔdiBqv` `i‡` evjvMÕ bvgK Zvi cy —‡K G GeviZ‡K KziAv‡bi DׄwZ w`‡q Pvievi D‡j −L K‡i‡Q, 8,10,17,23, c„:| Zvi †NvlYvejx‡ZI Zv D‡j−wLZ i‡q‡Q, hv ÔZvejx‡M †imvj‡ZiÕ Aš—f©y³ 3q LÊ 194 c„: Ges 7g LÊ 39c„t)

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†m Avi GK ’v‡b e‡j‡Q: KziAv‡b Av‡Q, (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔnvKxKZzj InxÕ 154 c„:) Avi GUvI KziAvb m¤ú‡K© Zvi GKUv ¯úó wg_¨v| †m Zvi wKZve ÔZvR‡KivZzk knv`vZvBbÕ G e‡j‡Q: Ô†`Lyb, KziAv‡b Kix‡g Avj −vncvK wK e‡jb: (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔZvR‡KivZzk knv`vZvBbÕ 34 c„:)G GeviZ mg~n Zvi cy¯—Kvw`‡Z GiƒcB cvIqv hvq| A_P G ¸‡jv A‡bKevi gyw ªZ n‡q‡Q| Gi Øviv ïay Zvi GUvB D‡Ïk¨ †h, gvby‡li g‡b G m‡›`n m„wó Kiv †h, KziAv‡bi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| KziAv‡bi Dci †hgb wg_¨v-†ivc K‡i‡Q Z ª“c ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi DciI wg_¨v-†ivc K‡i‡Q| †m wj‡L‡Q : ivm~jyj −vn‡K wKqvgZ m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kiv nj †h, wKqvgZ KLb AbywôZ n‡e? Dˇi wZwb ej‡jb: mg — gvbe RvZxi Dci AvR‡Ki w`b n‡Z GKkZ erm‡ii g‡a¨ wKqvgZ AbywôZ n‡eÕ| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔGhvjvZzj AvInvgÕ 253 c„:) A_P ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg KLbI Ggb Dw³ K‡ib wb †h, mg¯— gvbe RvZxi Dci GKkZ erm‡ii g‡a¨ wK¡qvgZ AbywôZ n‡e| †KnB Zv cÖgvY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| †m ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg‡K Av‡iv wg_¨v Av‡ivc K‡i e‡j‡Q, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb: ÔhLb †Kvb kn‡i evjv-gwQeZ AeZxY© nq, knievmxi Rb¨ Zr¶Yvr G kni Z¨vM Kiv DwPZ| b‡Pr Zviv Avj−vni mv‡_ hy×Kvix‡`i Aš—f©y³ n‡q hv‡e|Õ (gywi`M‡Yi cÖwZ †Mvjv‡gi †NvlYv hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔAvj-wnK‡gÕ cÖPvwiZ, 24 AvM÷, 1907 L„:) GUv ivm~jyj−vni bv‡g GKwU wg_¨v I RNb¨ Acev`| †m Ab¨ GK ¯’v‡b G wg_¨v Dw³ K‡i‡Q: Qnxn nv`x‡m Av‡Q †h, gvmx‡n gvID` kZvãxi cÖv‡š— AeZxY© n‡eb Ges wZwb †PŠÏ

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kZvãxi Bgvg n‡ebÕ| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔbymiZzj n‡KiÕ cwiwkó 188c„t) mKj bexi Dci †m Acev` w`‡q e‡j‡Q: c~e©eZ©x mKj bexi Inx GKev‡K¨ e‡j †h,gvmx‡n gvID` †PŠÏ kZvãx‡Z Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡eb Ges wZwb cvÄv‡eB Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡eb| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔAvievCbÕ 25 b¤^i,23 c„:) GUv ¯úó wg_¨v Ges cÖKvk¨ Acev`| KviY mKj bex‡Zv `y‡ii K_v GKRb bexi wbKU I G A‡_© †Kvb Inx cvIqv hvq bv| Avj−vni bex Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg Dci †m wg_¨v-†ivc K‡i‡Q †h, ÔwZwb Mvwj Mvjv‡R Af¨ — I KzPwiÎevb wQ‡jb| ˆah© bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y wZwb mvaviY wel‡q ivMvwš^Z n‡q DV‡ZbÕ Av‡iv †m KUv¶ K‡i e‡j: ÔCmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg wg_¨vq Af¨¯— wQ‡jbÕ| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Rgxgv‡q AvÄv‡g Av_‡gi wUKv, 5c„t) Zvi Dci Av‡iv wg_¨v-†ivc K‡i e‡j: ÔCmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg cyi“lZ¡ n‡Z ewÂZ wQ‡jb, hv gvby‡li Rb¨ AwZ DuPz cÖksmbxq ¸YÕ| (gvKZzev‡Z Avngw`qv, hv †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi wPwV c‡Îi mgwó, 3q LÊ, 28c„t|) Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg Dci †m Av‡iv wg_¨v-†ivc K‡i e‡j‡Q: Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg hv yKi wQ‡jb hv wKQy Zvi †_‡K cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Zv G hv yi e‡jB cÖKvk †c‡q‡QÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔGRvjvZzj AvInvgÕ 309 c„:) Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi Dci Zvi wg_¨vmg~n c~e©eZ©x Ôbeyq‡Zi `vwe`vi....... AegvbbvÕ kxl©K Z…Zxq cÖe‡Ü D‡j−L K‡iwQ| †m Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg cÖwZ we‡Øl ivLZ, we‡kl K‡i G D‡Ï‡k¨ †h, †m †hb Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg PvwiwÎK ¸Yvewj aŸsm K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i, hv‡Z †jvKRb Zvi †`vlΓwUi Dci AvcwË DÌvcb Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| bex ivm~jM‡Yi Dci Zvi wg_¨vPvi Av‡iv A‡bK i‡q‡Q| Avgiv GLv‡b GZUzKzB D‡j−L Kiv h‡_ó g‡b Kwi|

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Zvi wg_¨vPv‡ii Av‡iv K‡qKwU bgybv nj GB: ÔMZ K‡qK eQ‡i Avgvi nv‡Z j¶vwaK †jvK eqAvZ K‡i‡Q|Õ (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔZzndvZzb b`IqvÕ) Kvw`qvbx g¨vMvwR‡b †Mvjv‡gi †NvlYv cÖPvwiZ n‡q‡Q, G ch©š— Avgvi nv‡Z cÖvq GK j¶ †jvK ZIev K‡i‡Q |Õ (Kvw`qvbx g¨vMvwRb wiwfD Ae wiwjwRDÝ, †m‡Þ¤^i 1902 L„:) Gi mv‡o wZb ermi ci †m wj‡L‡Q, ÔAvgvi nv‡Z cÖvq 4j¶ †jvK ZIev K‡i‡Q|Õ (ZRwj −qv‡Z Gjvwnqv, 3c„t, 3iv gvP© 1906 L„: gyw`ªZ|) GKB e³e¨ Zvi ÔnvKxKZzj InxÕ bvgK cy —‡K D‡j−L K‡i‡Q| ÔAvwg nvRv‡iv ïKwiqv Av`vq KiwQ †h, G ch©š— Avgvi nv‡Z Pvi jvL †jvK Kzdzi I cvcvPvi n‡Z ZIev K‡i‡QÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔnvKxKZzj InxiÕ cwiwkó 117 c„:) Zvi g„Zz¨i †PŠÏ eQi ci Zvi cyÎ I Zvi Ljxdv †NvlYv K‡i‡Q †h, Kvw`qvbxi msL¨v Pvi cuvP jv‡L †cuŠ‡Q †M‡Q| (Kvw`Avbx cwÎKv ÔAvj-dRj 26 Ryb, 1922 L„:) wKš‘ miKvix Av`g ïgvix fÊbex Kvw`qvbx I Zvi cy‡Îi fvl¨ wg_¨v cÖwZcbœ K‡i †`q| Zvi †Q‡j GB e‡j ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q. ÔmiKvix Av`g ïgvix Abyhvqx cvÄv‡e Kvw`qvbx‡`i msL¨v Qvàvbœ nvRvi Ges fvi‡Zi Ab¨vb¨ A‡j Kvw`qvbx‡`i msL¨v wek nvRvi e‡j Abygvb Kiv hvq| Ggwb fv‡e Avgv‡`i msL¨v wQqvËi nvRv‡i uvovqÕ| (†Mvjvg cyÎ Ges Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ljxdv gvngy Ang‡`i fvlY hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj-dR‡ji Aš—f©y³, 21 Ryb1934 L„:) myZivs Zvi wg_¨v my úó| 1906 mv‡j †Mvjvg ej‡Q †h Zvi Rvgv‡Zi †jvK msL¨v Pvi-jvL| wKš‘ AvVv‡iv ermi c‡ii Av`g ïgvix ej‡Q †h, †Mvjvg cy‡Îi Dw³ Abyhvqx bvix I wkï mn Zv‡`i msL¨v wQqvËi nvRv‡ii AwaK b‡n| nvq j¾v, nvq kig| Ggwbfv‡e 1899 m‡b †m †h Dw³ K‡i‡Q DnvI wg_¨v| †m e‡j‡Q: ÔAvgvi wZb nvRv‡ii AwaK fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—evwqZ I mZ¨ cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q|Õ ÒnvKxKZzj gvn`xÓ 8c„t 1899 mv‡j gyw`ªZ| wKš‘ `yB ermi ci †h wb‡R‡K wg_¨v cÖgvwYZ K‡i

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wj‡L‡Q: Avwg wb‡R †`‡LwQ †h, G ch©š— Avgvi GKkZ cÂvkwU fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—evwqZ n‡q‡Q| (GRvjvZzj MvjZvÕ 7 c„: 1901 mv‡j gyw ªZ|) Zvi Aci GKwU wg_¨vPvi nj, †m wj‡L‡Q: ÒAvgvi †gv‡RRv mg~n GK wgwjq‡biI AwaK|Ó (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx iwPZ ÔZvR‡KivZzk kvnv`vZvBbÕ 41 c„:) myZivs wg_¨v I Acev` Rbve Mwjg Kvw`qvbxi ¯fv‡e cwiYZ n‡q †M‡Q| Zv m‡Ë¡I †m e‡j †h, wg_¨v ag©vš—wiZ nIqvi †P‡q Kg Aciva b‡n| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔAvievCbÕ wKZv‡ei nvwmqv 35 b¤^i 24 c„:|) †m Av‡iv e‡j: ÔAcev`Kvixi Dci Avj −vni jvÕbZ Ges Avj−vni Kv‡Q Zvi †Kvb gh©v`v †bB|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi ÔbymiZzj nKÕ 10 c„:) GB‡Zv nj Kvw`qvbxi K_v| Aci w`‡K ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Ôhvi g‡a¨ G PviwU ^fve i‡q‡Q †m LuvwU gybvwdK, Avi hvi g‡a¨ Gi GKwU i‡q‡Q Zvi g‡a¨ †bdv‡Ki GKwU PwiÎ i‡q‡Q, hZ¶Y bv †m Zv eR©b K‡i:( 1) hLb Zvi Kv‡Q AvgvbZ ivLv nq ZLb †m wLqvbZ K‡i, (2) hLb K_v e‡j ZLb †m wg_¨v e‡j, (3) hLb Aw½Kvi K‡i ZLb f½ K‡i (4) Ges hLb SMov K‡i ZLb Mvwj-MvjvR K‡i| 1 fÊbex Kvw`qvbxi g‡a¨ G mKj Pwi‡Îi me ¸‡jvB eZ©gvb wQj| †hgb Avwg Gi we —vwiZ eY©bv w`‡q Avmjvg| Zvi Z_vKw_Z Bjnvg mg~n Zvi Pwi‡Îi eY©bv cÖm‡½ Avgiv Zvi wKQy Gjnv‡gi D‡j −L Ki‡Z PvB| hv‡Z cvVK Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb †h, G mg — Inx †Kvb ai‡bi Ges Gi D‡Ïk¨B ev wK? Avj−vni Kvjvg wK A_©nxb nIqv hyw³ msMZ? †hfv‡e fÊbex Kvw`qvbx †Mvjvg Avng` Gi wPÎ Zz‡j a‡i‡Q| †Mvjvg Avng` e‡j: ÔAvgvi Kv‡Q Bjnvg Avm‡Q- 11 BbkvAvj −vnÕ| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔAvj- 1 eyLvix I gymwjg|

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eykivÕ 2q LÊ,65c„t|) Gici †m ev Zvi Ab¨ †Kvb Abymvix Gi †Kvb e¨vL¨v †`q wb †h, Ô11 BbkvAvj−vnÕ Gi wK A_©? †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q: Zvi Kv‡Q Bjnvg Avm‡Q- ÔDchy³ e¨w³Õ (Avj-eykivÕ 2q LÊ, 84 c„:) Dchy³ e¨w³wU †K? Gi †Kvb cwiPq †bB| Av‡iv e‡j‡Q: Av‡¶c AZ¨š— Av‡¶cÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi Bjnvgv‡Zi mgwó ÔAvj-eykivÕ 2q LÊ 57 c„:) Av‡iv GKwU Gjnvg: Ò†PŠaix i —g AvjxÓ (Avj-eykiv 2q LÊ, 88c„t hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Ôe`‡ii Aš—f©y³, 1g LÊ, 32 M„t) Av‡iv GKwU Bjnvg: ÔdRjyi ingvb `iRv Ly‡j‡QÕ| (Avj- eykiv, 2q LÊ, 90 c„:) Ges ÔZzwg Avgvi mš—vb‡`i mgZzj¨Õ| (AvievCb, nvwmqv, 23 c„: 4 b¤^i|) GB nj Bjnvgv‡Zi bgybv| Rvwb bv, G ¸‡jvi A_© wK? Av‡iv A™¢yZ K_v nj, †Mvjvg Avng` wb‡RB G¸‡jvi A_© Rv‡b bv| Giƒc BjnvgvZ †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi wbKU A‡bK Av‡Q| eis AwaKvsk BjnvgvZ G ai‡biB| Zvi cwiYwZ I g„Zz : †Mvjv‡gi g„Zz Zvi wg_¨vi Dci †gvni †g‡i w`‡q‡Q| †m Avj−vni ivm~j, KziAvb I bexM‡Yi Dci wg_¨v‡iv‡ci Kvi‡Y †m wb‡Ri Dci jvÕbZ †U‡b G‡b‡Q| Av‡jgMY Zvi m‡½ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡K ms‡kvab Kivi I Bmjv‡gi w`‡K wdwi‡q Avbvi wbõj †Póv Pvwj‡q‡Qb| hLb Zviv Kzdz‡ii Dci Zvi †R` I „pZv, ag©vš—wiZ nIqv I beyq‡Zi wg_¨vev`xi Dci Abp †`L‡Z †c‡jb, ZLb Zv‡K P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡jb Ges Zvi m‡½ gybvRviv Ki‡jb| Zvi wg_¨v `vwei AmviZv cÖKvk K‡ib| `jxj cÖgvY †ck Kivi mKj cÖ‡Póv mgvß nIqvi ci mK‡jB HK¨g‡Z Zvi Kzdzi Ges wg_¨vPv‡ii dZIqv cÖ`vb Ki‡jb| G mKj Av‡j‡gi g‡a¨ kxl© ¯’vbxq n‡jb fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k gymjgvb‡`i c‡¶ cÖwZ‡ivaKvix I Bmjv‡gi Zid †_‡K gybvRvivq AMÖMvgx gnvb †kL Avj −vgv

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QvbvDj−vn Ag„Zmix| Zvi Ges †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi g‡a¨ A‡bK¸‡jv weZK© Ges wjwLZ I †gŠwLK evnvQ-gyevnvQv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e, weRq me© v GB Avj−vn Iqvjv e¨w³ 1 I Bmjv‡gi exi cyi“‡li c‡¶B wQj| Gi d‡j fÊbex Kvw`qvbx iv‡M R¡‡j D‡V Ges 1907 L„óv‡ãi 15B GwcÖ‡j GKwU cÖPvi cÎ wewj K‡i| G‡Z wb‡æv³ K_v¸‡jv †jLv wQj: ÒweQwgj−vwni ivngvwbi ivnxg, Avgiv Avj−vni cÖksmv KiwQ Ges Zuvi m¤§vwbZ ivm~‡ji cÖwZ `i“` cwo| Ò†jv‡Kiv †Zvgv‡K msev` wRÁvmv K‡i Bnv wK mwZ¨? Zzwg e‡j `vI, nu v, Avj−vn Avgvi cÖfy-cÖwZcvj‡Ki! wbðqB GUv mZ¨ | 2 D¯—v` QvbvDj−vni cÖwZ †cÖwiZ| †h †n`v‡q‡Zi Abymvix Zvi Dci Qvjvg| Avcbv‡`i g¨vMvwRb Avn‡j nv`x‡m `xN©w`b hver Avgv‡K wg_¨vev`x I dv‡mK ejv n‡”Q Ges me©`v G g¨vMvwR‡b Avgv‡K gvjvDb, Kv¾ve, `v¾vj I gyd‡m` bv‡g AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb | we‡k¦ cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb †h, Avwg Acev`Kvix, wg_y K, `v¾vj Ges Avgvi gvmxwnq‡Zi `vwe‡Z Avwg wg_¨vev`x| Avwg Avcbvi KvQ †_‡K A‡bK Kó †c‡qwQ Ges ˆah© aviY K‡iwQ| wKš‘ hLb Avwg †`Ljvg †h, Avwg mZ¨ cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ Avw`ó, Avi Avcwb Avgvi Dci wg_¨v Acev` w`‡q wek¦‡K Avgvi w`‡K AMÖmi n‡Z evav cÖ vb Ki‡Qb| myZivs GLb Avwg †`vqv KiwQ †h, hw` Avwg wg_¨vev`x I Acev`Kvix nB, †hgb Avcwb Avcbvi g¨vMvwR‡b cÖPvi Ki‡Qb, Zvn‡j †hb Avcbvi RxeÏkvB Avwg aŸsm n‡q hvB| †Kbbv, Avwg Rvwb †h, †Kvb wg_¨vev`x I wech©q m„wóKvix †ewk w`b euv‡P bv| eis †m Zvi kΓi RxeÏkvqB jvwÃZ I Ac`¯— n‡q g„Zz¨eiY K‡i| Avi, Zvi g„Zz¨‡Z Avj −vni ev›`vM‡Yi DcKvi wbwnZ i‡q‡Q| KviY, †m Avi Zv‡`i‡K c_åó Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avi, hw` Avwg

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G‡K Zvi mv‡_ weevn w`‡q‡Qb Ges Zvi dqmvjv‡K †Kn wdiv‡Z cvi‡e bv| GRb¨B †m GZ †Rviv‡jvfv‡e e‡j‡Q, G fvel¨ØvYx AekB ev¯—evwqZ n‡e Ges Gi ev¯—evwqZ nIqv AeavwiZ| AZci †m e‡j: GB fwel¨ØvYx A_©vr G †g‡qwUi Avgvi mv‡_ weevn nIqv ALÊbxq fvM¨wjwc| hvi †Kvb Ae ’v‡ZB cwieZ©b n‡e bv| †Kbbv, Avwg Gjnv‡gi g‡a¨ G evK¨wU wcwQ‡q Òjv Zve`xjv wj KvwjgvwZj−vnÓ (Avj−vni dvqmvjvi †Kvb cwieZ©b †bB|) Gi A_© nj, Avgvi G fwel¨ØvYx Aek¨B ev¯—evwqZ n‡e| KviY, GUv ev —evwqZ bv n‡j Avj−vni Kvjvg A_©nxb n‡q co‡e| (ÒBk‡Znvi“j †MvjvgÓ 16 A‡±ei 1894 L„:) GiI AwaK †m e‡j‡Q- Ôhw` G fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—evwqZ bv nq Z‡e Avwg AZ¨š— N„wYZ e¨w³‡Z cwiYZ ne| †n wb‡e©v‡aiv (Zvi wei“×ev`x‡`i m‡¤^vab Ki‡Q) GUv gvby‡li †Kvb evbvb K_v bq Ges †Kvb N„wYZ I Acev` iUbvKvixi †Ljv b‡n, eis GUv Avj−vni mZ¨ cÖwZkÖ“wZ| wZwb Ggb gvÕey hvi evYxi cwieZ©b nq bv Ges Ggb cÖfy hvi B”Qv c~i‡Y †Kn evav m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i bvÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi AvÄv‡g Av_g Gi cwiwkó 54 c„:) G fwel¨ØvYxi duv‡K †m Avng` I Zvi AvZ¥xq ^R‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z jvMj| KLbI Zv‡`i‡K Avkv †`q, Avevi KLbI Zv‡`i‡K ûgKx †`q, hv‡Z Zvi G Avkv c~Y© Ges fwel¨ØvYx mg~n ev¯—evwqZ n‡q hvq| †m Avng` †e‡Mi Kv‡Q cÎ wjLj, hvi e³e¨ nj GB- ÒkÖ‡×q fvB Avng` †eM| Avj−vn ZvAvjv Avgv‡K wbivc` ivLyb| Avwg GBgvÎ gyivKvev †kl Kijvg| mv‡_ mv‡_ Avgvi wb ªv Avmj| ZLb Avwg ^‡cœ †`Ljvg, Avj−vn& Avgv‡K wb‡`©k w`‡”Qb †h, Avwg †Zvgv‡K G g‡g© AewnZ Kie, Zzwg †hb †Zvgvi Kzgvix eo †g‡qwU‡K Avgvi wbKU weevn w`‡q `vI, hv‡Z Zzwg Avj−vni g½j, eiKZ, `vb I m¤§v‡bi AwaKvix n‡Z cvi Ges †Zvgvi wec`vc` †hb ~i n‡q hvq| Avi, hw` Zzwg †Zvgvi †g‡q Avgv‡K cÖ`vb bv Ki, Zv n‡j Zzwg fr©mbv I

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kvw —i m¤§yLxb n‡e| Avj −vn Avgv‡K †h wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb Zv Avwg †Zvgv‡K †cuŠ‡Q w`jvg| hv‡Z Zzwg Avj −vni cyi¯‹vi I m¤§vb jvf Ki‡Z cvi, Ges †Zvgvi Dci Avj −vni AbyMÖ‡ni fvÊvi Ly‡j hvq| ZvQvov Zzwg Avgvi Kv‡Q †h `iLv — wb‡q G‡mwQ‡j Zv‡Z Avwg ¯^v¶i w`‡Z cÖ¯‘Z AvwQ| Dciš‘, Avgvi mg — m¤úwË †Zvgvi Ges Avj −vni| Avwg †Zvgvi cyÎ AvwRR †e‡Mi Rb¨I mycvwik Ki‡Z cÖ ‘Z AvwQ, hv‡Z †m cywjk wefv‡M PvKzwi jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i| Abyiƒcfv‡e, Avwg Zv‡K Avgvi GK weivU abx gywi‡`i Kb¨vi mv‡_ weevn w`‡q w`e|Ó (Avng` †e‡Mi Kv‡Q †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi wjwLZ cÎ hv Ôbex¯—v‡q Mv‡qeÕ †_‡K M„nxZ 100 c„:, †deªy: 1888 L„:|) †m Avi GKwU cÎ Zvi Kv‡Q wj‡L‡Q: Ôhw` Zzwg Avgv‡K †Zvgvi †g‡q `vb Ki Ges Avgvi mwnZ Zvi weevn `vI Zv n‡j Avwg †Zvgv‡K Avgvi ¯’vei m¤úwË I evMv‡bi GKwU eo Ask cÖ`vb Kie Ges †Zvgvi †g‡q‡K Avgvi mgy q m¤úwËi GK Z…Zxqvsk w`‡q †`e| Avwg hv ejwQ Zv mZ¨| Zzwg hv PvI Zv Avwg †Zvgv‡K †`e| Avgvi gZ AvZ¥xqZv i¶vKvix Avi KvD‡K Zzwg Luy‡R cv‡e bv| (†Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi Ô†giv‡Z Kvgvjv‡Z BmjvgÕ 573 c„:|) hLb †m †`Lj †h G mKj Drmvn I AvMÖn `vb †Kvb Kv‡R Avm‡Q bv| ZLb †m Avng` †e‡Mi Kv‡Q bZ n‡q Zvi Ki“Yv wf¶v Ki‡Z jvMj| †m Zvi wbKU G g‡g© Av‡iv GKUv cÎ wjLj: ÔAvwg Avcbvi Kv‡Q AZ¨š— Av`e I bgªZvi mv‡_ Avmv KiwQ †h, Avcwb Avgvi Kv‡Q Avcbvi †g‡q‡K weevn †`qvi cÖ¯—vewU MÖnY Ki‡eb| †Kbbv, G weevnwU Avcbv‡`i Rb¨ eiK‡Zi KviY n‡e Ges Avj −vni AbyMÖ‡ni `iRv mg~n hv Avcbviv Kíbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv Zv Avcbv‡`i Rb¨ Ly‡j hv‡e| nqZ Avcbviv Rv‡bb, G fwel¨ØvYx nvRvi nvRvi GgbwK j¶ j¶ †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q cÖPvwiZ n‡q †M‡Q Ges wek¦evmx G fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—evq‡bi A‡c¶v Ki‡Q| nvRvi nvRvi wLª÷ ag©vej¤^xiv G

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fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—evwqZ bv nIqvi AvKv•¶v Ki‡Q, eis GUv wb‡q Zviv Avgv‡`i wei“‡× nvwm VvÆv Ki‡Q| wKš‘ Avj−vn ZvAvjv Zv‡`i‡K jvwÃZ Ki‡eb Ges Avgvw`M‡K mnvqZv Ki‡eb| GRb¨ Avwg Avcbvi Kv‡Q Avkv KiwQ †hb G fwel¨ØvYx ev —evwqZ nIqvi e¨vcv‡i Avgv‡K mn‡hvwMZv K‡ib| (Avng` †e‡Mi wbKU †Mvjv‡gi cÎ 17 RyjvB 1892 L„: hv ÔKv‡jgv‡q dR‡j ingvbxÕ cy —K n‡Z M„nxZ 123 c„:|) hLb G cÖ‡PóvqI †m mdjKvg n‡Z cv‡i wb ZLb †m Zvi yÕcyÎ myjZvb Avng` I dRj Avng‡`i wbKU cÎ wjLj, Zviv †hb Zv‡K G e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ K‡i| KviY, dRj Avng` Avng` †e‡Mi fvwMbx‡K weevn K‡iwQj| Avi Avng` †e‡Mi gvZ…Kz‡ji mwnZ myjZv‡bi AvZ¥xqZv wQj| Abyiƒcfv‡e †m Zvi ¿x myjZvb Avng‡`i gvZvi Kv‡Q cÎ wjLj| wZwb †hb Zvi Ae¯’vb Øviv G e¨vcv‡i †Póv K‡ib| Avi hw` Zviv Zv‡K mvnvh¨ bv K‡i, Zvn‡j myjZvb Avng` dRj Avng` cÖ‡Z¨‡K Zvi m¤úwË n‡Z ewÂZ n‡e Ges Zv‡`i gv Z¡vjvK cÖvßv n‡e|Õ Avevi, †m GKUv mvaviY †NvlYv w`j hvi eY©bv GB- Ôhw` Avng` †e‡Mi Kb¨v Avwg e¨ZxZ Ab¨ Kv‡i m‡½ weevn e‡m Z‡e H w`bB myjZvb Avng` Avgvi m¤úwË n‡Z ewÂZ n‡q hv‡e Ges Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi †Kvb m¤úK© _vK‡e bv| Avi, Zvi gvI ZvjvK cÖvßv n‡q hv‡e| Avgvi cyÎ dRj Avng`I Avgvi m¤úwË n‡Z ewÂZ n‡e hw` †m Zvi ¿x Avng` †e‡Mi fvwMbx‡K ZvjvK bv †`q| myjZvb Avng‡`i b¨vq Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi †Kvb m¤úK© _vK‡e bv| (fÊbex †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi †NvlYv, 2‡g 1891 L„: hv ÒZvejx‡M wimvjZÓ Gi Aš—f©y³ 2q LÊ 9c„t) G mKj fxwZ cÖ k©‡bi g‡a¨ G D‡`¨k¨ wQj Zviv †hb Avng` †eM‡K Zvi †g‡q †Mvjv‡gi Kv‡Q weevn w`‡Z eva¨ K‡i| wKš‘ Avj−vn hv B”Qv Zv-B K‡ib| Avng` †e‡Mi Kb¨v gynv¤§`x †eM‡gi weevn myjZvb †eM bvgK R‰bK ˆmwb‡Ki mwnZ m¤úbœ n‡q †Mj| Avi, G wg_¨vev`x Acev` iUbvKvix Av‡¶c,

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R¡vwj‡q Ges Zvi fwel¨ØvYx mg~n I K…wÎg-Ag~jK `vwe`vIqv‡K wg_¨v cÖgvY K‡i †eu‡P iBj 1 Avi Zvi ^vgx GB mdj cÖwZ‡hvMx †Mvjvg Avng‡`i g„Zz¨i ci Pwj−k erm‡ii AwaK Kvj RxweZ wQj| G AvNvZwU wQj Kvw`qvbx‡`i wei“‡× GKwU giY AvNvZ| GLbI Zviv gv_v bZ K‡i Av‡Q Ges G msKU †_‡K †ei nIqvi †Kvb c_ Luy‡R cv‡”Q bv| †Kbbv, Zv‡`i fÊbex me© v G fwel¨ØvYx‡K Zvi mZ¨ wg_¨vi gvcKvwViƒ‡c MY¨ K‡i‡Q| GK_v aZ©e¨ wQj †h, hLb Zviv G †jvKwU‡K Acev` iUbvKvix I wg_¨vev`x Rvb‡Z cvi‡e ZLb Zviv mwVK c‡_ wd‡i Avm‡e| †Kbbv, Avj −vni evYx I cÖwZkÖ“wZ mg~‡ni cwieZ©b Am¤¢e| †MvjvgI Zv ^xKvi K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ e‡¶i wfZi †h Aš—i Av‡Q Zv (we‡kl we‡kl †¶‡Î) AÜ n‡q hvq| Zvi wg_¨v cÖKvk cvIqvi ciI Zviv Zvi ag©Z¨vM K‡iwb| PZz_© fwel¨ØYx: D³ fwel¨ØvYx †Mvjvg Avng`‡K wg_y K I `v¾vj mve¨¯— Kivi Rb¨ h‡_ó wQj| wKš‘ Kvw`qvbx‡`i wewkó †bZv I Avwgi gynv¤§` Avjx jv‡nvwi Kvw`qvbx e‡j‡Q: ÔGUv wVK †h, Avgv‡`i Bgvg e‡j‡Qb: gynv¤§`x †eM‡gi mwnZ Zvi weevn n‡e Ges GUvI wVK †h, gynv¤§v`x †eM‡gi Zvi weevn nqwb| wKš‘ Zv mË¡I Ab¨vb¨ fwel¨ØvYx hv ev —evwqZ n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv ev` w`‡q GKwU fwel¨ØvYxi Kvi‡Y †jvKwU‡K wg_¨vev`x ejv hvq bv| (gynv¤§` Avjxi cÖeÜ hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔcqMv‡g myjv‡nÕ cÖPvwiZ 16 Rvbyqvwi 1921 L„:|) cÖ_gZ: GUv Zvi Bgvg fÊbex †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi Dw³i wecixZ| †m e‡j‡Q: Ôwei“× ev`xiv †R‡b ivL, Avgv‡`i mZ¨-wg_¨v hvPvB‡qi Rb¨ G fwel¨ØvYx n‡Z AwaK my›`i I Dc‡hvMx Avi wKQy †bB|Õ

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(†Mvjv‡gi Ôwgiv‡Z Kvgvjv‡Z BmjvgÕ 288 c„:) myZivs fÊbex Kvw`qvbx G fwel¨ØvYx‡K we‡kl K‡i Zvi mZ¨ wg_¨vi gvcKvwV evwb‡q‡Qb| wØZxqZ: †m G fwel¨ØvYx‡K wewfbœ kã Øviv AZ¨š— †Rviv‡jv fvlvq e¨³ K‡i‡Q. †hgb, GUv ev —evwqZ nIqv AcwieZ©bxq dqmvjv Ges Avmgv‡b Zvi mv‡_ gynv¤§`x †eM‡gi weevn m¤úbœ n‡q †M‡Q, Ges ^qs Avj −vn Zvi mv‡_ gynv¤§`x †eM‡gi weevn m¤úbœ K‡i‡Qb|Õ G fwel¨ØvYx Avj−vni H mKj evYxi Aš—f©y³ hvi †Kvb cwieZ©b NU‡Z cv‡i bv|Õ hw` G fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—evwqZ bv nq Z‡e †m Awfkß I weZvwoZ n‡e|Õ BZ¨vw` BZ¨vw`.....| G me m‡Ë¡I Avwg Zvi Ab¨vb¨ fwel¨ØvYxi cwiYwZ D‡j −L KiwQ, hv‡Z, G mZ¨ Av‡iv AwaK ¯úó n‡q D‡V hv c~‡e©B ¯úó n‡q †M‡Q Ges G‡Z †hb Kv‡iv m‡›`n I BZ¯—Z: Kivi AeKvk bv _v‡K| G wg_¨vev`x fÊbex Zvi ¯¿xi Mf©ve¯’vi fwel¨ØvYx K‡i e‡j‡Q- H Avj−vni Rb¨ mKj cÖksmv whwb Avgv‡K G e„×ve ’vq PviwU †Q‡j `vb K‡i‡Qb Ges cÂg †Q‡ji mymsev` w`‡q‡Qb|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi g~j eY©bv hv Zvi cy —K ÒgvIqvwneyi ingvbÓ G D‡j−wLZ, 139 c„:|) G BjnvgwU 1903 L„: Gi Rvbyqvwi gv‡mi cÖ_gw`‡K wQj Ges wVK H gv‡mi 28 Zvwi‡L 1903 L„: fÊbex wg_¨vev`x †Mvjvg Avng‡`i ¿x GKwU mš—vb cÖme Kij| Z‡e GUv wK wQj? Kb¨v? nu v, Kb¨vB? wKš‘ †ewk w`b euv‡Pwb, eis K‡qK gvm c‡iB †m gviv †Mj| Avevi Zvi ¿x Mf©eZx nj Ges †m fwel¨ØvYx Kij, Òm¤£vš— †Q‡j Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e, †m n‡e my k©b myPZzi mš—vb|Ó (†Mvjv‡gi Avj-eykiv 2q LÊ, 91 c„:|) G fwel¨ØvYx Øviv Zvi D‡Ïk¨ wQj, Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡b G aviYv m„wó Kiv †h, 1903 mv‡ji fwel¨ØvYx Øviv G Mf©B D‡Ïk¨, BwZ c~‡e©Kvi Mf© b‡n| Gici wK nj? Avj−vni Kz iZ †`Lyb! G Acev`Kvix wg_¨vev`x‡K Avj−vn Kxfv‡e Ac`¯— K‡i‡Qb Ges

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G Bjnvg I fwel¨ØvYxi gvÎ GK gvm ci †Kgb K‡i Zv‡K wg_¨vev`x mve¨¯— K‡ib| 1904 mv‡ji 24 Ryb †Mvjv‡gi ¯¿x Avevi cÖme Kij| Zv wK Kb¨v? Aek¨B Kb¨v| Zvi bvg ivLv nj ÒAvgvZzj nvwdR|Ó wKš‘ m¤£vš— myPZzi my k©b †Q‡j Rb¥ MÖnY K‡iwb? Aek¨B Rb¥ MÖnY K‡iwb| Zv m‡Ë¡I †Mvjvg Zvi Rxe‡bi †kl ch©š— evi evi GK_v e‡j‡Q †h, Zvi Ggb GKwU mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e †h Zvi Acgvb‡K we‡aŠZ Ki‡e Ges Zvi fwel¨ØvYx cÖ_g I wØZxq M‡f©i Rb¨ RwoZ wQj bv| cybivq †m Zvi Bjnvg I we‡kl mš—v‡bi fwel¨ØvYx 1907 mv‡ji 16 †m‡Þ¤^i †NvlYv Kij- ÔAvwg †Zvgv‡K GKRb ˆah©kxj †Q‡ji mymsev` w`w”Q|Õ (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv e`i hv 1907 mv‡ji 16 †m‡Þ¤^i cÖKvwkZ Ges Avj eykiv 2q LÊ 163 c„:|) A‡±vei gv‡m †m Zvi wØZxq Bjnvg †NvlYv Kij: ÒAwP‡iB Avwg †Zvgv‡K GKUv †Q‡j `vb Kie| †n cÖfy, Avgv‡K GKUv cweÎ mš—vb `vb Ki| Avwg †Zvgv‡K Ggb †Q‡ji mymsev` w`w”Q hvi bvg n‡e BqvnBqv| (†Mvjv‡gi A‡±ve‡ii Bjnvg hv Zvi Bjnv‡gi mgwó Avj eykivi Aš—f©y³| 2q LÊ 136 c„:|) wKš‘ Av‡¶‡ci welq- ÔcweÎ †Q‡j I ˆah©kxj †Q‡j Rb¥ MÖnY K‡iwb| KviY, GB Bjnv‡gi K‡qK gvm c‡iB 26 †k †g 1908 mv‡j †Mvjvg Avng` gviv hvq, hv‡Z †m Zvi Kg©dj †c‡Z cv‡i| AvgvZzj nvwdR bvgœx †h †g‡qwU 1904 mv‡j Rb¥ MÖnY K‡iwQj, †mB Zvi †kl mš—vb| G AvNvZwU Zvi Rxe‡bi cÖ_g AvNvZ wQj bv , eis BwZc~‡e© 1886 mv‡j †m Gi wZ³ ¯v` MÖnY K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ †m GZB wb‡e©va wQj †h, †m G †_‡K †Kvb wk¶v MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| cÂg fwel¨ØvYx: G fwel¨ØvYx Avwg we¯—vwiZ eY©bv Kie| 1886 mv‡ji 20 †deªqvix Zvwi‡L hLb †Mvjvg Avng‡`i ¯¿x Mf©eZx wQj, ZLb †m †NvlYv w`j †h, Avj −vni wbKU †_‡K Zvi Kv‡Q Bjnvg

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G‡m‡Q| Gi eY©bv nj GB: ÒAvj−vn Ki“Yvgq `qvjy whwb mewKQy Ki‡Z cv‡ib Avgv‡K msev` w`‡q‡Qb †h, Zvi GKwU wb`k©b cÖKvk Ki‡eb, hv ing‡Zi wb`k©b.... cÖKvk¨ wb`k©b..... my k©b, m¤§vwbZ I cweÎ mš—vb......Rv‡nix ev‡Zbx Áv‡b cwic~Y©........wcÖq †Q‡j, †mŠfvM¨evb, AvDqvj I Av‡L‡ii Ges nK I Djvi cÖKvk ’j, †hb AvKvk †_‡K Avj−vn ¯^qs AeZiY K‡i‡Qb| (G mKj Zzjbv n‡Z Avj−vni AvkÖq Kvgbv KiwQ, Zviv hv ej‡Q Zv †_‡K Avj−vn A‡bK E‡aŸ©|) G †Q‡jwU Lye ZvovZvwo eo n‡e Ges Kv‡qw`MY‡K gy³ Ki‡e Ges wewfbœ RvwZ Zvi †_‡K eiKZ jvf Ki‡e| (†Mvjv‡gi †NvlYv, 20 †deªt 1886 mvj, hv Kvwmg Kvw`qvbxi ÔZvejx‡M †imvjvZÕ Gi Aš—f©y³, 1g LÊ 58 c„:|) †m ¯úó K‡i ej‡Q †h, G gnvb mš—vbwU eZ©gvb Mf© †_‡KB Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e| (†Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi ÔZvwZ¤§Zz nvwKKvZzj Inx, 135 c„:|) AZtci †Mvjv‡gi ¯¿x G ¸‡jv XvK-†Xvj wcwU‡q †NvlYv †`Iqvi ci Ges AvZ©bv`c~Y© Bjnvgv‡Zi ci GwcÖj gv‡m GKwU mš—vb cÖme Kij| wKš‘ fÊbex wg_¨vev`xi `vwe Abymv‡i mš—vbwU †Q‡j wQj bv, eis †g‡q wQj| Zvi bvg ivLv nj ÔBmgZÕ| Zvici †m gvÎ cuvP ermi eq‡m 1891 mv‡j gviv †Mj| Kvw`qvbxiv Aaxi AvMÖ‡n Ggb GKwU †Q‡j mš—v‡bi A‡c¶vq iBj, †h n‡e my›`i, m¤§vwbZ, †gavex, mZ¨ I D”P gh©v`vi cÖZxK, wewfbœ RvwZ Zvi Øviv eiKZ jvf Ki‡e Ges †m ew›`‡`i gyw³ Ki‡e| G AwfÁZv AZ¨š— wZ³ wQj| hw` G wg_¨vev`xi mvgvb¨Zg eyw× _vKZ Z‡e †m G NUbvi m¤§yLxb nIqvi ci G ai‡bi Avi †Kvb wg_¨v Bjnvg iUbv KiZ bv| wKš‘ Zvi kqZvb Zv‡K A‡bK evi c_åó K‡i‡Q hv‡Z K‡i †m jvÃbv, Ac`¯—Zv, jvbZ I H mKj Mvj-g›` AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡i hv †m wb‡RB wb‡Ri Rb¨ wba©vwiZ K‡i‡Q| Avð‡h©i welq †h, G m‡Ë¡I †m `vweK‡i, cÖe„wËi ekeZ©x n‡q †m †Kvb

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K_v e‡j bv, hv e‡j Zv Inx e¨ZxZ Avi wKQy b‡n|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi AvievCb 3 b¤^i 43 c„:|) lô fwel¨ØvYx: GLb Avgiv Zvi lô fwel¨ØvYxi K_v D‡j−L Kie, 1886 m‡bi 20‡k †deªqvix Zvwi‡L †m †NvlYv w`j ÒAvj−vn ZvAvjv Avgv‡K G g‡g© mymsev` w`‡q‡Qb †h, eiK‡Zi AwaKvwiYx ¿x MY †_‡K Avgvi A‡bK ¸‡jv mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e| G‡`i KvD‡K Avwg G Gjnv‡gi c‡i weevn Kie| (Zvejx‡M †imvjv‡Zi Aš—f©y³ †Mvjv‡gi Bjnvg, 1g LÊ, 58 c„:|) G e³e¨‡K †m Zvi wb‡æv³ Dw³ Øviv Av‡iv ¯úó K‡i‡Q- ÒAvj−vni KvQ †_‡K Bjnvg cvIqvi ci 1886 mv‡ji †deªqvix gv‡m Avwg G †NvlYv w`‡qwQjvg †h, G †NvlYvi ci Avj−vn ZvAvjv Avgv‡K weev‡ni mymsev` w`‡q‡Qb, AwP‡iB Avwg eiKZgq igYxMY‡K weevn Kie Ges Zv‡`i †_‡K Avgvi mš—vbvw` Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e|Ó (†Mvjv‡gi Ôgvnv‡° AvLBqvi I AvmiviÕ bvgK †NvlYvcÎ hv Zvejx‡M wimvjv‡Zi Aš—f©y³ 1g LÊ 89 c„:) AZGe, Zvi fwel¨ØvYx my úó, †Kvb e¨vL¨v we‡k−l‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| Zv nj †h, †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx 1886 mv‡ji †deªqvix gv‡mi ci K‡qKRb gwnjv‡K weevn Ki‡e Ges Zv‡`i †_‡K mš—vbvw` Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e| Gici GKwU welq evwK i‡q †Mj, Avi Zv nj GB †h, G †NvlYvi ci †m KqwU gwnjv‡K weevn K‡i‡Q Ges Zv‡`i †_‡K Zvi KqwU mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Q? ev¯—e Ae ’v G m¤ú‡K© wK ewj? Gici †Mvjvg Avng` A‡bK gwnjv †Zv weevn K‡iwb eis GKwUI bv| Avi, mš—vbvw` jv‡fi †Zv cÖkœB D‡V bv| mßg fwel¨ØvYx: Zvi fwel¨ØvYx mg~‡ni Ab¨Zg GKwU nj GB- 1899 mv‡ji 14 B Ryb Zvwi‡L Zvi GKwU mš—vb Rb¥ jvf K‡i Ges Zvi

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bvg iv‡L Ô†gveviK Avng`Õ Zvi Rb¥ MÖn‡Yi K‡qKw`b ci †m fwel¨ØvYxiƒ‡c †NvlYv w`j †h, G mš—vbwU ÒAvj −vni GKwU b~i, cÖwZkÖ“Z ms¯‹viK, gnË¡ I Avwac‡Z¨i AwaKvix, gvmxn mv „k¨ AvZ¥v, †ivM wbivgq Kvix, Avj −vni evYx I †mŠfvM¨evb G mš—vb we‡k¦i mKj cÖv‡š— L¨vwZ jvf Ki‡e, ew›` gy³ Ki‡e Ges mKj cÖv‡š— L¨vwZ jvf Ki‡e, ew›` gy³ Ki‡e Ges mKj RvwZ Zvi Øviv eiKZ jvf Ki‡e| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔwZiBqvKzj KzjweÕ 43 c„:) AZtci G mš—vbwU Zvi R‡b¥i AvU ermi ci 1907 mv‡j Amy¯’ n‡q c‡o| hÏi“b †Mvjvg Avng` AZ¨š— Aw¯’i n‡q DVj| KviY, BwZc~‡e© †m †NvlYv w`‡qwQj †h, G mš—vbwU Ggb Ggb n‡e| myZivs h_v m¤¢e †m Zvi mKj cÖKvi wPwKrmv Kij| 1907 mv‡ji 27 †k AvM÷ Zvwi‡L hLb Zvi †ivM wKQyUv nvjKv nj, ZLb †Mvjvg fwel¨ØvYx iƒ‡c †NvlYv w`j ÔAvj−vn Avgvi Kv‡Q Bjnvg K‡i‡Qb †h, †`vqvwU Keyj n‡q †M‡Q Ges †ivM †m‡i †M‡Q| Gi A_© nj GB †h, Avj−vn ZvAvjv †`vqv Keyj K‡i‡Qb Ges gyeviK Avng` Av‡ivM¨ jvf Ki‡e| (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Ôe`iÕ 29 AvM÷, 1907 mvj|) fÊbex Kvw`qvbx Avj−vni kv‡b G wg_¨v Acev` †NvlYv Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ †ivMwU bZzb K‡i wd‡i Gj Ges 1907 mv‡ji 16 †m‡Þ¤^i Zvwi‡L G cÖwZkÖ“Z ms¯‹viK mš—vbwU gviv †Mj, †h gnË¡ I Avwac‡Z¨i AwaKvix, †ivM wbivgqKvix, gvmxn mv „k¨, mKj RvwZ hvi cÖwZ A‡c¶gvY wQj, †m ew›` gy³ Ki‡e Ges RbM‡Yi Dci †_‡K Zv‡`i KwVb I fvix †evSv mwi‡q †`‡e| (Ômxiv‡Z gvn`xÕ 40 c„: Ges Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔAvj dRjÕ 30 †k A‡±vei, 1940 L„:) Aóg fwel¨ØvYx: †Mvjv‡gi Ab¨Zg GK fwel¨ØvYx nj ÔKvw`qvb bvgK Rbc‡` †hLv‡b Zvi evm ’vb †c−M †ivM †`Lv †`‡e bv|Õ †m e‡j‡Q: wZwb mZ¨ gvÕey whwb Kvw`qv‡b Zvi ivm~j cvwV‡q‡Qb, wZwbB

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Kvw`qvb‡K †ndvRZ Ki‡eb Ges †c−M †ivM n‡Z G‡K i¶v Ki‡eb| hw`I G †ivM mË¡i ermi ch©š— Pj‡Z _v‡K| †Kbbv, Kvw`qvb Zvi ivm~‡ji Avevm f~wg Ges Gi g‡a¨B (A_©vr Kvw`qv‡b †c−M cÖ‡ek bv Kiv‡Z) mKj RvwZi Rb¨ wb`k©b i‡q‡Q| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Ô`v‡dDj evjvÕ 10 I 11 c„:) G fwel¨ØvYx‡Z †Mvjvg Avng` `vwe Ki‡Q †h, hw`I G‡`‡k †c −M †ivM mË¡i ermi ch©š— Pj‡Z _v‡K, Zey KLbI Dnv Kvw`qv‡b cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bv| wKš‘ †`Lv †Mj, H Kvw`qv‡b †c−M †ivM cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q, hv‡K G fÊbex wg_¨vev`x Zvi Ae ’vb Øviv weL¨vZ K‡iwQj| G‡Z Zvi ev`x wg_¨v cÖgvwYZ nq| A_P †m mgq Kvw`qv‡bi Av‡k cv‡ki MÖvg I kn‡i †c−M e¨vcK wQj bv Ges Gi cÖ‡Kvc ¯’vqx wQj bv| GgbwK GK ermi ch©š—I ¯’vqx _v‡Kwb| GLb Avgiv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i wb‡Ri c¶ †_‡KB Gi cÖgvY †ck Kie| †m Zvi k¦ïi gynv¤§` Avjx Lv‡bi wbKU wjwLZ c‡Î Kvw`qv‡b †c−M Qwo‡q covi K_v D‡j−L K‡i e‡j: GLv‡b †c−M Pig ch©v‡q †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| †jvK Avµvš— n‡q K‡qK NbUvi g‡a¨ gviv hvq| Avj−vnB Rv‡bb †h, G cix¶v K‡e †kl n‡e! Avcbviv Ô†dbvBj Bb‡dZjx‡biÕ GKUv eo ev· wb‡q Avm‡eb; hvi g~j¨ cÖvq wek UvKv n‡e| Avi, Avcbv‡`i evwo‡ZI †dbvBj cvVv‡eb| (gynv¤§` Avjx Kvw`qvbxi wbKU cÎ, hv ÔgvKZzev‡Z Avngw`qvi Aš—f©y³ 5g LÊ 112I 113 c„:|) ïay ZvB b‡n eis †c−M Zvi evwo‡ZI XyK‡Q, nu¨v, Zvi evwo‡ZB hvi m¤ú‡K© †m e‡j ÔAvgvi evox b~n AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi †bŠKvi gZ; †h GLv‡b cÖ‡ek Ki‡e †m mKj wec`vc` n‡Z i¶v cv‡e| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Ômwdbv‡q b~nÕ 76 c„:|) wVK G evwo‡ZB †c −M cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges hv NUevi Zv NwU‡q‡Q; fÊbex Kvw`qvbx Dc‡iv³ e¨w³i wbKU wjwLZ Zvi Aci GK c‡Î Zv ¯xKvi K‡i‡Q| G‡Z †m wj‡L‡Q ÔAvgv‡`i cwiev‡iB †c−M †ivM †`Lv w`‡q‡Q, G‡Z MvIQvbyj Kexiv bvwgœ gwnjv Avµvš— n‡q‡Q| Avgiv Zv‡K Ni _‡K †ei K‡i

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w`‡qwQ| Ggwbfv‡e D¯—v` gynv¤§` ØxbI Avµvš— n‡q‡Qb, Avgiv Zv‡KI †ei K‡i w`‡qwQ| AvR Ab¨ GKRb gwnjv Avµvš— n‡q‡Q, †h w`wj − n‡Z G‡mwQj Ges Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z Ae ’vb KiwQj..| AvwgI Amy ’ n‡q cwo| Ggb wK Avwg aviYv Ki‡Z _vwK †h, Avgvi I g„Zz i g‡a¨ gvÎ K‡qK †m‡KÛ Av‡Q|Õ (gynv¤§` Avjxi bv‡g †Mvjv‡gi cÎ, hv ÔgvKZzev‡Z Avngw`qvi Aš—f©y³, 5g LÊ, 115 c„:) GB nj Kvw`qv‡b †c−M †ivM cÖ‡ek bv Kiv m¤ú‡K© †Mvjvg Avng‡`i fwel¨ØvYx; hvi m¤^‡Ü †m ejZ †h, ÔG‡Z RvwZi Rb¨ wb`k©b i‡q‡Q| GB nj ev¯—e mZ¨ Ges g~jZ: G‡ZB i‡q‡Q RvwZi Rb¨ Zvi wg_¨v I Avj−vn ZvAvjvi cÖwZ Zvi wg_¨vPv‡ii wb`k©b| beg fwel¨ØvYx: gÄyi gynv¤§` bv‡g †Mvjv‡gi GKRb gywi` wQj| Zvi ¿x Mf©eZx n‡j †m †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Kv‡Q G‡m msev` w`j| ZLb fÊbex wg_¨vev`x Zvi Af¨vm Abymv‡i D‡V uvovj Ges fwel¨ØvYxi“‡c †NvlYv w`j ÔAvwg ^‡cœ †`‡LwQ †h, gÄyi gynv¤§‡`i GKwU †Q‡j Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e| Avgiv wRÁvmv Kijvg Zvi bvg wK n‡e? ZLb ¯^‡cœi Ae¯’v Bjnv‡gi Ae¯’vq cwiYZ n‡q †Mj Ges Dˇi ejv nj- Ôewki“‡ÏŠjvÕ| wKš‘ eyS‡Z cviwQ bv †h, gÄyi gynv¤§` Øviv Kv‡K D‡Ïk¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q? (†Mvjv‡gi Bjnvg hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔwiwfBÕ Gi Aš—f©y³, 1906 m‡bi gvP© gv‡m cÖKvwkZ, 122 c„:|) GK_v ¯úó †h, gÄyi gynv¤§` Øviv H e¨w³B D‡Ïk¨ †h G‡m Zvi ¿x Mf©eZx nIqvi msev` w`‡qwQj| wKš‘ G‡K A¯úó ivLvi D‡Ïk¨ nj wbw ©ó K‡i bv ejv| we‡kl K‡i fwel¨ØvYx mg~‡ni g‡a¨ D‡j−wLZ ywU wel‡qi ¯v` MÖnY Kivi ci †m A¯úó ivL‡Z Pvq| Gi Zvrch© nj GB †h, hw` Zvi †Q‡j mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i, Z‡e Zv‡K ejv n‡e: ZzwgB D‡Ïk¨ wQ‡j| Avi hw` Kb¨v

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mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i, Z‡e Zv‡K GK_v ej‡Z mnR n‡e †h, Ab¨ e¨w³ D‡Ïk¨ wQj; ¯qs Bjnv‡g Gi ¯úó †Kvb eY©bv †bB| Zviv lohš¿ Kij Ges Avj −vn I e¨e ’v wb‡jb| Avi, Avj−vn m‡e©vËg e¨e ’v MÖnY Kvix| ZvB Avj−vn cybivq Zv‡K jvwÃZ Ki‡Z B”Qv Ki‡jb| gvÎ Pvi gvm ci G wg_¨vev`x fÊbex †NvlYv w`j,- ÔAvgvi wek¦vm †h, gÄyi gynv¤§` Øviv G e¨w³B D‡Ïk¨, Ges Zvi ¿x gynv¤§`x †eM‡gi M‡f© mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e| (G gynv¤§`x †eMg c~‡e©vwj−wLZ gynv¤§`x †eMg b‡n) Zvi bvg n‡e ewki“‡ÏŠjv| wKš‘ eyS‡Z cviwQ bv †h, gÄyi Avng` Øviv Kv‡K D‡Ïk¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q? (†Mvjv‡gi Bjnvg hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv wiwfD Gi Aš—f©y³, 1906 m‡bi gvP© gv‡m cÖKvwkZ, 122 c„:|) GK_v ¯úó †h, gÄyi gynv¤§` Øviv H e¨w³B D‡Ïk¨ †h G‡m Zvi ¯¿x Mf©eZx nIqvi msev` w`‡qwQj| wKš‘ G‡K A¯úó ivLvi D‡Ïk¨ nj wbw ©ó K‡i bv ejv| we‡kl K‡i fwel¨ØvYx mg~‡ni g‡a¨ D‡j −wLZ `ywU wel‡qi ¯v` MÖnY Kivi ci †m A¯úó ivL‡Z Pvq| Gi Zvrch© nj GB †h, hw` Zvi †Q‡j mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i, Z‡e Zv‡K ejv n‡e: ZzwgB D‡Ïk¨ wQ‡j | Avi hw` Kb¨v mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i, Z‡e Zv‡K GK_v ej‡Z mnR n‡e †h, Ab¨ e¨w³ D‡Ïk¨ wQj; ^qs Bjnv‡g Gi ¯úó †Kvb eY©bv †bB| Zviv lohš¿ Kij Ges Avj−vn I e¨e ’v wb‡jb| Avi, Avj−vn m‡e©vËg e¨e ’v MÖnYKvix| ZvB Avj−vn cybivq Zv‡K jvwÃZ Ki‡Z B”Qv Ki‡jb| gvÎ Pvi gvm ci G wg_¨vev`x fÊbex †NvlYv w`j,- ÔAvgvi wek¦vm †h, gÄyi gynv¤§` Øviv G e¨w³B D‡Ïk¨, Ges Zvi ¯¿x gynv¤§`x †eM‡gi M‡f© mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e| (G gynv¤§`x †eMg c~‡e©vwj −wLZ gynv¤§`x †eMg b‡n) Zvi bvg n‡e ewki“‡ÏŠjv| GUvI m¤¢e †h, D³ mš—vb G Mf© †_‡K Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e bv eis cieZ©x Mf© †_‡K Rb¥ jvf Ki‡e| wKš‘ Zvi Rb¥ MÖnY Kiv Acwinvh©| †Kbbv, †m Avj −vni wb`k©b|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi Bjnvg hv ÔwiwfD Ae wiwjwRDÝÕ Gi Aš—f©y³ Ryb 1906 L„:|)

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Zvi c~e©eZ©x wZ³ AwfÁvZvi Kvi‡Y G fwel¨ØvYx‡Z †m Zvi AvZ¥i¶vi c_ †i‡L‡Q| GRb¨ e‡j‡Q: Avwg Rvwb bv, D³ mš—vbwU G Mf© n‡Z Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e A_ev cieZ©x Mf© †_‡K Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e|Õ G mKj mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Kiv m‡Ë¡I †m GKwU welq †Rvi w`‡q e‡j‡Q, Zv nj gynv¤§`x †eM‡gi M‡f© gÄyi gynv¤§‡`i GKwU mš—vb Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡e| ZvB †m e‡j‡Q: gÄyi gynv¤§‡`i ¿x D³ mš—vb Rb¥ `vb Ges G fwel¨ØvYx ev —evwqZ bv nIqv ch©š— g„Zz¨ eiY Ki‡e bv|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi g~j e³e¨, hv wiwfD Gi Aš—f©y³, Ryb 1907 L„:|) NUj wK? 1906 mv‡ji RyjvB gv‡m gÄyi gynv¤§‡`i ¿x GKwU Kb¨v mš—vb cÖme Kij| Zvici †mB gwnjv Avi †Kvb Mf© aviY bv K‡i g„Zz¨ eiY K‡i| Kvw`qvbxiv GB e‡j ewki“‡ÏŠjvi A‡c¶vq iBj †h, Avj−vn Rv‡bb, KLb Ges †Kgb K‡i G fwel¨ØvYx ev —evwqZ n‡e| †Kbbv, Rbv‡e gyKvÏvm (†Mvjvg) gynv¤§`x †eM‡gi gva¨‡g Zv ev¯—evwqZ nIqvi msev` w`‡q‡Qb| Avi, †ePvwi †Zv g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Q|Õ nvq Avd‡mvm! (†Mvjv‡gi Bjnvgv‡Zi mgwó gÄyi Kvw`qvbx KZ©…K iwPZ ÔAvj-eykiviÕ Aš—f©y³, 2q LÊ, 116 c„:|) `kg fwel¨ØvYx: GK`v fÊbex Kvw`qvbxi mv‡_ Wv: Avãyj nvKxg bvgx GKRb gymjgv‡bi SMov euva‡j wZwb Zv‡K wg_¨vev`x e‡j P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡jb Ges Zv‡K gv‡V bvgvi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡jb| wKš‘ †Mvjvg Avng` Zvi P¨v‡jÄ MÖnY Kivi cwie‡Z© Zv‡K kvw —, wec`, Awfkvc I aŸs‡mi ûgwK w`‡Z jvMj Ges Zvi ^fve Abyhvqx †NvlYv w`j- Avãyj nvKxg Avgvi RxeÏkvq

gviv hv‡e, †Kbbv, †m Avgvi gvbnvwb I yb©vg Ki‡Q| Giƒc e¨w³ †eu‡P _v‡K bv ... Ges.... Ges; wKš‘ Wvt Avãyj nvKxg Ab¨ ai‡bi †jvK wQ‡jb ZvB wZwbI †NvlYv w`‡jb- ÔfÊbex Kvw`qvbx AvR †_‡K c‡b‡iv gv‡mi g‡a¨ gviv hv‡e|Õ Avi G

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†NvlYvwU wQj 1907 mv‡ji 4Vv †g Zvwi‡L| GLb G m¤ú‡K© fÊbex Kvw`qvbxi wbR gy‡Li e³e¨ Avgv‡`i ïbv DwPZ| †m wj‡L‡Q- ÔGLb Avi GK kΓ †ei n‡q‡Q- cvwUqvjvi (fvi‡Zi GKwU kni) Awaevmx Wvt Avãyj nvKxg| †m `vwe Ki‡Q †h, Avwg Zvi RxweZve ’vq 1908 mv‡ji 4Vv AvM‡÷i g‡a¨ gviv hve| wKš‘ Avj−vn ZvAvjv Avgv‡K Gi wecixZ msev` w`‡q‡Qb, †m Avj−vni AvRv‡e Avµvš— n‡e Ges Avj −vn Zv‡K aŸsm K‡i †`‡eb| c¶vš—‡i, Avwg Zvi Awbó †_‡K wbivc` _vKe| G e¨vcviwU Avj−vni nv‡Z b¨¯—| G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB †h, †h e¨w³ Avj−vni `„wó‡Z mZ¨, Avj −vn Zv‡KB mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb|Õ (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔAvBbyj gvÔ†idZ, 321 I 322 c„:, 1908 mv‡ji 20‡g Zvwi‡L cÖPvwiZ|) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q: ÔkΓ Avãyj nvKxg †h Avgvi g„Zz Kvgbv K‡i , †m AwP‡iB Avgvi P¶zi mvg‡b mg~‡j aŸsm n‡e, †hfv‡e nvwZIqvjv‡`i‡K mg~‡j aŸsm Kiv n‡qwQjÕ| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔZve‡mivnÕ)G fwel¨ØvYxi wfwˇZ †m Av‡iv GKwU fwel¨ØvYx Kij- ÔkΓiv Avgvi g„Zz Kvgbv K‡i Ges G e¨vcv‡i fwel¨ØvYxI K‡i| wKš‘ Avj−vn ZvAvjv Avgv‡K mymsev` w`‡q‡Qb †h Avwg Avwk eQi ev GiI AwaK Kvj †eu‡P _vKe| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔgvIqv wneyi ingvbÕ 21 c„:|) †m †Rvi w`‡q e‡j‡Q †h, †m 1908 mv‡ji 14B AvM÷ ch©š— g„Zz eiY Ki‡e bv| eis Gici Av‡iv `k eQi †m †eu‡P _vK‡e| GUv Rvbv K_v †h, †m 1839 A_ev 1840 m‡b Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Q| †m wb‡RB K‡i‡Q- Avwg 1839 ev 1840 mv‡j Rb¥ MÖnY K‡iwQÕ (†Mvjv‡gi ÔwKZveyj evwiq¨vnÕ Gi wUKv, 146 c„: Ges Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Ôe`iÕ 8 AvM÷ 1904 L„:|) Ges (nvqvZzb bex cÖ_g LÊ, 49 c„: I Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ab¨vb¨ cy —K) †m Av‡iv wj‡L‡Q- Ô1857 mv‡j Avgvi eqm †lv‡jv ev m‡Zi eQi wQj| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔwKZveyj evwiq¨iÕ wUKv 146 c„:|) Ggwbfv‡e †m G fwel¨ØvYx‡Z wZbwU fwel¨ØvYx GKwÎZ Kij| (1) fÊbex †Mvjvg Avng‡`i

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RxweZve ’vq Avãyj nKxg g„Zz eiY Ki‡e| (2) Avãyj nvKxg †h fwel¨ØvYx K‡i‡Q †m Abymv‡i 1908 mv‡ji 4Vv AvM‡÷i g‡a¨ †m g„Zz eiY Ki‡e bv| (3) †m Kgc‡¶ 1919 ev 1920 mvj ch©š— c„w_ex‡Z †eu‡P _vK‡e| GLb Avgiv †`Le Zvi G mKj fwel¨ØvYx wK ev —evwqZ n‡q‡Q? A_P †Mvjvg e‡j‡Q bexM‡Yi fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—evwqZ bv nIqv Am¤¢e| (†Mvjv‡gi Ômwdbv‡q b~nÕ 5g c„:) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q- Avgvi mZ¨ wg_¨v hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ Avgvi fwel¨ØvYx mg~n n‡Z DËg Avi wKQy †bB| (†Mvjv‡gi Ô†givZzj KvgvjvZÕ 288 c„:|) †n cvVK! †n AbymÜvbx! weeiY j¶¨ Ki“b! gynv¤§` û‡mb Kvw`qvbx wj‡L‡Q, ÔAvgv‡`i Bgvg gvmxn gvID` (†Mvjvg) 25‡g ch©š— my ’ wQ‡jb Ges Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔcqMv‡g myjnÕ Gi D‡Ï‡k¨ GKwU cÖeÜ wjLvb; wKš‘ gvMwi‡ei ci Amy ’ n‡q co‡jb.... Ges 1908 mv‡ji 26‡k †g mKvj mv‡o `k NwUKvq Zvi i“n Zvi m„wóKZ©vi Kv‡Q P‡j hvq|Õ (gynv¤§` ûmvBb Kvw`qvbxi cÖeÜ hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj wnK‡giÕ Aš—f©y³, 28 †g 1908 mvj|) †Mvjvg cyÎ ekxi Avng` Kvw`qvbx wj‡L‡Q- Ôgmx‡n gvID` 1908 mv‡ji 25‡g ch©š— my¯’ I Drdzj− wQ‡jb| wKš‘ Gkvi ci AvKw¯§K fv‡e Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q Zvi g„Zz gyLx kh¨vkvqx nIqvi msev` †cuŠ‡Qvj Ges 26 †g 1908 mv‡j wZwb gviv †M‡jb|Õ (†Mvjvg cyÎ ekxi Avng‡`i Ômxiv‡Z gvn`xÕ 7c„t) Gfv‡e wg_¨vev`x fÊbex †Mvjvg Avng` G wZbwU fwel¨ØvYx‡Z GKB mgq wZbwU wg_¨vK_v e‡j‡Q| cÖ_gZ: Wv: Avãyj nvKxg KZ©…K wba©vwiZ mg‡qB †m g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Q| G‡Z GUvB cÖgvwYZ nj †h, Wvt Avt nvKxg mZ¨ Ges †m wg_¨v| †Kbbv, †m BwZc~‡e© e‡j‡Q- ÔAvj−vn H e¨w³‡K mvnvh¨ K‡ib †h Zvi `„wó‡Z mZ¨ev`x| wØZxqZ: Zvi fwel¨ØvYx Abyhvqx Zvi RxeÏkvq Avãyj nvwKg g„Zz eiY K‡ib wb | eis Zvi g„Zz i ciI wZwb `xN© w`b †eu‡P wQ‡jb| Z…ZxqZ: †m AvUlwÆ A_ev DbmËzi ermi eq‡m

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g„Zz eiY K‡i‡Q, Zvi fwel¨ØvYx Abyhvqx Avwk I Z ya© ermi eq‡m b‡n| G wel‡q Avwg Zvi m¤ú‡K© Zv-B eje hv †m wb‡R e‡j‡Q: †h e¨w³ beyq‡Zi `vweK‡i, Zvi fwel¨ØvYx ev¯—evwqZ bv nIqv Zvi Rb¨ eoB jvÃbv I Acgvb RbK|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi ÔwZiqvKzj KzjyeÕ 107 c„: GwWkb GK Ges 268 c„: GwWkb 2|) GB K_vwU †m mZ¨ e‡j‡Q, hw`I Acivci A‡bK wel‡q †m mZ¨ e‡jwb| G jvÃbvi †P‡q eo jvÃbv Ges Acgv‡bi †P‡q Acgvb Avi wK n‡Z cv‡i? †m 20 †g GKwU cy —K cÖPvi K‡i| hv‡Z †m Zvi kΓi g„Zz ‡K P¨v‡jÄ K‡i Ges gvÎ Qqw`b ci †m Zvi kΓi cwie‡Z© wb‡RB AZ¨š— jvwÃZ I wg_y K †m‡R g„Zz eiY K‡i| Ggwb fv‡e †m Av‡iv KZB bv wg_¨v e‡j‡Q| Zvi A‡bK A‡bK fwel¨ØvYxi g‡a¨ gvÎ `kwU Avgiv GLv‡b D‡j−L K‡iwQ, hv‡Z †m wg_¨v cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| Zvi `kg fwel¨ØvYxi g‡a¨ GKB mg‡q wZbwU fwel¨ØvYx Aš—f©y³ i‡q‡Q, Avwg Zv BwZc~‡e© e¨w³ K‡iwQ| GZUzKz eY©bv †K Avgiv h‡_ó g‡b Kwi| hw` Avgiv Zvi wg_¨v fwel¨ØvYx mg~n‡K avivevwnK eY©bv Kwi Zvn‡j eo GKwU fwjD‡g Dnv msKzjvb Kiv hv‡e bv †Kbbv, GZUzKz eY©bvB G †jvKwU Ges Zvi Øvex `vIqvi ev¯—e iƒc m¤ú‡K© ¯úó aviYv cÖ`v‡b h‡_ó| †m wb‡RB e‡j‡Q: Ôhw` †Kn GKwU wel‡q wg_¨v cÖgvwYZ nq Z‡e Ab¨vb¨ wel‡q Zvi Dci wek¦vm ivLv hvq bvÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔAvBbyj gv‡idvZÕ 222 c„:|) AZGe yÕ GKwU wel‡q bq, eis eviwU fwel¨ØvYx ev NUbv‡Z Avgiv Zvi wg_¨vPvwiZv cÖgvY K‡iwQ| G Av‡jvPbvi cwiwk‡ó Avgiv Kvw`qvbx‡`i `vwe`vIqvi cÖwZ „wócvZ Ki‡Z PvB| I‡`i ev`x- Ôhw`I Avgv‡`i mg¯—

fwel¨ØvYx mZ¨ I ev¯—evwqZ nqwb, Z_vwc wKQyUv n‡jI ev¯—evwqZ n‡q‡Q|Õ fÊbex Kvw`qvbxi Dw³ hv Avgviv GB gvÎ D‡j−L K‡iwQ, Dnvi cÖwZ „wócvZ bv K‡iB ejwQ- Ô†Kvb †Kvb fwel¨ØvYx mZ¨ I ev —evwqZ nIqv GUvB cÖgvY K‡i †h,

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fwel¨ØvYxi †NvlYvKvix Avj −vni c¶ †_‡K e‡jwb| †Kbbv, m¤§vb I gn‡Ë¡i AwaKvix Avj−vn KLbI mZ¨ e‡jb Ges KLbI mZ¨ e‡jb bv- Zv Am¤¢e| eis Zuvi evYx me© vB mZ¨, Gi e¨wZµg m¤¢e b‡n| G fÊbex hZ K_vB e‡j‡Q meB Zvi Av›`vR I Abygvb Øviv e‡j‡Q| KLbI Dnv ev¯—evwqZ nq Ges KLbI Dnvi e¨wZµg nq; †hgb †R¨vwZlx I AbygvbKvixiv K_v e‡j _v‡K| Avi †R¨vwZlxI AbygvbKvix‡`i‡K bex I Gjnv‡gi AwaKvix ejv nq bv| wØZxqZ: †h mg¯— NUbv m¤ú‡K© Kvw`qvbxiv †Xvj wcUvq Ges evi evi cÖPvi K‡i †h, GUv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i fwel¨ØvYx Abyhvqx msNwUZ n‡q‡Q; Zvi ywU Ae ’v i‡q‡Q: GKwU nj: †Mvjvg Avng` Av‡`Š G fwel¨ØvYx K‡iwb, eis GUv msNwUZ nIqvi ci †m wb‡R A_ev Ab¨iv G‡K Zvi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ K‡i‡Q| Giƒc NUbv A‡bK hv c‡i Avgv‡`i eY©bvq Avm‡Q| wØZxqwU nj: Gi Dci fwel¨ØvYxi msÁv cÖ‡hvR¨ nq bv| cÖ_gwUi D`vniY- cwÊZ `qvb›` bv‡g R‰bK wn› y e¨w³ fÊbex †Mvjvg Avng‡`i we‡ivax wQj| †m ^vfvweK fv‡eB gviv †Mj| ZLb fÊbex Kvw`qvbx Gi my‡hvM MÖnY Ki‡Z PvBj Ges †m †NvlYv w`j ÔAvwg fwel¨ØvYx K‡iwQjvg †h, Avgvi wei“×ev`x cwÊZ `qvb›` AwP‡iB gviv hv‡e, Ges ZLb †m gviv †Mj| G fwel¨ØvYxi Dci kig evU bvgK GKRb wn›`y mv¶x Av‡Q| (Avngw`qv c‡KU eyK) Kvw`qvbxi G †NvlYv ïbvi mv‡_ mv‡_ ÔkigevUÕ hv‡K Kvw`qvbx ^v¶xiƒ‡c MÖnY K‡iwQj †NvlYv w`j- †Mvjvg Avng` wg_y K `v¾vj| Avwg KLbI Zvi †_‡K G fwel¨ØvYx ïwbwb| (cwÊZ j¶xiv‡gi ÔKzwj−qvZÕ Ges ZvKRx‡e evivnx‡b Avngw`qvÕ|) Aa© kZvãxiI AwaKKvj AwZevwnZ nIqvi ci GLb ch©š— †Kvb Kvw`qvbx †Mvjvg Avng‡`i †Kvb eB cy —K †_‡K GUv cÖgvY Ki‡Z cv‡iwb †h D‡j−wLZ cwÊZ `qvb‡›`i g„Zz i c~‡e© †Mvjvg Avng`

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8B GwcÖj 1905 mvj, hv ÔZvejx‡M †imvjv‡ZiÕ 10g LÊ 80 c„ôvq mwbœ‡ewkZ|) GUv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i f~wgK¤ú msNwUZ nIqv m¤ú‡K© cÖ_g msev` wQj| mZK© evYxi mvZw`b ci 1905 mv‡ji 15B GwcÖj Zvwi‡L wØZxq mZK© evYx cÖPvi K‡i| Zv‡Z Av‡Q ÒAí K‡qKw`b ci GKwU fqsKi f~wgK¤ú msNwUZ n‡e hv c„w_ex Dwë‡q †`‡e Ges Rbc` mg~n‡K aŸsm K‡i †`‡e, Avi gvbyl, MvQ cvjv I cv_i webó K‡i †`‡e| GUv Aí¶Y Pj‡e, wKš‘ c„w_exi MwZ cwieZ©b K‡i †`‡e| GgbwK wRb I c¶xKz‡ji DciI Bnvi cÖfve co‡eÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔbymiZzj nKÕ hv 1905 mv‡ji 15B GwcÖj Zvwi‡L wjwLZ 130 c„:) A‡bKw`b AwZevwnZ n‡q †Mj, wKš‘ Kw_Z f~wgK¤ú Avi nj bv| †jvKRb Zv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡Z jvMj †h, KLb Dnv msNwUZ n‡e? †Kbbv Avcbvi mKj fwel¨ØvYx e¨vcK, hvi †Kvb mgq mxgv †bB! †m Bw½‡Z DËi w`j †h, Bnv AwZ wbK‡U| Avj−vn ZvAvjv Avgv‡K msev` w`‡q‡Qb †h, wKqvgZ mv „k¨ GKwU fqsKi f~wgK¤ú msNwUZ n‡e...| G fwel¨ØvYxi Kvi‡Y Avwg N‡i emevm †Q‡o w`‡qwQ Ges Zvey µq K‡i Dnv‡Z emevm Avi¤¢ K‡iwQ| (†Mvjv‡gi fwel¨ØvYx hv 1905 mv‡ji 11B †g Zvwi‡L †NvwlZ Ges ÔZejx‡M †imvjv‡Zi 10g LÊ 96 I 97 c„ôvq mwbœ‡ewkZ|) G w`b ¸‡jvI AwZevwnZ nj A_P Zvi Abygvb I aviYv Abyhvqx f~wgK¤ú msNwUZ nj bv| Zvi Dci K‡Vvifv‡e AvcwË mg~n DÌvwcZ n‡Z jvMj| GgbwK, †m 22‡k †g Zvwi‡L Avðh© ai‡bi GKwU †NvlYv w`‡q ejj: Avj −vni Inx‡Z D‡j −wLZ f~wgK‡¤úi A_© ev —e f~wgK¤ú nIqv Ri“wi b‡n| eis f~wgK‡¤úi A_© KwVb wec`vc`I n‡Z cv‡i| hv †nvK, Avgvi aviYv †h, f~wgK¤ú Zvi cÖK…Z A‡_©B e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q| G R‡b¨B Avwg Ni †Q‡o Zvey‡Z emevm KiwQ| Avgvi wbKU AviI Bjnvg n‡q‡Q †h, f~wgK¤ú emš—Kv‡j msNwUZ n‡e| (1905 mv‡ji 22 †k †g Zvwi‡L †Mvjvg Avng‡`i †NvlYv hv

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191

†Mvjvg Avng‡`i bex, Bjnvg I Inx cÖvß nIqvi `vwei ¯^c‡¶ †Kvb cÖgvY n‡Z cv‡i bv| cÖ_gZ: G Rb¨ †h, f~wgK¤ú I wec`vc‡`i msev` †`Iqvi Dci fwel¨ØvYxi msÁv cÖ‡hvR¨ nq bv, †hgb c~‡e© Gi eY©bv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| wØZxqZ: †Kvb †Kvb msev` mZ¨ nIqv Ges †KvbwU wg_¨v nIqv GK_v eySvq bv †h, GUv Avj−vni c¶ †_‡K G‡m‡Q| †Kbbv, hw` Bnv Avj−vni c¶ †_‡K nZ Z‡e †Kvb GKwUiI e¨wZµg nIqv m¤¢e nZ bv| G R‡b¨B‡Zv †Mvjvg Avng` ¯^qs e‡j‡Q- Ôhw` mgy q fwel¨ØvYxi ev¯—evqb bv nq Z‡e GKwUiI ev¯—evqb wek¦vm †hvM¨ bq| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔwKZveyj evwiqvÕ 21 c„:|) mvaviYZ: GUv „wó‡MvPi nq †h, †Kvb GKUv mvaviY †jvK K‡qKwU welq m¤ú‡K© fwel¨‡Z msNwUZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡K bex ev Avj−vni Ijx ejv hvq bv| G K_vB fÊbex †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx e‡j‡Q:- Ô†Kvb †Kvb dv‡mK, dv‡Ri, e¨wfPvix, †Pvi, nvivg gvj f¶YKvix, Avj −vni wb‡ ©kvejxi wei“×vPiY Kvix GgbI Av‡Q †h, †Kvb †Kvb mgq Zviv mZ¨ ^cœ †`‡LÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔnvKxK‡Z InxÕ 2q c„:|) †m Av‡iv

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193

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194

cÖgvwYZ Kivi Rb¨ h‡_ó| G m‡Ë¡I Avgiv G e¨vcv‡i Zvi AvbygvwbK, wg_¨v cÖjvc I Ag~jK Dw³ mg~‡ni D‡j−L K‡i GKUv Ávb m¤§Z Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z PvB| hv‡Z, Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨K m‡›`n †cvlYKvix I my‡hvM mÜvbx A‡c¶gv‡Yi g~‡jvrcvUb Ki‡Z cvwi| G‡Z m‡›`n †bB †h, gnvb ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni AvMg‡bi msev` w`‡q‡Qb Ges Zuvi ¸Yvewj I e¨w³Z¡‡K my úó K‡i eY©bv K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| hv‡Z kqZvb Zvi Abymvix‡`i‡K wb‡q †Ljv Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| Avey ûivqiv iv. bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib, wZwb e‡j‡Qb: ÔH Avj−vni kc_ hvi nv‡Z Avgvi cÖvY! AwP‡iB gwiqg cyÎ b¨vq wePviK kvmKiƒ‡c †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ AeZiY Ki‡eb, hy× iwnZ Ki‡eb Ges ab m¤ú` GZ AwaK n‡e †h †KnB Zv MÖnY Ki‡e bv| Ggb wK ZLb GKwU gvÎ †mR`v c„w_ex I Dnv‡Z hv wKQy Av‡Q Zv †_‡K DËg n‡eÕ|1 bIqvm Be‡b mvgÕAvb iv. ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K `v¾vj †ei nIqv m¤ú‡K© GKwU `xN© nv`xm eY©bv K‡ib, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb: gwiqg cyÎ gvmxn‡K hLb Avj −vn ZvAvjv cvVv‡eb, ZLb wZwb `v‡g‡¯‹i c~e© cÖv‡š—i mv`v wgbvivi wbKU yÕwU njy e‡Y©i Pv`i cwiavb K‡i Ges yÕRb †d‡i¯—vi Wvbvi Dci nvZ yÕwU †i‡L AeZiY Ki‡eb| hLb gv_v IVv‡eb ZLb Dnv †_‡K gy³v Si‡e| †Kvb Kv‡di Zuvi wbk¦v‡mi MÜ †c‡jB g„Zz eiY Ki‡e| Zuvi `ywó hZ `yi ch©š— hvq ZZ `~i ch©š— Zvi wbk¦vmI †cuŠQv‡e| Zvi ci `v¾vj‡K avIqv K‡i Ôjy`Õ bvgK cÖ‡ek Øv‡i nZ¨v Ki‡eb|2 (nv`x‡mi †kl ch©š— ewY©Z)

1 eyLvix I gymwjg 2 gymwjg, wZiwgwh, Avey `vD`, Be‡b gvhv, Avng` I nvwKg| Z‡e kãvejx gymwj‡gi|

195

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3 gymwjg gw`bv n‡Z mËi wK‡jvwgUvi y‡i g°vi c‡_ GKwU gv‡Vi bvg| 1 gmb‡` Avng` 2 gmb‡` Avng` I Ave `vD`| Z‡e kãvejx gmb‡`i|

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†Kv_vq mgvwa ’ n‡eb? Gme welq ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg we —vwiZ fv‡e e¨³ K‡i †M‡Qb:- 1- cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn gwiqg cyÎ n‡eb, Ab¨ †Kn b‡n Ges Ab¨ Kv‡iv cyÎ b‡n| Avi, Zuvi Abyiƒc I †Kn b‡n| 2- wZwb AvKvk †_‡K AeZxY© n‡eb, A_©vr wZwb ïay †cÖwiZB n‡eb bv, eis Zuvi Rb¨ †cÖwiZ I AeZxY© nIqv Avek¨Kxq| †Kbbv, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb: Ô†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ AeZxY© n‡eb|Õ Avi, GUv Rvbv K_v †h, AeZiY Kiv †cÖwiZ nIqv b‡n| 3- wZwb `v‡g‡¯‹i c~e© cÖv‡š— mv`v wgbv‡ii wbKU AvKvk n‡Z AeZiY Ki‡eb Ges wZwb AeZiY Kv‡j `yÕwU njy` e‡Y©i Pv`i cwiwnZ n‡eb Ges yÕRb †d‡i —vi Wvbvi Dci Zuvi yÕnvZ ivL‡eb|

4- Zuvi AeZiY Kv‡j cÖ‡Z¨K Kv‡di g„Zz eiY Ki‡e| 5- wZwb b¨vq civqY kvmK n‡eb| kvwmZ wKsev AZ¨vPvix kvmK n‡eb bv| 6- wZwb µm †f‡O †`‡eb| hv‡Z Gici Zvi Gev`Z bv Kiv nq|

3 G nv`xmwU wgkKvZzj gvmvex‡ni MÖš’Kvi Be‡b RvIhxi ÔAvj IdvÕ wKZv‡i DׄwZ w`‡q D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| nvqQvgxi ÔgvRgvDh RvIqvB`Õ cy —‡K Abyiƒc ewY©Z Av‡Q| G nv`xmwU Kvw`qvbx‡`i g‡ZI weï`va c‡i Gi eY©bv Avm‡e|

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7- ïKi wbab I wbt‡kl Kivi wb‡ ©k †`‡eb| GgbwK, Zvici GUv Avi f¶Y Kiv n‡e bv| 8- mKj †jvK Øxb Bmjvg MÖnY K‡i wb‡e| GgbwK Øxb Bmjvg Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb Øxb _vK‡e bv, hvi wei“‡× hy× cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z nq| 9- Ôjy Õ bvgK cÖ‡ek Øv‡i `v¾vj‡K wZwb nZ¨v Ki‡eb| 10- Zuvi hy‡M ab-m¤ú‡`i cÖvPzh© n‡e, GgbwK RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q wf¶v Kivi gZ †Kvb wf¶zK _vK‡e bv| KviY, Zuvi hy‡M AwaK cwigv‡Y eiKZ I Kj¨vY AeZxY© n‡e| 11- Zuvi hy‡M †jvKRb Avj−vni Gev`‡Zi cÖwZ DrmvwnZ n‡e Ges cÖ‡Z¨K DrK…ó I AvKl©Yxq e ‘i Dci Dnv‡K cÖvavb¨ I AMÖvwaKvi †`‡e| 12- c„w_ex‡Z wbivcËv ’vwcZ n‡e| GgbwK evN D‡Ui mv‡_, Mi“ wPZvev‡Ni mv‡_ Ges †bK‡o evN QvM‡ji mv‡_ gv‡V wePiY Ki‡e| †Q‡j †c‡j mvc wb‡q †Lj‡e Ges Iiv Zv‡`i †Kvb ¶wZ Ki‡e bv| 13- AeZi‡Yi ci wZwb n‡¾ Gdiv` ev n‡¾ ZvgvËz A_ev n‡¾ †K¡ivY Ki‡eb| 14- wZwb c„w_ex‡Z Pwj−k ermiKvj Ae ’vb Ki‡eb| AZtci Zuvi g„Zz NU‡e| 15- gymjgvbMY Zvi Rvbvhvi bvgvR co‡e| 16- ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi iIRv gyevi‡K Zuv‡K `vdb Kiv n‡e| GB nj cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni K‡qKwU PvwiwÎK ˆewkó¨ hv ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb Ges D‡j−wLZ nv`xm mg~n †_‡K Avgiv D×vi K‡iwQ| GLb Avgiv ywócvZ Kie †Mvjvg Avng‡`i `vwei cÖwZ, Ò†m nj cÖwZkÖ“Z

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iƒn duz‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q, †hgb gwiq‡gi g‡a¨ duz‡K †`qv n‡qwQj| d‡j, Avwg Mf©-aviY Kwi| Ab~aŸ© `k gvm ci Avwg gwiqg †Z iƒcvš—wiZ n‡q Cmv n‡q hvB| Gfv‡e Avwg gwiqg

2 eyLvix I gymwjg| 1 gymwjg, Avng`, nvwKg, kã gymwj‡gi|

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cyÎ nB|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi Ômwdbv‡q b~nÕ 16 c„:|) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q: Avj−vn Avgv‡K gwiqg bvg w`‡q‡Qb, whwb Cmv‡K M‡f© aviY K‡iwQ‡jb| m~iv Zvnix‡g Avj −vni G Dw³‡Z Avgv‡K D‡Ïk¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q: (Bgiv‡bi Kb¨v gwiqg whwb Zuvi m¤£g i¶v K‡i‡Qb, Avwg Zuvi g‡a¨ Avgvi iƒn duz‡K w`‡qwQ|) 1 †Kbbv, GKgvÎ AvwgB G `vwe K‡iwQ †h, Avwg gwiqg Ges Avgvi g‡a¨ Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi iƒn duz‡K †`qv n‡q‡Q| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔnvKxK‡Z InxÕ Gi wUKv, 337 c„:|) GK`v †m Gi †P‡q AwaK wbe©yw×Zv I †evKvgx cÖ`k©b K‡i e‡j‡Q,- ÔAvwg ^‡cœ Avgv‡K †`‡LwQ †hb Avwg GKRb gwnjv Ges Avj −vn

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eskxq bB| wKš‘ Avwg gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi beyq‡Zi avivevwnKZvq †PŠÏ kZvãx‡Z †cÖwiZ n‡qwQ| †hgb, Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Zuvi wcZv bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y BmivCj eskxq wQ‡jb bv| Zv m‡Ë¡I wZwb gymv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi beyq‡Zi avivevwnKZvq Zuvi †PŠÏ kZvãx AwZevwnZ nIqvi ci ivm~j n‡jb| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔZvR‡KivZzk kvnv`vZvBbÕ 33c„t|) G‡ZB wK †m ¶vš— n‡q‡Q? bv KLbI bv| G‡Z †m ¶vš— nqwb n‡eI bv, eis †m Avevi e‡j‡Q- Ô†Zvgiv wek¦vm Ki †h, AvwgB H gwiqg cyÎ whwb AeZxY© n‡qwQ‡jb| Avi, Avwg †Kvb Ava¨vwZ¥K D¯—v` cvBwb| GUvB Avgvi Ges gwiqg cyÎ Cmvi ga¨Kvi mvgÄm¨, whwb wcZv wenxb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb| †hgb Avwg Ava¨vwZ¥K wcZv wenxb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡iwQ|Ó (ÔGRvjvZzj AvInvgÕ 659 c„:) Rvwb bv GZ wKQyi ciI Kvw`qvbxiv gymjgvb‡`i wbKU G Avkv Ki‡Z cv‡i †h, Zviv G‡K cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn e‡j †g‡b †b‡e Ges Zv‡K wek¦vm Ki‡e? nvq Amr mvnm! nvq ¯úó Acev` iUbv! nvq cÖKvk¨ wg_¨v! †m wb‡RB e‡j‡Q= Ôwg_¨vev`xi K_vq ci¯úi we‡ivwaZv Aek¨¤¢vexÕ| (†Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi Ôevivnx‡b Avngw`qvÕ cwiwkó, 5g LÊ, 112c„) 2- †m AvKvk †_‡K AeZiY K‡iwb, eis †m fvi‡Z cvÄv‡ei GKwU MÖv‡g (Kvw`qv‡b) Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Q| GB †h Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv e‡j‡Q- ÔKvw`qvb gvmx‡ni Rb¥ ’vb, evm ’vb I mgvwa ’vb| D³ MÖv‡g H evwowU GLbI i‡q‡Q †hLv‡b †Mvjvg Avng` Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Q|Õ (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv ÔAvj dRjÕ 13 wW‡m¤^i 1929 L„:) †`Lyb, Kvw`qvbxiv AvcwË DÌvcb K‡i ej‡Z cv‡i †h, nv`x‡m AvKvk k‡ãi D‡j−L †bB, eyLvix‡ZI †bB, gymwj‡gI †bB, eis AvKv‡ki kZ©v‡ivc †Zvgv‡`i c¶ n‡Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi Ôbyhy‡jiÕ A_© nj cÖKvk cvIqv|

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Avgiv Dˇi eje: ÔAvKvk kãwU Avgv‡`i c¶ n‡Z evovb nqwb, eis ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg ¯^qs G kãwU D”PviY K‡i‡Qb hv H nv`x‡m i‡q‡Q †h nv`xmwU evqnvKx ÔwKZveyj Avmgv IqvQ wQdvZÕ G Avey ûivqiv iv. †_‡K D‡j −L K‡i‡Qb| Avey ûivqiv iv. e‡jb- ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb: Ò†Zvgv‡`i Ae ’v †Kgb n‡e, hLb gwiqg cyÎ AvKvk †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ AeZiY Ki‡eb Ges †Zvgv‡`i Bgvg †Zvgv‡`i †_‡KB n‡e|Ó AZGe ÔbyhyjÕ ev AeZiY Gi A_© ÔhûiÕ ev cÖKvk cvIqv MÖnY Kiv mwVK b‡n| Zviv e‡j: ÔAvKvkÕ kãwU evqnvKxi c¶ †_‡K evovb n‡q‡Q| †Kbbv evqnvKx G nv`xm‡K eyLvix I gymwj‡gi w`‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i‡Qb| A_P eyLvix I gymwjg G AwZwi³ kã Øviv nv`xmwU D‡j−L K‡ib wb| Zviv AviI e‡j: G nv`xmwU‡K Bgvg myq~Zx iv. evqnvKx †_‡K ÔAvKvkÕ k‡ãi D‡j−L e¨wZ‡i‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| G‡Z eySv hvq †h, Bgvg myq~Zx I G kãwU‡K nv`x‡mi Askiƒ‡c aviYv K‡ib wb| cÖ_gZ: Avgiv eje †h, evqnvKxi wKZvewU wK, Zv Avgv‡`i Dcjwä Kiv DwPZ| evqnvKx Ggb GKwU wKZve hv †iIqv‡q‡Zi e¨vcv‡i ^qs m¤ú~Y©| A_©vr G‡Z Bgvg evqnvKx Bgvg eyLvix, gymwjg, wZiwgwh I Be‡b gvhv cÖgyL nv`xm †eËv‡`i gZ †iIqv‡qZ‡K Zvi mb` mnKv‡i ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg ch©š— D‡j−L K‡i _v‡Kb| H mg¯— nv`x‡mi wKZv‡ei gZ b‡n hv‡Z ïay gZ‡bi D‡j−L _v‡K, mb‡`i D‡j −L _v‡K bv| †hgb wgkKvZzj gvmvexn, eyjy j gvivg cÖf„wZ wKZv‡e nv`xm‡K ïay GKwÎZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| G `yÕcÖKvi nv`xm MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ nj GB †h, cÖ_g cÖKvi hLb †Kvb nv`xm‡K †Kvb wKZv‡ei mv‡_ m¤ú„³ K‡i ZLb Zvi D‡Ïk¨ ïay GUvB n‡q _v‡K †h, g~j nv`xmwU H wKZv‡eI we`¨gvb Av‡Q| wØZxqwU Gi wecixZ| †Kbbv, hLb G‡Z †Kvb

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wKZv‡ei mv‡_ †Kvb nv`xm‡K m¤ú„³ Kiv nq ZLb H nv`x‡mi g~j m~ÎwU eY©bv Kiv D‡Ïk¨ n‡q _v‡K| G wnmv‡e hLb evqnvKx G nv`xmwU‡K eyLvixi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ Ki‡jb, Zv‡Z Zvi D‡Ïk¨ GB b‡n †h, G nv`x‡mi g~j m~Î nj eyLvix| eis G K_vi w`‡K Bw½Z KivB D‡Ïk¨ †h, g~j nv`xmwU eyLvixI D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| Avi GUv my úó| Z‡e, AvKvk kãwU‡K evqnvKxi D‡j−L Kiv Ges eyLvix I gymwjg D‡j −L bv Kiv, G‡Z wKQy hvq Av‡m bv| †Kbbv, G mg¯— wKZv‡ei cÖ‡Z¨KwU ^qs †gŠwjK‡Z¡i AwaKvix| Avi, wbf©i‡hvM¨ e¨w³‡`i

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K‡i‡Qb †h, wZwb AvKvk n‡Z AeZiY Ki‡eb| †hgb Avgiv fÊbex wg_¨vev`x †_‡K Zvi ^xKv‡ivw³ Øviv cÖgvY K‡iwQ †h Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg AvKvk †_‡K AeZiY Ki‡eb| Avi GUvB Avgv‡`i D‡Ïk¨| Gi Øviv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i gvmxn nIqvi `vwe wg_¨v mve¨¯— n‡q hvq| 3- Gici ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Zuvi (gvmxn) AeZiY ’‡ji eY©bv w`‡q e‡j‡Qb, wZwb njy is‡qi yÕwU Pv`i cwiavb K‡i yRb †d‡i¯—vi Wvbvi Dci yÕnvZ †i‡L c~e© `v‡g¯‹i mv`v wgbv‡ii wbKU AeZiY Ki‡eb|Õ Avi Rvbv K_v †h, †Mvjvg Avng` c~e© `v‡g¯‹i mv`v wgbv‡ii wbKU KLbI AeZiY K‡iwb| eis †m Kvw`qv‡b Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Avgiv BwZc~‡e© Zv D‡j−L K‡iwQ| GgbwK †m Zvi Rxe‡b KLbI `v‡g¯‹ †`‡Lwb| Kw_Z Av‡Q, ÔhLb †Zvgvi j¾v _vK‡e bv ZLb hv B‡”Q Zv KiÕ GB nv`xmwU †m A¯xKvi Ki‡Z bv †c‡i Gi weK…Z I †gKx e¨vL¨v w`‡Z Avi¤¢ Kij| KLbI †m e‡j: Avwg gvmx‡ni AvMg‡bi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡QÕ| (GRvjvZzj AvInvgÕ 72-73 c„:|) †m Av‡iv e‡j: ÔAvwg Aci GKRb gmx‡ni AvMg‡bi m¤¢vebv A ^xKvi Kwi bv Ges KLbI A ^xKvi Kie bv, hvi Dci nv`x‡m ewY©Z cÖKvk¨ ¸Yvewj cÖ‡hvR¨ nq Avevi Zv cÖKvk¨ A‡_© cÖ‡hvR¨ nq bv| (nvq Av‡¶‡ci welq|) nqZ ev cÖK…Z c‡¶ gvmxn `v‡g‡¯‹ AeZiY Ki‡eb| (†kL Avãyj ReŸv‡ii wbKU †Mvjv‡gi wjwLZ cÎ hv Kv‡kg Kvw`qvbxi wjwLZ ÔZvejx‡M †imvj‡ZiÕ 2q LÊ 159 c„: mwbœ‡ewkZ|) AZtci hLb †m eyS‡Z cvij †h, G‡Z †Kvb d‡jv`q n‡e bv| ZLb †m bZzb cš’v Aej¤^b Kij| wKš‘ GUv cÖ_gwU †_‡K Av‡iv wbK…ó| †m e‡j- Ômnxn gymwj‡g †h K_vi D‡j−L i‡q‡Q †h, gvmxn AvjvBwnm mvjvg c~e© `v‡g‡¯‹i mv`v wgbv‡ii wbKU AeZiY Ki‡eb, Zv gnv‡°K Av‡jgMY‡K Aw ’i K‡i Zz‡j‡Q| wKš‘ GLb Avj−vn Avgvi Kv‡Q Gi A_© cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| Avi Zv nj- `v‡g¯‹ Øviv Ggb Rbc` D‡Ïk¨ Kiv

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n‡q‡Q †hLv‡b BqvwR` cš’xiv emevm K‡i, hviv Avj −vni kΓ Ges Avj−vni ivm~‡ji kΓ; hviv Zv‡`i cÖe„wˇK Dcvm¨ wba©viY K‡i‡Q Ges wbR Ôbd‡m Av¤§viviÕ AbymiY K‡i‡Q| Zv m‡Ë¡I G‡`i g‡a¨B gvmx‡ni AeZiY Kiv Awbevh©| Avj−vn Zv,Avjv Avgvi Kv‡Q G K_v cÖKvk K‡i w`‡q‡Qb †h, `v‡g¯‹ Øviv Ggb GKwU Rbc` D‡Ïk¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q †hLv‡b `v‡g‡¯‹i ˆewkóvejx we`¨gvb Av‡Q| Avi †mUv nj H Kvw`qvb| Avj −vn Avgvi Kv‡Q GUv cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| †Kbbv, Kvw`qvb `v‡g‡¯‹i mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ iv‡L Ges G‡Z GwR` cš’xiv emevm K‡i| Avi GK_v ¯úó †h D`vni‡Y cyivcywi mvgÄm¨ nIqvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| eis A‡bK mgq yÕe ‘i g‡a¨ mvgvb¨Zg mvgÄm¨ _vKvi Kvi‡Y GK e ‘i Dci Aci e ‘i bvg e¨envi Kiv nq| G mvaviY wbqg Abymv‡i Avj −vn `v‡g¯‹i mwnZ Kvw`qv‡bi Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb| (†Mvjv‡gi GRvjvZzj AvInvg 63-70 c„: mvi ms‡¶c|) evwK iBj Ôwgbv‡iiÕ cÖkœ? Zvi gvmxwnq¨‡Zi `vwe Kivi evi ermi ci 1903 mv‡j Kvw`qv‡b GKwU wgbvi wbg©vY K‡i Zvi bvgKiY Kij ÔgvbvivZzj gvmxnÕ| Avi ejj, GUvB †mB wgbvi nv`x‡m hvi D‡j−L i‡q‡Q †h G‡Z gvmxn AeZiY Ki‡eb| (†Mvjv‡gi †NvlYv hv Zvi †NvlYv-ejxi mgwó, Kv‡mg Kvw`qvbxi ÔZvejx‡M †imvjv‡ZÕ mwbœ‡ewkZ|) GUv wK †evKvgxi ci †evKvgx b‡n? G AÁZvi Dci wK Avi †Kvb AÁZv n‡Z cv‡i? H mKj Av”Qvw`Z eyw×gËvi Rb¨ Avd‡mvm hviv G‡K wek¦vm K‡i Ges Gi AbymiY K‡i! H mKj wbe©yw×Zv I ye©j welqvw`‡K †R‡b ï‡bI G‡K wek¦vm K‡i Ges †g‡b P‡j| gnvb Avj −vn mZ¨ e‡j‡Qb- ÔZv‡`i Aš—i Av‡Q hÏiv Zviv Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv Ges Zv‡`i P¶z Av‡Q hÏviv Zviv †`L‡Z cv‡i bv Ges Zv‡`i Kvb Av‡Q hÏiv Zviv ïb‡Z cv‡i bv| Iiv G‡Kev‡i D`vmxb|1 Gi †P‡q AwaK Avð‡h©i welq nj- hLb nv`x‡m GK_v D‡j−L i‡q‡Q †h, Cmv 2 m~iv AvÕivd, 179|

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evwn¨Kfv‡e cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡eÕ| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔGRvjvZzj AvInvgÕ 199 c„:|) †m Zvi G e³‡e¨ mZ¨B e‡j‡Q †h, ci¯úi we‡ivax ywU e³e¨ cvMj ev gybvwdK e¨ZxZ Avi Kv‡iv KvQ †_‡K cÖKvk cv‡e bv| (†Mvjv‡gi wQ‡Ë fRb 31 c„:|) †gvUK_v G ¸YwUI GB Rbv‡ei Dci cÖ‡hvR¨ nqwb| Avi Zv nj GB gvmxn AvjvBwnm mvjvg ywU nj‡` e‡Y©i Pv`i cwiavb K‡i yRb †d‡i¯—vi Wvbvi Dci fi K‡i c~e© `v‡g‡¯‹i mv`v wgbv‡ii wbKU AeZiY Ki‡eb|1 AZGe, cÖgvwYZ nj †h, †m Zvi `vwe‡Z wg_¨v..........| 4- PZz_© ¸YwU nj hv ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, Zv nj- ÔKv‡di‡`i g„Zz eiY| wZwb Gikv` K‡i‡Qb- Ò†Kvb Kv‡di Zvi wbk¦v‡mi MÜ †c‡jB g„Zz eiY Kiv Qvov Dcvq _vK‡e bv| Avi Zuvi wbk¦vm GZ yi ch©š— †cuŠ‡Qv‡e hZ yi ch©š— Zvi „wó †cuŠ‡Qv‡eÓ| †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Ae¯’v Gi wecixZ| Zvi `vweKv‡j Kv‡di‡`i msL¨v A‡bK †e‡o †M‡Q| †Kbbv, †m e‡j‡Q †h, Avgv‡K wek¦vm Ki‡e bv †m Kv‡di| (†Mvjv‡gi nvKxK‡Z Inx 163 c„:|) Zvi Dci gvÎ wek nvRvi wb‡e©va †jvK wek¦vm K‡i‡Q| AwP‡iB Avwg Gi we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kie †h Zvi g„Zz i wek ermi ci hLb Av`g ïgvwi Kiv nj, ZLbI Kvw`qvbx‡`i msL¨v cuPvËi nvRvi AwZµg K‡iwb| (Avj-dRj, 21 Ryb 1934 L„:|) Gi A_© GB uvovq †h, g„Zz i Øviv Kv‡di‡`i msL¨v n«vm cvIqvi ’‡j yB nvRvi wgwjq‡biI AwaK †jvK Zvi AvMg‡bi Kvi‡Y

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†hgb ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ GB Rbve †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx ïay kvwmZB wQ‡jb bv, eis jvwÃZ I Zvi RvwZi cÖwZ wek¦vmNvZK Ges Kv‡di mvgªvR¨ev‡`i `vm I Zvi cÖRv nIqvi Øviv †MŠivevwbœZ wQj| GB †Zv †m Bs‡i‡Ri `vm‡Z¡i K_v m‡MŠi‡e D‡j −L K‡i ej‡Q- ÔAvgvi wcZv AvgiY Bs‡iR miKv‡ii wbôvevb †meK wQ‡jb| Zvi ci gnvb miKv‡ii GB †L`gZ Avgvi fvB †Mvjvg †Mvjvg Kvw`i DËivwaKvi m~‡Î jvf K‡ib| wZwbI AvgiY Bs‡iR miKv‡ii fv‡jvevmv I †mevq Avgv‡`i evevi c_ AbymiY K‡i Pj‡Z jvM‡jb| AZtci Avwg Zv‡`i c_ a‡i PjwQ Ges h_vh_fv‡e Zv‡`i AbymiY KiwQ| wKš‘ Avwg †Kvb ab-m¤ú` I ¶gZvi AwaKvix wQjvg bv| GRb¨ Avwg Avgvi nvZ I Kjg Øviv Bs‡iR miKv‡ii †mev Ki‡Z D‡`¨vMx njvg| Avj−vni bv‡g Aw½Kvi Kijvg †h, Avwg Ggb †Kvb cy —K wjLe bv hv‡Z mvgªvR¨ev`x Bs‡iR miKv‡ii Ae`v‡bi K_v D‡j−L _vK‡e bv| (†Mvjv‡gi byi“j nK 1g LÊ 28 c„:|) †m Av‡iv e‡j: Avwg Bs‡iR miKv‡ii Ggb †mev K‡iwQ †hgb †mev Avi †KD Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| GgbwK Avgvi evc `v`vI b‡n| Avi Zv nj GB- Avwg Aviex dvm©x I D`©y fvlvq K‡qK `kK cy —K G D‡Ï‡k¨ iPbv K‡iwQ, hv‡Z Avwg G K_v e¨w³ Kwi †h, `qvevb Bs‡iR miKv‡ii wei“‡× hy× Kiv ˆea b‡n| mKj gymjgv‡bi KZ©e¨ nj Zviv †hb LuvwU Aš—‡i G miKv‡ii AvbyMZ¨ K‡i| G Rb¨ Avwg Avgvi wek¦ — wkl¨‡`i wb‡q GKwU `j MVb K‡iwQ hviv Bs‡iR miKv‡ii cÖwZ wbôvevb Ges Zvi Rb¨ mKj cÖKvi Z¨vM ^xKvi Ki‡Z cÖ ‘ZÕ| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi fvlY hv Zvejx‡M †imvjv‡Z mwbœ‡ewkZ, 6ô LÊ, 65 c„:|) †m Av‡iv e‡j‡Q: cÖ‡Z¨K †mŠfvM¨evb gymwj‡gi KZ©e¨ nj Bs‡iR‡`i kw³ e„w×i Rb¨ †`vÕAv Kiv Ges kΓ‡`i Dci Zv‡`i weRq Kvgbv Kiv| †Kbbv, Giv GKwU AbyMÖnkxj RvwZ Ges Avgv‡`i Dci G weªwUk miKv‡ii eo

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eo Ae`vb i‡q‡Q| †h mKj gymjgvb G miKv‡ii K…ZÁZv cÖKvk bv Kwi Zv n‡j Avgiv Avj−vni cÖwZ AK…ZÁ ne|Õ (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi GRvjvZzj AvInvg 9ct|) Dciš‘ †m wb‡RB ^xKvi K‡i‡Q †h, nv`x‡mi kãvewji evwn¨K A_© Abyhvqx cÖwZkÖ“Z gvwmn ivRZ¡ I kvmb ¶gZv wb‡q Avm‡eb| Ò wKš‘ Avwg dwKix I `i‡ewk wb‡q G‡mwQÓ| (†Mvjv‡gi ÔGRvjvZzj AvInvgÕ 300 c„:|) nvq‡i Zvi Amnvq Ae¯’v! 6- gvmxn AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi Aci GKUv wb`k©b nj †h, wZwb µzk‡K †f‡O †dj‡eb| Gici Avi µz‡ki c~Rv n‡e bv| GUv nj mvB‡q‡`bv Cmvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg eo eo A‡jŠwKK NUbvejxi Ab¨Zg| wZwb c„w_ex‡Z Ggb †Kvb µzk ivL‡eb bv hvi c~Rv Kiv n‡e, Gfv‡e Ggb †Kvb wLª÷vbI ivL‡eb bv, †h Avj−vn e¨ZxZ Ab¨ Kv‡iv mvg‡b i“Kz, †mR`v Ki‡e| G K_v †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx ^xKvi K‡i e‡j‡Q: ÔcÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni AvjvBwnm mvjvg Rb¨ †h mKj cÖKvk¨ I ¯úó wb`k©bv ejx wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi Ab¨Zg nj Zvi nv‡Z µzk fv½v n‡e| (†Mvjv‡gi AvÄv‡g Av_g 46 c„:|) G K_vwU cieZ©x c„ôvq wØZxqevi D‡j−L K‡i e‡j‡Q: Ônv`x‡m ¯úó eY©bv i‡q‡Q †h, gvmx‡ni AvjvBwnm mvjvg me© cÖ_g wb`k©b Zvi nv‡Z µzk P~Y© n‡e|Õ (D‡j −wLZ wKZve 47 c„:) G eLv‡U‡K †m Av‡iv AwaK ¯úó K‡i e‡j‡Q: gvmx‡ni AvjvBwnm mvjvg AeZiY D‡Ïk¨ nj, wÎZ¡ev‡`i wPš—vaviv‡K gy‡Q †djv Ges GKK Avj−vni gnË¡ cÖKvk Kiv| (†Mvjv‡gi gvbvivZzj gvmx‡ni †NvlYv hv Zvejx‡M †imvjv‡Z mwbœ‡ewkZ|) Abyiƒcfv‡e †m Ab¨Î wjL‡Q: gvmxn AvjvBwnm mvjvg Zvi mKj cÖ‡Póv wÎZ¡ev‡`i wPš—v‡K gy‡Q †djvi Rb¨ e¨q Ki‡eb|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi ÔAvBqv‡g myjnÕ Gi UxKv, 44 c„:|) GK_v ¯^xKvi Kivi ci Zvi gvmxwnq‡Zi cÖgvY ^iƒc eY©bv K‡i‡Q. ÔG †¶‡Î (gvmxwnqv‡Zi †¶‡Î) Avwg †h KvR m¤úbœ KiwQ Zv nj, Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi Gev`‡Zi —¤¢ ¸‡jv Avwg, †f‡O w`w”Q|

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(†Mvjv‡gi cÖeÜ hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv e`‡i mwbœ‡ewkZ, 19‡k RyjvB, 1906 Ly:) †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Rb¨ Zv wK AwR©Z n‡q‡Q? Avi ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni †h mKj ¸Yvewj eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Ges wg_¨vev`x fÊbex I hv ^xKvi K‡i‡Q, Zv wK Zvi Dci cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡q‡Q? GLb Avgv‡`i †`Lv DwPZ, Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv gvwmwnq¨vZ m¤ú‡K© wK e‡j‡Q, Zv wK gy‡Q †M‡Q Ges wbwðý n‡q †M‡Q, A_ev ewa©Z I DbœZ n‡q‡Q? ÔcqMv‡g myjvn‡Z Kvw`qvbxiv cÖPvi K‡i‡Q †h, gmxwnq¨vZ w`b w`b DbœwZ jvf Ki‡Q| (cqMv‡g myjvn, 6B gvP©, 1928 L„: cÖKvwkZ|) GUv‡K Kvw`qvbxiv ^xKvi K‡i wb‡q‡Q| Avi GUvB nj †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi wbR GjvKv Ô¸i` Dmey‡iÕ gvmxwnq¨vZ m¤ú‡K© Av`g ïgvixi fvl¨| 1891 mv‡j †Mvjvg Avng` hLb cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn nIqvi †NvlYv w`j ZLb ¸i` Dmey‡i wLª÷vb‡`i msL¨v wQj gvÎ yB nvRvi Pvi‡kv Rb| GUvB wba©vwiZ wQj †h, †Mvjvg Avng` gvmxwnq¨‡Zi †NvlYv Kivi ci ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg msev` cÖ`vb I †Mvjvg Avng‡`i ¯^xK…wZ Abyhvqx GKwU wLª÷vbI Aewkó _vK‡e bv| we‡kl K‡i H GjvKvq †hLv‡b †m emevm K‡i| wKš‘ NUj wK? gvÎ `k ermi ci 1901 mv‡j G‡`i msL¨v 4471 R‡b †cuŠ‡Qvj| hLb G GjvKvi cieZ©x Av`g ïgvix 1911 mv‡j AbywôZ nj ZLb Zv‡`i msL¨v `uvovj 23365 R‡b Ges 1931 mv‡j 43343 R‡b| A_©vr †Mvjv‡gi gvmxwnq¨‡Zi †NvlYvi ci gvÎ Pwj −k erm‡ii g‡a¨ wLª÷vb‡`i msL¨v wek¸Y †e‡o †Mj| Avi Bnv NUj GKUv †QvU GjvKv A_©vr ZviB GjvKvq| GUv Zvi H K_v m‡Ë¡I NUj: ÔAvwg hw` Bmjv‡gi mvnvh¨v‡_© Ggb KvR bv K‡i g‡i hvB hv gvmxwnq¨‡Zi mwnZ m¤ú„³, Z‡e †Zvgiv mv¶x _vK †h, Avwg wg_¨vev`x| (†Mvjv‡gi cÖeÜ hv 19‡k RyjvB, 1906 mv‡ji

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وإن من أهل الكتاب إال ليؤمنن به قبل موته ويوم القيامة يكون عليهم شهيدا ﴿ ﴾١٥٩النساء

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f³M‡Yi Rb¨ †h †`vqv KiZ ZviI wewbgq MÖnY KiZ| Kvw`qvbx gydwZ D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb ÔGK`v GKRb Kvw`qvbx abx e¨w³i †Q‡j Amy ’ n‡q coj Ges Rbve cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni wbKU Zvi †ivM wbivg‡qi †`vqv PvBj| Rbve cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn Zvi Dˇi ej‡jb: G abx e¨w³i DwPZ †h GKUv eo A‡¼i UvKv †hb Avgvi Rb¨ wbw`©ó K‡i †`q, Zv n‡j Avwg Zvi cy‡Îi Rb¨ †`vqv Kie|Õ (Kvw`qvbx gydwZ gynv¤§` mv‡`‡Ki fvlY hv Avj dRi cwÎKvq mwbœ‡ewkZ, 22‡k A‡±vei, 1937 L„: cÖKvwkZ|) wf¶v Ki‡Z Ki‡Z †m Ggb wbgœ ch©v‡q †b‡g hvq †h Zvi f³M‡Yi m‡½ Kei †ePv †Kbv Ges Gi Øviv e¨emv Ki‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i | G e¨emvi we —vwiZ Ae ’v nj GB cÖ_gZ: †m †NvlYv w`j Avwg GLbB Ggb GKUv Kei ’vb †`L‡Z †cjvg, Avj−vn ZvAvjv hvi bvg †i‡L‡Qb Rvbœv‡Zi Kei ’vb| Zvici Avgvi Kv‡Q Gjnvg G‡m‡Q †h, c„w_exi mg — Kei ’vb G f~wgi mgZzj¨ b‡n| (gÄyi Kvw`qvbxi wjwLZ gyKv‡kdvZzj †MvjvgÕ 59 c„:|) AZtci Zvi f³MY‡K GB e‡j DrmvwnZ K‡i- Avgvi cÖfy Avgvi wbKU Inx cvwV‡q‡Qb Ges GKwU f~wgi w`‡K Bw½Z K‡i e‡j‡Qb, GUv Ggb GKwU f~wg hvi bx‡P †e‡n¯— Av‡Q| †h e¨w³ GLv‡b mgvwa¯’ n‡e †m †e‡n¯— cÖ‡ek Ki‡e Ges Zvi †Kvb fq fxwZ _vK‡e bv|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi Avj-B‡ —dZv Aviex 51 c„:) Gici, †m Zvi g~j Ae ’v avàv evRx I ab m¤ú` †K‡o †bIqvi w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i e‡j: Kvw`qvbx‡`i Kei ’v‡bi Rb¨ Avi GKwU f~wg msMÖn K‡iwQ Ges Avj −vn Avgv‡K mymsev` w`‡q‡Qb †h, G f~wgwU †e‡n — Ges e‡j‡Qb †h wZwb me© cÖKvi ingZ G‡Z AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb| AZGe †h e¨w³ G mKj Ke‡i mgvwa¯’ nIqvi B”Qv †cvlY Ki‡e, Zvi KZ©e¨ n‡e mvg_© byhvqx Zvi m¤ú‡`i wKQy Ask cvwV‡q †`Iqv| Zvi Av‡iv KZ©e¨ n‡e Zvi Z¨vR¨ m¤úwËi GK `kgvsk Kvw`qvbx Znwe‡ji Rb¨ AwQqZ K‡i hvIqv|Ó(†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Avj- AwQqZÕ 12-13 c„:|)

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Aci w`‡K, Zvi gvmxwnq¨‡Zi `vwei wcQ‡b H m¤ú` jvfB D‡Ïk¨ wQj, hv Bs‡iR mvgªvR¨ev`xiv Zv‡K cÖ vb K‡iwQj Ges hv mijgbv †jvKRb n‡Z AR©‡bi Avkv KiZ| Zvi cyÎ I wØZxq Ljxdv gvngy Avng` Zvi gvgv n‡Z eY©bv K‡i e‡j‡Q: wgR©v †ki Avjx GKRb my`k©b, m¤§vbx Ges mv`v `xN© `vwo wewkó †jvK wQ‡jb| Zvi †evb cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni ¿x wQ‡jb wZwb Kvw`qv‡bi iv¯—vq e‡m _vK‡Zb| hLbB Rbve cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni Abymvix‡`i g‡a¨ †Kvb bZzb AvMš‘K Kvw`qv‡b AvmZ, ZLb wZwb Zv‡K †W‡K Kv‡Q emv‡Zb Ges ej‡Zb: †Mvjvg Avng` wg_y¨K I jy‡Uiv| †m GB †`vKvb †c‡Z‡Q (A_©vr Kvw`qvbx gZev‡`i †`vKvb) hv‡Z K‡i †m †jv‡Ki m¤ú` niY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avwg RbmvaviY‡K Zv AeMZ KiwQ| KviY †m Avgvi AvZ¥xq, Avi †Zvgiv Zv‡K †Pb bv| Avwg Rvwb, †m GKRb `wi`ª †jvK Ges Zvi Avq AwZ bMY¨| Z`ycwi Zvi fvB Zv‡K wcZvi DËivwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ K‡i‡Q| G Rb¨B †m G †`vKvb †c‡Z‡Q| †Zvgiv `~i- `~ivš— †_‡K G‡m _vK Ges Avgiv Zvi cv‡kB emevm Kwi| †Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy Avng‡`i fvlY hv Avj dR‡j mwbœ‡ewkZ, 17 GwcÖj 1946 L„:|) Avgiv BwZnv‡mi Av‡jv‡K Kvw`qvbx‡`i bexÕ bvgK cÖe‡Ü RbM‡Yi m¤ú`‡K Ab¨vqfv‡e Zvi jyVZiv‡Ri c×wZ we —vwiZfv‡e D‡j −L K‡iwQ| G avivwU Zvi Ljxdv I mš—vb‡`i g‡a¨ A`¨vewa P‡j Avm‡Q| cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn nIqvi `vwe`vi †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi Avw_©K Ae ’v nj GB| evwK iBj mvaviY †jv‡Ki Ae ’v| mK‡jiB Rvbv Av‡Q †h G hy‡M wK m¤ú‡`i GZB cÖvPzh© n‡q‡Q †h KvD‡K `vb Ki‡j †m Dnv MÖnY Ki‡e bv? †Mvjvg Avng` wK RbMY‡K ab-m¤ú` `vb KiZ? bv, me© cÖKvi cÖZviYv I wg_¨v Qjbvi Øviv Zv‡`i wbKU †_‡K Dnv MÖnY KiZ? ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi evYx †_‡K †m KZ`~‡i? gvmx‡ni AvjvBwnm mvjvg hy‡M †jvK

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G‡K Aci‡K m¤ú` w`‡Z PvB‡j †Kn Zv MÖnY Ki‡e bv| m¤ú` †`qv n‡e, wKš‘ Zv †KnB MÖnY Ki‡e bv.......| 11- AZtci ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg gvmx‡n gvID‡`i hy‡M RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Avj −vni Gev`‡Z AvMÖn Ges `ywbqv I Dnvi me wKQyi Dci Zv cÖvavb¨ †`Iqvi K_v ¯úófv‡e D‡j −L K‡i‡Qb| GUvI †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi hy‡M ev¯—evwqZ nqwb |†Kbbv, †m wb‡RB ^xKvi K‡i‡Q †h Zvi Dci Aí msL¨K gvby‡li GKwU `j Qvov Avi †Kn wek¦vm ’vcb K‡iwb| Zvi g„Zz i wÎk eQi ci Av`g ïgvixi mg‡q

Kvw`qvbx‡`i msL¨v mg¯— fvi‡Z cuPvËi nvRv‡ii AwaK nqwb| (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj dRj 21 †k Ryb 1934 L„:|) Avgv‡`i G †ePvivi Dci G ¸YwUI cÖ‡hvR¨ nj bv| 12- gmxn AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi AeZi‡Yi Ab¨Zg wb`k©b nj c„w_ex‡Z wbivcËv ’vwcZ n‡e| ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb †h, wmsn D‡Ui mwnZ, wPZvevN Mi“i mwnZ wePiY Ki‡e| evjKMY mvc wb‡q †Lj‡e, Iiv Zv‡`i †Kvb ¶wZ mvab Ki‡e bv| GUv GLb ch©š— ev¯—evwqZ nqwb| †Mvjvg Avng‡`i hy‡MI b‡n Ges Zvi c‡iI b‡n| Gi Dci eo cÖgvY nj GB †h, Kvw`qvbxiv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i nR bv Kivi cÖ‡kœ Amyweavi K_v D‡j−L K‡i e‡j‡Q: †Mvjvg Avng` Amy ’ _vKvi Kvi‡Y n¾ Ki‡Z cv‡i wb| Z ycwi wnRv‡Ri kvmbKZ©v Zvi we‡ivax| †mLv‡b Mgb Ki‡j Zvi cÖvY bv‡ki Avk¼v i‡q‡Q| (Avj dRj, 10 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1929 L„:|) GB nj †Mvjvg Avng‡`i hy‡M wbivcËvi Ae ’v, hv Kvw`qvbxiv wb‡RB ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q| †Kv_vq †mB D‡Ui mwnZ wms‡ni, wPZvev‡Ni mwnZ Mi“i Ges QvM‡ji mwnZ †bK‡o ev‡Ni wePiY? †Kv_vq evjK‡`i mvc wb‡q †Ljv ? D‡j−L¨ †h, †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx Zvi wkl¨‡`i gva¨‡g wei“× ev`xMY‡K ¸ß nZ¨v Kivi Awf‡hv‡M Awfhy³ nq Ges Zv‡K Av`vj‡Z nvwRi Kiv nq| wKš‘ weªwUk Av`vjZ Zv‡K Lvjvm K‡i †`q|

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13- cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn Gi Av‡iv GKwU ¸Y nj wZwb AeZi‡Yi ci n‡¾ Gdiv`, ZvgvËz A_ev †K¡ivb Ki‡eb| †hgb, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ †Mvjvg Avng` nRI K‡i wb, DgivnI K‡iwb| GgbwK cweÎ ’vb mg~n †`Lvi I Zvi my‡hvM N‡Uwb| GB‡Zv Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ae ’v hviv ye©j, Aš—tmviïY¨ I m —v e¨vL¨v Øviv Zv‡`i gb‡K mvš—¡bv w`‡q e‡j‡Q: †hgb Avgiv c~‡e© D‡j−L K‡iwQ, †Mvjvg Avng` Amy¯’ _vKvi Kvi‡Y Zvi Dci n¾ diR nqwb Ges †nRv‡Ri cÖkvmKI Zvi we‡ivax wQ‡jb| †Kbb, fvi‡Zi Av‡jgMY Zv‡K nZ¨v Kiv IqvwRe e‡j dZIqv w`‡q‡Qb| Kv‡RB †m ILv‡b †M‡j Zvi cÖvY bv‡ki Avk¼v i‡q‡Q| (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj dRj 10 †m‡Þ¤^i, 1929 L„:|) G nj Zvi Ae¯’v| A_P †m `vwe K‡i‡Q †h, Zvi Dci Hkx evYx G‡m‡Q, Avj−vn †Zvgv‡K gvby‡li nvZ †_‡K i¶v Ki‡eb|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi ZvR †KivZzk kvnv`vZvBbÕ 4 c„:|) †gvUK_v, cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn nIqvi `vwe`vi †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx n¾ K‡iwb, †ivM, fq wKsev Ab¨ †h †Kvb Kvi‡Y †nvK | A_P †m wb‡RB ^xKvi K‡i‡Q †h, weï× nv`x‡m i‡q‡Q ÒcÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn n¾ Ki‡eb,| (†Mvjv‡gi AvBqv‡g myjvnÕ 169 c„:|) †h‡nZz ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi GK_v cÖgvwYZ †h n¾ Kiv cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni Ab¨Zg ¸Y †nZz Zvi †Kvb IRi AvcwËi AeKvk _vK‡e bv| †Kbbv, cÖK…Z gvmx‡ni Rb¨ n¾ Kivi e¨vcv‡i hZ evav wecwË Av‡Q Zv me mwi‡q †djv n‡e, hv‡Z K‡i Zvi Rb¨ G ¸YwU cÖ‡hvR¨ nq hv Ggb bx eY©bv K‡i‡Qb whwb Inx Øviv K_v e‡jb| G K_vi cÖwZ †Mvjv‡gi ^xK…wZ i‡q‡Q †h, nv`xmwU weï× Ges gvmx‡ni Rb¨ n¾ mve¨ —| 14- ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb, gvmxn AvjvBwnm mvjvg c„w_ex‡Z Pwj−k ermi Ae ’vb K‡i g„Zz eiY Ki‡eb| †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbx 1839 ev 1840 m‡b Rb¥

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MÖnY K‡i1 Ges 1908 m‡b g„Zz eiY K‡i|2 GB wnmv‡e Zvi eqm 68/69 ermi nq| wKš‘ †m Gi e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Q †h, nv`x‡m ewY©Z eqm Øviv beyq‡Zi eqm D‡Ïk¨| (†Mvjv‡gi GRvjvZzj AvInvg 81 c„:|) Zvi G `vwe ev¯—evwqZ nqwb| †Kbbv, Zvi gvmxn nIqvi `vwe wQj 1891 L„:, †hgb Zvi cyÎ ekxi Avng` Zvi mxi‡Z D‡j−L K‡i e‡j‡Q: A_©vr †Mvjvg 1882 m‡b †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb †h, wZwb G D¤§‡Zi ms¯‹viK wnmv‡e wb‡qvwRZ Ges 1889 m‡b †NvlYv w`‡jb †h wZwb gvmxn gvID`| (ekxi Avng‡`i mxi‡Z gvn`x 1g LÊ 31 c„:|) G wfwˇZ Zvi gmxn nIqvi `vwei Dci m‡Zi eQ‡ii AwaK Kvj AwZevwnZ nqwb Ges †m Pwj−k eQi RxweZI _v‡Kwb| ZvB G ¸YwUI Zvi g‡a¨ cvIqv †Mj bv| 15- AZtci ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb- gvmxn AvjvBwnm mvjvg g„Zz eiY Kivi ci gymjgvbMY Zuvi Rvbvhvi bvgvR Av`vq Ki‡eb| wKš‘ †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Ae ’v Gi wecixZ| †Kbbv, GKRb gymjgvbI Zvi Rvbvhvi bvgvR c‡owb| eis hviv Zvi Rvbvhvi bvgvR c‡o‡Q| Zviv mevB wQj gyiZv` I we‡`ªvnx `jfy³| Kvw`qvbx‡`i †KnB GK_v cÖgvY Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv †h, †Kvb gymwjg e¨w³ Zvi Rvbvhvi bvgvR c‡o‡Q|

16- nv`xm kix‡d Av‡Q, †h nv`xm‡K Bebyj RvIhxi Dc ’vcbv Abyhvqx wgkKvZzj gvmvex‡ni MÖš’Kvi eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg iIRv gyevi‡K mgvwa ’ n‡eb| G nv`x‡mi mb` hvPvB‡qi †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb †bB| KviY, †Mvjvg Avng` wb‡RB Gi ^xK…wZ w`‡q e‡j‡Q: ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb, cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn Avgvi Ke‡i mgvwa ’ n‡eb| (†Mvjvg

1 ¸jv‡gi wKZveyj ewiq¨v 134 c„t 2 Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj-wnKg 28†k †g , 1908 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ|

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Kvw`qvbxi mvwdbv‡q b~n 15 c„:|) AZGe †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Rb¨ G m¤§vb AwR©Z nqwb, †mZ ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg KeiI wRqviZ Ki‡Z cv‡iwb, Avi mgvwa ’ nIqv †Zv ~‡ii K_v? KviY †m jv‡nv‡i g„Zz eiY K‡i‡Q (cwðg cvwK¯—v‡bi ivRavbx) c‡i Zvi jvk Kvw`qvbx G‡b Z_vq `vdb Kiv nq|1 hLb G ¸YwUI Zvi †ejvq cÖ‡hvR¨ nqwb ZLb Zviv Zv‡`i Af¨vm Abyhvqx weK…Z e¨vL¨v w`‡q ej‡Z jvMj †h, Kei Øviv cÖK…Z Kei D‡Ïk¨ b‡n, eis Ava¨vwZ¥K Kei D‡Ïk¨| †Kbbv, hw` cÖK…Z Kei D‡Ïk¨ b‡n, eis Ava¨vwZ¥K Kei D‡Ïk¨| †Kbbv, hw` cÖK…Z Kei D‡Ïk¨ n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e Zv‡Z ivm~jyj−vn Gi Aegvbbv n‡e| Avi Zv nj, Kei Ly‡j Zv‡Z cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn‡K `vdb Kiv| (Lvw`g Kvw`qvbxi Avngw`qv c‡KU eyK|) Avgiv ewj: AvieMY Kei kã e‡j Kei ’vb A_© MÖnY K‡i| GUv Zv‡`i Kv‡Q cÖPwjZ| gyQvbœv‡d Beb Avwe kvBevi iv. wKZveyj Rvbvwq‡h Avãyj −vn Be‡b gvmD` n‡Z ewY©Z Av‡Q, wZwb e‡j‡Qb: ÔAvgv‡K Imgvb Beb gvhD‡bi Ke‡i A_©vr Kei ’v‡b `vdb KwiI| (Be‡b Avwe kvBev, wKZveyj Rvbvwqh 134 c„: fviZxq gy`ªY|) GKB wKZv‡ei GKB fv‡e gyqvweqv Be‡b wnkvg †_‡K ewY©Z Av‡Q, wZwb mywdqvb †_‡K, mywdqvb Aci GK e¨w³ †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, Lvqmvgv IwmqvZ K‡i †M‡jb †h, Zv‡K †hb Zvi †MvÎxq `wi ª‡`i gvKeviv‡Z (Kei ’v‡b) `vdb Kiv nq| Avie‡`i wbKU gvKevivi ’‡j Kei Ges Ke‡ii ’‡j gvKeviv e¨envi cÖPzi i‡q‡Q| Kvw`qvbx gyev‡j−M Lv‡`g Zvi cy —‡K gyj −v Avjx K¡vix †_‡K eY©bv D‡j−L K‡i‡Q †h, Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg c„w_ex‡Z Ae ’v‡bi ci n¾ m¤úv`b Ki‡eb Ges wd‡i G‡m g°v I gw`bvi ga¨ ’‡j g„Zz eiY Ki‡eb| Zuv‡K gw`bv‡Z G‡b iIRv kix‡d `vdb Kiv n‡e| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Avngw`qv c‡KU eyK 482 c„:|) 3 Avj-wnKgÕ 28 †k †g, 1908 L„t|

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G K_vI Acwinvh© bq †h Òg‡a¨Ó Ae¨qwU me© v Riwdq‡Zi ( ’vb-Kvj) A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡e| KLbI KLbI wbKU A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡q _v‡K| Avj−vni wb‡æv³ evYx Gi cÖgvY,Avj −vn e‡jb: Òab¨ †m e¨w³, †h Av¸‡bi wbKUeZ©x ’v‡b Av‡Q|1 Bgvg ivRx e‡jb, GUvB AwaK hyw³msMZ| †Kbbv, wbKUeZ©x e ‘‡K ejv nq GUv Dnvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q| (Bgvg ivRxi Zvdmx‡i Kvexi 436 c„:, 6ó LÊ|) AZGe, Avgvi Ke‡i `vdb Kiv n‡e Gi A_© Avgvi Ke‡ii wbKU `vdb Kiv n‡e| wZiwgRx Avãyj−vn Beb mvjvg iv. †_‡K †h †iIqv‡qZ K‡i‡Qb Zv G A_©‡K mg_©b K‡i| wZwb e‡j‡Qb: ZvIiv‡Z gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Ae ’v Gfv‡e wjwLZ Av‡Q, gwiqg cyÎ Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Zvi mwnZ mgvwa ’ n‡eb| wZiwgRx G nv`xmwU eY©bv K‡i e‡j‡Qb, GUv nv`x‡m nvmvb| Avi G nv`xmwU Zve‡iRx wgkKvZzj gvmvex‡n D‡j−L K‡i e‡j‡Qb: Avey gvI y e‡j‡Qb: (wZwb G nv`x‡mi GKRb gv`vbx ivex) G N‡i GKwU Ke‡ii RvqMv Aewkó i‡q‡QÕ D‡j−L¨ †h, †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx wb‡R ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q G nv`xm (A_©vr Cmv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Avgvi Ke‡i mgvwa ’ n‡eb|) Gi cÖKvk¨ A_© MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i A_©vr m¤¢eZ: Aci GKRb gvmxn AvMgb Ki‡eb, hv‡K ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi iIRv cv‡Ki wbKU `vdb Kiv n‡e|(†Mvjv‡gi GRvjvZzj AvInvg 196 c„:|) Abyiƒc fv‡e Kvw`qvbx weZK© Kvwiiv I G K_vi ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Q, hv c~‡e© D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| GUvB Avgv‡`i D‡Ïk¨| G mg¯— AKvU¨ cÖgvYvw` I ¯úó `jxj `¯—v‡eR Øviv mve¨¯— nj †h, †Mvjvg Avng` Zvi gvmxn nIqvi `vwe‡Z wg_y K| Avi Zv H mg — ¸Yvewji gvc KvwU‡Z hv ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, whwb Inx e¨ZxZ K_v e‡jb bv, hvi m¤ú‡K© 1 myiv bvgj, 8|

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gnvb Avj−vni kc_ K‡i ejwQ, wZwbB Avgv‡K Zuvi Ljxdv wba©vwiZ K‡i‡Qb| Ggb †K Av‡Q †h †Ljvd‡Zi G Pv`i Avgv †_‡K †K‡o wb‡Z cv‡i? Avj−vn Zuvi cQ›` I B”Qvq Avgv‡K †Zvgv‡`i Bgvg I Ljxdv wbhy³ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| myZivs †Zvgiv hv B”Qv Zv ej‡Z _vK| wKš‘ †Zvgiv Avgv‡K †h mg — Acev` †`‡e I wb›`v Ki‡e Zv Avgvi wbKU †cuŠ‡Qv‡e bv, eis †cuŠ‡Qv‡e Avj−vni wbKU| †Kbbv, wZwbB Avgv‡K Ljxdv wbhy³ K‡i‡Qb|Ó (byi“Ïx‡bi †NvlYv, hv Kvw`qvbx g¨vMvwRb wiwfD Ae wiwjwRIÝ G mwbœ‡ewkZ, 14 LÊ 6 b¤^i, 234 c„:) ZLb Kvw`qvbxiv Zv‡`i bexi Ljxdv wn‡m‡e Zvi nv‡Z evBqvZ Kij| KviY †Mvjvg Avng‡`i cwiev‡ii mv‡_ Zvi Mfxi m¤úK© wQj Ges Zviv RvbZ †h Zv‡`i fÊbex Zv‡K AwZkq m¤§vb KiZ| we‡kl K‡i hLb mvgªvR¨ev`x miKvi †Ljvd‡Zi gyKzU Zvi gv_vq ivL‡Z m¤§wZ cÖ`vb Kij| Gici Zvi wLjvdZ‡K mg_©b Kiv Qvov wegyL nIqvi ¶gZv Kv‡iv wQj bv| D‡j−L¨ †h mvgªvR¨ev`xiv Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i cÖwZ Zvi fv‡jvevmv , wbôv I †mev Ges gymjgvb‡`i cÖwZ Zvi wek¦vm NvZKZvi e¨vcv‡i cix¶v K‡iB Zvi †LjvdZ m¤ú‡K© m¤§wZ w`‡qwQj| d‡j †m Kvw`qvbx wmsnvm‡bi Dci R‡g emj Ges (bvDhywej−vn) wb‡R‡K Avey eK‡ii iv. mgZzj¨ e‡j †NvlYv w`j| †Kv_vq G MvÜx Lex‡Qi Ae ’vb? Avi †Kv_vq Avey eKi iv. Gi gZ cvK cweÎ e¨w³? †m †Zv H e¨w³ †h Zvi wbR m¤ú‡K© e‡j: ÒAvwg R¤§y GjvKvq wQjvg| Z_vKvi GKRb wn› y gwnjv Avgv‡K fv‡jvevmZ| hLb Avgvi yB cyÎ dR‡j Bjvwn I nvwdRyi ingvb gviv †Mj ZLb †m Avgvi wbKU G‡m ejj- Avwg Ggb Ggb ywU cyÎ †Zvgv‡K `vb Kie| Dˇi Avwg Zv‡K ejjvg- Ggwb fv‡e wK e`jv cvIqv m¤¢e? (AvKei Kvw`qvbxi wgivKvZzj BqvKxb wd nvqv‡Z byi“ÏxbÕ 199 c„:) †Kv_vq H e¨w³i Ae ’vb †h Zvi Øxb I Cgvb †K Zz”Q cvw_©e

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GeviZ Avgv‡`i e³‡e¨i ¯úó mv¶¨| evwK, fÊbexi mwnZ Zv‡`i †eqv`ex Kiv m‡Ë¡I `‡ji g‡a¨ †bZv I cÖavb wn‡m‡e envj _vKv †Kvb Avð‡h©i welq b‡n| †Kbbv, Zviv RvbZ †h, G beyq‡Zi `vwe GKUv e¨emvqx †Kv¤úvwb Ges Zviv mevB Gi Askx`vi| †gvUK_v, Kvw`qvbxiv `y `‡j wef³ n‡q coj| GK `‡ji cÖavb wQj byi“Ïxb| G‡`i AvKx`v wQj †Mvjvg Avng` Avj −vni bex I ivm~j Ges †m cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn I gvn`x| †m mKj bex ivm~‡ji g‡a¨ DËg Ges †h e¨w³ Zv‡Z wek¦vm Ki‡e bv, †m Kv‡di, Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸‡b cÖ‡ek Ki‡e| byi“Ïxb e¨ZxZ G `‡ji Ab¨vb¨ cÖavb e¨w³eM© wQj †Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy Avng` I Kvw`qvbx‡`i gydwZ gynv¤§` mv‡`K cÖgyL| G `jB wQj fÊbex Kvw`qvbxi cÖK…Z `j| †Kbbv, GivB †Mvjvg Avng‡`i wk¶v‡K †LvjvLywjfv‡e cÖPvi KiZ Ges †Kvb wKQy †Mvcb KiZ bv| wØZxq `j hv‡`i cÖavb wQj gynv¤§` Avjx| Zviv cÖKvk KiZ †h, †Mvjvg Avng` bex I ivm~j b‡n, eis gyRvwÏ` I ms¯‹viK| Zv‡K †h Agvb¨ Ki‡e †m dv‡mK wec_Mvgx| G‡`i cÖavb cÖavb †jvK wQj LvRv KvgvjyÏxb, gynv&¤§` Avnmvb Avgi“nx cÖgyL| wKš‘ †Mvjvg Avng‡`i wk¶v I evYx G‡`i AbyKz‡j wQj bv| Zv Avgiv c~‡e© D‡j−L K‡iwQ| gynv¤§` Avjxi Pwi·K cwic~Y©fv‡e eY©bv Kivi Rb¨ Avgiv Av‡iv wKQy wel‡qi D‡j−L Kie| hv‡Z G a‡g©i g~j Dcv`vb †h ˆZwi K‡i‡Q Zvi c¶ †_‡K G a‡g©i cÖK…Z iƒc cÖKvk Kiv m¤¢e nq| gynv¤§` Avjx Kvw`qvbx ag© †_‡K c„_K n‡q wK Kij? Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj dRj †_‡K Avgiv Zv ï‡b †bB| nq‡Zv: cvVKMY Rv‡bb †h, D¯—v` gynv¤§` Avjx hLb Kvw`qvb †_‡K †ei n‡q hvq, ZLb Bs‡iwR fvlvq KziAv‡bi Abyev` Pzwi K‡i

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Zvi mv‡_ wb‡q hvq| †h Abyev‡`i Rb¨ RvgvZ nvRvi nvRvi UvKv e¨q K‡iwQj| GKwU weivU jvB‡eªwi I Pzwi K‡i wb‡q †Mj| Abyiƒcfv‡e GKUv Qvcv †gwkbI wb‡q †Mj, hvi g~j¨ (ZLbKvi w`‡b) mv‡o wZb kZ UvKv wQj| (Avj dRj, 1jv RyjvB, 1915 L„:|) GUvI Rv‡bb †h, D¯—v` gynv¤§` Avjx Rvgv‡Zi c¶ †_‡K KziAv‡bi Bs‡iwR fvlvq Abyev` KiZ| A_©vr †m G Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q GKUv weivU cvwikÖwgK MÖnY KiZ| AZtci †m Kvw`qvb †_‡K G ARynv‡Z G †evUv ev` (eZ©gv‡b cvwK¯—v‡bi GKwU MÖx®§Kvjxb evm ’vb) P‡j †Mj †h, Aewkó Abyev` †m ILv †b wM‡q c~Y© Ki‡e| G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †m nvRvi UvKv AwMÖg MÖnYK‡i| Abyiƒc fve †m Kvw`qvbx‡`i mvaviY jvB‡eªwi †_‡K nvRvi nvRvi UvKv g~‡j¨i cyw¯—Kvw` wb‡q hvq| GB mv‡_ GKUv AvaywbK Qvcv †gwkbI †m wb‡q †Mj, hvi gvwjK wQj Kvw`qvbx RvgvZ| Rvgv‡Zi wbKU G mg¯— wRwbm †diZ †`Iqvi e`‡j †m jv‡nv‡i †NvlYv w`j- G mg — wRwbm Zvi wb‡RiB Ges Gi mv‡_ Kvw`qvbx‡`i †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| AZtci †m KziAv‡bi Abyev` 1 †_‡K Kvw`qvbx‡`i wKQy gvmqvjv †ei K‡i wek¦vmNvZKZvi kx‡l© †cuŠ‡Q hvq| †m Avj −vni G evYxi cÖwZ 僇¶cI K‡iwb: Ò†Zvgiv †R‡b ï‡b Avj−vn I ivm~‡ji cÖwZ wek¦vmNvZKZv K‡iv bv Ges †Zvgv‡`i Avgvb‡ZI wLqvbZ K‡iv bv|Ó Avj−vn Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, wZwb wek¦vmNvZK‡`i cQ›` K‡ib bv|Õ (Avj-dRj, 2iv Ryb, 1931 L„:) gynv¤§` Avjx Rbve cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni wPš—vaviv Pzwi K‡i KziAv‡bi Abyev` I e¨vL¨vq mwbœ‡ewkZ K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ D‡j−L K‡iwb †h, †m Zvi wbKU †_‡K Zv MÖnY K‡i‡Q| (Avj-dRjÕ 1 AZ¨š— AbyZv‡ci welq †h, A‡bK gymjgvb Bs‡iRx fvlvq KziAv‡bi Abyev` I e¨vL¨vK…Z Zvi MÖš’wU wKb‡Qb, Zv‡`i avibv †h Dnvi †jLK GKRb gymwjg e¨w³| Ggwbfv‡e, Zviv H mKj loh‡š¿i K_vI Rv‡bb bv hv‡K †m Dnvi Abyev` I e¨L¨vi g‡a¨ MÖw_Z K‡i‡Q| myZivs G Z_¨ Rvbvi ci mK‡jiB mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Kiv DwPZ|

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31 †k Ryb 1931L„t) GK`v Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv cÖKvk Kij- Ô†KejgvÎ D¯—v` gynv¤§` Avjx Bs‡iR‡`i c‡¶ ¸ßPi e„wˇZ wb‡qvwRZ b‡nb, eis Zvi m¤§vwbZv ¯¿xI GB †mevq wb‡qvwRZ i‡q‡Qb| (cqMv‡g myjvn, hv Avj-dRj, †_‡K DׄZ, 3iv gvP©, 1931 L„:) GB nj Kvw`qvbx‡`i †bZv Ges jv‡nvix Kvw`qvbx Rvgv‡Zi Avwg‡ii Ae ’v, Avi, GB nj jv‡nvix Kvw`qvbx Rvgv‡Zi Ae ’v, ! D‡j−L¨ †h, jv‡nvix Kvw`qvbx ag© byi“Ïx‡bi g„Zz i ci †Mvjvg Avng‡`i cvwievwiK m¤úwˇZ cwiYZ nj| jv‡nvix Rvgv‡Zi cÖavb nj gynv¤§` Avjx, Gi mwPe nj Zvi fvB Ges Gi †Kvkva¶¨ nj Zvi fvwZRv| mvaviY I we‡kl cvVvMvi m¤úv`K nj Zvi f‡Mœ| cwÎKv, g¨vMvwRb I †NvlYvcÎ wefv‡Mi cÖavb nj Zvi k¦ïi| †gngvb`vix wefv‡Mi cÖavb nj Zvi Avi GK AvZ¥xq| (Avj-dRj hv, 7B †m‡Þ¤^i, 1928 L„: cÖKvwkZ|) Kvw`qvbx‡`i wØZxq Ljxdv gvngy` Avng`: 1914 mv‡j byi“Ïx‡bi g„Zz i ci †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi cyÎ Rb mg‡¶ G‡m wb‡R‡K Ljxdv †NvlYv w`j| †m ïa~ Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ljxdv b‡n, eis mgMÖ we‡k¦i Ljxdv| Abš—i, †m †NvlYv w`j: ÔAvwg ïay Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ljxdv bB Ges ïay fvi‡ZiI bB, eis Avwg cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni Ljxdv| ZvB, AvdMvwb¯—vb, Avie wek¦, Bivb, Pxb, Rvcvb, BD‡ivc, Av‡gwiKv, Avwd«Kv, my-gvÎv, Rvfv, GgbwK weªwU‡kiI Ljxdv| we‡k¦i mKj gnv‡`ke¨vcx Avgvi AvwacZ¨ i‡q‡Q|Õ (gvngy Avng‡`i fvlY hv Avj-dRj cwÎKvq mwbœ‡ewkZ, 1jv b‡f¤^i, 1931 L„:) †mB Zvi weK…Z gw¯—®‹ wcZvi h_v_© mwZ¨Kvi ¯’jvwfwl³| Kv‡RB, †m Zvi wcZvi b¨vq cvMjvwg Avi¤¢ K‡i Ges †NvlYv †`q: KziAv‡b Avgvi D‡j −L i‡q‡Q| KziAv‡b ewY©Z †jvKgvb Ges Z`xq cy‡Îi Kvwnbx j¶¨ Ki“b! †jvKgvb †K Zv wK Rvb? Ges

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Zvi †Q‡jB ev †K? †jvKgvb nj cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn (†Mvjvg) Ges Zvi †Q‡j njvg Avwg|Õ (†Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy Avng‡`i fvlY hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj dR‡j mwbœ‡ewkZ, 12B gvP©, 1923 L„:) mvgªvR¨ev‡`i `vm‡Z¡ Zvi evevi PwiÎ MÖnY K‡i †m †NvlYv w`j- Bs‡iR miKv‡ii ytL Avgv‡`iB ytL| Kvw`qvbx evwnbx hviv d«vÝ f~wg‡Z weªwU‡ki kΓM‡Yi mv‡_ hy×iZ Av‡Q, Zviv †hb G gg©wU Abyaveb K‡i †bq| (Avj-dRjÕ 27‡k A‡±vei, 1914L„t) Zzi¯‹ I Aw÷ªqvq Bs‡iRiv Zv‡`i kΓ gymjgvbMY‡K civwRZ Kivi Lywk‡Z Ljxdv gvngy Zvi Abymvix‡`i‡K Avb›` gvnwdj Abyôv‡bi wb‡ ©k †`q Ges hy× cÖ ‘wZ‡Z Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ask MÖn‡Yi wbwg‡Ë miKv‡ii Kv‡Q cuvP nvRvi UvKv †cÖiY K‡i| GZ &e¨ZxZ fviZ e‡l© wek¦vm NvZK mvgªvR¨ev`x kvmK †Mvôx‡K ab¨ev` w`‡q A‡bK A‡bK Zvi evZ©v †cÖiY K‡i| (Avj-dRj cwÎKv †`Lyb, 16 b‡f¤^i, 1918 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ) Avgiv Gi Rxebx msw¶ß AvKv‡i avivevwnKfv‡e eY©bv Kie, hv‡Z cvVK Rvb‡Z cv‡ib †h, †Kgb e¨w³wU Kvw`qvbx‡`i †bZ…Z¡ w`‡”Q| cÖ_gZ: †m Kvw`qvbx‡`i g‡a¨ Zvi K‡qKRb wei“×ev`x‡`i ¸ß nZ¨vi Awf‡hv‡M Awfhy³ nq| G‡`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Zvi ¿x †h b~i“Ïx‡bi Kb¨v wQj Ges Zvi k¨vjK| (Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avj dRjÕ 14B AvM÷, 1937L„t|) KviY, Zviv Zvi cvwievwiKI `v¤úZ¨ Rxeb msµvš— †Lqvb‡Z cwic~Y©| †m †h mKj nvivg I j¾vnxb Ak −xj Kv‡R wjß wQj ZvI Zviv RvbZ| G mKj NUbvi GKwU nj GB, R‰bK Kvw`qvbx Zv‡K Zvi cyÎea~ al©Y Kivi Awf‡hvM w`‡q e‡j- Avwg Avng` Øxb cÖKv‡k¨ †NvlYv w`w”Q †h, Avwg GKRb Kvw`qvbx Ges Avwg wek¦vm Kwi †h, cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn Avj−vni bex I ivm~j wQ‡jb| Avwg Rbve gvmx‡ni wØZxq Ljxdv Z`xq cyÎ gvngy` Avng‡`i nv‡ZI evqAvZ K‡iwQ| Avgvi ¿x I cwievi cwiRb wØZxq

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Ljxdv gvngy` Avng‡`i evwo‡Z Zvi cwievi eM© I gvmx‡n gvID‡`i cwiev‡ii †mev h‡Zœi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zvi evwo‡Z hvq| gvngy` Avng` Zv‡K GKvwKbx †`L‡Z †c‡q †Kvb †KŠk‡j Zv‡K Zvi K‡¶ wb‡q al©Y K‡i Ges e‡j KvD‡K Zzwg GK_v ewjI bv| hw` ej, Z‡e †KnB †Zvgv‡K wek¦vm Ki‡e b, eis Zzwg wb‡RB †jvKR‡bi Kv‡Q †nq cÖwZcbœ n‡e| Abš—i, †m †Ku‡` †Ku‡` evwo‡Z G‡m NUbvwU ejj| Avwg Ljxdvi wbKU wM‡q wRÁvmv Kijvg| †m Zv A ^xKvi Kij| Zv‡K njd Ki‡Z ejjvg| ZvI †m cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kij Ges Avgv‡K g„Zz¨ A_ev Kvw`qvb †_‡K weZvwoZ Kivi ûgwKI w`j, hw` Avwg gyL Ly‡j Kv‡iv Kv‡Q GK_v ewj| Avwg G cÎwU cwÎKvq G Rb¨ cvVvw”Q, hv‡Z RbMY GB Ljxdvi ev¯—e iƒc m¤ú‡K© AewnZ n‡Z cv‡i †h Zvi Aciva mg~n Kvw`qvbx wmjwmjv‡K KjywlZ K‡i‡Q| hw` †m Avgvi cyÎea~i mv‡_ e¨wfPvi bv K‡i _v‡K Zvn‡j †m Avgvi mv‡_ †gvevnvjv K‡i ejyK- wg_¨vev`x‡`i Dci Avj −vni Awfkvc AeZxY© †nvK |Õ (Avng` Øxb Kvw`qvbxi cÎ hv ˆ`wbK Rgxb`vi jv‡nvix cwÎKvq cÖPvwiZ|) G cÎwU cÖPvwiZ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zviv Avng` Øxb‡K eo A‡¼i UvKv w`‡q ek K‡i wbj| †kl ch©š— †m Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv Avi-dR‡j G g‡g© †NvlYv w`j †h, Rgxb`vi cwÎKvq Avwg †h cÎ cÖPvi K‡iwQjvg Z¾b¨ Avwg AbyZß| KviY Avgvi cyÎea~ LjxdvZzj gvmx‡ni Dci wg_¨v Acev` w`‡q‡Q| (GUv wK eyw×m¤§Z K_v †h, †Kvb GKRb weevwnZ bvix wb‡Ri Rb¨ Giƒc wg_¨v Acev` iUbv K‡i aŸsm †W‡K Avb‡Z cv‡i?) G Rb¨ Avgiv Zv‡K Z¡vjvK w`‡qwQ| Zvi wei“‡× Avwg †g kc_ AvnŸvb K‡iwQjvg, ZvI Avgvi c¶ †_‡K GKwU fyj wQj| †Kbbv Avwg RvbZvg bv †h, †gvevnvjv G ai‡bi welqvw`‡Z ˆea b‡n| myZivs Avwg †NvlYv w`w”Q, nhi‡Zi kc_ e¨ZxZ Ges nhi‡Zi mv‡_ †gvevnvjv e¨ZxZ Avgvi wek¦vm †h, Avgvi cyÎea~ nhiZ (gvngy Avng`) †K

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wg_¨v Acev` w`‡q‡Q|Õ (Øxb Avng` Kvw`qvbxi †NvlYv hv Avj-dRj cwÎKvq 3iv Ryb 1930 mv‡j cÖPvwiZ|) wVK GKB Acev` Zv‡K Av‡iv A‡bK e¨w³ w`‡q‡Qb, hv‡`i msL¨v we‡ki AwaK| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Qb, Ave yi ingvb Kvw`qvbx, BwÄwbqvi Avãyj Kixg, Wv³vi Avãyj AvRxR cÖgyL e¨w³MY| G‡`i hvivB Zvi †_‡K kc_ A_ev †gvevnvjv `vwe K‡i‡Qb †m Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Q Ges Acev` A ^xKvi K‡i‡Q| jv‡nvix Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv cÖPvi K‡i‡Q 1925 mvj n‡Z 1949 mvj ch©š— gvngy Avng‡`i Dci e¨wfPv‡ii Acev` we‡ki AwaK `uvwo‡q‡Q| G me Acev` H mKj †jv‡Ki c¶ †_‡K Av‡ivwcZ n‡q‡Q hviv Avj−vni mš‘wó jv‡fi Rb¨ wbR kni I Rbc` Z¨vM K‡i wnhiZ K‡i‡Q| Zv m‡Ë¡I Ljxdv gvngy GKwU gvÎ K_v ej‡Z mvnm cvqwb, Ôwg_¨vev`x‡`i Dci Avj−vni Awfkvc|Õ †Kbbv, †m ev¯—e Ae ’v m¤ú‡K© AewnZ i‡q‡Q| (cvqMv‡g myjvn, 16B b‡f¤i 1949 L„:|) G‡`iB GKRb Kvw`qv‡bi gRjygMY bv‡g GKwU ^Zš¿ cyw —Kv iPbv K‡i Dnv‡Z Acev` mg~‡ni D‡j−L Kivi ci e‡j‡Q: Avãyi ingvb wgmwi Kvw`qvbx G mKj Acev‡`i AbymÜvb Kivi Rb¨ wewkó Kvw`qvbx‡`i wb‡q GKwU KwgwU MVb Kivi Øvex Rvbvj, wKš‘ Ljxdv Zv‡Z m¤§wZ cÖ vb K‡ib wb, eis wZwb wKQyw`b ci Zv‡K RvgvZ †_‡K Zvwo‡q †`b Ges Zvi hyw³msMZ kZ©vewj MÖnY Kivi cwie‡Z© Zv‡K Kvw`qvbx ag© n‡Z ewn®‹v‡ii †NvlYv cÖ vb K‡ib| (dLi“Ïxb gyjZvbx Kvw`qvbxi wjwLZ Kvw`qv‡bi gRjygMY|Õ) GB nj Kvw`qvbx Bgvg I Zv‡`i Ljxdvi ^iƒc, †h me© v G ai‡bi KzrwmZ Acev‡`i Øviv Awfhy³ wQj| eis Zvi gywi`M‡Yi c¶ n‡Z| Avwg wµwgbvj Av`vj‡Zi †iwRóvi n‡Z wb‡æv³ †h fvl¨wU DׄZ KiwQ Zv G †jvKwUi gvbwmKZvi mwVK wPÎ Zz‡j ai‡Q| gvngy Avng‡`i Kv‡Q GKRb hyeZx †mweKv wQj| †m GKevi wKQy Jla µq Kivi Rb¨ Gnmvb Avjx Kvw`qvbx Zv‡K cÖZvwiZ K‡i Zvi dv‡g©wmi †cQ‡b GKwU

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K‡¶ wb‡q wM‡q Zvi mv‡_ e¨wfPvi K‡i| hLb Qvjgv bvwgœ G †mweKv evwo cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i, ZLb Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv gvngy Avng‡`i wbKU NUbvwUi msev` †`q| Ljxdv Gnmvb Avjx‡K †W‡K cvVv‡jb Ges Qvjgv‡K ej‡jb- Zv‡K (A_©vr Gnmvb Avjx‡K) `kwU RyZv gvi| mvjgv Zv‡K RyZv gvij, Gici Zv‡K †Q‡o w`‡j †m P‡j †Mj|Õ (Ag„Zmi †Rjv nvwK‡gi Av`j‡Z Qvjgvi mv¶¨, 10B RyjvB 1935 L„: hv Avj gvhnveyj Kvw`qvbx Awfavb †_‡K DׄZ|) D³ fvl¨wU GK_v Qvov Avi wKQyB eySvq bv †h, †jvKwU G RNb¨ Aciva †K gvgyjx welq g‡b KiZ| Gici H hyeZx‡K e¨wfPvix Gnmvb Avjxi Mv‡q nvjKvfv‡e RyZv w`‡q cÖnvi Kivi wb‡ ©k †`Iqv wK GK_v eySvq bv †h, †m G mKj Acev` Øviv Awfhy³ nj, ZLb †m wb‡R‡K wb‡ ©vl cÖgvY Ki‡Z m¶g n‡Z cv‡iwb| Avi GKevi Ag„Zm‡ii Ô†gvevnvjvÕ bvgK cwÎKv KZ©…c¶ Zv‡K G wel‡qi Dci †gvevnvjv Ki‡Z P¨v‡jÄ K‡iwQj †h, †m e¨wfPvix b‡n| wKš‘ †m GB e‡j Zv‡`i cÖwZev` Kij- G mg¯— e¨vcv‡i †gevnvjv Kiv ˆea b‡n| AZci. Dgi DwÏb mgjex Kvw`qvbx eY©bv Ki‡Q †h, Ag„Zm‡ii †gevnvjv cwÎKv KZ©…K Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv gvngy` Avng` †K G mKj P¨v‡jÄ cÖ vb Ges I¸‡jv Zvi cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kivi ci Avwg gvngy Avng‡`i Kv‡Q †Mjvg| ZLb †m MÖx®§Kvjxb Avevm ’j gvbm~wi‡Z Ae ’vb KiwQj| (gvbmyix fvi‡Zi Ab¨Zg MÖx®§ Kvjxb Avevm ’j|) Avwg Zv‡K ejjvg- gymjgvbMY G‡K Aci‡K e¨wfPv‡ii Acev` †`Iqvi Ae ’vq †gvevnvjv ˆea n‡e bv †Kb? A_P cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn ¯úófv‡e e‡j †M‡Qb †h, G mg — Ae ’vq †gevnvjv ˆea| Ljxdv gvngy Avng` Avgv‡K DËi w`j, Avwg BwZc~‡e© G mg¯— e¨vcv‡i †gvevnvjv ˆea nIqvi e¨vcv‡i cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni dZIqv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ wQjvg bv| Rbve cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmx‡ni dZIqv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ nIqvi ci Ljxdvi KZ©e¨ wQj †h, †m Uvj-evnvbv K‡i

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†gevnvjv †_‡K wcQy nU‡e bv| wKš‘ Zv m‡Ë¡I †m wb‡R‡K wb‡ ©vl mve¨¯— Kivi Rb¨ †gevnvjvi w`‡K AMÖmi nqwb| (Dgi DwÏb mgjvex Kvw`qvbxi cÖeÜ hv Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv cqMv‡g myjvn G cÖPvwiZ Ges 19‡k RyjvB 1934 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ|) ^qs GB Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv hLb BD‡ivc åg‡Y †Mj ZLb

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Avj−vn mZ¨ e‡j‡Qb: ÔZv‡`i‡K Avwg weivU kvw¯—i c~‡e© wbKUeZ©x kvw —i ^v` †fvM Kive, hv‡Z Zviv wd‡i Av‡m|Õ1 Zvi g„Zz i ci Zvi †Q‡j Ljxdv wbhy³ nj|.... LvRv KvgvjyÏxb: gynv¤§` Avjxi Ab¨Zg cÖavb mvnvh¨Kvix wQj LvRv KvgvjyÏxb| †m †Mvjv‡gi g„Zz i ci †NvlYv w`j, †Mvjvg Avng` hv KiZ †m ZvB Ki‡e| Kv‡RB †mI †Mvjv‡gi b¨vq ms‡kvabKvix I gyRv‡Ï`| (Avj dRj 10 A‡±vei, 1915 L„:|) Zvici †m Kvw`qvbx‡`i KvQ †_‡K BD‡iv‡c Kvw`qvbx ag© cÖPv‡ii bv‡g GKUv weivU cwigv‡Yi UvKv MÖnY Kij Ges Bsj¨vÛ P‡j †Mj Ges AwKs G emevm Ki‡Z jvMj| †mLv‡b †m GKwU weivU evox µq K‡i Ges †Kvb cÖKvi KvR Kg© e¨ZxZ Avgxi Dgviv‡`i b¨vq Rxeb hvcb ïi“ K‡i|2 hLbB †m KvD‡K BD‡iv‡c Bmjvg MÖnY K‡i‡Q e‡j ïbZ, mv‡_ mv‡_ †m GUv‡K wb‡Ri K…wZZ¡ e‡j `vwe KiZ| †hgb, †m jW© †nWjx, gynv¤§` wcKZj, m¨vi AviwRb¨vì wn‡gjUb, Wvt m¨vÛ †iK Ges m¨vi ózqvW© †iw¼b Gi †ejvq K‡iwQj| Z‡e G‡`i mK‡jB hLb G Acev‡`i K_v Rvb‡Z †c‡i‡Qb, mv‡_ mv‡_ Gi cÖwZev` K‡i‡Qb Ges †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb †h, †Mvjvg Avng‡`i ag© Ges Zvi m½x mv_x‡`i a‡g©i mv‡_ Zv‡`i †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| (gvngy` Avng‡`i †giAvZzm wm`KÕ 158 c„:

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Ges Zvi nvKwKZzj Bmjvg g¨vMvwRb, Rvbyqvwi 1934 mvj I gw`bv cwÎKv 21 †m‡Þ¤i 1934 mvj|) ag© cÖPv‡ii bv‡g †h wecyj m¤ú` †m MÖnY K‡iwQj Zv †m nRg K‡i wbj Ges Zvi wb‡Ri cÖwZ AvnŸvb Kiv Qvov Avi wKQyB K‡iwb| ^qs Kvw`qvbx g¨vMvwRb cÖPvi Ki‡Q- ÔLvRv KvgvjyÏxb j¶ j¶ UvKv †Kvb KvR bv K‡iB Ges †Kvb wnmve bv w`‡qB meUzKz f¶Y K‡i †d‡j‡Q| hLb Zvi Kv‡Q wnmve PvIqv nj, ZLb Dˇi ejj-ÔRwgq‡Z Bmjvwgqv jv‡nv‡ii wbKU Gi wnmve Av‡Q| RwgqZ Zvi wbw ©ó mg‡q †NvlYv w`j †h, Zv‡`i wbKU †Kvb wnmve †bB| †Kbbv, LvRv KvgvjyÏxb Avng‡`i wbKU †Kvb wnmve cvVvb wb| (Avj dRj 17 AvM÷, 1928 L„:|) G weivU A‡¼i UvKv †m †Kv_vq Kxfv‡e e¨vq Kij? GKRb fviZxq ch©UK whwb IqvwKs wM‡qwQ‡jb, wZwb G cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡q ej‡jb- wg: KvgvjyÏxb Zvi R‰bK eÜzi mwnZ †nv‡U‡j Lvevi Lvw”Qj| Zviv P‡j hvIqvi ci Avwg †nv‡U‡ji eq‡K wRÁvmv Kijvg- G `yB f`ª‡jvK wK †L‡jb? †m AZ¨š— mijfv‡e DËi w`j- DbœZ gv‡bi ïK‡ii gvsm|Õ (Avj-dRjÕ 21 AvM÷, 1924 L„:|) BwbB n‡jb fÊbex Kvw`qvbxi gnvb mvnvex I jv‡nvix Kvw`qvbx Rvgv‡Zi †bZv whwb weivU cwigvY m¤ú` wcQ‡b †i‡L gviv hvb| gynv¤§` Avnmvb Avgi“nxt- gynv¤§` Avnmvb Avgi“nx hvi m¤ú‡K© Avgiv c~‡e© D‡j −L K‡iwQ †h, †Mvjvg Avng` Zvi wjwLZ cvÊywjwc ¸‡jv ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ Zvi Kv‡Q cvwV‡q w`Z Ges Zvi m¤ú‡K© wj‡L‡Q †h, Rbve D —v` gynv¤§` Avnmvb Avgi“nx GKRb gnvb gh©v`vevb, wek¦vmx, gyËvKx Ges Avj −vni c‡_ wb‡Ri cÖvY I Aš—tKiY DrmM©Kvix|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi fvlY hv Zvejx‡M †imvjv‡Z mwbœ‡ewkZ, 2q LÊ, 103 c„:|) †Mvjvg cyÎ I Zvi Ljxdv G e¨w³ m¤ú‡K© wj‡L‡Q, Rbve cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn I Zvi Ljxdv

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†kL ˆmq` gynv¤§` Avnmvb Avgi“nx‡K AZ¨š— m¤§v‡bi †Pv‡L †`L‡Zb| Avgvi wcZv Zvi Bjg I dR‡ji Kvi‡Y Zvi mvg‡b Av`e i¶v K‡i Pj‡Zb| (gvngy Avng‡`i gvbQveyj †LjvdZÕ 53 c„:) ïay ZvB b‡n, Kvw`qvbx fÊbex wewfbœ gvmv‡q‡ji e¨vcv‡i ZviB kiYvcbœ n‡Zb| Kvw`qvbx gydwZ gynv¤§` mvw`‡Ki eY©bvi cÖwZ j¶ Ki“b- Ô†kL Avãyj Kixg BgvgwZ KiwQ‡jb Ges Rbve †Mvjvg Zvi †cQ‡b bvgvR Av`vq KiwQ‡jb| hLb †kL Avãyj Kixg cÖ_g Zvkvû` n‡Z `uvov‡jb ZLb Rbve †Mvjvg Zv eyS‡Z bv †c‡i Zvkvû‡`B i‡q †M‡jb| GgbwK †kL Avãyj Kixg i“Kzi Rb¨ ZvKexi ej‡jb| (nvq‡i fÊbex wg_¨vev`xi D`vmxbZv?) c‡i wZwb wK¡qvg QvovB i“Kz‡Z wM‡q wgwjZ n‡jb| hLb bvgvR †m‡i †dj‡jb ZLb D —v` byi“Ïxb I D¯—v` gynv¤§` Avnmvb Avgi“nx‡K †W‡K Zv‡`i Kv‡Q gvmAvjvi Ae ’v †ck K‡i Zvi kiqx ûKzg m¤ú‡K© dZIqv PvB‡jb| (†Kvb bex kiqx gvmv‡qj A‡b¨i wbKU wRÁvmv Kivi gyLv‡c¶x, bv wZwbB †jvKR‡bi wbKU gvmv‡qj eY©bv Ki‡eb? †n Avj−vni ev›`vMY GKUz †f‡e †`Lyb) G ivKvZ‡K wK MYbv Ki‡e, bv MYbv Ki‡e bv? ZLb D —v` gynv¤§` Avnmvb Avgi“nx G e¨vcv‡i K‡qKwU mgvavb eY©bv Ki‡jb|Õ (gynv¤§` mv‡`‡Ki fvlY hv Avj-dR‡j mwbœ‡ewkZ,17B Rvbyqvwi 1925 L„:|) GB gnvb D¯—v`, gyËvKx, wek¦vmx I Kvw`qvbx‡`i weivU †bZv cwi‡k‡l wK n‡jb? Zvi m¤ú‡K© Avj-dRj cwÎKv wj‡L‡Q- cqMv‡g myjvn cwÎKv GB yf©vMv, K‡Vvi cÖvY I Rvjy‡Zi GKwU cÖeÜ cÖPvi K‡i‡Q, †h

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Z_v Zvi D¯—v`| Zvi m¤ú‡K© Avj-dRj G K_v ej‡Q Ges †Mvjvg cyÎ I ZLbKvi Ljxdv gvngy` Avng‡`i ZË¡veav‡b Zv cÖPvi Ki‡Q| †mI GKB K_v †Mvjvg cyÎ Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ljxdv gvngy Avng` m¤ú‡K©I e‡j‡Q | Avgiv ewj †h, Zviv DfqB wVK e‡j‡Q| gynv¤§` mv‡`K- Kvw`qvbx‡`i gydwZ: gynv¤§` mv‡`K †mI Avj−vni KwVb kvw¯—‡Z cwZZ n‡q‡Q| Avj-dRj cwÎKv cÖPvi K‡i‡Q †h, m¤§vwbZ Rbve gydwZ gynv¤§` mv‡`K R¡i, KwVb Kvwk I g~Î e×Zvq Avµvš— n‡q AZ¨š— Kó †fvM Ki‡Qb| Zvi my ’Zvi Rb¨ †`vqv Kiv eÜz evÜe‡`i KZ©e¨| (Avj-dRj AvM÷ 1940 L„:|) Avð‡h©i welq, G mg — †ivM Zvi cÖvYbvk Ki‡Q| wKš‘ Zv m‡Ë¡I GgZve¯’vq †m Aí eq¯‹v GK hyeZx‡K weevn K‡i‡Q| j¶Yxq †h, G mgq Zvi eqm wQj mËz‡ii E‡aŸ©| jv‡nvix Kvw`qvbx cwÎKv cÖPvi K‡i‡Q ÔgydwZ gynv¤§` mv‡`‡Ki weevn msev` Avgv‡`i Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| A_P Zvi eqm mËzi eQi AwZµg K‡i‡Q| wZwb Aí eq¯‹v GKRb hyeZx weevn K‡i‡Qb| GUv Rvbv K_v †h, D³ gydwZ KivPx‡Z wPwKrmvi Rb¨ Ae ’vb Ki‡Qb| wKš‘ weev‡ni Aw ’iZv Zv‡K †ivMgy³ n‡q Kvw`qv‡b hvIqvi AeKvk †`qwb| GRb¨ DwK‡ji gva¨‡g wZwb weevn m¤úbœ K‡i‡Qb| (A_©vr ¿x Kvw`qv‡b Ges wZwb KivPx‡Z|) Ggwbfv‡e Kvw`qvbx gyev‡j −M †kL Avãyi inx‡gi weev‡ni msev`I †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| Zvi eqmI mËzi eQi AwZµg K‡iwQj| Zvi Kvwnwb nj †m GKwU hyeZx †g‡q‡K covZ Ges AvKw¯§Kfv‡e †m †NvlYv w`j †h †m †g‡qwU‡K weevn K‡i †d‡j‡Q| (cqMv‡g myjvn, 28 A‡±vei, 1940 L„:|) AZtci Zvi †ivMvµvš— Ae ’vq 9 Rvbyqvwi 1946 mv‡j Avj-dRj cwÎKvq †NvlYv †`Iqv nj Rbve gydwZ LyeB Amy¯’| Zvi g~Îbvwj dz‡j †M‡Q Ges Dnv †_‡K i³ Si‡Q| wZwb

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AZ¨š— Kó cv‡”Qb| c~Y©-ivZ Awb ªvq †K‡U hvq, wZwb weiwZ nxb fv‡e G †ivM hš¿Yvq Aw¯’i _v‡Kb|Õ (Avj-dRj 9B Rvbyqvwi 1946 L„:|) Ae‡k‡l †m G Ae ’vqB g„Zz eiY K‡i| kvw — GiƒcB nq, Avi ciKv‡ji kvw —‡Zv Av‡iv fqven! hw` Zviv Dcjwä KiZ|1 Avãyj Kixg- †Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi bvgv‡Ri Bgvg: Avgiv Kvw`qvbx‡`i G mg¯— †bZv‡`i mvwi‡Z Av‡iv GKRb Kvw`qvbx †bZvi D‡j −L Kiv mgxPxb g‡b Kwi, †h †Mvjvg Avng‡`i RxeÏkvqB gviv hvq| Zvi bvg nj Avãyj Kixg| †m †Mvjvg Avng‡`i Nwbô mv_x I LwZe wQj| Zvi m¤ú‡K© †Mvjvg e‡j‡Q, Kvw`qvbx‡`i g‡a¨ Ggb †Kvb Z…Zxq e¨w³ Rb¥MÖnY K‡iwb †h †kL byi“Ïxb I †kL Avãyj Kix‡gi mgK¶ n‡Z cv‡i|Õ (†Mvjv‡gi evYx hv gvngy` Avng‡`i Wvqix‡Z mwbœ‡ewkZ Ges Avj-dR‡j cÖPvwiZ, 20 †deªyqvwi 1922 L„:|) Avgvi gIjv Avã~j Kixg wkqvj‡KvwU Avj −vn Zv‡K wbivc‡` ivLyb! wZwb Avgvi wjwLZ cy —K AvZ-Zvejx‡Mi Abyev‡` mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Qb| Ges wZwb Avgvi GKRb wbôvevb eÜzÕ| †m †Mvjvg Avng‡`i mv‡_ wgwjZ nevi c~‡e© GKRb bvw¯—K I †eØxb wQj| (ekxi Avng‡`i mxivZzj gvn`x 1g LÊ, 141 c„:|) †mB cÖ_g e¨w³ †h †Mvjvg Avng`‡K Avj−vni ivm~j I Avj−vni bex e‡j m‡¤^vab K‡iwQj| (Avj-dRj, 1jv RyjvB, 1933 L„:|) GgbwK †Kn †Kn e‡j _v‡Kb †h, †m-B †Mvjvg Avng`‡K beyq‡Zi `vweKi‡Z mvnm RywM‡qwQj| †Kbbv, me© vB †m Rygvi LyZevq Zv‡K †n bex! †n ivm~j! e‡j m‡¤^vab KiZ| Gi d‡j Avj−vn ZvAvjv Zv‡K G c„w_ex‡ZB Ggb kvw¯— w`‡q‡Qb, hv kÖeY Ki‡j gvbyl †ivgvwÂZ n‡q D‡V| †Mvjvg cyÎ ekxi Avng` Zvi †ivM m¤ú‡K© wjL‡Q Ô†kL Avãyj Kixg Kviev¼vj †iv‡M Avµvš— n‡q‡Q Ges Zvi kix‡i Ggb †Kvb 1 myiv Kjg 33

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RvqMv Aewkó wQj bv †hLv‡b Acv‡ikb Kiv nqwb| †m Zvi Amy‡Li mgq Ggb wPrKvi KiZ hv kÖeY KivI gvbyl mn¨ Ki‡Z cviZ bv| G Rb¨ Rbve cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn Zvi evm ’vb cwieZ©b K‡i w`‡jb| KviY, †hLv‡b cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn emevm Ki‡Zb H GKB evwo‡Z †kL Avãyj KixgI emevm KiZ| †kL Avãyj Kwig wPrKvi K‡i KvbœvKvwU KiZ, hv‡Z Rbve gvmxn Zvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z hvb| wKš‘ Rbve gvmxn Zvi ïkÖƒlvi Rb¨ KLbI hvb wb| wZwb ej‡Zb- Avwg †Zv Zvi Kv‡Q †h‡Z PvB, wKš‘ Avwg Zv‡K G Ae ’vq †`‡L mn¨ Ki‡Z cvie bv| †Kvb †Kvb mgq †kL Avãyj Kixg †iv‡Mi K‡VviZvi Kvi‡Y Ávb nvwi‡q †djZ Ges ejZ †h, Avgvi Kv‡Q †mvqvix wb‡q Avm, Avwg gvmx‡ni wbKU hve| †Kbbv, A‡bK w`b hver Avwg Zv‡K †`L‡Z cvBwb| wZwb aviYv Ki‡Zb †h, Rbve n‡Z `~‡i Kvw`qv‡bi evwn‡i †Kv_vI wZwb Ae ’vb Ki‡Qb| (†Mvjvg cyÎ ekxi Avng` wjwLZ mxiZzj gvn`x 1g LÊ, 271 c„:|) Gfv‡e cÖvq y gvm ch©š— G †iv‡M Avµvš— †_‡K †m gviv hvq| Bqvi gynv¤§` I Avãyj −vn wUgvcyix Ges Kvw`qvbx‡`i Z…Zxq RvgvZ: Bqvi gynv¤§`, Avãyj−vn wUgvcyix I Ab¨vb¨iv wfbœ ai‡bi †jvKwQj| hLb Zviv G K…wÎg beyq¨Z †`L‡Z †cj, hvi msMV‡b Zviv AskMÖnY K‡iwQj; ZLb Zviv e¨vcviwU mnR g‡b K‡i cÖ‡Z¨‡KB beyq‡Zi `vweK‡i Aci GKwU ^Zš¿ Kvw`qvbx `j MVb K‡i emj| cÖK…Z c‡¶ GivB mwZ¨Kvi †mB `j hviv †Mvjvg Avng‡`i wk¶v `x¶v‡K Kv‡h© cwiYZ K‡i‡Q Ges fÊbex Kvw`qvbxi cÖ —ve mg~n ev¯—evwqZ K‡i‡Q| cÖ_gZ: Bqvi gynv¤§` beyq‡Zi †NvlYv K‡i `vwe Kij †h, †m Rbve †Mvjvg Avng‡`i GKRb Abymvix bex| G bZzb fÊbex †Mvjvg cyÎ I Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ljxdv gvngy Avng‡`i wk¶K

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wQj| gvngy Avng` wj‡L‡Q, Bqvi gynv¤§` gv ªvmvq Avgvi wk¶K wQ‡jb Ges Rbve gvmxn †K AwZ fv‡jvevm‡Zb| †kl ch©š— Zvi aviYv nj †h, †m GKRb bex Ges Rbve gvmx‡ni (†Mvjv‡gi mgy`q Gjnvg‡K Zvi mwnZ m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| (†Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy` Avng‡`i cÖeÜ hv Avj-dR‡j cÖPvwiZ, 1g Rvbyqvwi 1935 L„:) Gici byi Avng` Kvw`qvbx G‡m †NvlYv w`j- jv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vû Avng` b~i ivm~jyj−vn| Avwg Avj−vni ivm~j| †h Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e †m †hb Avj−vni AvbyMZ¨ Kij Ges †h Avgvi Aeva¨ n‡e †m †hb Avj−vni Aeva¨ nj| Avwg wek¦evmxi cÖwZ Ki“Yv ^iƒc †cÖwiZ n‡qwQ| Avwg mKj bexi ewn:- cÖKvk | ( byi Avng` Kvw`qvbx wjwLZ wjKzwj− D¤§vwZb AvRjÕ 1I 2 c„:|) Avð‡h©i welq, hLbB †Kn beyq‡Zi `vwe KiZ, Kvw`qvbx Ljxdv Zvi m¤ú‡K© ejZ †h, †m cvMj I †ivMx| G cv_©‡K¨i KviY wK? GUv ^xK…Z K_v †h, hZw`b †Zvgiv beyq‡Zi `iRv Ly‡j ivL‡e ZZw`b ch©š— †Zvgiv Aci‡K evav w`‡Z cvi‡e bv| GLb †Zvgiv Zv‡`i‡K H K_vB ejQ, hv Aci †jv‡Kiv †Zvgv‡`i fÊbex wg_¨vev`x‡K e‡jwQj| myZivs †Kb †Zvgiv ILv‡b GUv‡K ^xK…wZ w`”Q Ges GLv‡b Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb KiQ? GB †Zv †Mvjvg cyÎ gvngy Avng` bZzb fÊbex byi Avng` Kvw`qvbx m¤ú‡K© wjL‡Q: (†Kn †Kn b~i Avng‡`i Kvh©Kjvc‡K Avgv‡`i mwnZ m¤ú„³ K‡i _v‡Kb|.... Z‡e cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Rvbv DwPZ †h, ˆmq` b~i Avng` beyq‡Zi `vwe Ki‡Q| †m GKRb Amy¯’ I AcviM e¨w³| Kv‡RB Zvi mwnZ Avgv‡`i †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| Avj-dRj, 11b‡f¤^i 1934 L„:|) Avãyj−vn wUgvcyix whwb †Mvjvg Avng‡`i GKRb wewkó mvnvex †m GB g‡g© †NvlYv w`j †h, †m †Mvjvg Avng‡`i mymsev` I fwel¨ØvYx mg~n Abymv‡i GKRb bex †m e‡j‡Q: AvwgB njvg H e¨w³ hvi m¤^‡Ü Rbve AvK`vm cÖwZkÖ“Z gvmxn mymsev` w`‡q‡Qb †h †m †cÖwiZ n‡e| AZGe †Mvjvg Avng‡`i d‡qR

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I eiK‡Z Avwg †cÖwiZ n‡qwQ| AwP‡iB, Avgvi nv‡Z ywbqv evmxi m¤§y‡L Rbve †Mvjv‡gi mZ¨Zv cÖKvk cv‡e| (Avãyj−vn wUgvcyixi Zvdmwi mveAvg wgbvj gvmvbxÕ c„: Avwjd|) †m wj‡L‡Q- Avj −vn ZÕAvjv AvKvk †_‡K Avgvi Dci GKUv mnxdv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Ges gvLjy‡Ki wbKU Zuvi `vIqvZ †cuŠ‡Q w`‡Z Avgv‡K wb‡ ©k w`‡q‡Qb| evBk ermi Kvj AwZevwnZ n‡q‡Q, Avwg Avgvi KZ©e¨ m¤úv`b K‡i AvmwQ|Õ (fÊbex Avãyj −vn wUgvcyixi D¤§yj Bidvb 9c„t|) Aci GKRb Kvw`qvbx beyq‡Zi wmsnvm‡b Av‡ivnY K‡i ejj: Ò†Mvjvg Avng‡`i fwel¨r evYx Abymv‡i Avwg Kw`qvbx‡`i Rb¨ †mB wbw ©ó I cÖwZkÖ“Z e¨w³|Ó (fÊbex gynv¤§` wmwÏK Kvw`qvbxi Lvw`gy LvZvwgb bvweqxbÕ 18 c„:| †m wj‡L‡Q: Avgvi wbôv I mZ¨ wbq‡Zi cÖwZ ZvwK‡q †`Lyb! Avwg wb‡R Kvw`qv‡b wM‡q Ljxdv gvngy Avng‡`i nv‡Z evqAvZ K‡iwQ Ges Gi Dci AUj i‡qwQ| Zvici Avgvi Kv‡Q cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q †h, Avwg Kvw`qvbx‡`i Rb¨ A‡cw¶Z I cÖwZkÖ“Z e¨w³ Ges Avj −vn ZvAvjv Avgvi Rb¨ A‡bK wb`k©b cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb| wewfbœ cÖgvYvw`I AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Ges c~Y© ¶gZvi KvgvwjqZ‡K Avgvi m½x K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|Õ (fÊbex gynv¤§` wmwÏK Kvw`qvbxi Lvw`g LvZvwgb bvweqxbÕ 25c„t|) Abyiƒc fv‡e, AviI K‡qK e¨w³ Zv‡`i beyq‡Zi †NvlYv w`‡q‡Q| †hgb, †Mvjvg gynv¤§` Kvw`qvbx, †PivM DwÏb Rgex Kvw`qvbx I gynv¤§` mv‡`K Kvw`qvbx cÖgyL| Zviv Kvw`qvbx a‡g© Avi GKwU RvgvZ MVb K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i wek¦vm, †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx Avj−vni bex I ivm~j| †h e¨w³ †Mvjvg Avng‡`i beyI‡Z wek¦vm Ki‡e bv †m gyw³ cv‡e bv| Ggwbfv‡e Zv‡`i beyq¨Z I †imvj‡Z wek¦vm Ki‡e bv †mI gyw³ cv‡e bv| Zv‡`i I fÊbex Kvw`qvbx‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ nj GB †h, †m †Kvb gva¨g QvovB beyq¨Z jvf K‡i‡Q Ges Zviv Zvi gva¨‡g beyq¨Z jvf K‡i‡Q| †m Zv‡`i D —v` ¯iƒc Ges

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Zviv nj Zvi QvÎ| mZ¨ K_v nj GB †h, GivB †Mvjvg Avng‡`i cÖK…Z DËivwaKvix| wKš‘ mvgªvR¨ev` Zv‡`i †K mvnvh¨ I c„ô‡cvlKZv K‡iwb| (hv‡Z K‡i †jv‡Kiv GK_v eyS‡Z bv cv‡i †h, beyq¨Z GKUv †Ljbvq cwiYZ n‡q †M‡Q|) †hgb, Zv‡`i †bZvi mvnvh¨ I mn‡hvwMZv K‡iwQj| d‡j Zviv kw³ mÂq Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| hw`I Zviv †Mvjvg Avngv‡`i b¨vq Zv‡`i Av‡k cv‡k KZK¸‡jv †evKv I wb‡e©va e¨w³‡K R‡ov Ki‡Z mvg_© n‡qwQj| GivB nj Kvw`qvbx‡`i †bZv I wewkó e¨w³ eM©| Avi GUvB nj Zv‡`i PwiÎ| Avi G ¸‡jv nj Kvw`qvbx‡`i `j I Dc`j, hviv wb‡R c_åó n‡q‡Q Ges Ab¨‡`i‡K mwVK c_ †_‡K weåvš— Ki‡Q| `kg cÖeÜ LZ‡g beyq¨Z Ges Kvw`qvbx KZ©…K KziAvb I nv`x‡mi weK…wZ: D¤§‡Z Bmjvwgqv mw¤§wjZ fv‡e GB e¨vcv‡i GKgZ †h, Avj−vni ivm~j gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg me©‡kl bex| Zuvi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex †bB| Zuvi ci †h †Kn beyq‡Zi `vwe Ki‡e, nq †m wg_¨vev`x `v¾vj, bv nq weK…Z gw¯—®‹ cvMj| G wel‡q gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi c~e©eZ©x I cieZ©x D¤§‡Zi †Kvb yÕe¨w³i g‡a¨ gZ‡f` †bB| wKš‘ Kv‡di mvgªvR¨ev`x I D¤§‡Z gynv¤§`xqvi wei“×ev`x wLª÷vb‡`i c¶ †_‡K Ggb K‡ZK `j m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q, hviv evn¨Z: Bmjv‡gi bvg aviY Ki‡jI, cÖK…Z c‡¶ Zviv A‡b¨i nv‡Zi A ¿ ^iƒc| Giv Zv‡`i Ag~jK aviYv Øviv Avj−vni Lv‡jQ Øx‡bi kΓ‡`i KvQ †_‡K mvnvh¨ MÖnY K‡i `vweK‡i †h, ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †kl bex b‡nb GB A‡_© †h, Zuvi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex †bB, eis Zuvi c‡i wK¡qvgZ ch©š— GKvwaK bexi AvMgb m¤¢e| †hgb ev —‡e Zuvi c‡i †Kvb †Kvb fÊ bexi AvMgb N‡U‡Q| Zviv KziAvb I nv`x‡mi evK¨‡K

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Zvi g~j A_© †_‡K mwi‡q ’vbPz Z K‡i Ges KziAvb I nv`x‡mi weK…Z, †gKx I N„Y¨ e¨vL¨v cÖ vb K‡i| G me `‡ji g‡a¨ cÖwm× nj Kvw`qvbx m¤úÖ`vq hviv †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbxi D¤§Z Ges evnvqx RvgvZ, hviv ûmvBb Avjxi Abymvix, hvi Dcvwa nj evnvDj−vn| G `yÕwU N„Y¨ `jB Bmjv‡gi `vwe`vi nIqvi Kvi‡Y Ag~jK Ac e¨vL¨vi AvkÖq MÖnY Kiv Qvov KziAv‡bi ¯úó cÖgvYvw` Øviv Avgv‡`i e³e¨ Zz‡j aie| Avgiv KziAvb I mybœvni ¯úó e³e¨ mg~n D‡j−L Kie Ges m‡›`n I AvcwË mg~n DÌvcb K‡i hyw³ msMZ Dcv‡q Dnvi DËi cÖ vb Kie| †Kvb welq msw¶ß ev `xN©vwqZ bv K‡i ga¨eZ©x cš’v Aej¤^b Kie, hv‡Z Dnv weiw³Ki I ΓwU c~Y© bv nq| GBfv‡e cvVKMY G‡`i weåvwš— m„wó, cÖZviYv, c_åó I wec_Mvgx Kivi †KŠkj m¤ú‡K© AeMZ n‡Z cvi‡e| GUv Rvbv K_v †h, evnvqxiv wek¦vm K‡i, ûmvBb Avjx Avj−vni bex I ivm~j| Avi, Kvw`qvbxiv e‡j: †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx bex I ivm~j| c¶vš—‡i, Avj−vn ZvAvjv e‡jb: gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †Zvgv‡`i cyi“l‡`i g‡a¨ Kv‡iv wcZv b‡nb, eis wZwb Avj −vni ivm~j I †kl bex| Avj −vn me© wel‡q ÁvZ|Õ 1 G AvqvZwU G wel‡q ¯úó Ges Gi A_©I cÖKvk¨| †Kvb cÖKvi e¨vL¨v we‡k−l‡Yi gyLv‡c¶x b‡n| hvi Aviex fvlv m¤ú‡K© wKQyUv Ávb Av‡Q †mI G AvqvZ †_‡K eyS‡Z cvi‡e †h, gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex †bB| cÖ_gZ: LvZvg k‡ãi A_© †kl b‡n, eis Zvi A_© nj †kÖô| myZivs Avqv‡Zi A_© GB `uvovq, gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †Zvgv‡`i cyi“l‡`i g‡a¨ Kv‡iv wcZv bb, eis wZwb Avj−vni ivm~j Ges LvZvgyb bvweq¨xb A_©vr †kÖô bex|Õ Gi A_© GB b‡n †h, Zvi Øviv beyq‡Zi aviv mgvß n‡q †M‡Q|

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wØZxqZ:- LvZvg k‡ãi A_© †gvni| A_©vr wZwb †jvKR‡bi Dci kxj †gvni K‡ib Ges Zuvi †gvni ØvivB †Kn bex‡Z cwiYZ nq| Z…ZxqZt- Avb-bvweq¨xb Øviv kixqZ m¤úbœ bexMY‡K eySvb n‡q‡Q| A_©vr gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg H bexM‡Yi †kl hviv ^qs m¤ú~Y© kixqZ wb‡q AvMgb K‡i‡Qb| Ggb A‡bK bex c~‡e© G‡m‡Qb hviv c~e©eZ©x bexi kixq‡Zi Abymvix wQ‡jb| †hgb, nvi“b AvjvBwnm mvjvg gymv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi AbyMvgx bex| GB nj D³ Avqv‡Zi weK…Z e¨vL¨v I Aš—t-mvik~b¨ Ac-e¨vL¨v wg_¨vev`x fÊbexi beyIZ‡K cÖgvwYZ Kivi Rb¨ Zviv hvi AvkÖq wb‡q‡Q| †h fÊbex ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi †Kvb GK mvaviY Lv‡`‡gi ¯—‡i †cuŠQvi †hvM¨ b‡n, myZivs †Kv_vq †m Ges †Kv_vq kv‡b †imvjZ I beyq¨Z? G mg¯— e¨vL¨vi cÖwZ †Kvb iK‡gi g‡bv‡hvM I ¸i“Z¡ †`Iqvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| KviY, Dnv‡Z Ggb `ye©jZv I nxbZv i‡q‡Q hv Zv‡`i wb‡Ri fvl¨Øviv dz‡U D‡V| wKš‘ †h‡nZz Zviv G mg¯— e¨vL¨v Øviv wb‡e©va, mijgbv I Aviex fvlv Ávbnxb †jvKRb‡K cÖZvwiZ K‡i, ZvB G¸‡jvi DËi Avgv‡`i w`‡Z n‡e| cÖ_g- ÔLvZvgÕ k‡ãi me©‡kl A_© †Q‡o w`‡q Dnvi A_© †kÖôZ¡ MÖnY Kiv Aviex fvlvi Awfavb, ZvdmxiKviK‡`i gZvgZ, BRgv‡q D¤§Z I KziAvb nv`x‡mi ¯úó eY©bvi cwicš’x| gvR`yÏxb wd‡ivRvev`x Zvi Avj-Kvgymyj gynxZ bvgK Awfav‡b e‡jb: cÖ‡Z¨K wel‡qi wcQ‡bi Ges †k‡li Ask‡K Lv‡Zgv ejv nq Ges †jv‡Ki g‡a¨ †kl e¨w³‡KI LvZvg e‡j|Õ (Avj Kvgymyj gynxZ, 4_ LÊ, 102 c„: 4_ ms¯‹iY|) Bebyj dvwim e‡jb: LvZvg A_© e¯‘i †kl ch©š— †cuŠQv Ges bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg LvZvgyj Avw¤^qv,

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†h‡nZz wZwb Zv‡`i †k‡l Avm‡Qb|Õ (gyÕRvgyj gvKvCQyj jyMvZ, 2q LÊ, 245 c„: 1g ms¯‹iY|) Bgvg RyevB`x e‡jb: ivm~jyj −vn Ab¨Zg bvg nj LvwZg Ges LvZvg|, Avi A_© nj H e¨w³ hvi AvMg‡b beyq¨Z mgvß n‡q‡Q| (ZvRyj Avi“Q, 8g LÊ, 267 c„: 1g ms¯‹iY|) RInix Zvi Avm& wmnvnÕ bvgK Awfav‡b e‡jb: †Kvb e ‘i Lv‡Zgv Zvi †kl‡K eySvq| Avi, gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg bexM‡Yi me©‡kl| (RInix iwPZ Avm& wmnvn|) cÖwm× fvlvwe` Aveyj ev°v e‡j‡Qb: Avgv‡`i bexi LvZvgyj Avw¤^qv bgKi‡Yi KviY nj GB †h, LvZvg nj m¤úÖ`v‡qi †kl e¨w³| Avj−vn ZvAvjv e‡j‡Qb- gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †Zvgv‡`i †Kvb cyi“‡li wcZv wQ‡jb bv, eis wZwb Avj−vni ivm~j I †kl bex|Õ (Kzwj −qv‡Z Aveyj ev°v|Õ Bgvg ivMxe Bmdvnvbx e‡j‡Qb: LvZvgyb bvweq¨xb beyIZ‡K †kl K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| A_©vr Zuvi AvMgb Øviv Zv m¤ú~Y© K‡i‡Qb|Õ (Avj gydiv`vZ wjj-BmcvnvbxÕ 142 c„: wgkixq ms¯‹iY|) mv‡neyj gvRgv e‡jb: LvwZg Ges LvZvg ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg Gi Ab¨Zg bvg| ÔZvÕ eY©wU heihy³ n‡j kãwU Bmg ev we‡kl¨ n‡e A_©vr Zv‡`i me©‡kl e¨w³| Avi ÔZvÕ eY©wU †hihy³ n‡j kãwU Bm‡g dv‡qj n‡e A_©vr †klKvix e¨w³|Õ (gvRgvDj wenviÕ330 c„:|) cwi‡k‡l, fvlvwe` Beb gvbRyi Avwd«Kx wgkix LvZvg k‡ãi Aš—M©Z hv wKQy we¯—vwiZ fv‡e D‡j −L K‡i‡Qb, Avgiv Zvi Av‡jvPbv Kie| wZwb e‡jb: cÖ‡Z¨K wRwb‡mi LvZvg I Lv‡Zg Dnvi cwiYvg I †kl| BLZvZvgZz kvBAvÕ (Avwg welqwU †kl K‡iwQ) | GUv BdZvZvnZz kvBAvÕ (Avwg welqwU m~Pbv K‡iwQ) Gi wecixZ| m~ivi Lv‡Zgv Zvi †kl Ask| LvwZgyj KIg, wLZvgyj KIg Ges LvZvgyj KIg nj KI‡gi †kl e¨w³| ÔwjnBqvbxÕ n‡Z ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg LvZvgyj Avw¤^qv| AvZ-ZvnRxe †_‡K

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DׄZ: LvwZg Ges LvZvg bex Kixg mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi bvg mg~‡ni Aš—f©y³| cweÎ KziAv‡b Av‡Q: gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †Zvgv‡`i †Kvb cyi“‡li wcZv wQ‡jb bv, eis wZwb Avj −vni ivm~j I LvZvgyb bvweq¨xb A_©vr bex‡`i me©‡kl| (wjmvbyj AvieÕ 12k LÊ, 164 c„: ˆei“Z ms¯‹iY|) G mg¯— K_v Aviex fvlvwe`I cwÊZMY e‡j‡Qb| Zv‡`i Aviex MÖš’I Awfavb mg~n n‡Z Avgiv Zv DׄZ K‡iwQ| Zv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡KB ¯úófv‡e e‡j‡Qb †h, LvZvg A_© †kl| Avwg eyS‡Z cvwi bv †h, hviv Aviex fvlvq wKQyB Rv‡b bv Zviv †Kgb K‡i `vweK‡i †h, Avj −vni evYx:

ما كان حممد أبا أحد من رجالكم ولكن رسول اهللا وخاتم النبيني

Gi g‡a¨ LvZvg k‡ãi A_© †kl b‡n, eis †kÖô| Zvdmxi kv‡ ¿i BgvgMYI wVK GB †kl A‡_©B Gi e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb|

Bgvg Beb Rvixi Zvevix GB Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq e‡jb, خاتم ,A_©vr bex‡`i me©‡kl| (Zvdmx‡i Be‡b Rvixi, 22LÛالنبيني

12c„t 1g ms¯‹iY, wgki|) Lv‡Rb e‡jb: LvZvgyb bweq¨x‡bi A_© Zuvi Øviv Avj−vn ZvAvjv beyIZ‡K †kl K‡i‡Qb| myZivs Zuvi ci Avi †Kvb beyq¨Z †bB|

وكان اهللا بكل يشء عليام Gi A_©- G K_vI Avj−vni Bj‡gi Aš—f©y³ †h, Zuvi ci Avi bex †bB| (Lv‡R‡bi jyeveyZ ZvexjÕ 3q LÊ, 471 c„: 1g ms¯‹iY, wgki) bvmvdx e‡j‡Qb: LvZvgyb bvweq¨xb (ÔZvÕ e‡Y©i hei‡hv‡M) Gi A_© nj wZwb n‡jb bex‡`i me©‡kl Ges ÔZvÕ e‡Y©i †hi †hv‡M Gi A_© nj wZwb n‡jb bex‡`i mgvßKvix|Õ (Zvdmx‡i gv`vixKzZ ZvbRxjÕ 3q LÊ, 471 c„: 1g ms¯‹iY) Bgvg KziZzex e‡jb: GKgvÎ K¡vix Av‡mgB ÔZvÕ e‡Y©i hei‡hv‡M cvV K‡i‡Qb| A_© nj bexMY‡K Zuvi ØvivB †kl

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Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi AwaKvsk Av‡jgMY ÔZvÕ e‡Y©i †hi‡hv‡M cvV K‡i‡Qb| A_© nj- wZwb Zv‡`i mgvß K‡i‡Qb| †Kn †Kn e‡j‡Qb- LvZvg I LvwZg y‡Uv e¨envwiK iƒc| A_© GK| (Zvdmx‡i KziZzex, 14k LÊ, 196 c„: 1g ms¯‹iY, wgki|) Bgvg dLi“Ïxb ivRx e‡jb: LvZvgyb bvweq¨xb G Rb¨ †h, †h bexi c‡i Ab¨ †Kvb bex Avm‡eb hw` †m bex †Kvb Dc‡`k ev eY©bv cwiZ¨vM K‡i hvb, Z‡e cieZ©x bex Zv cwic~Y© Ki‡eb| wKš‘ †h bexi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB, wZwb Zuvi D¤§‡Zi Rb¨ Amxg †ønkxj, †n`vqvZ `vZv I DcKvix n‡q _v‡Kb| (ivRxi Zvdmx‡i KweiÕ|) Bgvg Be‡b KvQxi

ولكن رسول اهللا وخاتم النبيني eis wZwb Avj −vni ivm~j I LvZvgyb bvweq¨xb A_©vr bex‡`i me©‡kl, G AvqvZ m¤ú‡K© wj‡L‡Qb| Zvi g~j fvl¨ nj GB: G Avqv‡Zi g‡a¨ ¯úó eY©bv i‡q‡Q †h, Zuvi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB| hLb Zuvi ci †Kvb bex †bB, ZLb †Kvb ivm~j bv _vKvB Awbevh©| G m¤ú‡K© ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg †_‡K gyZvIqvwZi eû nv`xm ewY©Z Av‡Q| (Zvdmx‡i Beb Kvmxi, 3q LÊ, 493 c„:, 3q ms¯‹iY wgki) Avj−vni ivm~j whwb Inx e¨ZxZ K_v e‡jb bv, G e¨vcv‡i ¯úó eY©bv K‡i e‡j‡Qb- cÖ_g nv`xm- AvwgB me©‡kl bex Ges Avgvi gmwR` me©‡kl gmwR`|1 wØZxq nv`xm- Aci GK †iIqv‡q‡Z ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Dc‡iv³ nv`x‡mi we¯—vwiZ eY©bv w`‡q e‡j‡Qb: Avwg †kl bex Ges Avgvi gmwR` bexM‡Yi me©‡kl gmwR`|2 1 mnxn gymwjg| 2 `vqjvgx Ges ev¾vi ÔKvbRyj D¤§v‡ji DׄwZ w`‡q GUv eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|

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Z…Zxq nv`xm- ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb: Avwg me©‡kl bex Ges †Zvgiv me©‡kl D¤§Z| 1 PZz_© nv`xm- ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Aci GK nv`x‡m e‡j‡Qb, †h nv`xmwU eyLvix I gymwjg Zv‡`i mnxn MÖš’ ؇q DׄZ K‡i‡Qb: Avgvi I Ab¨vb¨ bexM‡Yi „óvš— nj- †hgb AwZkq g‡bvig GKwU cÖmv`, hv‡Z GKwU B‡Ui ’vb †Q‡o †`qv n‡q‡Q| `k©Ke„›` cÖ w¶Y K‡i Zvi g‡bvig „k¨ †`‡L Avðh©vwš^Z nq, wKš‘ GKwU B‡Ui ¯’vb ïb¨ j¶¨ K‡i! myZivs AvwgB H B‡Ui ïb¨ ’vbwU c~Y© K‡iwQ| cÖmv`wU Avgvi Øviv mgvß n‡q‡Q Ges ivm~jM‡Yi AvMgbI Avgvi Øviv †kl n‡q‡Q|2 G mKj nv`x‡m ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg ¯úófv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, wZwbB me©‡kl bex Ges Zuvi D¤§Z me©‡kl D¤§Z| ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg cÖmv‡`i nv`x‡m ÔLZgÕ k‡ãi Ggb e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb, hv‡Z †Kvb `v¾v‡ji Rb¨ Zuvi ci beyq‡Zi `vwe Kivi AeKvk iv‡Lb wb| †Kbbv, beyq‡Zi cÖmv` c~Y©Zv jvf K‡i‡Q Ges Dnvi Lvwj RvqMvUzKzI eÜ K‡i †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| G nv`xmwU A‡bK nv`xm‡eËv wewfbœ cš’vq eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| Bgvg Avng` iv. †_‡K Ges wZwb ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K eY©bv K‡i e‡j‡Qb †h, bexM‡Yi g‡a¨ Avgvi „óvš— nj, GK e¨w³ GKwU my›`i I cwic~Y© Ni ˆZwi Kij, wKš‘ Dnv‡Z GKwU B‡Ui ’vb Lvwj †i‡L w`j, †mLv‡b †Kvb BU ’vcb K‡iwb| †jvKRb GUv cÖ w¶Y K‡i Avðh©vwšZ n‡q e‡j- nvq‡i, hw` G B‡Ui ’vbUzKz cwic~Y© n‡q †hZ! myZivs AvwgB bexM‡Yi g‡a¨ H B‡Ui ’vbmg|3 Aci GK †iIqv‡q‡Z Av‡Q, Avwg G‡m H BUwU c~Y© K‡i w`‡qwQ| Beb gvhvn I nvwKg| 4 eyLvix I gymwjg| 1Beb Kvmx‡ii DׄwZ w`‡q Avng` Zuvi gmb‡` G nv`xmwU eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|

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G mKj nv`xm GUvB cÖgvY K‡i †h, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg LvZvgyb bvweq¨xb A_©vr me©‡kl bex | Avi, Kvw`qvbxi hv e‡j‡Q †h, LvZvg A_© †kÖô, †kl b‡n, Zv m¤ú~Y© åvš—, weK…Z, Aš—tmvik~b¨ I ye©j, hvi †Kvb wfwË I cÖgvY †bB| GB‡Zv fvlvwe`MY I Zvdmx‡ii BgvgMY ¯úó fv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, LvZvg A_© †kÖô b‡n, eis †kl| gymjgvb‡`i Bgvg I †gvwgb‡`i bex whwb Inxi mvnv‡h¨ K_v e‡jb, ^qs wZwb ¯úóK‡i e‡j‡Qb †h, wZwb me©‡kl bex, Zuvi Øviv beyq¨Z‡K mgvß Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zuvi ØvivB †imvjZ eÜ n‡q †M‡Q| ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg hv e‡j‡Qb Zvi wecixZ wKQy ejvi mva¨ Kv‡iv †bB| fÊbex †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx ^qs G bxwZ Zvi Dw³‡Z ¯xKvi K‡i‡Q. Bjnvg cÖvß e¨w³i (A_©vr ivm~‡ji) eY©bvi ci Avi †Kvb e¨vL¨v ev Zvdmxi MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| (†Mvjv‡gi †NvlYv hv Zvejx‡M †imvj‡ZÕ mwbœ‡ewkZ, 1g LÊ, 121 c„:|) G Rb¨B †Mvjvg Avng` Zvi ¯úó e³e¨ Øviv me©‡kl bex Ges Zuvi gva¨‡g ivm~j AvMg‡bi aviv eÜ n‡q †M‡Q| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi Avj-B‡¯—dZvÕ) Kvw`qvbxiv hLb G mKj Mfxi I ¯úó nvKxKZ Dcjwä K‡i ZLb Zviv Zv‡`i evwZj e¨vL¨v mg~n‡K kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ Ggb KZK¸‡jv wel‡qi †P‡q Kg b‡n| ZvB, KLbI Zviv wfwËnxb gIhy (gbMov) †iIqv‡qZ Øviv, hvi †Kvb Avmj †bB, `jxj MÖnY K‡i| Avi Zv nj, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Avjx‡K ej‡jb: Avwg me©‡kl bex, Avi Zzwg †n Avjx! me©‡kl Ijx|Õ (bRxi Avng` Kvw`qvbxi Avj KIjym mixnÕ 173 c„:|) Zviv e‡j †h, Gi A_© nj- Avjx iv. me©‡kÖô Ijx, GB A_© bq †h, Avjxi iv. c‡i Avi †Kvb Ijx Avm‡eb bv| Avgiv ewj, G †iIqv‡q‡Zi †Kvb Avmj ev wfwË †bB| Dciš‘ Avgiv mnxn nv`xm mg~n Øviv cÖgvY K‡i w`‡qwQ †h, LvZvg A_© †kÖô b‡n, eis †kl| Avgiv Dnv Awfavb I Zvdmx‡ii wKZve mg~n Øviv cÖgvY K‡iwQ| Abyiƒcfv‡e †Kvb

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†Kvb Kvw`qvbx GKwU (wew”Qbœ) †iIqv‡qZ Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kivi †Póv K‡i‡Q| Dnv‡Z Av‡Q, ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Avevevm‡K iv. e‡j‡Qb: Avbw›`Z nI †n PvPv! wbðqB Zzwg n‡j LvZvgyj gynv‡Rixb ev me©‡kl gynv‡Ri| (Avãyi ingvb Kvw`qvbxi Avngw`qv c‡KU eyK|) ZvB Zviv e‡j: GLv‡b LvZvg A_© †kÖô| KviY, Gi A_© GB bq †h, AveŸvm web Avãyj gyËvwj‡ei wnhi‡Zi ci Avi †Kvb wnhiZ †bB| Avgiv ewj: G †iIqv‡qZ Øviv `jxj MÖnY KivI iƒMœ eyw×, Aš—‡ii eµZvi cwiPq enb K‡i Ges Zv Øxb Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ cwieZ©b mva‡bi KzgZje I wek¦ — mZ¨ev`x gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K gymjgvbMY‡K y‡i ivLvi GKUv †KŠkj gvÎ| †Kbbv, Avgiv c~‡e©B D‡j −L K‡iwQ †h, G †iIqv‡qZ Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv wVK b‡n| cÖ_gZ: G †iIqv‡qZwU wew”Qbœ| Dnvi mb` ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg ch©š— avivevwnK †cuŠQvqwb| wØZxqZ: Avgiv ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K G K_v cÖgvY K‡i w`‡qwQ †h, beyq‡Zi Øvi eÜ K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q Ges †imvjZ †kl n‡q †M‡Q| Z…ZxqZt Avgiv fÊbex Kvw`qvbxi fvl¨ D‡j−L K‡iwQ: ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi eY©bvi ci †Kvb Zvdmxi I e¨vL¨v MÖnY‡hvM¨ b‡n| PZz_©Z: hw` Avgiv G †iIqvZ‡K mnxn †g‡b †bB ZeyI Gi Øviv `jxj cÖwZwôZ nq bv| KviY, g°v weR‡qi c~‡e© †h mKj gymjgvb g°vq Ae ’vb KiwQ‡jb, Zv‡`i Rb¨ gw`bvq wnRiZ Kiv Acwinvh© wQj| Avi AveŸvm iv. g°v weR‡qi wKQy c~‡e© Bmjvg MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb Ges gw`bvq wnhiZ K‡iwQ‡jb| nvwdR Beb nvRvi Zuvi Avj-BQvevZ MÖ‡š’ D‡j −L K‡i‡Qb: AveŸvm iv: g°v weR‡qi wKQy c~‡e© wnhiZ K‡i‡Qb Ges g°v

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weR‡qi hy‡× AskMÖnY K‡i‡Qb| 1 wZwb hLb gw`bvq †cuŠ‡QwQ‡jb, ZLb Zv‡K ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡jwQ‡jb: Ô†n PvPv, Zzwg Avbw›`Z nI! wbðqB Zzwg n‡j me©‡kl gynvwRi| KviY, g°v weR‡qi mgq AZ¨vmbœ wQj| gyRvwm Beb gvmD` mvjgx hLb Zvi fvB gyRvwj` Beb gvmD`‡K wb‡q wnRi‡Zi Dci evqAvZ MÖn‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi †L`g‡Z AvMgb K‡iwQ‡jb, ZLb wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb: g°v weR‡qi ci wnhiZ †bB, Z‡e Bmjv‡gi Dci evqAvZ Av‡Q|2 †gvUK_v, G †iIqv‡qZ Øviv GUv cÖgvwYZ nq bv †h, LvZvg A_© †kÖô, †kl b‡n| ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg wb‡RB cÂg nv`xm‡K we‡k−lY K‡i w`‡q‡Qb, hLb Avjx‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i e‡jwQ‡jb: Ôgymvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg Kv‡Q nviƒ‡Yi AvjvBwnm mvjvg †h gh©v`v wQj, wVK †Zgwb Avgvi Kv‡Q †Zvgvi gh©v`v i‡q‡Q| Z‡e cv_©K¨ nj GZUzKz †h, Avgvi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex †bB|3 D³ nv`xm G K_v ¯úó K‡i w`‡q‡Q †h, LvZvg A_© †kl| †Kbbv, ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Zuvi c‡i beyIZ‡K A ^xKvi K‡i‡Qb| †Kvb GK Kvw`qvbx R‰bK Kwei Dw³ Øviv `jxj MÖnY K‡i e‡j, Kweiv LvZvg kã‡K †kÖô A‡_© e¨envi K‡i‡Qb| Avwg ewj: Dnv Zv‡`i c‡¶ †Kvb `jxjiƒ‡c MY¨ nq bv| †hgb, Zviv e‡j: nvmvb Beb Inve Avey Zvgvg Z¡vqxi †kvK cÖKv‡k e‡j:

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1 myiv Avj Bgivb 80| 2 myiv evKviv, 177|

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†h e‡j, bexMY Øviv K‡ZK bex D‡Ïk¨, mKj bex b‡n| `jxjiƒ‡c Zviv Avj −vn ZvAvjvi GB evYx‡K MÖnY K‡i:

ويقتلون النبيني بغري احلق )٦١البقرة ( Zviv bexMY‡K Ab¨vqfv‡e nZ¨v K‡i|1 A_©vr Bû`xiv K‡ZK bex‡K nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| G K_vwUI Zv‡`i wg_¨vPvwiZvi cÖgvY| KviY, G ’v‡b Avb-bvweq¨xb Gi Avwjd I jvg nid Øq Avn&`x ev wbw`©ó A_© ÁvcK, e¨vcK A_©‡evaK b‡n| G K_vwU †evSv‡”Q Avj−vn ZvAvjvi GB evYx: Zviv bexM‡Yi GK RvgvZ‡K wg_¨v e‡j Avi GK RvgvZ‡K nZ¨v K‡i| 2 ZvQvov K‡ZK bex ej‡Z kwiqZavix bexMY D‡Ïk¨ b‡n| hv‡Z Zviv ej‡Z cv‡i †h, Bû`xiv ïay kwiqZavix bexMY‡K nZ¨v KiZ Ges kixqZ wenxb bexMY‡K nZ¨v KiZ bv| G K_vi DciI †Kvb `jxj †bB| evnvqxMY Avj−vn ZvAvjvi evYx: Òeis wZwb Avj −vni ivm~j I me©‡kl bexÓ m¤ú‡K© e‡j †h, GLv‡b LvZvg A_© †mŠ›`h©| ZvB, Avqv‡Zi gg© nj GB †h, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg bexM‡Yi Rb¨ A½ywji g‡a¨ AvswUi †mŠ›`‡h©i gZ| evnvqx‡`i Amr Abymvix Kvw`qvbxiv I GB Ac-e¨vL¨v MÖnY K‡i‡Q|3 G Dw³‡Z bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg Gi cÖwZ cÖKvk¨ Aegvbbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Kbbv, Zuv‡K cwi‡aq AjsKv‡ii gvwjK I Dnvi cwiavbKvixi †gvKvwejvq AjsKv‡ii †Kvb g~j¨ †bB| eis †mB AjsKvi wK‡b, cwiavb K‡i GUv‡K Ly‡j †`q| †mB AjsKvi AvOy‡j cwiavb K‡i m¤§vwbZ K‡i, AjsKvi Zv‡K m¤§vwbZ K‡i bv| myZivs G‡Z gnvb ivm~‡ji Rb¨ †Kvb dwRjZ I gh©v`v cÖgvwYZ nq bv| A_P Avj−vn ZveviKv IZvAvjv G kãwU‡K cÖksmvi ¯’‡j

1 myiv evKviv, 61| 2 myiv evKviv, 87| 3 bRxi Kvw`qvbxi Avj-KvDjym mvixn- ªóe¨|

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e¨vL¨v we‡k−lY e¨ZxZ Gi ^vfvweK gg©B D‡Ïk¨| myZivs AKvU¨ `jxj cÖgvY I GRgv Øviv G‡`i Kv‡di mve¨¯— nIqv‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB| (KvwR Avqv‡Ri Avk-wkdv|) `kg nv`xm Dc‡iv³ me D‡j −‡Li ci Aewkó nv`xm ¸‡jv‡K Avwg eY©bv KiwQ, hv‡Z ivm~j~j−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Zuvi Øviv beyq¨Z †kl nIqvi K_v D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb: Avwg Avj−vni Kv‡Q H mgq me©‡kl bexiƒ‡c wba©vwiZ, hLb Av`g AvjvBwnm mvjvg Zij gvwUi g‡a¨ wQ‡jb|1 GKv`k nv`xm- ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb, Avgvi A‡bK bvg i‡q‡Q| Avwg gynv¤§` , Avwg Avng`, Avwg gvnx, hvi Øviv Avj −vn Kzdi wgUv‡eb| Avwg nvmxi, hvi c`v¼ Abymi‡Y wKqvg‡Zi w`b mKj gvbyl‡K GKÎ Kiv n‡e| Avwg AvÕwKe, hvi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex †bB|2 Aci GK †iIqv‡q‡Z Av‡Q- Avwg H AvÕwKe †h, Avgvi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB|3 D³ nv`xm ¯úófv‡e eY©bv Ki‡Q †h, gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb ÔAvwg AvÕwKeÕ| AZtci wb‡RB Gi e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb- ÔAvÕwKe H e¨w³ hvi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bBÕ| wKš‘ Kvw`qvbxiv hLb G ¯úó e³e¨ †`L‡Z †cj, ZLbB Zviv Zv‡`i Amr Af¨v‡mi AvkÖq wbj| Avi, Zv nj KziAvb nv`x‡mi cwieZ©b I weK…wZ Kiv | Zviv e‡j: AvÕwKe k‡ãi e¨vL¨v bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg K‡ib wb| eis Zv †Kvb eY©bvKvix K‡i‡Qb|Õ (bRxi Avng` Kvw`qvbxi Avj-KvIjym mvixnÕ 187 c„:|) Kvw`qvbxiv Zv‡`i AÁZvi Kvi‡Y wZiwghxi †iIqv‡qZ m¤ú‡K© AewnZ b‡n| Dnv‡Z DËg cyi“‡li fvlvq e¨vL¨v

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i‡q‡Q, ÔAvwg H †kl AvMgbKvix †h Avgvi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB|Õ1 G e¨vL¨v Av‡`Š G K_vi m¤¢vebv iv‡L bv †h, †Kvb eY©bvKvix Dnvi e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb| Gi fvl¨ nj: AvwgB LvZvg Avgvi Øviv beyIZ‡K †kl Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges AvwgB AvÕwKe myZivs Avgvi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex †bB|2 Abyiƒcfv‡e KvRx AvqvR D³ nv`xm DׄZ K‡i‡Qb- AvwgB AvÕwKe †h Avgvi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB|Õ3 Gme DׄwZi ci Kvw`qvbx‡`i c‡¶ GK_v ejvi †Kvb AeKvk †bB †h, G e¨vL¨v †Kvb ivexi c¶ †_‡K Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Dnv ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi fvlv b‡n| †Kbbv, Avgiv cÖgvY K‡i w`‡qwQ †h, G †iIqv‡qZwU gyZvKvwj −‡gi Rgxi (DËg cyi“‡li me©bvg) Øviv ewY©Z| Avi, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg e¨ZxZ Ab¨ Kv‡iv c‡¶ gyZvKv‡j−‡gi Rgxi Øviv eY©bv Kiv m¤¢e b‡n| nv`x‡mi eY©bv fw½I Zv †evSv‡”Q| †Kbbv, ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg cÖ_‡g e‡j‡Qb: Avwg gvnxÕ AZtci Gi e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb- hvi Øviv Avj −vn Kzdi‡K wgUv‡eb|Õ Zvici e‡j‡Qb Avwg nvmxiÕ Gici Gi e¨vL¨v w`‡q‡Qb- Avgvi c`v¼ Abymi‡Y mg¯— gvbyl‡K GKÎ Kiv n‡e|Õ AZtci e‡j‡Qb Avwg AvÕwKe Ges G †¶‡ÎI e‡j‡Qb Ôhvi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bBÕ| G K_v mn‡RB Abyaveb Kiv hvq †h, wZwb wb‡RB †kl AvMgb Kvixi e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb, †hgb wZwb gvnxÕ I nvmxiÕ Gi e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb| †gvUK_v, hLb Avgiv G e¨vL¨v ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg †_‡K cÖgvY K‡i w`jvg, ZLb G e¨vcv‡i Avi Kv‡iv c¶ †_‡K BZ¯—Z: Kivi AeKvk †bB †h, fÊbex wg_¨vev`x Zvi beyq‡Zi `vwe‡Z m¤ú~Y© wg_¨v| 4 wZiwgwh 2q LÛ, 137 c„t| wgki ms¯‹iY 1292 wnt| 1 Beb nvhvi AvmKvjvbxi Avj-BmvevZ MÖ‡š’i nvwmqv hv Beb Avãyj evi Avj-Bwš—Lve bv‡g iPbv K‡i‡Qb| 1g LÛ, 37 c„t wgki ms¯‹iY| 2 KvRx Avqv‡Ri Avk-wkdv 191 c„t B¯—v¤yj ms¯‹iY|

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Øv`k nv`xmÑ ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Avjx‡K iv. m‡¤^vab K‡i e‡j‡Qb Avgvi Kv‡Q †Zvgvi H gh©v`v i‡q‡Q, †hgb gymv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi Kv‡Q nviƒY AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi gh©v`v wQj| wKš‘ cv_©K¨ ïay GZUzKz †h Avgvi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB|1 G nv`xmwU AwZ ¯úó K‡i †evSv‡”Q †h, gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB| KviY ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg ZeyK hy‡×i mgq Avjx iv. †K hLb Zuvi wcQ‡b †i‡L gw`bv‡Z †h‡Z PvB‡jb, ZLb Avjx iv. ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg G mv‡_ wRnv‡` kixK nIqvi AvKv•¶v e¨³ Ki‡jb| †mB mgq ivm~‡j Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Zuv‡K e‡jwQ‡jb, Avwg †Zvgvi gh©v`v‡K Lv‡Uv Kivi Rb¨ wKsev †Zvgvi m¤§vb‡K ¶zYœ Kivi Rb¨ †Zvgv‡K †cQ‡b †i‡L hvw”Q bv, eis gw`bv‡Z †Zvgv‡K Avgvi ’jvwfwl³ KiwQ, †hgb gymv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Avj −vni mv¶v‡Z Z‚i ce©‡Z MgbKv‡j Zuvi fvB nviƒY‡K AvjvBwnm mvjvg ^xq KIg †`Lv †kvbvi Rb¨ ’jvwfwl³ K‡iwQ‡jb| G `y †Uvi g‡a¨ Avi †Kvb cv_©K¨ †bB ïay GB K_v †h, nviƒY AvjvBwnm mvjvg bex wQ‡jb| KviY, beyq‡Zi aviv ZLb LZg nqwb| wKš‘ Zzwg bex bI| KviY beyq¨Z Avgvi Øviv †kl n‡q †M‡Q Ges Avgvi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB | G A_©‡KB kw³kvjx Ki‡Q ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Avi GKwU evYx, hv nhiZ mvÕ` Beb Avwe I°v‡mi iv. †iIqv‡q‡Z cvIqv hvq| G‡Z ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb: Avgvi ci beyq¨Z †bBÕ|2 GB †iIqv‡qZwU Kv‡di gyiZv` m¤úÖ v‡qi Dci GKwU Pig AvNvZ, hviv Avj−vni evYxmg~n I ivm~‡ji evYxmg~n‡K Bû`x‡`i b¨vq cwieZ©b-cwiea©b K‡i| Zviv e‡j Ôjv bvweqv

3 eyLvix I gymwjg| 1 gymwjg|

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evÕ`xÕ ev‡K¨ ÔjvÕ Ae¨qwU Ôbdx KvgvjÕ (cwic~Y©Zvi bv †evaK) A‡_© e¨eüZ| Ôbdx wRbmÕ (g~j beyq‡Zi bv †evaK) A‡_© e¨eüZ b‡n| myZivs Zv‡`i g‡Z evK¨wUi A_© nq- Avgvi ci ^qs m¤ú~Y© †Kvb bex †bB| †Kbbv, ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn

Iqvmvj−vg cÖ_‡g nviƒ‡Yi AvjvBwnm mvjvg D‡j −L Ki‡jb| AZtci Ôjv bvweqv evÕ`x ej‡jb| GUv Rvbv K_v †h, nviƒY AvjvBwnm mvjvg †Kvb ^qs m¤ú~Y© bex wQ‡jb bv, eis wZwb wQ‡jb gymvi AvjvBwnm mvjvg AbyMvgx GKRb bex| Avmj K_v nj- GB Gw›U `jwU ïay LZ‡g beyIZ‡K A¯^xKvi Ki‡Z Pv‡”Q bv, eis Gi †P‡q Av‡iv †ewk wKQy Zviv Pvq| Avi, Zv nj- Avj−vn myenvbvû AZvAvjvi Aw¯—Z¡ m¤ú‡K© Kzdixi Øvi D`&NvUb Kiv Ges ZvInx‡`i eywbqv`‡K aŸsm K‡i †`q, gynv¤§` gy¯—dv mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Ges c~‡e©Kvi mKj ivm~j ¯’vcb K‡i †M‡Qb| Zviv ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi evYx Ôjv beyIZv evÕ`xÕ Ges Ôjv bvweqv evÕ`xÕ ev‡K¨ cwic~Y©Zvi bv †evaK A_© wba©viY Ki‡Z Pvq| hv‡Z G bxwZi wfwˇZ Zv‡`i †Kvb GKRb Abyiƒc K_v Ôjv Bjvnv Bj−vj−vnÕ m¤ú‡K©I ej‡Z cv‡i Avgv‡`i H DׄwZ G K_v‡KB mg_©b Ki‡Q hv Avgiv Zv‡`i †_‡K Avj −vn ZvAvjvi mv‡_ gvbvbmB bq Ggb AmgxPxb ¸Y m¤ú‡K© cÂg cÖe‡Ü D‡j −L K‡iwQ| †gvUK_v, Kvw`qvbx †bZv I fÊbex ^xKvi K‡i‡Q. ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Dw³ Ôjv bvweqv evÕ`xÕ Gi ÔjvÕ Ae¨qwU e¨vcK bdxi Rb¨, Ôbdx Kvgv‡ji Rb¨ b‡n| (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi ÔAvB‡q‡g myjvnÕ 146 c„:|))†Kvb †Kvb Kvw`qvbx GB Dw³ K‡i‡Q †h, D³ nv`x‡m bdx Avjx iv. Gi Rb¨ LvQ| GUv Aviex fvlv m¤ú‡K© AÁZv Ges m‡Z¨i †gvKv‡ejvq ïay nUKvwiZv ˆe Avi wKQy bq| †Kbbv, Aviex fvlv m¤^‡Ü hvi mvgvb¨Zg aviYv Av‡Q, †m eyS‡Z cv‡i †h, Gi Øviv mvaviY fv‡e bv †eaK A_© D‡Ïk¨| KviY ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb- ÔAvgvi Kv‡Q

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†Zvgvi H gh©v`v i‡q‡Q †h gh©v`v nhiZ gymv AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi Kv‡Q nhiZ nviƒY AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi wQj, wKš‘ cv_©K¨ nj ïay GZUzKz †h, Avgvi ci †Kvb bex †bB|Õ Ab¨ GK †iIqv‡q‡Z Av‡Q- ÔAvgvi ci beyq¨Z †bB|Õ ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †Zv GK_v e‡jb wb †h, Avgvi ci Zzwg bex bI| ·qv`k nv`xm- Avey ûivqiv iv. ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, wZwb Gikv` K‡i‡Qb: Ôbeyq‡Zi Avi wKQyB Aewkó †bB, i‡q‡Q GKgvÎ mymsev`Õ| mvnvev‡q †Kivg wRÁvmv Ki‡jb mymsev` wK? DËi w`‡jb, Ômr ^cœÕ|1 GB nv`x‡mi A_© AwZ ¯úó| ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi c‡i Avi †Kvb bex †bB Ges †Kvb beyIZI †bB| Kvw`qvbx I Zv‡`i mv_x gyiZv` `j `jxj †ck K‡i †h, †Kvb †Kvb nv`x‡mi wKZv‡e Av‡Q- ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb: Ôhw` Beªvnxg RxweZ _vK‡Zb Zv n‡j wZwb mZ¨ev`x bex n‡Zb|Õ (Avj-KvIjym mvixnÕ Ges Avng`xqv c‡KU eyK)Õ K‡qKwU Kvi‡Y Zv wVK b‡n G¸‡jv Avwg we¯—vwiZfv‡e eY©bv K‡iwQ| †Kbbv, Zviv G †iIqv‡q‡Zi cv‡kB f¨vb f¨vb K‡i NyicvK Lv‡”Q, we‡klK‡i me©‡kl bex gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg Gi ci beyq‡Zi aviv Ges ivm~j AvMg‡bi wQjwQjv‡K cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨| A_P G‡Z Ggb †Kvb `jxj I cÖgvY jv‡fi AeKvk †bB| cÖ_gZ: G nv`xm weï× b‡n| Avj−vgv beex I Ab¨vb¨iv Gi we‡k−lY K‡i‡Qb| KviY, D³ nv`x‡mi mb‡` Beªvnxg Beb Dmgvb gynvwÏmM‡Yi HK¨gZ Abyhvqx ye©j| Zvi m¤ú‡K© ïÕev e‡j‡Qb: wg_y K, Bgvg Avng` e‡j‡Qb: Ô ye©jÕ Beb gyCb e‡j‡Qb: wek¦ — b‡n, Ges bvmvqx e‡j‡Qb: ewR©Z|2 myZivs G

2 eyLvix| 1 Bgvg Rvnvexi wghvbyj G Õ†Z`vj|

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mKj gZvg‡Zi ci Avi GB nv`x‡mi Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv hvq bv| wØZxqZ: hw` G nv`xm wVK †g‡bI †bIqv hvq ZeyI Zv gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi LZ‡g beyq‡Zi cwicš’x b‡n| KviY, Gi A_© nj Beªvnxg hw` euvP‡Zb Zv n‡j wZwb mZ¨ev`x bex n‡Zb, wKš‘ Zuvi Rb¨ †eu‡P _vKv m¤¢e ci wQj bv| †Kbbv, gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi LZ‡g beyq¨Z Zuvi euvPvi Rb¨ cÖwZeÜK wQj| Avi GUvB nv‡dR Be‡b nvRvi Bgvg Avng‡`i †iIqv‡qZ †_‡K DׄZ K‡i‡Qb| Bgvg Avng` Zuvi gvmb‡` ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, wZwb Gikv` K‡i‡Qb: Ôhw` Beªvnxg RxweZ _vK‡Zb, Zv n‡j bex n‡Zb, wKš‘, wZwb RxweZ _K‡Z cv‡ib wb| †h‡nZz †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨B i‡q‡Q me©‡kl bex|Õ1 GUv‡K mg_©b Ki‡Q H nv`xm hv Bgvg eyLvix iv. Beb gvhv I Ab¨vb¨iv Beb Avey AvIdv iv. †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb: Beªvnxg wkï Ae ’vq gviv †M‡jb| hw` nhi‡Zi ci Avi †Kvb bex nIqv m¤¢e nZ, Z‡e Zuvi cyÎ Aek¨B RxweZ _vK‡Zb | wKš‘ Zuvi c‡i †Zv †Kvb bex †bB|Õ2 Z…ZxqZ: D³ nv`x‡m ÔjvIÕ Ae¨qwU k‡Z©i Rb¨| Avi, kZ©hy³ evK¨ cÖ_g As‡ki ev —evqb Acwinvh© K‡i bv| ZvB G Dw³ Avj−vn ZvAvjvi H evYxi gZB (hw` Avmgvb I Rgx‡b Avj −vn e¨ZxZ Avi †Kvb gvey` n‡Zb, Z‡e DfqwU webó n‡q †hZ)3 A_©vr Ab¨ †Kvb gvey I †bB| Kv‡RB Avmgvb I Rwgb webóI n‡e bv Ggwbfv‡e Beªvnxg I RxweZ _vK‡eb bv Ges †Kvb bexI Avm‡eb bv| †gvUK_v, G nv`xmwUI †Rviv‡jvfv‡e cÖgvY Ki‡Q †h, beyq¨Z wek¦ — mZ¨ev`x bexi Dci †kl n‡q †M‡Q|

2 dZûj evix Beb nvRvi| 3 eyLvix I Beb gvhv| 6 myiv Avw¤qv 22|

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Kv‡di gyiZv`MY †hfv‡e aviYv Ki‡Q Zv wVK b‡n| Gw`‡KB gnvb I m¤§v‡bi AwaKvix Avj −vn Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb- Avj −vni evYx: ÔAvR‡Ki w`b Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i Øxb c~Y© K‡i w`jvg Ges †Zvgv‡`i Dci Avgvi †bqvgZ P~ovš— fv‡e m¤úbœ K‡i w`jvg| Avi Bmjvg †K †Zvgv‡`i Øxb iƒ‡c g‡bvbxZ Kijvg|Õ1 Avj −vni evYx: Ô†n ivm~j, Avcwb ejyb, †n gvbe RvwZ! Avwg †Zvgv‡`i mK‡ji cÖwZ Avj −vni ivm~j|Õ2 Avj−vni evYx: Avwg †KejgvÎ Avcbv‡K mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ mymsev``vZv I fq cÖ`k©b Kvwi iƒ‡c †cÖiY K‡iwQ|Õ3 Giƒc A‡bK AvqvZ i‡q‡Q| GRb¨B †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx Zv‡K Kv‡di mvgªvR¨ev`xiv AvÁven Kivi c~‡e© e‡jwQj: Avj−vn ZvAvjv ¯xq Dw³ Gi g‡a¨ ¯úó K‡i w`‡q‡Qb †h,beyq¨Z nhiZ gynv¤§‡`i mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Dci †kl n‡q †M‡Q Ges wZwbB me©‡kl bex|Õ (†Mvjvg Kvw`qvbxi †Zvnqv‡q MowjqvÕ 83 c„:|) PZz ©k nv`xm- ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb: hw` Avgvi ci †Kn bex n‡Zb Zv n‡j wZwb n‡Zb Igi|Õ4 G nv`xmwUI nhiZ gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi ci beyq¨Z †kl nIqvi c‡¶ ¯úó `jxj| wKš‘, Avð‡h©i welq †h `jwU Zv‡`i AbyKiY Bmjvg I gymjgvb‡`i kΓi Kv‡Q wewµ K‡i w`‡q‡Q Ges nhiZ gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Rxeb c×wZ †Q‡o w`‡q‡Q, Avi, wek¦vm NvZK mvgªvR¨ev‡`i AvuPj AvuK‡o a‡i‡Q, Zviv hLbB †Kvb my úó evYx †`L‡Z cvq ZLbB Zv A¯^xKvi K‡i e‡m| ïay A ^xKviB K‡i bv, Bû`x‡`i b¨vq GUv‡K weK…Z Ges wg_¨vi iƒcB `vb

1 myiv gv‡q`v 3| 2 myiv mvev 28 | 3 myiv Avnhve| 4 wZiwgwh|

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K‡i| hw`I wbqgvbyhvqx Zv‡`i DcKv‡i Av‡m bv ev Awfavb wKZvev`x Zv‡`i mnvqZv K‡i bv| Zv‡`i G ai‡bi GKwU wbK…ó dw›` nj D³ nv`xm‡K A¯^xKvi Kivi Rb¨ Zviv e‡j: Ô& nv`xmwU MwieÕ Dnv Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv hvq bvÕ| Zviv Av‡iv e‡j, evÕ`x k‡ãi wecixZ b‡n| myZivs Bnv gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi ci †Kvb bex †bB|Õ GB K_vi `jxj n‡Z cv‡i bv| (Avj KIjym mvixnÕ 184 c„:|) G mg¯— K_v e‡j‡Q wRw›`K I gyiZv`MY| G‡`i e³‡e¨i A_©nxbZvi cÖwZ j¶ Ki“b | cÖ_gZ: G‡`i Dw³- ÔMixe nv`xm Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv hvq bvÕ| GUv nv`xm gynvÏxQM‡Yi cwifvlv m¤ú‡K© AÁZv Qvov Avi wKQy b‡n| †Kbbv, nv`xQ Mixe nIqv‡Z Dnv Awfhy³ nq bv Ges GUv‡K `ye©j K‡i bv| GB m¤ú‡K© ¯úó eY©bv w`‡”Qb nv`x‡mi Bgvg I cwifvlv-we`-MY| h_v: Bgvg Beb mvjvn, nvwKg, LZxe AvmKvjvbx cÖgyL, ÔDjygyj nv`xm, Ôgv‡idvZz Djygyj nv`xm, Mivev‡Zi mv‡_ ye©jZv I mejZvi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| Gi D`vniY nj

eyLvixi cÖ_g nv`xmt إنام األعامل بالنيات

GUv Mwie nv`xm| A_P G e¨vcv‡i Kv‡iv m‡›`n †bB †h, Dnv weï× nv`xm, Dnv Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv nq| ZvQvov wZiwgwR ^qs ¯úó K‡i e‡j‡Qb †h, G nv`xmwU nvmvb| Avi, nvmvb

gKey‡ji Aš—f©y³| GBfv‡e G‡`i Dw³ ÔevÕ` (c‡i) kãwUi A_© ÔMv‡qiÕ (e¨ZxZ) MÖnY Kiv, GUv wg_¨v I weåvwš—Ki Dw³ Qvov Avi wKQyB b‡n| Ab¨_vq, Aviex fvlvi †Kvb Awfav‡b ÔevÕ`Õ Gi A_© Mv‡qi cvIqv hvq wb †h, Zviv G kã‡K wfbœ I wecixZ A‡_© e¨envi Ki‡Q| Kvw`qvbxiv Avj−vn ZvAvjvi evYx:

فبأي حديث بعد اهللا وآياته يؤمنون ﴿ ﴾اجلاثية٦ Øviv †h `jxj †ck Ki‡Q †h, D³ Avqv‡Z evÕ` kãwU Mv‡qi A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q, GUv Zv‡`i AÁZv I ¯^í Áv‡bi cwiPq enb K‡i| Zviv †h Aviex fvlvi Ávb †_‡K eû ~‡i, ZvB

286

†evSv‡”Q| †Kbbv, Avieiv AwaKvsk ’v‡b (gyRvdBjvBwn) †K †jvc K‡i Dnvi ’v‡b wØZxq gyRvd BjvBwn‡K ewm‡q _v‡K| GUv H mKj e¨w³B eyS‡Z cv‡i, hv‡`i Aviex fvlv m¤ú‡K© mvgvb¨Zg Ávb i‡q‡Q| ev Dnvi cÖv_wgK welqvw` cov‡kvbv K‡i‡Q| G ai‡biB GKwU evK¨ nj gnvb Avj −vni evYx:

فبأي حديث بعد اهللا وآياته يؤمنون A_©vr (Avj −vni evYx Z_v KziAvb I Gi AvqvZ mg~‡ni ci Avi †Kvb K_vi cÖwZ Zviv wek¦vm iv‡L?) Gfv‡eB ¯úó K‡i eY©bv K‡i‡Qb gydvm&‡miM‡Yi Bgvg Beb Rvixi, Bgvg mq~Zx, Aveym myD`, RgvLkvix I evqRvfx cÖgyL Avj−vgvMY| wVK GB A‡_©i w`‡KB Bw½Z K‡i‡Qb Lv‡Rb I bvmvdx| Zuviv evÕ` k‡ãi c‡i Kvjvgyj −vn En¨ a‡i e‡j‡Qb:(Avj −vni ci A_©vr Avj−vni wKZve I Zuvi Avqv‡Zi ci Iiv †Kvb evYxi cÖwZ wek¦vm ivL‡e|) 1 (gvqv‡jg I gv`v‡iK|) G ai‡bi „óvš— Avie‡`i K_v-evZ©vq A‡bK| †hgb, ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn

Iqvmvj−vg Ny‡gi †`vqvq e‡j‡Qb: أنت اآلخر فليس بعدك يشء

(ZzwgB †kl †Zvgvi ci Avi wKQy †bB)2 gyj−v Avjx K¡vix Gi

A_© m¤ú‡K© e‡jb-A_©vr: أي بعد آخريتك (†Zvgvi

†kl‡Z¡i ci Avi wKQy †bB|) 3 Ggwbfv‡e ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Dw³ ÔAvgvi ci †Kvb beyq¨Z †bB|4

Gi A_©- نبوة بعد نبويتأي ال .

A_©vr Avgvi beyq‡Zi ci Avi †Kvb beyq¨Z †bBÕ| Avgiv Ab¨fv‡e ewj †h, ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi G nv`xm beyq¨Z †kl nIqvi Dci AZ¨š— ¯úó| KviY,

1 myiv RvwQqv 6| 2 gymwjg| 3 wgiKvZ. 3q LÛ, 108 c„t| 4 gymwjg|

287

Ab¨ nv`xm G‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Q, hvi g‡a¨ evÕ` k‡ãi D‡j −L †bB| †hgb, ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Dw³ hv c~‡e© D‡j −L Kiv n‡q‡Q: ÔAvwg njvg †kl bex|Õ ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Av‡iv GKwU Dw³: beyq¨Z Avi Aewkó †bB †KejgvÎ mymsev` e¨ZxZ| mvnvev‡q †Kivg Avih Ki‡jb-mymsev` wK? DËi w`‡jb- mr ^cœ|Õ ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Aci GKwU Dw³: †imvjZ I beyq¨Z †kl n‡q †M‡Q| 1 G mKj nv`xm mn Av‡iv A‡bK nv`xm ¯úófv‡e eY©bv Ki‡Q †h, evÕ` Gi A_© †k‡l nIqv Ges †kl| G A_© AwZ ¯úó| Avi Kvw`qvbx‡`i Dw³ †h, evÕ` kãwU ÔMv‡qiÕ A‡_© H †iIqv‡q‡Zi g‡a¨ e¨envi n‡q‡Q hv ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †_‡K eY©bv Kiv nq, wZwb e‡j‡Qb: Ôhw` Avgv‡K †cÖiY Kiv bv nZ, Zv n‡j †n Igi †Zvgv‡K †cÖiY Kiv nZ|Õ (Avj- KIjym mixnÕ Ges Avngw`qv c‡KU eyK|Õ) GUv m¤ú~Y© evwZj| †Kbbv, Kvw`qvbxiv G †iIqv‡qZ‡K wgiKvZ †_‡K DׄZ K‡i‡Q, Avi, wgiKv‡Zi †jLK Gi mb` D‡j−L K‡ib wb| G Kvi‡Y †iIqv‡qZwU AÁvZ| Ô†kL Avãyj−vn †gÕgvi D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb †h, G mKj k‡ã D³ †iIqv‡qZwU nv`x‡mi †Kvb wKZv‡e cvIqv hvq bv| m¤¢eZ: †gvj−v Avjx K¡vix G †iIqv‡qZwU‡K Aci †iIqv‡qZ †_‡K DׄZ K‡i‡Qb hvi kãvewj nj- hw` Avgv‡K †cÖiY Kiv bv nZ, Z‡e Aek¨B †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ ivm~j †cÖiY Kiv nZ| Avi Igi iv. †KB †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †cÖiY Kiv nZÕ|2 A_ev GUv wb‡æv³ †iIqv‡qZ †_‡K DׄZ K‡i‡Qb Ôhw` Avwg †cÖwiZ bv nZvg Zv n‡j Avgvi ci Igi iv. †K †cÖiY Kiv nZÕ|3

1 Bnvi Av‡jvPbv c~‡e© P‡j †M‡Q| 2 gvbvexi ÔKzbyRyj nKÕ| 3 KzbyRyj nK|

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wKš‘ GZ m‡Ë¡I Dnv Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv hvq bv| KviY, G `ywU †iIqv‡qZ `ye©j Ges ev‡bvqvU| cÖ_g †iIqv‡qZwU D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb Bebyj RvIhx Zuvi wKZve ÔgvIhyqvZÕ Gi g‡a¨ `ywU mb‡`| cÖ_g mb‡`i g‡a¨ GKRb ivex hvi bvg RvKvwiqv Beb BqvnBqv I°vi, †m wg_y K I nv`xm iPbvKvix| Bebyj RvIhx e‡j‡Qb: ÔRvKvwiqv wg_y K, †m nv`xm iPbv K‡i|Õ (gvIRyqvZ) Rvnex Zuvi Avj-gxRvb MÖ‡š’ e‡j‡Qb: Beb Av`x e‡j‡Qb: ÔRvKvwiqv nv`xm iPbv K‡i|Õ mv‡jn e‡j‡Qb: Ô†m eo wg_y K‡`i GKRb wQj|Õ1 G †iIqv‡q‡Zi wØZxq mb‡` GKRb ivexi bvg Av& yj−vn Beb †nivbx Zvi m¤ú‡K© Beb RvIhx e‡j‡Qb: Ô†m ewR©Z|Õ2 Avi, Rvnvex BqvKze Beb BmgvCj †_‡K DׄwZ w`‡q‡Qb †h, Beb Iqv‡K` wg_¨vev`x wQ‡jb|Õ3 G Kvi‡YB, Beb RvIhx G †iIqv‡qZ‡K Dfq mb‡`i w`K †_‡K gIhy e‡j‡Qb| Avi, wØZxq †iIqv‡qZ A_©vr Ôhw` Avwg †cÖwiZ bv nZvg Zv n‡j Aek¨B Avgvi c‡i Igi‡K iv. †cÖiY Kiv nZ|Õ Dnv‡Z BmnvK Beb byRvBn gvjZx bv‡g R‰bK ivex i‡q‡Qb| Zuvi m¤ú‡K© Rvnvex Zuvi cy —K ÔAvj-gxRv‡bÕ Bgvg Avng` †_‡K DׄwZ w`‡q e‡j‡Qb- Avng` e‡j‡Qb †h, †m †jvKR‡bi g‡a¨ me‡P‡q eo wg_¨vev`x| BqvnBqv e‡j‡Qb, †m wg_¨vev`x I nv`xm iPbvi Kv‡R cÖwm×|4 GRb¨ Beb RvIhx e‡j‡Qb: G †iIqv‡qZwUI gIhy (ev‡bvqvU)5 †gvUK_v, G Dfq †iIqv‡qZB gIhy| Gi Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv mwVK b‡n Ges Gi Øviv û¾ZI cÖgvwYZ nq bv| ZvB evÕ` k‡ãi A_©‡K weK…Z Kivi g‡a¨ Zv‡`i Pµvš— wbwnZ i‡q‡Q, †h Pµvš— Bû`xiv Bmjvg‡K aŸsm Kivi Rb¨ K‡i hv‡”Q| 4 Rvnvexi gxRvbyj G‡Z`vj| 5 gvIRyqvZ| 6 Rvnvexi gxRvbyj G‡Z`vj| 7 gxRvb| 1 gIRyqZ|

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cÂ`k nv`xm- Gici Avwg Avi GKwU nv`xm D‡j −L Kie| Zv nj ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gikv` K‡i‡Qb: Ô†n Avey Ri! me© cÖ_g bex Av`g AvjvBwnm mvjvg Ges me©‡kl bex gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg|1 G mKj weï× nv`xm Ges KziAv‡b ¯úó fvl¨ AKvU¨ fv‡e cÖgvY Ki‡Q †h, gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB| Avi, †h e¨w³ Zvi c‡i beyq‡Zi `vwe Ki‡e †m ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi fwel¨ØvYx Abymv‡i wg_y K I `v¾vj| Bgvg Beb Kvmxi i. e‡j‡Qb: Ôev›`vi cÖwZ Avj −vni Amxg †g‡nievwb †h, wZwb gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †K Zv‡`i cÖwZ †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| AZtci Zuv‡K me©‡kl bex I ivm~j wn‡m‡e m¤§vwbZ K‡i‡Qb| Avi, ZuviB m¤§v‡b LuvwU Øxb‡K cwic~Y© K‡i‡Qb|Õ Avj −vn ZvAvjv ^xq wKZv‡e Ges ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Zuvi weï× nv`x‡m msev` w`‡q‡Qb †h, Zuvi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB, hv‡Z mKj gvbyl Rvb‡Z cv‡i †h, †h †Kn ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi ci H c`wei `vwe Ki‡e, †m wg_y K, Acev``vZv, `v¾vj, weåvš— I weåvš—Kvix| hw`I Zv‡`i †Kn Av¸b w`‡q †L‡j Ges wewfbœ cÖKvi hv y gš¿ I g¨vwRK †`Lvq, ZeyI eyw×gvb †jv‡Ki „wó‡Z G ¸‡jv cÖZviYv I †auvKv e¨ZxZ wKQyB b‡n| †hgb K‡i gnvb Avj−vn ZÕAvjv Bqv‡g‡b AvmI` Avbvmxi nv‡Z Ges Bqvgvgv‡Z gymvBjvgv Kv¾v‡ei nv‡Z A‡bK¸‡jv weåvwš—Ki Ae ’v I ev‡R Dw³ mg~n cÖKvk Kivb| G ¸‡jv †`‡L cÖ‡Z¨K eyw×gvb, †evakw³ m¤úbœ I †hvM¨ †jvK ey‡S †bq †h, Giv wg_y¨K| G‡`i Dci Ges wKqvgZ ch©š— hviv wg_¨v beyq‡Zi `vwe Ki‡e, Zv‡`i mK‡ji Dci Avj −vni jvÕbZ I Awfkvc| myZivs G mKj wg_y K‡`i Kv‡iv Kv‡iv Kv‡Q Avj−vn ZvAvjv Ggb Ae ’v m„wó K‡ib hv †`‡L Av‡jgMY

2 Beb wneŸvb Zuvi mnxn wKZv‡e Ges Avey bvCg ûwjqv wKZv‡e eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, Avi Beb nvRvi dZûj evix wKZv‡e Dnv‡K mnxn e‡jQb

290

I †gvwgb ev›`vMY G‡`i wg_¨v `vwe Abyaveb K‡i wb‡Z cv‡ib|1 G mg‡¯—i ci A_©vr c~‡e© Av‡jvwPZ mZ¨‡K Abyaveb Kivi ci Ges KziAvb nv`xm I Aviex fvlv wb‡q Kvw`qvbx‡`i †Ljv Kivi e¨vcv‡i AewnZ nIqvi ci Avi Zv‡`i Ag~jK weK…wZ, mvik~b¨ e¨vL¨v ejx, wbK…ó Dw³ I m —v Ávb k~b¨ AvKx`v wek¦v‡mi ci Avwg Zv‡`i Av‡iv wKQy weK…wZi K_v D‡j−L Ki‡Z PvB, hÏviv Zviv `jxj MÖnY Ki‡Z Pvq †h, beyq‡Zi aviv GLbI we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q| d‡j G cÖeÜwU I‡`i mg¯— Pµvš— Ges weåvwš—i GUv mvwe©K wPÎ Zz‡j ai‡Z cvi‡e Ges cvVK I‡`i ^fveMZ N„wYZ Ae ’v I †Mvcb yiwfmwÜ m¤ú‡K© AewnZ n‡Z cvi‡e| Kvw`qvbxiv e‡j- Avj −vn ZvAvjvi evYx: Ôhviv Avj−vn I ivm~‡ji K_v †g‡b Pj‡e, Zviv ciKv‡j H mKj †jvK‡`i mv‡_ _vK‡e hv‡`i cÖwZ Avj −vn AbyMÖn K‡i‡Qb Giv n‡jb- bex, wmwÏK, knx` I mrKg©kxj †jvKMY| Avi, Zviv KZB bv DËg mv_x!2 GB AvqvZ cÖgvY Ki‡Q †h, bex mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi ci beyq‡Zi aviv Pvjy Av‡Q| (Kvw`qvbx cy —K Avj-KvIjym mvixnÕ 197 c„: Ges Avngw`qv c‡KU eyK 500c„t BZ¨vw`|) Aviex fvlvi mv‡_ hvi mvgvb¨Zg m¤úK© Av‡Q A_ev †h Dnvi kãvewji A_© ey‡S, Zvi gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi ci beyq‡Zi aviv Pvjy _vKvi Dci `jxj MÖnY Kiv m¤¢e| KviY, D³ Avqv‡Zi g‡a¨ G A‡_©i cÖwZ mvgvb¨ZgI Bw½Z †bB| wKš‘ Kvw`qvbxiv Ges hviv Zv‡`i mv‡_ kqZv‡bi c_ AbymiY K‡i P‡j‡Q, Zviv G ch©š— a„óZv †`Lv‡Z ytmvnm K‡i‡Q| GgbwK, Zviv Zv‡`i wg_¨v bexi bxwZ a‡i kqZv‡bi Inxi mvnv‡h¨ Bmjv‡gi bv‡g RbmvaviY‡K cÖZvwiZ Kivi Rb¨

3 Zvdmx‡i Beb Kvmxi, 3q LÛ 494 c„t wgki ms¯‹iY| 1 m~iv wbmv, 69 AvqvZ|

291

civµgkvjx GK Avj−vni cweÎ Kvjvg cwieZ©b Ki‡Z j¾v‡eva K‡iwb| AZGe, Zviv KziAvb I nv`x‡mi mKj evYx Ges AvB¤§v‡q Zvdmxi I fvlvwe`‡`i gZvg‡Zi wecixZ e‡j: Ô†h e¨w³ Avj−vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji K_v †g‡b P‡j †m bex, wmwÏK, knx` I †b°vi M‡Yi Aš—f©y³ n‡Z cvi‡e|Õ nu v G me K_v ej‡Q, KziAv‡bi A ^xKvi Kvix Avj−vni kΓ I Zuvi ivm~‡ji kΓ Ges Bmjv‡gi kΓ wek¦vmNvZK mvgªvR¨ev‡`i G‡R›Uiv, hviv GKRb Avwdg‡Lvi g`¨cvqx Bs‡iR‡`i †mev`vm e¨w³i beyq¨Z cÖgvY Ki‡Z Pvq| A_P, Avqv‡Zi A_© AwZ ¯úó| Avi Zv nj GB Ôhviv Avj −vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e Zviv bex, wmwÏK, knx` I †bKKviM‡Yi mvwbœa¨ jvf Ki‡Z cvi‡e|Õ G Rb¨B Avj−vn ZvAvjv Gi c‡iB e‡j‡Qb: ÔAvi Zviv KZB bv DËg mv_x|Õ Ab¨_vq G‡`i Dw³ †_‡K KZK¸‡jv welq Acwinvh© n‡q c‡o: cÖ_gZ:- beyq¨Z DcvR©b Dc‡hvMx e ‘, `vb MZ e ‘ b‡n| Avi †h †Kn Avj −vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e, †m bex n‡Z cvi‡e| Bnv KziAv‡bi ¯úó fv‡l¨i wecixZ| Avj−vni evYx: ÔAvj−vn †d‡i¯—v‡`i g‡a¨ Ges gvby‡li g‡a¨ hv‡K B”Qv Zv‡KB ivm~j g‡bvbxZ K‡ib|Õ1 wØZxqZ:- hvivB Avj−vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji AbyMZ n‡e, Zv‡`i bex nIqv Acwinvh© n‡e| gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi mvnvexMY hv‡`i cÖksmv K‡i‡Qb gnvb Avj −vn ¯^xq Kvjv‡g cv‡K| †Kbbv, AvR ch©š— Zv‡`i Zzjbvq Avj −vn I Avj −vni ivm~‡ji cÖwZ AwaK AbyMZ Avi KvB‡K cvIqv hvqwb Ges cvIqv hv‡eI bv| Zv‡`i c‡iB gh©v`v I AvbyMZ¨ jvf K‡i‡Qb Zv‡eqxMY, AZtci Zv‡e Zv‡eqxMY| wKš‘ Zv m‡Ë¡I G‡`i †Kn `vwe K‡ibwb †h, wZwb bex n‡q †M‡Qb| †Kvb BgvgI GK_v e‡jb wb †h, Zuviv bex wQ‡jb| GB bxwZ‡ZB gnvb Avj−vn hLb mwZ¨Kvi gywgb‡`i K_v D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb ZLb 2 myiv nv¾|

292

Zv‡`i wmwÏK, knx` I mv‡jn Dcvwa `vb K‡i‡Qb| Avj −vni evYx: Ôwbðq `vbkxj cyi“l I `vbkxj bvixMY Ges hviv Avj−vni wbKU Ki‡h nvmvbv †ck K‡i, Avj −vn Zv‡`i cÖwZ`vb A‡bK¸Y e„w× K‡i †`‡eb Ges Zv‡`i‡K DËg cyi¯‹vi †`‡eb| Avi hviv Avj−vn I Zvi ivm~jM‡Yi cÖwZ wek¦vm iv‡L, Zuviv Zv‡`i cÖfyi Kv‡Q mZ¨ev`x I knx`iƒ‡c cwiMwYZ|1 Avj−vni evYx: Ôhviv Cgvb`vi Ges mrKvR K‡i Avwg Zv‡`i‡K Avgvi †bKvi ev›`vM‡Yi Aš—fy©³ Kie|Õ2 Avj−vn ZvÕqvjv G K_v e‡jb wb †h, Avwg Zv‡`i bexM‡Yi Aš—f©y³ Kie| †Kbbv, beyq¨Z AR©b †hvM¨ †Kvb e ‘ b‡n| Ab¨_vq, fÊbex Kvw`qvbx ïay GKvB bex n‡e bv, eis hvivB Avj −vn I Zuvi ivm~‡ji Abymvix n‡e, Zviv mK‡jB †Kvb cÖKvi e¨wZµg QvovB bex n‡eb| G K_v ^qs Kvw`qvbxivI e‡j bv|

Z…ZxqZ:- Avj−vn ZvAvjvi evYx:- ومن يطع اهللا والرسول (hviv Avj−vn I ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e) Dnv‡Z bvix cyi“l

DfqB kvwgj| Z‡e gwnjv‡`i‡K bex nIqv †_‡K ewÂZ ivLv n‡e †Kb? PZz_©Z:- ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb: mZ¨ev`x wek¦¯— e¨emvqx bex, wmwÏK I knx`M‡Yi m½x n‡e|3 Gi A_© wK wek¦¯—Zvi Øviv bex n‡q‡Qb? Dc‡iv³ G nv`xmwU Avqv‡Zi gZB my „p| †Kbbv, ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg e‡j‡Qb- ÔmZ¨ev`x wek¦ — e¨emvqx bexM‡Yi m½x n‡eb|Õ †hgb, Avj−vn ZvAvjv e‡j‡Qb: Ô†h Avj−vn I ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡e †m Avj−vni †bqvgZcÖvß e¨w³eM© A_©vr bex I wQÏxKM‡Yi m½x n‡e|Õ Gi gg© nj mZ¨ev`x e¨emvqx e¨w³ G

1 myiv nv`x`-18 2 myiv AvbKveyZ-9 3 wZiwgwh, `vigx, `viKzZbx I wkkKvZ|

293

mKj gyKviie (Avj−vni ˆbKU¨ jvfKvix) ev›`v‡`i m½ jvf Ki‡e| cÂgZ:- Ôivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj −vg g„Zz i wbKUeZ©x mg‡q Avj−vni †bqvgZcÖvß e¨w³eM© bex, wmwÏK, knx` I mv‡jnM‡Yi m½ jv‡fi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv Ki‡Zb|1 Gi A_© nj ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Zuvi †ønkxj Ki“Yvgq cÖfyi Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Ki‡Zb, wZwb †hb Zuv‡K G ywbqv †_‡K Avcb mvwbœ‡a¨ wb‡q hvb, †hLv‡b ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg bex, wmwÏK, knx` I †bKKvi ev›`vM‡Yi mvwbœa¨ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Abyiƒc Av‡iKevi e‡j‡Qb- (†n Avj −vn! †n m‡e©v”P mv_x!) Ab¨_vq, bex wmwÏK I knx` nevi cÖv_©bv Øviv ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi wK D‡Ïk¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i? A_P wZwb †Zv c~e© †_‡KB bex| lôZ:- gnvb Avj −vni evYx:-

ما كان حممد أبا أحد من رجالكم ولكن رسول اهللا وخاتم النبيني )٤٠األحزاب(

gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg †Zvgv‡`i †Kvb cyi“‡li wcZv b‡nb| eis wZwZ Avj −vni ivm~j I me©‡kl bex|) Avj−vni evYx:-

اليوم أكملت لك م دينكم وأمتمت عليكم نعمتي ورضيت لكم اإلسالم دينا )٣املائدة(

(AvR Avwg †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ †Zvgv‡`i Øxb cwic~Y© K‡i w`jvg Ges †Zvgv‡`i Dci Avgvi Ki“Yv my-m¤ú~Y© Kijvg, Avi Bmjvg‡K †Zvgv‡`i Øxbiƒ‡c cQ›` Kijvg|) Avj−vni evYx:- وما أرسلناك إال كافة للناس بشريا ونذيرا )٢٨سبأ (

4 eyLvix I gymwjg|

294

(Avwg Avcbv‡K mg — gvbe RvwZi Rb¨ mymsev` `vZv I mZK©Kvixiƒ‡c †cÖiY K‡iwQ|) KziAv‡b ewY©Z Av‡iv cweÎ evYxmg~n ¯úófv‡e eY©bv Ki‡Q †h, gynv¤§` mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi ci Avi †Kvb bex †bB| Abyiƒcfv‡e gnvb ivm~‡ji gyZvIqvwZi nv`xm mg~n G K_vi Dci AKvU¨ û¾Z †h, Zuvici beyq‡Zi aviv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c eÜ| myZivs G mKj cÖKvk¨ cÖgvYvw` û¾‡Zi ci †Kvb weK…ZKvix I Bû`x‡`i Abymvixi c‡¶ †Kvb AwaKvi †bB †h, †m gnvb Avi‡ki cÖfyi evYxi mv‡_ †Ljv K‡i †Kvb Acev` iUbvKvix wg_y ‡Ki Rb¨ beyq¨Z mve¨ — Ki‡e| mßgZt- Kvw`qvbxiv e‡j- Avj −vni evYx:

مع الذين أنعم اهللا عليهم )٦٩النساء ( Gi g‡a¨ ÔgvAvÕ kãwU Ôwgb Gi A‡_© e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q, G K_vi †Kvb `jxj †bB| KviY, †Kvb fvlvwe` ev †Kvb ZvdmxiKviK Ggb K_v KLbI e‡jb wb| ZvdmxiKviK mK‡jB G K_v mve¨¯— K‡i‡Qb †h, G Avqv‡Z ÔgvAvÕ Gi A_© m½ I mv‡_ _vKv| weL¨vZ ZvdmxiKviK Be‡b KvQxi G kã cÖm‡½ e‡jb: ÔZv‡K I‡`i mv_x evwb‡q †`q|Õ Bgvg hgLkvix in. e‡jb: Avj−vni me‡P‡q wbKUeZx© ev›`v Zuvi mv_x n‡eb|Õ Bgvg ivRx Gi A_© K‡ib, ÔhLb Zviv Avgvi `k©b I mv¶vr jvf Ki‡Z PvB‡e, ZLb Zv cvi‡e|Õ Kvw`qvbxiv G A_© MÖnY bv Ki‡j Avj−vn ZvAvjvi G evYx m¤ú‡K© wK ej‡Z cv‡i?-

إن اهللا مع الصابرين ﴿البقرة ١٥٣﴾ (wbðqB Avj−vn ˆah©kxj‡`i mv‡_ i‡q‡Qb|) Gi A_© wK Avj−vn ˆah©kxj‡`i Aš—f©y³? Zviv Avj−vn ZvAvjvi G evYx m¤ú‡K©I wK ej‡Z cv‡i?

)١٢٨النحل ( إن اهللا مع الذين اتقوا wbðqB Avj−vn gyËvKx‡`i mv‡_ i‡q‡Qb| Gi A_© wK Avj −vn gyËvKx‡`i Aš—f©y³?))†gvUK_v, Avj −vn ZvAvjvi evYx‡Z ÔgvAvÕ

295

kãwU ÔgvwqAvZÕ ev mv_x nIqvi A_© cÖ vb Ki‡Q| A_©vr G e¨w³i H mKj gyKviie ev›`v‡`i m½ nv‡mj n‡e| ^qs Avqv‡Zi †kl Ask Gi Zvdmxi Ki‡Qt

وحسن أولئك رفيقا ﴿ ﴾٦٩النساء(Giv KZB bv DËg mv_x|) ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi H evYxI Gi mv¶¨ w`‡”Q- ÔGKRb †jvK ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi †L`g‡Z nvwRi n‡q ejj: †n Avj −vni ivm~j! Avwg G K_vi mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, Avj −vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÕey` †bB Ges Avcwb Avj−vni ivm~j| Avwg cuvP Iqv³ bvgvR cwo, Avgvi gv‡ji hvKvZ Av`vq Kwi Ges ighv‡bi †ivhv ivwL| Dˇi ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg ej‡jb: †h e¨w³ G Ae ’vq gviv hv‡e †m wKqvg‡Zi w`b bex, wmwÏK I knx`M‡Yi mv‡_ Ggbfv‡e _vK‡e, G K_v e‡j ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg yÕwU A½ywj GKmv‡_ Lvov Ki‡jb|1 ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi H evYxI GK_vi mv¶¨ w`‡”Qt

من أحبني كان معي يف اجلنة (†h Avgv‡K fvjev‡m †m †e‡nk‡Z Avgvi mv‡_ _vK‡e|)2 ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi evYx nhiZ iweqv Be‡b KvÕ‡ei cÖwZ hLb wZwb Av‡e`b K‡iwQ‡jb- Ô‡n Avj−vni ivm~j! Avwg †e‡nk‡Z Avcbvi m½ Kvgbv KwiÕ| ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg DËi w`‡jb- ÔZzwg G Kv‡R wb‡Ri Rb¨ †ewk †ewk †mR`v K‡i Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ KiÕ|3 G mg¯— AvqvZ I nv`xm Øviv G K_vB cÖKvk K‡i †h, ÔgvAvÕ k‡ãi A_© mv_x I m½x nIqv, Aš—fy©³ nIqvi A_© b‡n, G

1 Avgi Beb gyiivZvj hynbxi †iIqv‡qZ †_‡K Bgvg Avng` Zvi gmb‡` G nv`xmwU D‡j −L K‡i‡Qb| 2 wZiwgRx| 3 gymwjg|

296

mKj Kv‡di I gyiZv`iv †hgb aviYv Ki‡Q| Avgi hynvbxi nv`xm G e¨cv‡i GKwU D¾¡j cÖgvY Ges G mKj Kv‡di‡`i gv_vi Dci GKwU †Kvlgy³ Zievwi ^iƒc| †mB nv`x‡m ivm~j mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg ¯úó K‡i e‡j w`‡q‡Qb- Ô‡h e¨w³ GgZve ’vq g„Zz eiY Ki‡e hLb †m GB g‡g© mv¶¨ cÖ vb K‡i †h, Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÕey` †bB Ges gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Avj−vni ivm~j, Avi cuvP Iqv³ bvgvR Av`vq K‡i, hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i I igRv‡bi †ivRv iv‡L †m n‡e bex‡`i m½xÕ| GLv‡b hw` ÔgvAvÕ kã‡K ÔwgbÕ A‡_© e¨envi Kiv nq Zv n‡j cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ bex nIqv Acwinvh© n‡q c‡o| G RvZxq evwZj K_vevZ©v Øviv Kvw`qvbxiv wK †jvKRb‡K c_fªó I cÖZvwiZ Ki‡Z Pvq? A_P Zv‡`i `jxj cÖgvYvw` gvKokvi Rv‡ji †P‡qI ye©j| gnvb Avj −vn e‡j‡Qb:

وإن أوهن البيوت لبيت العنكبوت لو كانوا يعلمون ﴿ ﴾٤١العنكبوت(ÔwbðqB gvKokvi Ni me‡P‡q ye©j Ni| nvq, hw` gvbyl Zv eyS‡Z cviZÕ|) wØZxq AvqvZ, hØviv Zviv beyq‡Zi avivevwnKZv cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ `jxj wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i| Avi G K_v Zviv Zv‡`i Amr c~e© cyi“l evnvqx‡`i AbymiY K‡i Avj −vn ZvAvjvi evYxi A_© weK…Z K‡i| Avj−vni evYx: (†n Av`g mš—vb! hLbB †Zgv‡`i Kv‡Q †Zvgv‡`i ga¨ n‡Z ivm~jMY AvMgb K‡i, Avgvi AvqvZ eY©bv K‡i, ZLb †h †Kn Avj−vn‡K fq Ki‡e Ges mr KvR Ki‡e Zv‡`i †Kvb fq _vK‡e bv Ges Zviv wPwš—ZI n‡e bv|)1 Kvw`qvwbiv e‡j, G AvqvZ cÖgvY Ki‡Q †h, bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi c‡iI bexM‡Yi AvMgb NU‡e| †Kbbv, Avj −vn ZvAvjv gvbe RvwZ‡K ivm~jM‡Yi AvMgb m¤ú‡K© msev` w`‡q‡Qb| (Avj KIjym mvixn, 198 c„: I Avngw`qv c‡KU eyKÕ 503c„t|) 1 myiv Avivd-35|

297

Avgiv ewj: G AvqvZ Øviv beyq¨Z Pvjy _vKvi Dci `jxj †ck Kiv KZ¸‡jv Kvi‡Y evwZj| cÖ_gZ: Av`g AvjvBwnm mvjvg I Zuvi mš—vb‡`i cÖwZ G m‡¤^vabwU wQj m„wói Avw`Kv‡j Ges G cÖwZkÖ“wZwU me©‡kl bex gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg ch©š— mKj bex ivm~‡ji AvMgb Øviv mZ¨ cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| GB AvqvZ cÖm‡½ Bgvg Beby Rvixi e‡j‡Qb: ÔAvj−vn ZvAvjv Av`g AvjvBwnm mvjvg I Zvi eskai‡K wbR nv‡Z wb‡q G K_v Øviv m‡¤^vab Ki‡jb|Õ (Zvdmxi Be‡b Rvixi) Avqv‡Zi fve-fw½I GK_v eySv‡Q| †Kbbv, G Avqv‡Z Av`g AvjvBwnm mvjvg Gi m„wó, Zuvi †e‡nk‡Z cÖ‡ek, Zvici †mLvb †_‡K Zuvi ewn¯‹…Z nIqv

m¤ú‡K© D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q | wØZxqZ: Avqv‡Z إن ÔBbÕ (hw`)

kãwU ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Ges Dnvi ev¯—evqb Acwinvh© b‡n| †hgb- ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Avj−vn ZvAvjvi G evYx‡Zt

قل إن كان للرمحن ولد فأنا أول العابدين ﴿ ﴾٨١خرفالز

(Ôhw` Avj−vn ingv‡bi †Kvb mš—vb _vKZ, Zvn‡j AvwgB me©cÖ_g Zuvi DcvmbvKvix nZvgÕ)1

Z…ZxqZt ÔBqvZxqvbœvÕ kãwU فعل مضارع (eZ©gvb ev fwel¨rKvjxb wµqv) Avi املضارعGi avivevwnKZv

Acwinvh© b‡n| †hgb i‡q‡Q Avj −vni GB evYx‡Zt فإما ترين من الب رش أحدا فقويل إين نذرت للرمحن صوما )٢٦مريم (

(hw` Zzwg †Kvb gvbyl †`L‡Z cvI, Z‡e Zv‡K ej, Avwg ingv‡bi Rb¨ †ivRvi gvbZ K‡iwQ|)2 Avqv‡Zi A_© GB bq †h, gwiqg AbvwaKvj ch©š— †e‡P _vK‡eb, GgbwK wZwb gvbe RvwZ‡K me© v I AweiZ fv‡e †`L‡Z cv‡eb|

2 myiv SzLi“d 81| 1 m~iv gwiqg, 26|

298

myZivs GK_v ¯úó †h, Avqv‡Zi g‡a¨ m‡¤^vabwU gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi D¤§‡Zi Rb¨ b‡n| eis G m‡¤^vabwU gnvb ivm~j mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi AvMg‡bi c~‡e© mKj Av`g mš—v‡bi Rb¨ wQj| PZz_©Zt ^qs Kvw`qvbxi Dw³ beyq¨Z A_©vr wimvjZ †kl n‡q †M‡QÕ| BwZc~‡e© Gi Av‡jvPbv n‡q †M‡Q| Kvw`qvbxiv Zv‡`i wg_¨v bexi beyq¨Z cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ †Kvb †Kvb †iIqv‡qZ Øviv `jxj †ck K‡i‡Q| BwZc~‡e© Avgiv †h¸‡jvi D‡j −L Kwiwb, GLb Zv D‡j −L KiwQ| cÖ_g †iIqv‡qZt nhiZ Av‡qkv iv. e‡jb:

)قولوا خاتم النبيني وال تقولوا ال نبي بعدي(

(†Zvgiv LvZvgyb bvweq¨xb ej, Avgvi ci †Kvb bex †bB G K_v ej bv|) (Avj KIjym mvixn, hv ~i‡i gvbmyi n‡Z D`„Z|) G †iIqv‡q‡Zi mb‡`i Av‡`Š †Kvb wfwË †bB| Kvw`qvbx‡`i Ges Zv‡`i c‡_i cw_K‡`i g‡a¨ Ggb †Kvb †jvK Rb¥vqwb †h G †iIqv‡q‡Zi weï×Zv cÖgvY Ki‡Z cv‡i| myZivs †iIqv‡qZwU gIhy| Dciš‘ GUv ˆmq`v nhiZ Av‡qkvi iv. cÖwZ GKUv Acev`| A_P wZwbB †iIqv‡qZ K‡i‡Qb †h, ivm~jyj−vn mv, e‡j‡Qb: ÔZuvi ci gyevkwkivZ e¨ZxZ beyq‡Zi Avi wKQzB Aewkó _vK‡e bv| mvnvevMY AviR Ki‡jb- †n Avj−vni ivm~j! gyevkwkivZ wK? DËi w`‡jb- mwVK I mr ¯cœ hv gymwjg †`L‡Z cvq ev Ab¨ †Kn Zvi m¤ú‡K© †`‡L _v‡K|1 wØZxq †iIqv‡qZt ivm~jyj−vn mvj −vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg nhiZ AveŸvm iv. †K e‡jb: †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨B †LjvdZ I beyq¨Z n‡e|Õ (KvbRyj D¤§vj, I û¾yj KvivgvnÕ|) G †iI‡qZwUI gvIRy Ges Dnvi GKRb ivex hvi bvg gynv¤§` Avwgi, wZwb me© m¤§wZµ‡g ye©j| 2 gymb‡` Avng`|

299

wØZxqZ: G †iIqv‡q‡Zi A_© hw` GB mve¨¯— nq †h, ivm~jyj −vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg nhiZ AveŸvm Be‡b Avãyj gyËvwje‡K msev` w`‡q‡Qb †h, †Zvgv‡`i A_©vr ebx nv‡kg †_‡K bex Avm‡Qb; †hgb ivRv ev`kvn I LjxdvMY ebx nv‡mg †_‡K Avm‡eb| Z‡e GUvB nj G †iIqv‡q‡Zi mwVK A_©| G‡Z ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi c‡i bex‡`i AvMg‡bi †Kvb cÖgvY †bB| Z…ZxqZt G †iIqv‡qZ †_‡K Zviv †h A_© MÖnY K‡i ev¯—eZv GUv‡K wg_¨v mve¨¯— Ki‡Q| †Kbbv, AveŸvmx es‡ki †KnB G K_v `vex K‡iwb †h, †m bex| wKš‘ Zv‡`i fÊbex †Mvjvg Avng` Kvw`qvbx †Zv †gvNj eskxq, †hgbwU †m wb‡RB Zvi Rxeb Pwi‡Z D‡j−L K‡i‡Q|1 G¸‡jv nj Kvw`qvbx‡`i `jxj `¯—v‡eR| Rvwb bv Zviv †Kgb K‡i weï× I cÖgvwYZ nv`xmmg~n‡K eR©b K‡i Ges gIhy I AcÖgvwYZ †iIqv‡qZ Øviv `jxj †ck K‡i| G mg¯— †jvK †_‡K Ggb AvPiY nIqv †Kvb Avð‡h©i welq b‡n| †Kbbv, †h mvgªvR¨ev`xiv Zv‡`i c„ô‡cvlKZv Ki‡Q eis Zv‡`i m„wó K‡i‡Q, cÖPwjZ bxwZ n‡jv- ÔD‡Ïk¨ I j¶¨ Dcvq-DcKi‡Yi b¨vh¨Zv cÖwZcvjb K‡iÕ Kvw`qvbx m¤cÖ`vq‡K m„wó Kivi wcQ‡b Zv‡`i j¶¨ nj- Bmjv‡gi Avmj mZ¨ iƒc‡K weK…Z Kiv, gymjgvbMY‡K wec_Mvgx Kiv, Zv‡`i HK¨ webó Kiv Ges Zv‡`i RvgvZ‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i †`qv| GB c‡_ Zviv H mg¯— Dcvq DcKiY Aej¤^b K‡i, hv Zv‡`i D‡Ïk¨‡K ev¯—evwqZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| †hgb weK…Z KiY, Ace¨vL¨v, evwZj welqvw` Øviv `jxj †ck Kiv| Avgv‡`i Rb¨ hv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Zv nj GB- G `‡ji ev¯—e cÖK…wZ cÖKvk Kiv Ges Zv‡`i evwZj I åvš— welqvw` Ges †gKx `vwei Dci †_‡K AveiY mwi‡q †`qv| G D‡Ïk¨ ev¯—evwqZ Ki‡Z Avgiv Avgv‡`i mvg_©vbyhvqx †Póv KiwQ| Avj−vn ZvAvjvi Kv‡Q Avgv‡`i GB cÖv_©bv, wZwb 1 lô cÖe‡Ü Gi Av‡jvPbv P‡j †M‡Q|

300

†hb mZ¨‡K Zvi wb‡ ©k Øviv mZ¨ cÖgvwYZ K‡ib Ges m‡Z¨i cÖwZ AvnevbKvix‡`i weRqx K‡ib| Avj−vn ZvAvjv ingZ el©Y Ki“b Avgv‡`i Bgvg I me©‡kl bex wcÖq gynv¤§` mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj−vg Gi Dci, Zvi cwievi-cwiRb I Zvi mg — mvnvexM‡Yi Dci| Avj−vnB Avgv‡`i GKgvÎ ZvIdxK`vZv|

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