““A World in Flames” A World in Flames”

Mrs. O’NeillMrs. O’Neill

World War IIWorld War II

““A War to End All Wars”A War to End All Wars”

“Everything for which America fought has been accomplished…the United States could aid in the establishment of just democracy throughout the world…”

Treaty of Versailles:•Germany’s harsh terms- disarmament, war reparations $$$, loss of land=humiliation

1929 Stock Market crash in U.S. set off world-wide depression

A Weak League of A Weak League of NationsNations

WWII Governments

• Socialism- community ownership

• Communism- adds a single-party system of government

• Fascism: military government based on racism & nationalism with strong support from the business community

5

Individual rights are not viewed as important as the needs of the nation

Totalitarianism

Communist Dictatorship

(USSR)

Fascist Dictatorship

(Germany, Italy, Spain)

Military Dictatorship

(Japan)

Major Governments WWIIMajor Governments WWII

The Rise of DictatorsThe Rise of Dictators

• 1919- Benito Mussolini founds Italy’s Fascist Party– Fascism-aggressive

nationalism against Communism

Il Duce“The Leader”

Blackshirts

The Rise of DictatorsThe Rise of Dictators• 1917 Bolshevik Russian Revolution

– Vladimir Lenin

•1922 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

•1926 Joseph Stalin becomes new Soviet dictator

The Rise of DictatorsThe Rise of Dictators

• Hirohito/Emperor Showa– Ruled from 1926-1989

•Imports more then exports

•Attempted to take over Manchuria in Northern China to get resources and expand

The Rise of DictatorsThe Rise of Dictators•1936 Spanish Civil War

•Backed by Spanish fascists, army officers, landowners, and Catholic Church leaders

Francisco Franco

USSR, Germany and Italy send tanks, airplanes, and soldiers

The Rise of DictatorsThe Rise of Dictators

• National Socialist German Workers’ Party– Aka Nazi Party

•1923 Nazis marched in Munich ---> Berlin but plan failed and Hitler was arrested

•Aryan Race in need of “lebensraum”

•Expansion east into Poland and Russia

•1933 German president appointed Hitler as chancellor

•1934 Hitler becomes President

•1935 rebuilds Germany’s military in violation of Treaty of Versailles

Fuhrer

“The Leader”

Hitler provided scapegoats for Germany’s problems (foreigners, Jews, communists, Roma (Gypsies), mentally ill, homosexuals)

1923 - Wallpapering with German Deutchmarks

Kristallnacht Nov. 1938- vandalism & destruction of Jewish property & synagogues. Jewish refuguee shot and killed German diplomat in Paris because Jewish people had been deported from Germany to Poland

The Austrian Anschluss, 1938The Austrian Anschluss, 1938

Policy of appeasement (concessions in exchange for peace) b/c of:

1.) WWI

2.) To unite German-speaking lands seemed reasonable

3.) Nazis would be interested in peace once they gained more territory

The “Problem” of theSudetenland

The “Problem” of theSudetenland

Democracy

Diversity

Allied w/ France and USSR

Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich: 1939

Czechoslovakia Becomes Part of the Third Reich: 1939

The Nazi-SovietNon-Aggression Pact, 1939

The Nazi-SovietNon-Aggression Pact, 1939

Germany and USSR divide Poland in half

Poland Attacked: Sept. 1, 1939

Sept. 3rd, Britain and France declare war

Poland Attacked: Sept. 1, 1939

Sept. 3rd, Britain and France declare war

Blitzkrieg [“Lightening War”]

• Blitzkrieg- “lightening war” large numbers of massed tanks to break through and rapidly encircle enemy positions

• September 27th- Warsaw fell• October 5th- Polish army had been defeated

German Troops March into Warsaw

German Troops March into Warsaw

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KsBG34TSJJ4