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A Workflows Roadmap for the Geosciences NSF EarthCube Workflows Community Group September 15, 2012 http://earthcube.ning.com/group/workflow

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Page 1: A Workflows Roadmap for the Geosciences › ~gil › EarthCube › EC-WorkflowsRoadmap-September20… · in Spring and Summer 2012 was the creation of a workflows roadmap for the

A Workflows Roadmap for the Geosciences

NSF EarthCube Workflows Community Group

September 15, 2012

http://earthcube.ning.com/group/workflow

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This work was supported through National Science Foundation under grant # EAR-1238216 as part of the NSF EarthCube initiative.

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Preface The EarthCube Workflows Community Group was formed in March 2012 as part of the NSF EarthCube initiative in response to initial discussions in EarthCube that occurred during 2011. Workflows are used to manage complex computations that have many steps or use large data. Workflow systems assist scientists to select models appropriate for their data, configure them with appropriate parameters, and execute them efficiently. The EarthCube community saw great value in workflow technologies for the future of geosciences. The goal of the EarthCube Workflows Community Group was to begin to elicit requirements for workflows in geosciences, ascertain the state of the art and current practices, identify current gaps in both the use of and capabilities of current workflow systems in the earth sciences through use case studies, and identify grand challenges for the next decade along with the possible paths to addressing those challenges. The group was asked to produce a roadmap for workflows in geosciences. Three other Community Groups were formed (Data, Semantics and Ontologies, and Governance), and each was asked to create a roadmap in their area. NSF guidance for the roadmap was to structure it in the following ten sections:

1. Purpose: Introduction, including community(ies) to be served, technical area(s) of the roadmap, and brief discussion what improvements in the present state-of-the-art in geoscience data discovery, management, access, or utilization it will enable. Also include examples of how the outcomes from your effort will enable the community to be more productive and capable.

2. Communication: Description of a communications plan with end users, developers, and sponsors, as well as links to and feedback from other EarthCube community groups and EarthCube concept projects to promote systems integration and accelerate development. Include a discussion of needed interactions with allied fields, agencies, and other related activities (present and desired).

3. Challenges: Description of major drivers, trends, and shifts impacting or that could impact the focus of a working group, including but not limited to changing technology, adoption culture, and community engagement.

4. Requirements: Process(es) to be used to get the necessary technical, conceptual, and/or community (i.e., end-user) requirements at the outset and during the life of the activity, including approaches to achieving community/end-user consensus.

5. Status: Description of the state of the art within the topical area of your roadmap. This should include approaches and technologies from geoscience, cyberinfrastructure, and other fields, the public or commercial sector, etc. that have the potential to benefit the EarthCube enterprise.

6. Solutions: Process for the identification and comparison (pros and cons) of approaches and technology solutions that will contribute to the EarthCube

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goal of satisfying current and future research needs of the geoscience end-user.

7. Process: Process(es) to develop community standards, protocols, test data, use cases, etc. that are necessary to mature the functionality of the topical area and promote interoperability and integration between elements of EarthCube.

8. Timeline: Timeline for the project and all related sub-projects, including prioritization of activities and measurable milestones/major achievements and total resources (human and financial) required to achieve roadmap goals over a period of the next 3 to 5 years.

9. Management: Management/governance/coordination plan and decision-making processes necessary to successfully establish standing committee(s) and subcommittees (if warranted), including a plan to identify and respond to shifts in technologies and changing needs at the end-point of use. Include discussion of approaches to educating end-users and achieving community consensus on advancing the capability/technological solution.

10. Risks: Identification of risks and additional challenges to the successful establishment of any working group, and any unique risks associated with a working group associated with your topical area. With respect to identified risks, an approach to risk mitigation should be addressed

The group held a series of virtual and face-to-face workshops to solicit participation from the geosciences community and other relevant researchers. The EarthCube Workflows Community Group set up a public web site where all their activities were made open for participation from the community and all documents were posted for public access and editing (https://sites.google.com/site/earthcubeworkflow/). Presentations and discussions were recorded and posted on the site. A key result of the work of the EarthCube Workflows Community Group activities in Spring and Summer 2012 was the creation of a workflows roadmap for the geosciences. An initial roadmap document for the EarthCube community that was first released in June 2012 and presented to the EarthCube community. A revised roadmap was delivered to the community in August 2012. The roadmap serves as a living document created as a group effort with provisions and a process to update and extend it over time. This document represents the final roadmap of the NSF EarthCube Community Group for workflows in the geosciences. Community feedback is always welcome, as the roadmap will be revised and extended while EarthCube activities continue.

The EarthCube Workflows Community Group

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported through National Science Foundation under grant # EAR-1238216 as part of the NSF EarthCube initiative. EarthCube is an innovative and long-

term cross-directorate initiative of the US National Science Foundation. The goal of

EarthCube is to transform the conduct of research by supporting the development of

community-guided cyberinfrastructure to integrate data and information for knowledge management across the Geosciences.

This report was authored by the EarthCube Workflows Community Group. The Steering Committee edited the document, and was chaired by Yolanda Gil (University of Southern

California Information Sciences Institute) with the following members: Ewa Deelman

(University of Southern California Information Sciences Institute), Ibrahim Demir

(University of Iowa) Christopher Duffy (Pennsylvania State University), Suresh Marru (Indiana University), Marlon Pierce (Indiana University), and Gerry Wiener (National

Center for Atmospheric Research). The report was assembled from many contributions

from the community, notably from Ilkay Altintas (University of California San Diego), Aaron Braeckel (National Center for Atmospheric Research), Steven F. Browdy (OMS

Tech, Inc.), David Fulker (OPENDaP), Nicong Li (University of Redlands), Paul Ramirez

(NASA/JPL), David Tarboton (Utah State University), and Shahani Weerawarana (Indiana University).

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Steering Committee of the Workflows Community Group Aaron Braekel provides technical leadership within NCAR for the weather component of

the FAA NextGen modernization program, in close collaboration with the NOAA/National

Weather Service 4-D Weather Data Cube. These real-time operational systems exchange information using standardized web services from the Open Geospatial

Consortium (OGC). NCAR's role in the program includes initial research, operational

prototyping, system architecture and design, improvements to standards within the relevant bodies, data format development, federated catalogs/registries with

standardized metadata, visualization, and dealing with large gridded data volumes.

Much of the NCAR's work for FAA was directly adopted for implementation in the NOAA 4-D Wx Data Cube system. Arron also provides technical leadership for development of

the weather conceptual model (UML) and exchange model (XML) in collaboration with

Eurocontrol. WXXM is currently being considered for worldwide adoption by the

International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Braekel is lead developer for the Java dataserver portion of the

Aviation Digital Data Service (ADDS), a website serving general aviation and pilots. The

dataserver is a web service exposed on the ADDS websites that written in Java to access a relational database of decoded aviation weather products. The experimental

and operational versions of the ADDS websites currently serve around twelve million

total hits a day, and the dataserver component accounts for 1 to 1.5 million of those hits.

Dr. Ewa Deelman (http://www.isi.edu/~deelman) is a Research Associate Professor in

the Computer Science Department at USC and leads the Collaborative Computing

Group at USC/ISI. Dr. Deelman’s research focuses on distributed systems with particular emphasis on scientific workflow systems and their application in diverse

scientific domains. She is the PI of the NSF-funded Pegasus Workflow Management

System project. Pegasus is a collaboration between USC and the Condor group at UW Madison. As part of the Pegasus work, Dr. Deelman developed a number of workflow

optimization techniques geared towards improving workflow performance, scalability,

and reliability. Pegasus is being used in a number of scientific disciplines including

astronomy, bioinformatics, biology, earthquake science, helioseismology, physics, etc. For example Pegasus has been used since 2005 by the Southern California Earthquake

Center to run large-scale wave propagation simulations on the national

cyberinfrastructure.

Dr. Ibrahim Demir (http://myweb.uiowa.edu/demir/) is an Assistant Research Engineer

at the IIHR – Hydroscience and Engineering, University of Iowa. He received his doctoral degree in Environmental Informatics at University of Georgia. His research interests are

environmental information systems, scientific visualization of geo-spatial data, user

interface design, and information communication. His research efforts are aimed at

developing novel information interfaces, using state-of-art visualization techniques, and providing support to researchers from various disciplines to help them visualize and

understand environmental observations and simulation data. He has developed

interactive visualizations of large, geo-spatial scientific data sets to improve communicating flood related observations and simulation results with public and decision

makers. He worked on the design and development of the Iowa Flood Information

System (IFIS), a one-stop web-platform to access community-based flood conditions,

forecasts, visualizations, inundation maps and flood-related data, information, and applications. Dr. Demir is the member of CUAHSI Informatics Standing Committee.

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CUAHSI (Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc.) is

an NSF sponsored consortium of 125 universities providing support for the study of the terrestrial components and processes of the global water cycle.

Dr. Christopher J. Duffy (http://web.me.com/cxd111) is a Professor of Civil and

Environmental Engineering at The Pennsylvania State Univeristy. Dr. Duffy was a Co-PI with the NSF Science Technology Center on Sustainability of Water Resources in Semi-

Arid Regions, which developed new strategies for multi-process hydrologic modeling in

river basins of the southwest US. The work lead to development of the Penn State Integrated Hydrologic Model (PIHM). PIHM (http://www.pihm.psu.edu/) is a

multiprocess, multi-scale model where the processes are fully coupled using the semi-

discrete finite volume method. Duffy is PI of the NSF Critical Zone Observatory at Penn State (2008-2013) where geoscience research focuses on predicting the geochemical,

hydrologic, biologic, and geomorphologic processes within the Earth’s Critical Zone

(http://www.czo.psu.edu/). His recent research focuses on developing a new generation

of computational models and supporting data infrastructure for watershed and river basin water and water quality resources. This research involves development of a national

strategy to provide researchers, educators and resource managers with seamless and

fast access to essential geo-spatial/geo-temporal data, physics-based, high resolution numerical models, and data fusion tools that are necessary to predict and manage the

nations surface, groundwater and ecological resources.

Dr. Yolanda Gil (Chair) (http://www.isi.edu/~gil) is Director of Knowledge Technologies

and Associate Division Director at the Information Sciences Institute of the University of

Southern California, and Research Professor in the Computer Science Department. She

received her M.S. and Ph. D. degrees in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University. Dr. Gil leads a group that conducts research on various aspects of Interactive

Knowledge Capture. Her research interests include intelligent user interfaces,

knowledge-rich problem solving, discovery informatics, scientific workflows, and the semantic web. She has developed novel representations and algorithms for semantic

workflows, which can reason about constraints of data and software components within

the workflow. Dr. Gil and her colleagues developed the Wings workflow system

(http://wings.isi.edu) and a number of workflow applications for earthquake simulations, ecology, genomics, and more recently drug discovery. Dr. Gil was elected to the Council

of the American Association of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), and served in the Advisory

Committee of the Computer Science and Engineering Directorate of the National Science Foundation. She recently chaired the W3C Provenance Group, an effort to chart

the state-of-the-art and posit standardization efforts in this area. In 2010 she was elected

Chair of ACM SIGART, the Association for Computing Machinery's Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence.

Suresh Marru (http://people.apache.org/~smarru/) directs the Science Gateway efforts

of the NSF funded Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE). Marru has previously participated in geoscience efforts including Linked Environments

for Atmospheric Discovery (LEAD), Coupled Modelling Environment of Atmospheric

Discovery (MEAD) Expedition, and Environment Hydrology Application Teams (EHAT) Alliance projects. These projects are few of the many efforts which have set the stage for

EarthCube. As one of the co-principal investigators and architects of the LEAD workflow

infrastructure, Marru was instrumental in creating an integrated, scalable framework in which meteorological analysis tools, forecast models, and data repositories can operate

as dynamically adaptive, on-demand, grid-enabled systems. Marru’s current research

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focus is to work alongside multidisciplinary experts in the field of eScience to developed

open community driven web and service-based scientific workflow and gateway systems for individual research, collaboration, outreach, and cross-disciplinary collaboration.

Marru and Pierce are the founding members of the open community driven scientific

workflow framework Apache Airavata.

Dr. Marlon Pierce (http://pti.iu.edu/sgg) is the leader of the Science Gateways Group in

the Research Technologies division of University Information Technology Services at

Indiana University. Pierce received his M. S. and Ph. D. degrees in Physics from Florida State University. Pierce’s team conducts research and development in the application

of distributed computing and information technologies to problems in applied fields such

as earthquake science, astronomy, astrophysics, computational chemistry, material science, atmospheric science, and bioinformatics. Pierce’s Science Gateway Group is

also actively involved in open source software development and governance, acting as

founding members of the Apache Rave and Apache Airavata incubator projects. The

focus of this work is to bring open community software engineering methodologies to cyberinfrastructure software development. Pierce’s service to the cyberinfrastructure

community includes the organization of the Gateway Computing Environments (GCE)

workshops, part of the annual ACM/IEEE Supercomputing conference. GCE workshops provide a venue for peer reviewed publications on the state of the art in Science

Gateway development.

Dr. Gerry Wiener is a senior engineer at the Research Applications Laboratory (RAL) at

the National Center for Atmospheric Research. He has been responsible for

meteorological system design and implementation at NCAR since 1987 and is the

engineering deputy of the Weather Systems and Assessment Program at RAL. Dr. Wiener is currently the lead software engineer on the Xcel Wind Energy project at

NCAR/RAL. He oversaw the design and implementation of a wind/power forecasting

system that makes hourly operational wind energy forecasts out to 168 hours for all Xcel Energy wind farms in Colorado, New Mexico, Texas and Minnesota. He has been the

lead software engineer on the Graphical Turbulence Guidance (GTG) project for the

FAA for over 10 years and successfully transferred multiple versions of the Graphical

Turbulence Guidance (GTG) system to the Aviation Weather Center in Kansas City. The GTG output grids are now an official National Weather Service product displayed on the

Aviation Digital Data Service. Dr. Wiener was also the lead software engineer on the

Wind shear and Turbulence Warning System for the Hong Kong Government. This system has been used operationally at the Hong Kong International Airport for detecting

hazardous turbulence and wind shear since July 1998. Dr. Wiener is interested in finding

ways to build meteorological processing systems using Workflows, Data Mining and Data Cube technology.

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Page 11: A Workflows Roadmap for the Geosciences › ~gil › EarthCube › EC-WorkflowsRoadmap-September20… · in Spring and Summer 2012 was the creation of a workflows roadmap for the

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Page 41: A Workflows Roadmap for the Geosciences › ~gil › EarthCube › EC-WorkflowsRoadmap-September20… · in Spring and Summer 2012 was the creation of a workflows roadmap for the

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