A Wasteful World

Types of WasteBiodegradable/Non Biodegradable

Domestic/Industrial

Hazardous/Non-Hazardous

Solid/Liquid

Come up with an example of each if you can

HIC/MIC/LICHIC stands for Highly Industrialised Country

e.g. USA

MIC stands for Mostly Industrialised Country e.g. India

LIC stands for Less Industrialised Country e.g. Bangladesh

Who produces more waste?HIC countries usually produce more waste as

they have higher levels of disposable income and the constant need to have the latest and greatest gadgets

20% of the worlds population who live in HIC’s produce 86% of the consumption of the worlds products

Poorest 20% consume only 1.3% of the worlds products

Copy figure 1 pg 124 into your books to explain this more

Look at the table on pg 124 (figure 2)

What is it showing us?

Look at the following countries information: USA, Australia, Kuwait, United Kingdom, Germany. What do you notice?

Look at the following countries information: Cameroon, Kenya, Ethiopia, Congo, Bangladesh. What do you notice?

What is the map showing us on pg 125?

How is it different to a normal map of the world?

The map is showing the amount of waste collected from homes, schools and businesses

How it is different to a normal map is that the more waste a country produces, the fatter that country seems on the map. Look at the size of the US for example

Look at the size of Africa on the map, what do you think this tells us about the amount of waste produced there?

What is the waste made up of?Look at figure 4. It breaks down how domestic waste

is created. Over a third of it is from packagingThis diagram has changed over time. 50 years ago

the % of fires/ashes would have been much higher, why do you think this?

Nappies would not have been invented either, as babies would have had cloth nappies instead of disposable ones, so they would be reused

E-waste didn't exist really either, now it is a massive contributor to domestic waste due to the demand to have the latest and greatest gadgets even if we don't need them!

United Kingdom: What happens to the waste?2003/04: 72% went into landfills (hole in

ground), 9% incinerated (burned) 19% was recycled

By 2007 it was up to 31% recycled

This is good because it means less in landfills and being burnt, this means less greenhouse gases in the environment

How is waste recycled at local levelMost councils or local authorities in the UK

and other countries have set up recycling centres.

These centres are specifically set up to deal with certain types of recycling e.g. cans, glass, paper

Usually the recycling is put into specific bins by the public and put out to be collected on certain days (see the pictures pg 126)

How is the recycled material used?Look at the 4 orange boxes on page 127

Read through each box carefully. You then need to write what you consider to be the 4 most important pieces of information for each box in your book. We will then share these as a class and come up with what we consider to be the most important points

Don't just pick the first 4 points either as I could assess you on this in tests and/or the exam!

HIC’s...How do they get rid of the rubbish?Many different types of waste e.g municipal waste, nuclear waste, other types of toxic waste

Municipal WasteGermany known as recycling capital of

Europe, produces 14 million tonnes of municipal waste each year of which 60% is recycled

Quarter of a million people employed in waste management industry

1970’s 50,000 landfills in Germany, now only 160 and waste has to be treated

They also incinerate rubbishPeople who run these plants are exempt from

carbon emission rules which creates problems (see pg 128)

They also send rubbish to other countries and other countries also send their rubbish to be disposed of by Germany, its a big business!

But there are problems with the recycling system, copy the 4 bullet points from pg 129 that explain these problems

Nuclear WasteDoesnt have any sites to reprocess or treat

this kind of waste, so it has to be sent overseas

Doing this is very expensive for Germany to places like France, UK and Siberia

Hopefully they will eventually be able to deal with all their nuclear waste. They are hoping to be able to do this within the next few years

Other toxic waste productsMost of this type of waste is sent overseasAlot of it was sent to Eastern EuropeOne famous example of this going wrong involved

shipping toxic waste to AlbaniaThe waste was labelled as aid for use in farmingBut it had dangerous pesticides in it like toxapheneIf you put a litre of toxaphene into water it can

contaminate 2 million cubic litres of waterThere was 6000 litres of it in the 480 tonnes. It

would cost $5500 a tonne to get rid of the pesitcidesThis caused many problems

QuestionsAnswer the Foundation questions and then

the Higher questions from pg 130. You need to show me these questions next week (Sunday for girls, Tuesday for boys) for your second homework

Test: How and what to study, up to you if you follow these tips!Pgs 124-130Types of Waste and its production/Recycling and disposal of

wasteLook at the notes we have made in classLook at the headings in the blue boxes on each pageMake sure you understand in particular the diagrams/tables

and what they are showingLook at the learning outcomes/objectives of the two sectionsThe review boxes on pg 125 and 130 explain what you

should knowOrange boxes pg 127-know this!-you should already if you

did you homework!

Sources and Uses of EnergyLook over the table on pgs 131-132. You dont

need to know everything on it, just be able to refer back to maybe 1 or 2 examples of types of fuel if asked to do so in an assessment

Ground Source HeatingCan save you 70%Does not give off greenhouse gasesCheap in the long term as infinite resource

(never run out), but its expensive to build in first place

Need space to build itIt works by taking heat from the ground into

pipes filled with chemicals and water that are then heated

Power from the SunTwo options- photovoltaic cells and solar

panelsPC- expensive to install, but is fitted onto

buildings. Also not nice to look atThey are panels/tiles which produce energy

from lightSP- can provide you with most of your hot

water, no ongoing costs, fitted to building, but not good in places with not much sun

Fluid in the panels heat up producing hot water

Wind PowerTurbines are used to produce energyThey are quiet and efficient, dont give off any

emissionsNeeds to have a certain wind speed to work,

not nice to look at and can affect local wildlife patterns

Power from waterControlling water to power turbines, can be

done with rivers or tidal waterCheap to run as water is infinite resourceExpensive to buildCan affect the environment in different ways

Management of energy usage and wasteEnergy usage has doubled every 20 yearsBut we waste most of the energy through a

number of waysCopy the red bullet points from pg 135The wasted energy could supply 66,000

homesEnergy wastage continues to rise because we

are building bigger homes and these need more energy

Heating and cooling systems and dishwashers use the most energy

How do we waste energy in school and at home?Think about how we use energy here at

school and at home. We are all guilty of wasting energy e.g lights being left on when no one in a room, tv left on standby, phone chargers plugged in with no phone charging

Your task is to make up a list of areas at home and at school where energy is being wasted. You then need to come up with a viable solution to the problem. Some will be more complicated than others. You need to do this as it will be part of your next assessment