a virtual international authority file presentation by barbara b. tillett, ph.d. chief, cataloging...
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A Virtual International Authority File
Presentation byBarbara B. Tillett, Ph.D.
Chief, Cataloging Policy and Support Office Library of Congress
For the Opening Ceremonies for HKCAN
October 4, 2002
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Objectives
• Facilitate sharing to reduce cataloguing costs to libraries, museums, archives, rights management agencies, etc.
• Simplify creation and maintenance of authority records internationally
• Enable users to access information in the language, script, form they prefer
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Authority control virtues
• “Precision” in searching• Syndetic structure of references to help
navigate (the variant forms of name/title/subject/etc.)
• Displays to collocate works• Links to forms used in particular
resources• Bring library catalogues into the mix of
tools available on the Web
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Projects to facilitate authority control on a global scale
• EU: AUTHOR Project, LEAF, <indecs>, INTERPARTY
• HKCAN• IFLA: MLAR, FRANAR• Dublin Core “Agents”• DELOS/NSF Working Group “Actors/Roles”• EAC (Encoded Archival Context)• CORC• Unicode/Multiple Scripts• NACO/SACO for AACR2 and LSCH Users
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Interoperability
• Map different communication formats with Z39.50 protocols
• Crosswalks to the “MARCs” XML ONIX
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Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
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IFLA UBC authority principles
• Each country responsible for authority headings for its own personal and corporate authors
• National authority records available for everyone to use
• Same form and structure used worldwide
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New view of UBC
• User perspective - to display script/language(s) of one’s own country
• Bibliographic agencies still responsible for control in their own countries (or region/cataloguing rules/etc.)
• Link forms established in “national” or “regional” authority files to create a virtual international authority file
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Same Entity/Variant Scripts
Japanese
japanisch
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Entities
• Crosswalks and Mappings - not always 1-1 Examples of differences among
cataloguing rules•Ships•Events•Meetings of corporate bodies•Undifferentiated names
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Matching retrospective files
• One time project• Matching algorithms, such as those
developed by Ed O’Neill and others at OCLC
• Links Text strings Control numbers
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Programs to facilitate future authority work
• Automatic check of heading against existing local authority file
• If not found, automatic check against “virtual” international authority file
• Display found matches for editing or reference
• Insert authorized forms into local authority record for future link
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Switching for displays
Library defaultUser-selected preferences
Client set-up, “cookies,” or future method•Language•Script•Culture (country)/spelling
- Labor vs. Labour
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Standard Authority Numbers
• International Standard Authority Data Number ISAN INSAN ISADN National control numbers (LCCN, etc.)
• Unique, persistent
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Scenario 1
• Original cataloguing with match found for same entity in local authority file
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Scenario 1
Create bibliographic record
100 1 ‡a Tchaikovsky, Peter I
245 ‡a Piano concerto
Check local authority file
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Scenario 1
Corrects bibliographic record
100 1 ‡a Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich, ‡ d 1840-1893
245 ‡a Piano concerto
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Scenario 2 - Web launch
• Original cataloguing with no match found in local authority file
• Launches Web search of virtual international authority file Assumes response times/system
reliability will improve in future
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Scenario 2
Create bibliographic record
100 1 ‡a Tchaikovsky, Peter I
245 ‡a Piano concerto
Not found in local authority file.Checking VIAF.
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RUSMARC-recordМаркер: 00445nx 22001453 450001: 10326005: 20001108144619.0100: $a20001108arusy0103 ca200: 1$8rus$7ca$aЧайковский$bП. И.$f1840- 1893$gПетр Ильич$4070200: 1$8rus$7ba$aChajkovskij$bP. I.$f1840-1893$gPetr Il'ich$4070300: 0 $aРусский композитор, ученик А.Г. Рубинштейна.700: 1$310327$8rus$7ba$4070810: $aВсемирный биографический энциклопедический словарь. - М., 1998.801: 0$arus$brnb$c20001108
810: $aГАК РНБ.
Your search of the Virtual International Authority File found the following match:
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Scenario 2
Link authorities
100 1 ‡a Tchaikovsky, Peter I
Create and Link? Yes
No
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700 1 ‡a Чайковский‡b П. И.‡d 1840-1893‡q Петр Ильич ‡0 ()10326 ‡2 ‡l rus
Automatically creates local authority record
010 ‡a n 79072979 040 ‡a DLC ‡b eng 100 1 ‡a Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich, ‡d 1840-1893 400 1 ‡a Chajkovskii, Petr Il’ich, ‡d 1840-1893
Cataloguer adds AACR2 form
with link
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Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
Tchaikovsky
()10326
(LC)n79072979
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Scenario 2
Corrects bibliographic record
100 1 ‡a Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich, ‡ d 1840-1893
245 ‡a Piano concerto
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Local system - User view
User’s cookie specifies Cyrillic/Russian preferred.
Display 700 form, building on local system’s authority structure
, , 1840-1893
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HKCAN
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Possible models - VIAF
• Distributed: independent authority files with Z39.50 search
• Linked: Z39.50 search on linked authority records (increases precision of search)
• Centralized: OAI, union authority file; metadata on server linked to authority files
• Central link: all authority files link to one
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Distributed - independent AF’s with Z39.50 access
SEARCH
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Distributed - independent AF’s with Z39.50 access
RETRIEVE
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Linked
SEARCH
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Linked
RETRIEVE
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Centralized - Union Authority File (OAI Model)
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Central Link
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VIAF Proof of ConceptDDB/LC/OCLC
OAI
Server(s)
LCNAFDDB/PND
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Recommendations1. Test this concept (linked authority files)2. Establish a Z39.50 profile for authority
records3. Work with vendors of online catalogues
to develop authority record creation and user display capability
4. Work with creators of search engines to test this concept /expand inclusion of records in library catalogues in their searches
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Semantic Web Building Blocks
End-user
A&I controlledvocabularies
(Library) authority files
Other controlled vocabularies
“Ontologies”
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Semantic Web Building Blocks
End-user
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Semantic Web Building Blocks
End-user
“Ontologies”
Web search engines
Digital world
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Future