A View of the Cell

Life is Cellular

Discovering the Cell

Robert Hooke– used a

microscope to study cork

– coined the term “cell”

Anton van Leeuwenhoek– first person to discovered life

in water using a microscope

I. Introduction to the Cell

A. Cell Theory

– All organisms are made up of one or more cells.

– Cells are the basic unit of structure & function in organisms.

– All cells come from preexisting cells.

B. Cells differ in size, shape, & organization.

– Cell Size Small cells function more efficiently

than large cells. Smaller is BETTER! Large cells cannot function efficiently

in the transport of materials & waste into and out of the cell.

B. Cells differ in size, shape, & organization.

– Cell Shape The shape of cell depends on its function.

– Most cells contain a variety of membrane bound ORGANELLES - cell parts that perform specific functions for the cell

C. Internal Organization

– A Large Organelle near the center of the cell is the NUCLEUS.  It contains the cell’s genetic information and controls the activities of the cell.

– Whether a cell has or does not have a NUCLEUS is important for classifying cells.

II. Prokaryotes Vs. Eukaryotes

EUKARYOTES – ORGANISMS WHOSE CELL OR CELLS

CONTAIN A NUCLEUS AND OTHER MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES.

– MORE COMPLEX– CAN BE HIGHLY SPECIALIZED– UNICELLULAR OR MULTICELLULAR– PLANTS, ANIMALS, FUNGI, PROTISTS

Prokaryotes Vs. Eukaryotes

PROKARYOTES – ORGANISMS WHOSE CELLS DO NOT

HAVE A NUCLEUS AND OTHER MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES.

– SMALLER AND SIMPLER– UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS SUCH AS

BACTERIA AND BLUE-GREEN ALGAE

The difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes is such an important distinction that they are placed in separate Kingdoms.

Cell Structure (concept map)

Cells

prokaryotic eukaryotic

bacteria organelles

protists

fungi

plants

animals

can be

which are known as

which lack which

contain

which are

found in

WRAP-UP QUESTIONS

What is the smallest most basic unit of life? Where is DNA in eukaryotes? …

prokaryotes? Why would you need a microscope to see a

prokaryotic organism? What are the 3 parts of the cell theory? Where do viruses fit in the cell theory?

Viruses

Virology - study of viruses

Viral Characteristics

Non livingNot made up of cells Cannot grow or replicate on their own Must be reproduced in living cells