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1 1 3 . A VEGETATION SURVEY OF THE SHAG TRACK AREA LITTLE BARRIER ISLAND by Jennifer M. Milne a n d R . H. Ward INTRODUCTION A survey of the vegetation of the S h a g T r a c k a r e a was c a r r i e d o u t i n A u g u s t 1963. The a i m w a s to f i n d t h e regeneration p a t t e r n o f t h e area. The survey began o n t h e E a s t b a n k , near the mouth o f t h e Tirikakawa Stream, and followed the Shag Track westward over the ridge to i t s e n d o n t h e edge of the Te Titoki Flat. METHOD The relative density method of Atkinson, (unpublished) was a p p l i e d a s described by Ward and Milne (1964). The p a t c h o f Coastal Forest (McKelvey and Nicholls, 1957) on the floor of the valley near i t s m o u t h was narrow. S t o p A of section 1 w a s made on the bank o f t h e stream, and stop B was only 30 paces from A, just before the Coastal Forest ended. Stop C came 40 paces later so as to fall within the transitional kanuka/tree fern belt. A l l s u c c e e d i n g stops were made at 50 pace intervals. RESULTS The results are g i v e n i n T a b l e 1 a n d i n f i g u r e s 1-9- DISCUSSION Figure 1 s h o w s very p l a i n l y h o w porrly kanuka is regenerating. Though poles of class 2 a r e fairly numerous, p l a n t s o f class 1 a r e very few. Pittosporum umbe regenerating very actively, with numerous poles and class 1 p l a n t s . It seems likely that as the kanuka regeneration is so poor, Pittosporum umbellatum will become the dominant species i n t h e canopy when t h e p r e s e n t canopy kanukas die out. Coprosma arborea, (Fig 3) w a s most prominent o n t h e planeze, where i t w a s represented better in classes 1 a n d 2 t h a n o n either the eastern or western slopes Mahoe and red matipou show a steady decrease in numbers t h r o u g h t h e f o u r sections. This may be a result of the dryness o f t h e western planeze area and slope, compared with the damper eastern slope a n d t h e area near the banks of the Tirikakawa Stream. Akepiro is well repre- sented i n c l a s s 2 t h r o u g h o u t , but numbers i n c l a s s 1 i m p r o v e to the westward. The distribution of s i l v e r p o n g a c o u l d b e r e l a t e d t o t h e moistness of the s o i l a l s o , as it is very prominent i n s e c t i o n 1, but decreases o n t h e planeze, being absent i n s e c t i o n 3, then appearing again lower down the western slope. The ponga forms a distinct belt between the Pohutukawa and Lepstospermum forests. T h i s b e l t may have helped prev- ent fire spreading from the planeze down i n t o t h e valley. Mingimingi and Cyathodes juniperinum are numerous i n s e c t i o n 2 a n d p r o m i n e n t i n s e c t i o n 4, b u t a r e not well represented i n s e c t i o n 3. The reason for t h i s i s uncertain.

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Page 1: A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE …€¦ · A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE BARRIE ISLANR D by Jennife Milnr M. ane d R. H. Ward INTRODUCTION

1 1 3 .

A V E G E T A T I O N S U R V E Y O F T H E S H A G T R A C K A R E A L I T T L E B A R R I E R I S L A N D

b y J e n n i f e r M . M i l n e a n d R . H . W a r d

I N T R O D U C T I O N

A s u r v e y o f t h e v e g e t a t i o n o f t h e S h a g T r a c k a r e a w a s c a r r i e d o u t i n A u g u s t 1 9 6 3 . T h e a i m w a s t o f i n d t h e r e g e n e r a t i o n p a t t e r n o f t h e a r e a .

T h e s u r v e y b e g a n o n t h e E a s t b a n k , n e a r t h e m o u t h o f t h e T i r i k a k a w a S t r e a m , a n d f o l l o w e d t h e S h a g T r a c k w e s t w a r d o v e r t h e r i d g e t o i t s e n d o n t h e e d g e o f t h e T e T i t o k i F l a t .

M E T H O D

T h e r e l a t i v e d e n s i t y m e t h o d o f A t k i n s o n , ( u n p u b l i s h e d ) w a s a p p l i e d a s d e s c r i b e d b y W a r d a n d M i l n e ( 1 9 6 4 ) . T h e p a t c h o f C o a s t a l F o r e s t ( M c K e l v e y a n d N i c h o l l s , 1 9 5 7 ) o n t h e f l o o r o f t h e v a l l e y n e a r i t s m o u t h w a s n a r r o w . S t o p A o f s e c t i o n 1 w a s m a d e o n t h e b a n k o f t h e s t r e a m , a n d s t o p B w a s o n l y 3 0 p a c e s f r o m A , j u s t b e f o r e t h e C o a s t a l F o r e s t e n d e d . S t o p C c a m e 4 0 p a c e s l a t e r s o a s t o f a l l w i t h i n t h e t r a n s i t i o n a l k a n u k a / t r e e f e r n b e l t . A l l s u c c e e d i n g s t o p s w e r e m a d e a t 5 0 p a c e i n t e r v a l s .

R E S U L T S

T h e r e s u l t s a r e g i v e n i n T a b l e 1 a n d i n f i g u r e s 1 - 9 -

D I S C U S S I O N

F i g u r e 1 s h o w s v e r y p l a i n l y h o w p o r r l y k a n u k a i s r e g e n e r a t i n g . T h o u g h p o l e s o f c l a s s 2 a r e f a i r l y n u m e r o u s , p l a n t s o f c l a s s 1 a r e v e r y f e w . P i t t o s p o r u m umbell-atum, ( F i g 2) i s m o s t s u c c e s s f u l o n t h e w e s t e r n s l o p e s o f t h e p l a n e z e , w h e r e i t i s r e g e n e r a t i n g v e r y a c t i v e l y , w i t h n u m e r o u s p o l e s a n d c l a s s 1 p l a n t s . I t s e e m s l i k e l y t h a t a s t h e k a n u k a r e g e n e r a t i o n i s s o p o o r , P i t t o s p o r u m u m b e l l a t u m w i l l b e c o m e t h e d o m i n a n t s p e c i e s i n t h e c a n o p y w h e n t h e p r e s e n t c a n o p y k a n u k a s d i e o u t . C o p r o s m a a r b o r e a , ( F i g 3) w a s m o s t p r o m i n e n t o n t h e p l a n e z e , w h e r e i t w a s r e p r e s e n t e d b e t t e r i n c l a s s e s 1 a n d 2 t h a n o n e i t h e r t h e e a s t e r n o r w e s t e r n s l o p e s M a h o e a n d r e d m a t i p o u s h o w a s t e a d y d e c r e a s e i n n u m b e r s t h r o u g h t h e f o u r s e c t i o n s . T h i s m a y b e a r e s u l t o f t h e d r y n e s s o f t h e w e s t e r n p l a n e z e a r e a a n d s l o p e , c o m p a r e d w i t h t h e d a m p e r e a s t e r n s l o p e a n d t h e a r e a n e a r t h e b a n k s o f t h e T i r i k a k a w a S t r e a m . A k e p i r o i s w e l l r e p r e ­s e n t e d i n c l a s s 2 t h r o u g h o u t , b u t n u m b e r s i n c l a s s 1 i m p r o v e t o t h e w e s t w a r d . T h e d i s t r i b u t i o n o f s i l v e r p o n g a c o u l d b e r e l a t e d t o t h e m o i s t n e s s o f t h e s o i l a l s o , a s i t i s v e r y p r o m i n e n t i n s e c t i o n 1, b u t d e c r e a s e s o n t h e p l a n e z e , b e i n g a b s e n t i n s e c t i o n 3 , t h e n a p p e a r i n g a g a i n l o w e r d o w n t h e w e s t e r n s l o p e . T h e p o n g a f o r m s a d i s t i n c t b e l t b e t w e e n t h e P o h u t u k a w a a n d Lepstospermum f o r e s t s . T h i s b e l t m a y h a v e h e l p e d p r e v ­e n t f i r e s p r e a d i n g f r o m t h e p l a n e z e d o w n i n t o t h e v a l l e y . M i n g i m i n g i a n d C y a t h o d e s j u n i p e r i n u m a r e n u m e r o u s i n s e c t i o n 2 a n d p r o m i n e n t i n s e c t i o n 4 , b u t a r e n o t w e l l r e p r e s e n t e d i n s e c t i o n 3 . T h e r e a s o n f o r t h i s i s u n c e r t a i n .

Page 2: A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE …€¦ · A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE BARRIE ISLANR D by Jennife Milnr M. ane d R. H. Ward INTRODUCTION

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Page 3: A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE …€¦ · A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE BARRIE ISLANR D by Jennife Milnr M. ane d R. H. Ward INTRODUCTION

S t a t i o n S t o p C a n o p y S u b c a n o p y R e m a r k s

1 A D . P o h u t u k a w a , K a r a k a 4 % C l a s s 2 C l a s s 1 P o h u t u k a w a C o a s t a l

K o h e k o h e 3 . 3% K o h e k o h e 1. 2 % F o r e s t t y p e . S e e K a r a k a 1. 1% K a r a k a 1. 2 % M c K e l v e y & N i c h o l l s

K a r o & r a n g i o r a , T a r a i r e 0 . 6 % . ' '

r a r e . L u x u r i a n t hangehange, k a r a m u , f l a x , r e d m a t i p o u , Kawakawa. O c c a s ­i o n a l N e o p a n a x c o l e n s o i , m a h o e & C o p r o s m a s p p .

B A h u g e p u r i r i , s m a l l k a r a k a , A c o n t i n u a t i o n o f t h a t f o u n d a t s t o p A . C o a s t a l F o r e s t T y p e , m a h o e , a n d 2 l a r g e k a n u k a . P o h u t u k a w a w a s c o n ­

f i n e d t o t h e v a l l e y b o t t o m a t t h e m o u t h o f t h e s t r e a m .

C K a n u k a 1 0 0 % D e n s e s u b c a n o p y o f c l a s s 2 t r e e f e r n s . T r a n s i t i o n a l b e l t o f P r a c t i c a l l y n o u n d e r g r o w t h . ( L a c k o f k a n u k a / t r e e f e r n f r o m l i g h t ? ) s t o p B t o s t o p C .

D D . k a n u k a , w i t h r e w a r e w a F i v e f i n g e r , a k e p i r o , C o p r o s m a r h a m - K a n u k a S c r u b . & P i t t o s p o r u m u m b e l l a t u m . n o i d e s . O n e A l s e u o s m i a m a c r o p h y l l a

( c l a s s 1 ) , & m i n g i m i n g i ( 1 . 2 % o f c l a s s 1)

E K a n u k a s c r u b a s a t S t o p D .

Page 4: A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE …€¦ · A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE BARRIE ISLANR D by Jennife Milnr M. ane d R. H. Ward INTRODUCTION

K a n u k a 1 0 0 % , 1 " - 6 " diameter- C l a s s 2 C l a s s 1 e t e r , y o u n g e r t h a n i n s e c - ,

\1 ° . . . r . K a n u k a 1 2 . 2 % K a n u k a 1. 2 % t i o n I B . P o s s i b l y f i r e s w e p t _ _ _ „ _ —

1 , * C o p r o s m a 3 3 % C . a r b o r e a 2 0 . 5 % t h i s a r e a m o r e r e c e n t l y , b u t : — — ; ; — , „

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L e s s n u m e r o u s w e r e - P i t t o s p o r u m u m b e l ­l a t u m , h a n g e h a n g e , A l s e u o s m i a macro¬ phylla, w h i t e m a i r e , m i n g i m i n g i , h e k e t a r a , k a r a m u .

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m ~ J P . u m b e l l a t u m 8 . 8 % P . u m b e l l a t u m F i v e f i n g e r 47c — ~ , ^ ™ . . F i v e f i n g e r o . o-7c u m 2 . 37c T h i s s e c t i o n c r o s s e d R e d m a t i p o u 1 1 % F i v e f i n g e r 4 . 9 % t h e p l a n e z e . A k e p i r o 1 1 % R e d m a t i p o u 1 2 %

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K a n u k a 1 0 0 % a t s t o p s A , E , & F . P i t t o s p o r u m u m b e l l a t u m - 3 7 . 8% o f c l a s s 2 , 6 s t o p s f r o m w e s t -

5 0 % a t s t o p s B , C , & D . 2 9 . 9% o f c l a s s 1. C y a t h o d e s j u n i p e r i n u m w a s e r n s i d e o f p l a n e z e P . u m b e l l a t u m v e r y p r o m i n e n t i n c l a s s 1. A k e p i r o , Mingimingi- d o w n w e l l - d r a i n e d

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Page 5: A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE …€¦ · A VEGETATIO SURVEN OYF TH SHAE G TRAC AREK A LITTLE BARRIE ISLANR D by Jennife Milnr M. ane d R. H. Ward INTRODUCTION

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T h e v e g e t a t i o n m a p i n t h e D . S . I . R . b u l l e t i n c l a s s i f i e s t h e f o r e s t a t t h e e a s t e n d o f t h e S h a g T r a c k a s Lepstospermum w i t h p o h u t u k a w a e m e r g i n g t h r o u g h t h e c a n o p y . T h i s a g r e e d w i t h o u r f i n d i n g s i n s e c t i o n 1. T h e r e s t o f t h e t r a c k c o n s i s t e d o f k a n u k a o v e r t o p p i n g n u m e r o u s s p e c i e s , o f w h i c h P i t t o s p o r u m u m b e l l a t u m w a s t h e m o s t s u c c ­e s s f u l a n d w i l l p r o b a b l y r e p l a c e k a n u k a i n t h e c a n o p y i n d u e c o u r s e .

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T h e a u t h o r s w i s h t o t h a n k M r s . W . M i l n e f o r t y p i n g t h e m a n u s c r i p t , a n d M r . P . P a r i s h f o r h e l p i n g w i t h t h e f i e l d w o r k .

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W A R D , R . H . 8t M I L N E , J . M . 1 9 6 4 . A P r e l i m i n a r y Q u a n t i t a t i v e S u r v e y o f t h e V e g e t a t i o n o f t h e A w a r o a B a s i n , L i t t l e B a r r i e r I s l a n d . T a n e 1 O p . 8 8 - 1 12