a soldier’s gps battlefield benefits and applications of the global positioning system michael...
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![Page 1: A Soldier’s GPS Battlefield Benefits and Applications of the Global Positioning System Michael Short Past, Present, and Future](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062713/56649cc05503460f94986645/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A Soldier’s GPSA Soldier’s GPS
Battlefield Benefits and Battlefield Benefits and Applications of the Global Applications of the Global
Positioning SystemPositioning System
Michael Short
Past, Present, and Future
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Iraq, 1991Iraq, 1991
PAST
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Stormin’ Norman’s Left HookStormin’ Norman’s Left Hook
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GPS’ RoleGPS’ Role
• “Hail Mary” play
• 200,000 troops, with 60 days’ worth of equipment
• 100 hours
• Fastest and largest advance in the history of warfare
• Even Rommel would be impressed
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PRESENTPRESENT
• Perfect comparison: Afghan & Iraq 2
• Focus on tactical uses
• Increased dependence = vulnerability?
• Widespread availability problems
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State of the ArtState of the Art-Bulky, 20-lb boxes in 1991
-Today, PLGR (plugger) is portable, durable
-Precision Lightweight GPS Receiver
-1 per company (180 soldiers) in Desert Storm
-Now, 1 per squadron (9 soldiers)
Can FRS 142 outmaneuver the Army?
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Gulf Wars – GPS AdvancementGulf Wars – GPS Advancement
DESERT STORM• Reports via radio,
plots on paper map• 9% precision guided• Time lapse
pinpointing targets• Strategic navigation
IRAQI FREEDOM• GPS radio automatic,
digital screen maps• 70% precision guided• Target coordinates
acquired via GPS• Tactical Navigation
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Tactical UsesTactical Uses
• Navigation• Target Designation• Artillery/mortar
guidance• Battlefield
coordination
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Achilles’ Heel?Achilles’ Heel?
• Dependence on technology
• What if it can be taken away?– Jamming– Spoofing– Hacking
• Double edged sword– Public availability
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Jammers in IraqJammers in Iraq
• “If a country has a Radio Shack, it will have a jammer.”
• Russian jammers– Can block signal acquisition from
124 miles away, clear LOS– But not once the signal has been
acquired
• The bomb still falls.
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CounterjammingCounterjamming
• Jammer emits a signal = death• “nulling” antenna arrays• G-STAR redirects the missile’s receiver• Ground troops more crude
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The Double Edged SwordThe Double Edged Sword
• Whose GPS is it, anyway?
• A competent opponent could use it against us
• Indeed, could FRS 142 defeat an army?– Turn off selective availability
• But still fairly accurate– Not enough for a cruise missile, but so what?
• Some encoding is possible
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Galileo LivesGalileo Lives
• Europe’s bitter– Want their own 30-
satellite constellation
• Problems– Greater availability to
the enemy– Access not restricted
at all
• Top notch accuracy
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Benefits and DangersBenefits and Dangers• Top benefit: 95% urban availability
– Currently more like 55%
• Top danger: availability to enemy forces– Even Europe could become the enemy– China might get involved…
• Current solution:– Gripe about it and beg Europe not to do it
My Solution:Satellites with missiles to shoot down the enemy GPS satellites.
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FUTUREFUTURE
• Complete battlefield digitization– Force XXI Battle Command, Battle and Below
(FBCB2)
• Soldier as a complete unit– Land Warrior
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FBCB2FBCB2
• Touch screen battle control
• Total battlefield awareness
• Elimination of friendly fire
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Digitized DivisionsDigitized Divisions
• 2001 Exercises at Fort Irwin– Red Team falls to digital Blue Team
• IV Infantry Division– Almost saw fighting in Iraqi Freedom
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Land WarriorLand Warrior
• Completely integrated soldiers
• Urban combat advantages
• Most deadly soldiers in history
• Fewer troops needed, fewer troops lost
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XBOX: Coming to a Battlefield Near XBOX: Coming to a Battlefield Near YouYou