A smart Multi-hop hierarchical routing protocol for Efficient VIdeo

communication over wireless multimedia sensor networks - MEVI

D. Rosário, R. Costa, H. Paraense, K. Machado,

E. Cerqueira and T. Braun

OverviewIntroductionRelated WorkMEVI - Concept and Protocol

OperationEvaluationConclusions

Introduction to WMSNs IMultimedia content has growing

importance. Availability of inexpensive

hardware such as sensors, CMOS cameras, and microphones allow capturing multimedia sensor data from the environment.

Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) for carrying multimedia data needed

Introduction to WMSNs IIMultimedia content can enhance

sensor data information collected.WMSNs will enable a wide range of

potential applications in both civilian and military areas, which require audio and video information, e.g.,◦ Traffic management◦ Environmental monitoring◦ Video surveillance◦ Industrial process control◦ Smart cities

WMSN Challenges IMultimedia content generates

huge amount of data to be transmitted over WMSNs.

WMSNs are restricted in terms of◦Energy◦Bandwidth◦Memory◦Processing capabilities

An event-driven approach should be used to avoid redundant video transmission.

WMSN Challenges IIEfficient and reliable

communication between the nodes should be used considering◦Multi-hop communications◦Cross-layer mechanism to select

routesDelivery of multimedia content

with a minimal level of quality according to QoS and QoE metrics.

WMSN Challenges IIIExisting hierarchical routing

protocols have certain drawbacks◦High overhead for cluster creation◦Lack of efficient multi-hop

communication◦Lack of an efficient cross-layer

approach to select routes based on information about link quality level, available energy, energy consumption

Multi-hop hierarchical routing protocol for Efficient VIdeo communication (MEVI) IMEVI considers

◦use of heterogeneous nodes◦hierarchical architecture◦event-based application

MEVI addresses mentioned drawbacks and provides◦Scalability◦Reliability◦High quality videos◦Energy-efficiency

Multi-hop hierarchical routing protocol for Efficient VIdeo communication (MEVI) IIMEVI concepts

◦Opportunistic scheme for cluster formation with a minimal overhead

◦Multi-hop communication between cluster heads (CHs) and base station (BS)

◦Cross-layer scheme to select routes based on link quality and energy parameters

Related Work

Related WorkLEACH EEQAR PEMuR

Multimedia data transmission

Periodically Periodically Periodically

Cluster formation

Distributed Distributed Centralized

Messages for cluster formation

BeaconJoinSchedule

Not Specified

Schedule from BS and from CHAdvertisementElected CHJoin

Multi-hop Single-hop Multi-hop Multi-hop

Cross-layer to select routes

n/a QoS Residual Energy

11

MEVI – Concept and Protocol Operation

Target Scenario

Protocol Operation IMultimedia transmissions are triggered by

sensors.Two operational modes

◦ Normal mode Multimedia transmission is requested by BS when a

possibility of an event occurrence is detected (soft threshold).

◦ Event mode Nodes start multimedia transmissions when event has

been detected (hard threshold).

Two communication periods◦ Intra-cluster◦ Inter-cluster

Protocol Operation II

Intra-Cluster Communication IPeriod designated to nodes (non-

CHs)◦Cluster creation◦Cluster members send sensed values

to CHs.Clusters are created with minimal

overhead using an opportunistic scheme based on transmissions of ◦Beacons and◦Data

Intra-Cluster Communication II

Inter-Cluster Communication IPeriod when CHs and BS

communicate with each other using multi-hop communication. ◦CHs send aggregate packets to BS.◦BS requests multimedia content for a

CH.◦CH sends multimedia data.

Inter-Cluster Communication IIMEVI exploits a reactive scheme

to find routes from CHs to BS on-demand.

Reactive route discovery applies usual scheme using route request and reply messages.

Each path has associated a Path Quality (PQ), which is used to identify best routes.

Performance Evaluation

Simulation Parameters

secondseconds

Network Lifetime – Scenario 1

Network Lifetime – Scenario 2

Video Quality Level

Video Quality Level: SSIMVideo quality for a node, which is

36 m away from BS

Video Quality Level: VQM

Video Quality

A smart Multi-hop hierarchical routing protocol for Efficient VIdeo

communication over wireless multimedia sensor networks - MEVI

D. Rosário, R. Costa, H. Paraense, K. Machado,

E. Cerqueira and T. Braun (braun@iam.unibe.ch)