A Seminar onA Seminar on

IP-TVIP-TV[Internet Protocol-Television][Internet Protocol-Television]

For Academic SessionFor Academic Session2007-20082007-2008

Submitted toSubmitted to: : Submitted bySubmitted by:: Prof. R. L. DUA § Hemant Sharma Prof. R. L. DUA § Hemant Sharma

(HOD) § B.E. Final Year (HOD) § B.E. Final YearDeptt. Of Elec. & Comm. Engg. § Elec. & Comm.Deptt. Of Elec. & Comm. Engg. § Elec. & Comm.

YIT, Jaipur Engg.YIT, Jaipur Engg.

YAGYAVALKYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYYAGYAVALKYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYYIT Lane, Opp.Chokhi Dhani, RIICO Indust. Area,YIT Lane, Opp.Chokhi Dhani, RIICO Indust. Area,

Sitapura, Jaipur-302022Sitapura, Jaipur-302022

ABOUT TV !ABOUT TV !

Television (TV): specifies the medium of communication Television (TV): specifies the medium of communication that operates through the transmission of information to that operates through the transmission of information to

the users as pictures and sounds for their interpretation &the users as pictures and sounds for their interpretation &entertainment.entertainment.

MODES OF TV TRANSMISSIONMODES OF TV TRANSMISSION Historic view-TV transmission from towers, Historic view-TV transmission from towers, distribution over a cable n/w or beamed directlydistribution over a cable n/w or beamed directly from Satellite (VSAT).from Satellite (VSAT).Modern view-TV, Telephone services & highModern view-TV, Telephone services & high speed internet access will be delivered over speed internet access will be delivered over present broadband DSL Network on a single present broadband DSL Network on a single connection.connection.

Types Of Types Of TransmissionTransmission

MULTICASTING-MULTICASTING- A multicast stream is sent to a multicast group internet A multicast stream is sent to a multicast group internet address. When a user selects a live channel, a request to join the group address. When a user selects a live channel, a request to join the group of viewers associated with the relevant multicast address is sent from the of viewers associated with the relevant multicast address is sent from the set top box to the equipment in the local telephone exchange.set top box to the equipment in the local telephone exchange.

UNICASTING-UNICASTING- A video-on-demand service is unique to each viewer & A video-on-demand service is unique to each viewer & delivered as a unicast stream. It is sent to a single internet address in delivered as a unicast stream. It is sent to a single internet address in response to a request from the receiver.response to a request from the receiver.

Evolution [of the TV]

Mechanical Televisor7:3 aspect ratio

1884-1928 1935

Electronic TV4:3 aspect ratio

1953

NTSC ColorStandard

2000

Digital, HDTV16:9 aspect ratio

2006

IPTV

t

IPTV ≠ Evolution –> IPTV = Redefinition of “Broadcast”

The Origin of IP-TVThe Origin of IP-TV

CONVERGENCECONVERGENCE

IP-TV

CABLE(VIDEO)MEDIA

TELCO(VOICE)

TELECOM

ISP(DATA)

IT

Definition of IP-TVDefinition of IP-TVIPTV essentially has two components:IPTV essentially has two components: Part 1: Internet Protocol (IP): specifies the format Part 1: Internet Protocol (IP): specifies the format

of packets and the addressing scheme. The of packets and the addressing scheme. The protocol establishes a virtual connection protocol establishes a virtual connection between a destination and a source. IP allows between a destination and a source. IP allows you to address a package of information and you to address a package of information and drop it in the system, but there’s no direct link drop it in the system, but there’s no direct link between you and the recipient.between you and the recipient.

Part 2: Television (TV): specifies the medium of Part 2: Television (TV): specifies the medium of communication that operates through the communication that operates through the transmission of pictures and sounds. We all know transmission of pictures and sounds. We all know TV, but here we are referring to the services that TV, but here we are referring to the services that are offered for the TV, like linear and on-demand are offered for the TV, like linear and on-demand programming.programming.

1. Broadband – The key element

As per TRAI: “An always-on data connection that is able to

support interactive services, and has the capability of minimum download speed of 256 kbps”

Note: This definition for throughput may undergo up

gradation in the future.

Technologies involved in IP-TV :

2. xDSL

• xDSL Family Tree• Symmetric DSL

• Provide identical data rates upstream & downstream

• Asymmetric DSL• Provide relatively lower rates upstream but higher

rates downstream

• Four main variations of xDSL exist:• ADSL-Asymmetrical Digital Sub’s Line• HDSL-High bit/data rate Digital Sub’s Line• SDSL-- Symmetric Digital Sub’s Line• VDSL-Very-high-data-rate Digital Sub’s Line

Some DSL StandardsSome DSL Standards

TypeType Max speed Max speed Downstream Downstream

(Mbps)(Mbps)

Max speed Max speed Upstream Upstream

(Mbps)(Mbps)

ADSLADSL 88 1.01.0

ADSL2ADSL2 1212 3.53.5

ADSL2+ADSL2+ 2424 3.53.5

VDSLVDSL 5252 1212

VDSL2VDSL2 100100 100100

ADSL Modulation

Upstream

Frequency (KHz)

DownstreamVoice

0 4 25 138 139

No

of

Bit

s

15

1104

6 37

16

69 kHzUpstream

Tone

64

276 kHzDownstream

Tone

38 255

ADSL2+ Potential

1 Km 2 Km 3 Km 4 Km 5 Km 6 KmLoop Length, Km

8

12

ADSL

ADSL2

ADSL2+

24

Data Rate, Mbps(downstream)

ADSL2(annex L)

Enhancements to traditional ADSL

Boost Maximum performance (Down/Up) 12Mbps/1Mbps or 8Mbps/3Mbps

Improved DSL Access to both Residential and Business users

Enhancements to traditional ADSL

Boost Maximum performance (Down/Up) 12Mbps/1Mbps or 8Mbps/3Mbps

Improved DSL Access to both Residential and Business users

Provides ADSL service over longer loop lengths Provides ADSL service over longer loop lengths

ADSL2+ FeatureApproved by ITU-T in July 2002Operate within 2.2Mhz spectrum

Minimized disturbance to/from ADSL

ADSL2+ PotentialADSL2+ Potential

Basic Architecture of ADSLBasic Architecture of ADSL

Extension of ADSL to IP-TV

Splitter ADSLMODEMRJ 11 RJ 11

RJ 11

RJ 11

RJ 45

Line

Single User with Voice and Data

Splitter ADSLMODEM

STB

RJ 11 RJ 11

RJ 11 RJ 45 RJ 45

RJ 45

AV Port

Single User with Voice, Data and Video

Line RJ 11

Splitter ADSLMODEM

Switch

Multi user BusinessCustomer

Line

RJ 11 RJ 11

RJ 11

RJ 45

Triple Play

ADSL Splitter

ADSL ModemIPTV Set Top Box (STB)

Internet

Voice service

Video

Landline

highpassfilter

LINEDSL

lowpassfilter

TELE

Circuit Diagram of Splitter

Splitter Separates the 300 Hz to 3500 Hz

voice channel from upstream and downstream channels

Reduces traffic congestion Pass voice, dial tone, ringing and

on/off hook signals Consists of a lowpass filter (LPF)

for POTS and a highpass filter (HPF) for upstream/downstream channels

Passive device

IP-TV NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

COMPRESSION TECHNOLOGY

• H.264 is mainly used• It has 50% more compression

efficiency as compared to MPEG-2• Picture quality is retained at low

bit rates• It enables the broadcast of HD

over IPTV

Comparison between H.264 & MPEG2

H.264 MPEG2Variety of entropy schemes used

Fixed entropy technique used

Smaller block size varies (4*4,16*16)

Fixed block size (16*16)

Have in-block deblocking No such feature

Computationally demanding Computationally less demanding

Supports HDTV Transmission Supports SDTV Transmission

Resolution of 2000,000 pixels

Resolution of 210,000 pixels

Broadcast in 16:9 format Broadcast in 14:3 format

SECURITY ISSUES

• DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT(DRM)

• WATERMARKING

Content Services in Triple PlayContent Services in Triple PlayBroadcast typeBroadcast type

IPTV Pay TV Hi-Fi Radio Electronic Programme

Guide (EPG) Multicast Streaming Live Streaming for VOD Progressive

Downloads(Video , gaming,music downloads)

On Demand type Interactive VOD Scheduled Play-out( n-VOD) Scheduled Capture ( n-PVR) Client side Personal Video Recording Pay per View(PPV) Games on Demand Time Shifted TV Others ( Music Download,Music of

Demand,Karaoke on Demand,TV based internet access, caller ID pop up)Interactive type

Interactive TV Video Conferencing Interactive Online Network

Gaming Interactive E-Learning Interactive E-Shopping Tele-Medicine

Internet and Voice types VoIP Browsing on TV E-mail/SMS/MMS from TV Caller ID Popup

Recommendations, Rating, Recommendations, Rating, Time Boxing A Guide That Time Boxing A Guide That Actually Guides You! Actually Guides You!

UserUser ExperienceExperience

Advantages of Advantages of IPTVIPTV

Traditional TV Distribution IPTV

Proprietary STB leaseProprietary STB lease Proprietary systemsProprietary systems Tied to single STB vendor technology Tied to single STB vendor technology

roadmaproadmap

Cheaper STBCheaper STB Scale efficiencies and merchant Scale efficiencies and merchant

components will ensure cheaper components will ensure cheaper devices and better availabilitydevices and better availability

Thin client will be embedded in Thin client will be embedded in various devices (such as XBox)various devices (such as XBox)

Broadcast architectureBroadcast architecture No 1:1 potential without monumental No 1:1 potential without monumental

upgrade costupgrade cost Video delivery separate from dataVideo delivery separate from data Difficult to integrate with Web/PC content Difficult to integrate with Web/PC content

and servicesand services Would need to shift analog subs to digital Would need to shift analog subs to digital

to free up bandwidth for IP video (hence to free up bandwidth for IP video (hence free digital STBs offers to move subs off of free digital STBs offers to move subs off of analog spectrum)analog spectrum)

Shifting to IP Video requires new IP-STBShifting to IP Video requires new IP-STB

1:1 communication will 1:1 communication will enableenable

Targeted custom TV services and Targeted custom TV services and commercecommerce

Collection of usage data Collection of usage data Simplified integration of IP content Simplified integration of IP content

and services (ITV - weather, games, and services (ITV - weather, games, photos, music etc. on TV)photos, music etc. on TV)

Little or no interoperabilityLittle or no interoperability TV integrated with TV integrated with broadband home devicesbroadband home devices

The IP STB is the TV’s gateway to The IP STB is the TV’s gateway to digital music, home videos and digital music, home videos and photosphotos

IPTV Reinvents Entertainment in the HomeIPTV Reinvents Entertainment in the Home

WHY IP-TV ?Analogue Era Digital Era

Film, Tape Data streams, Files

Signals Packets

Scheduled On-Demand

Push Pull

Channels Programs, Clips

Closed Networks Open Networks

The Forces are Right

New compression technologies

reducebandwidthrequired

These developmen

ts create video andconsumer

data growth opportunitie

s

New distribution

architecturesallow delivery

of higher bandwidth at a lower

cost

Global demand speeds

innovation and drives down the cost curve

Bandwidth Requirement

s

Global Development

Deployment Costs

Growth Potential

Thank You !