a robot’s view of our - princeton plasma physics laboratoryour global ocean…-covers 71% of the...
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A Robot’s View of Our
Ocean Planet
Dr. Josh T. Kohut
Rutgers University
MANY MANY MANY OTHERS
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How Many Oceans Are there?
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Our Global Ocean…
- covers 71% of the Earth's surface.
- contains 97% of the Earth's water.
- has an average depth of 12,430 feet.
- supports a great diversity of life and ecosystems.
- is a major influence on weather and climate, making earth habitable.
- has had less than 10% explored by humans.
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Aquatic systems are complex
Thanks to the Neptune team
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Exploring our Global Ocean: The Early Days
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Discrete vs. Continuous
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Now for what really happened…
(Continuous Data)
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Ocean Weather
Models and
Forecasts
Real-time
Ocean Data We want to see the Ocean in 4D
Improved Ocean Applications
and Ecosystem Research
Oil Spill Response
Coast Guard Search and Rescue
Fisheries Science and Management
Climate and Storm Research
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Vessels - Satellite
Satellite
Ships/ Vessels
REMUS
Modeling
Leadership
CODAR
Glider
Data Vis.
Security
Education
CODAR Network Glider Fleet L-Band & X-Band Satellite Receivers
3-D Nowcasts & Forecasts
Rutgers University - Coastal Ocean Observation Lab
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Seeing the Ocean in Color - Satellites
Sea Surface Temperature
Ocean Color
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Ocean Movement - CODAR
Surface Ocean Currents
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What is a glider?
• Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV)
• Propels itself without a propeller
• Moves slowly through the water collecting data as it goes
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Buoyancy pump in the
glider pulls in 0.5 L of water
Glider begins to
dive downward
Push pump out glider inflects
and begins to climb to the surface
When surfacing to
connect glider inflates
air bladder
How gliders “fly”
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CTD
Fore Hull
Altimeter
Air Bladder
Control
Board
Science
Payload Bay
Fin
Cowling Aft Hull
Buoyancy
Pump
Antenna (Iridium,
Freewave, GPS &
Argos)
Anatomy of a Glider
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Slocum Electric Glider Communication
Iridium Antenna
ARGOS and FreeWave Antennas
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RU-COOL Global Slocum Glider Fleet Deployments
Gulf of Mexico – Deep Water Horizon Hurricanes and Nor’easters
Extreme Environments – Antarctica Long Duration Missions
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Oil Spill Status : NOAA Guidance
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22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Sea Surface Temperature (⁰Celsius)
Glider
Gliders
Drifters
Argo Floats
HF Radar
Deepwater Horizon: Ocean Forecasts
Temperature
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Hurricane Irene Facts
• First tropical storm to threaten NYC since
Hurricane Gloria in 1985
• Flooding records broken in 26 rivers
• Caused at least 56 deaths
• Damage nearly $8 billion
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Water Quality – Tracking Hurricane Irene
Dissolved Oxygen
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Temperature
Water Quality – Tracking Hurricane Irene
Temperature
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Hurricane Irene SST Sensitivity Hindcast
Maximum
Wind Speed
Skill Score
Official
Forecast
Warm SST
Hindcast
Warm SST +
OML Model
Hindcast
Cold SST
Hindcast
RMS Error (knots) 9.43 7.13 7.09 3.61
Global Warm SST Regional Cold SST
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Hurricane Sandy (2012)
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Sandy:
1 day before
landfall
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RU23 Glider
Deployment
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RU23 Glider
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Warm SST Cold SST
Switch
Hurricane Sandy Hindcast: SST Sensitivity
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Last Week’s Nor’easter
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RU-COOL Global Slocum Glider Fleet Deployments
Gulf of Mexico – Deep Water Horizon Hurricanes and Nor’easters
Extreme Environments – Antarctica Long Duration Missions
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Monitoring our
Changing Planet
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40
31
22
13
4
24 Hour Winds (knots)
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Glider deployments
in a unique ecosystem
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Adaptive Sampling of Penguin Habitats
Penguin
Foraging
locations
Kahl et al., 2010
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RU-COOL Global Slocum Glider Fleet Deployments
Gulf of Mexico – Deep Water Horizon Hurricanes and Nor’easters
Extreme Environments – Antarctica Long Duration Missions
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Long-duration Glider Missions - Undergraduate Education RU15 - New Jersey to Halifax – 2008
RU17 - New Jersey to Azores (Almost) - 2008
RU27 - New Jersey to Europe - 2009
RU17
The Scarlet Knight
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Glider Development: Enabling science over many scales (Beginning 2009) North Atlantic Basin (5000 km)
300 day missions
Scientific Impact: • Feedback loop between climate and ecosystems
• Impact of rapid climate variability on ocean
circulation
• Tropical storm generation and intensification
(ocean/atmosphere exchange)
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Mission Complete: Scarlet Knight is the first underwater robot
to cross an ocean basin
221 Days
7,409 km
11,000 Dives
11,000 Climbs
Energy Equivalent of 8 minutes
power for lights on the
Rockefeller Center Tree.
Tuckerton, New Jersey, USA Baiona, Galicia, Spain
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Building an International Community
Exciting the Next Generation in Science and Engineering
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Mission Complete: Scarlet Knight is the first underwater robot
to cross an ocean basin A hero’s Welcome, December 9, 2009
Baiona,
Spain
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Global Challenger Glider Mission
16 Legs with
16 Global-Class
Gliders
Creating the Next Generation of Ocean Explorers
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RU-COOL Global Slocum Glider Fleet Deployments
Gulf of Mexico – Deep Water Horizon Hurricanes and Nor’easters
Extreme Environments – Antarctica Long Duration Missions
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Thank You!
http://rucool.marine.rutgers.edu