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CAA – USBI IXTAC

INGLÉS II Unidad 2

En esta unidad revisamos como…

A Preguntar la frecuencia de actividades:

Las frases de frecuencia por lo general expresan que tan a menudo se realiza una actividad.

Do you remember the frequency adverbs? If not:

ALWAYS / USUALLY / OFTEN / SOMETIMES / SELDOM / RARELY / NEVER

Do you remember other phrases of frequency? If not:

ONCE A WEEK / TWICE A WEEK / THREE TIMES A MONTH / FOUR TIMES A YEAR / EVERYDAY

Recuerda que….

Las frases de frecuencia responden a la pregunta How often….? o Do you ever…?

Los adverbios de frecuencia normalmente se ponen antes del verbo. Es decir, antes de la actividad que se

realiza.

Ejemplos:

- How often do you go to the movies? // Do you ever go to the movies?

always

usually

often

* I sometimes go to the movies.

seldom

rarely

never

- How often does Maria prepare lunch? // Does Maria ever prepare lunch?

always

usually

often

* She sometimes prepares lunch.

seldom

rarely

never

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Recuerda que….

Las otras frases de frecuencia se ponen al final de la oración. Ejemplos:

- How often do you go to the movies? // Do you ever go to the movies?

once a week.

* I go to the movies twice a month.

three times a month.

- How often does Maria prepare lunch? // Does Maria ever prepare lunch?

once a week.

* She prepares lunch twice a month.

three times a month.

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B Diferenciar entre sustantivos que se pueden contar y los que no se pueden contar:

¿Recuerdas la diferencia que existe entre este vocabulario?

Recuerda que….

Hay sustantivos que se pueden contar (countable nouns), tienen tanto forma de singular como de plural.

Ejemplos:

Eggs

Oranges

Potatoes

Sandwiches

Hay sustantivos que no se pueden contar (uncountable nouns), es decir, no poseen la forma de plural.

Ejemplos:

Water

Honey

Rice

Cereal

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Recuerda que….

Para comprender este tema necesitamos saber distinguir entre sustantivos contables e incontables.

Sustantivos contables Sustantivos incontables

Son aquellas cosas que puedes

contar:

dog: a dog or one dog, two dogs,

three dogs, etc. (perro: un perro, dos

perros, tres perros, etc.)

chair: a chair or one chair, five

chairs, twelve chairs, etc. (silla: una

silla, cinco sillas, doce sillas, etc.)

Son los sustantivos que no puedes contar

como: material, información, conceptos,

etc. Se les considera como sustantivos en “masa”. Por ejemplo:

butter (mantequilla), money (dinero),

time (tiempo), chocolate, sugar (azúcar),

sand (arena), wine (vino), wáter (agua),

oxigen (oxígeno), music (música),

cheese (queso), wood (madera), salt (sal), etc.

C Utilizar “How much” and “How many”

How much y How many únicamente se utilizan en la forma interrogativa: How much…?

Se emplea para preguntar acerca de

sustantivos incontables.

Si observas bien, el sustantivo incontable

siempre está en singular: coffee, wine,

electricity, work.

How much coffee do you drink in the morning?

How much wine did France produce

last year?

How much electricity do they

consume every month?

How much work do you have?

How many…?

Se emplea para preguntar acerca de

sustantivos contables.

Si observas bien, el sustantivo contable está siempre

en plural: cups, pants, apples, pictures, children.

How many cups of coffee do you drink a day? How many pants did you buy in the last sale?

How many apples are there in the fruit bowl?

How many pictures did you take last summer?

How many children do you have?

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Exercise:

1) Practice questions using the following vocabulary:

Si es necesario, solicita que un

maestro-asesor te revise las preguntas

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D Preguntar y responder cantidades usando sustantivos contables e incontables

Observa y estudia la siguiente tabla:

Ahora observa y estudia los siguientes ejemplos:

Recuerda que…. A lot = Mucho/mucha, muchos/muchas. Se usa en cualquier tipo de oraciones afirmativas, negativas y preguntas. Y con

sustantivos contables e incontables.

Many significa= muchos/muchas. Usamos many para lo que SÍ se puede contar.

Much significa= mucho/mucha. Usamos much para sustantivos que NO se pueden contar.

Many y Much se usan en oraciones negativas y preguntas.

A little = Poco. Usamos a little para sustantivos que NO se pueden contar.

A few= Pocos/Pocas. Usamos a few para sustantivos que SÍ se pueden contar.

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Algunos ejemplos:

A: How much exercise do you do a week?

B: I do a lot of exercise.

A: How many pears do you eat a week?

B: I don’t eat any pears. I eat a lot of apples.

A: How much free time do you have during the week?

B: Not much. I am always busy.

A: How many cigarettes do you smoke everyday?

B: I don´t smoke many cigarettes. I smoke a few…

A: How much water does Teresa drink during the day?

B: Not much. She usually drinks a little water.

A: How many students does Bert have today?

B: He has a few students on line today.

A: Why is Stuart very thin?

B: Because he eats very little.

A: How many photographs did you take??

B: I didn’t take many photos because it was rainy.

I would like to take a lot of photos when it is sunny.

A: Would you like some pizza?

B: Yes, please. I’ll have some pizza.

A: Do you have any questions?

B: Yes! I have some.

Recuerda que…. Se puede convertir un sustantivo incontable a contable. Observa las siguientes imágenes:

Ejemplos:

CORRECTO INCORRECTO

I’ll have a glass of water.

She needs a loaf of bread.

Please, get a carton of milk.

Would you like a jar of honey?

I’ll have a water.

She needs a bread.

Please, get a milk.

Would you like a honey?

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E Seleccionar y preguntar por el objeto a que se refiere:

¿Recuerdas los demostrativos?

Recuerda que…. Podemos preguntar o contestar solamente señalándolo o bien siendo evidente de que se pregunta, utilizando:

THIS ONE / THAT ONE por algún objeto en singular.

THESE ONES / THOSE ONES por objetos en plural.

Ejemplos en singular: Ejemplos en plural:

A: How much is that red dress?

B: That one is $95.

Or…

A: How much is that one?

B: That one is $95.

A: How much are those brown shoes?

B: Those ones are $75.

Or…

A: How much are those ones?

B: Those ones are $75.

A: How much is this wallet?

B: This one is $18.20.

Or…

A: How much is this one?

B: It is $18.20.

A: How much are these necklaces?

B: These ones are $105.

Or…

A: How much are these ones?

B: They are $105.

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F Ordenar alimentos en un restaurante:

Waiter: Can I help you?

Customer: Yes, I’d like a green salad.

Waiter: Certainly. Anything to drink?

Customer: Yes, a cup of coffee, please.

Waiter: Would you like some dessert?

Customer: A piece of chocolate cake, please.

Waiter: Anything else?

Customer: No, thank you.

Waiter: Ok. A green salad, a cup of coffee and a piece of

Chocolate cake. Here you are. Enjoy your meal!

Customer: Thank you.

………

Customer: Can I have the bill, please?

Waiter: Of course, here you are.

Examples of Food

a salad

a fruit cocktail

a piece of sweet bread

a piece of pie

a steak with French fries

a hot dog

a chicken sandwich

some cookies

some hotcakes

French fries

Some Drinks

a bottle of water

a cup of tea

a beer

a milkshake

a lemonade

a cappuccino

a glass of orange juice

a small coke

a large coke

a soda

Recuerda que….

Would you like….? es la expresión que se utiliza para ofrecer algo (¿Le / Te gustaría…?)

I’d like…. se utiliza al responder (Me gustaría….o Quisiera…)

I’ll have… se utiliza al responder (Yo pediré…)

Anything to drink? con esta expresión se pregunta si se quiere algo de beber.

Anything else? con esta expresión se pregunta si se quiere algo más.

Here you are. esta expresión significa Aquí tiene.

Enjoy your meal, se utiliza para decir Disfrute su comida.

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G Ubicar lugares utilizando preposiciones de lugar Preposiciones de lugar son palabras para ubicar donde está algo. on – encima de

under – debajo de

in – en / dentro

inside – adentro

outside – afuera

in front of – en frente de

behind – atrás

across from – del otro lado

opposite – del otro lado

next to – al lado

on the corner of – en la esquina

between – entre (dos)

among – entre muchos

around – alrededor

on the right – a la derecha

on the left – a la izquierda

above – arriba

below – abajo

Ejemplos:

1. The police station is between the bank and the store. 2. The drug store is across from the police station. 3. The school is next to the restaurant. 4. The train station is opposite the school. 5. The movie theater is on the corner of Second Street and main Street.

H Preguntamos y describimos ubicación de lugares públicos y cómo llegar a ellos:

Example 1 two girls Example 2 two boys A: Excuse me, where’s the train station? A: Excuse me, where’s the bank?

B: It’s on Central Avenue across from the school. B: It’s on Main Street.

A: How can I get there? A: How can I get to the bank?

B: Walk down First Street for two blocks and turn

left on Central Avenue. You’ll see the train station

on your left.

B: Go up Second Street for one block and turn left

on Main street. Go straight ahead and you’ll see

the bank on your right, next to the police station.

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GIVING DIRECTIOS

1) Look at the map below and answer the questions as the example below. Use the appropriate prepositions:

opposite, next to, between, turn left, turn right, go along, walk up, walk down, etc.

Example:

Student A: How can I get from this record shop to the zoo?

Student B: Go along Hill Street, turn left in Upper Street. The zoo is opposite the hospital, next to the hotel.

Student A:

How can I get from this restaurant to the nearest supermarket?

How can I get from the station to the nearest bank?

How can I get from this record shop to the nearest hotel?

Student B:

How can I get from this bank to the airport?

How can I get from this supermarket to the station? How can I get from the station to the zoo?

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Si tienes alguna pregunta en relación a este contenido, solicita una

asesoría individual

para que se te aclaren tus dudas.